B+K precision 4047B User manual

Model: 4047B
Dual Channel Function/Arbitrary
Waveform Generator
USER MANUAL
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Safety Summary
The following safety precautions apply to both operating and maintenance personnel and must be
followed during all phases of operation, service, and repair of this instrument.
Before applying power to this instrument:
Read and understand the safety and operational information in this manual.
Apply all the listed safety precautions.
Verify that the voltage selector at the line power cord input is set to the correct line voltage.
Operating the instrument at an incorrect line voltage will void the warranty.
Make all connections to the instrument before applying power.
Do not operate the instrument in ways not specified by this manual or by B&K Precision.
Failure to comply with these precautions or with warnings elsewhere in this manual violates the
safety standards of design, manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. B&K Precision assumes
no liability for a customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
Category rating
The IEC 61010 standard defines safety category ratings that specify the amount of electrical energy
available and the voltage impulses that may occur on electrical conductors associated with these
category ratings. The category rating is a Roman numeral of I, II, III, or IV. This rating is also
accompanied by a maximum voltage of the circuit to be tested, which defines the voltage impulses
expected and required insulation clearances. These categories are:
Category I (CAT I): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are not intended to be
connected to the mains supply. The voltages in the environment are typically derived from a limited-
energy transformer or a battery.
Category II (CAT II): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains supply at a standard wall outlet or similar sources. Example measurement
environments are portable tools and household appliances.
Category III (CAT III): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the mains installation of a building. Examples are measurements inside a building's
circuit breaker panel or the wiring of permanently-installed motors.
Category IV (CAT IV): Measurement instruments whose measurement inputs are meant to be
connected to the primary power entering a building or other outdoor wiring.
Do not use this instrument in an electrical environment with a higher category rating than what is
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specified in this manual for this instrument.
You must ensure that each accessory you use with this instrument has a category rating equal to or
higher than the instrument's category rating to maintain the instrument's category rating. Failure to
do so will lower the category rating of the measuring system.
Electrical Power
This instrument is intended to be powered from a CATEGORY II mains power environment. The mains
power should be 120 V RMS or 240 V RMS. Use only the power cord supplied with the instrument and
ensure it is appropriate for your country of use.
Ground the Instrument
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cabinet must be connected to an electrical
safety ground. This instrument is grounded through the ground conductor of the supplied, three-
conductor AC line power cable. The power cable must be plugged into an approved three-conductor
electrical outlet. The power jack and mating plug of the power cable meet IEC safety standards.
Do not alter or defeat the ground connection. Without the safety ground connection, all accessible
conductive parts (including control knobs) may provide an electric shock. Failure to use a properly-
grounded approved outlet and the recommended three-conductor AC line power cable may result in
injury or death.
Unless otherwise stated, a ground connection on the instrument's front or rear panel is for a
reference of potential only and is not to be used as a safety ground.
Do not operate in an explosive or flammable atmosphere
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or vapors, fumes, or finely-divided
particulates.
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The instrument is designed to be used in office-type indoor environments. Do not operate the
instrument
In the presence of noxious, corrosive, or flammable fumes, gases, vapors, chemicals, or finely-
divided particulates.
In relative humidity conditions outside the instrument's specifications.
In environments where there is a danger of any liquid being spilled on the instrument or
where any liquid can condense on the instrument.
In air temperatures exceeding the specified operating temperatures.
In atmospheric pressures outside the specified altitude limits or where the surrounding gas is
not air.
In environments with restricted cooling air flow, even if the air temperatures are within
specifications.
In direct sunlight.
This instrument is intended to be used in an indoor pollution degree 2 environment. The operating
temperature range is 0 °C to 50 °C and the operating humidity is ≤ 95 % relative humidity at < 30 °C,
with no condensation allowed.
Measurements made by this instrument may be outside specifications if the instrument is used in
non-office-type environments. Such environments may include rapid temperature or humidity
changes, sunlight, vibration and/or mechanical shocks, acoustic noise, electrical noise, strong electric
fields, or strong magnetic fields.
Do not operate instrument if damaged
If the instrument is damaged, appears to be damaged, or if any liquid, chemical, or other material gets
on or inside the instrument, remove the instrument's power cord, remove the instrument from
service, label it as not to be operated, and return the instrument to B&K Precision for repair. Notify
B&K Precision of the nature of any contamination of the instrument.
Clean the instrument only as instructed
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Do not clean the instrument, its switches, or its terminals with contact cleaners, abrasives, lubricants,
solvents, acids/bases, or other such chemicals. Clean the instrument only with a clean dry lint-free
cloth or as instructed in this manual.
Not for critical applications
This instrument is not authorized for use in contact with the human body or for use as a component
in a life-support device or system.
Do not touch live circuits
Instrument covers must not be removed by operating personnel. Component replacement and
internal adjustments must be made by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who are
aware of the hazards involved when the instrument's covers and shields are removed. Under certain
conditions, even with the power cord removed, dangerous voltages may exist when the covers are
removed. To avoid injuries, always disconnect the power cord from the instrument, disconnect all
other connections (for example, test leads, computer interface cables, etc.), discharge all circuits, and
verify there are no hazardous voltages present on any conductors by measurements with a properly-
operating voltage-sensing device before touching any internal parts. Verify the voltage-sensing device
is working properly before and after making the measurements by testing with known-operating
voltage sources and test for both DC and AC voltages. Do not attempt any service or adjustment unless
another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is present.
Do not insert any object into an instrument's ventilation openings or other openings.
Hazardous voltages may be present in unexpected locations in circuitry being tested when a fault
condition in the circuit exists.
Fuse replacement
Fuse replacement must be done by qualified service-trained maintenance personnel who are aware
of the instrument's fuse requirements and safe replacement procedures. Disconnect the instrument
from the power line before replacing fuses. Replace fuses only with new fuses of the fuse types,
voltage ratings, and current ratings specified in this manual or on the back of the instrument. Failure
to do so may damage the instrument, lead to a safety hazard, or cause a fire. Failure to use the
specified fuses will void the warranty.
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Servicing
Do not substitute parts that are not approved by B&K Precision or modify this instrument. Return the
instrument to B&K Precision for service and repair to ensure that safety and performance features are
maintained.
Cooling fans
This instrument contains one or more cooling fans. For continued safe operation of the instrument,
the air inlet and exhaust openings for these fans must not be blocked nor must accumulated dust or
other debris be allowed to reduce air flow. Maintain at least 25 mm clearance around the sides of the
instrument that contain air inlet and exhaust ports. If mounted in a rack, position power devices in
the rack above the instrument to minimize instrument heating while rack mounted. Do not continue
to operate the instrument if you cannot verify the fan is operating (note some fans may have
intermittent duty cycles). Do not insert any object into the fan's inlet or outlet.
For continued safe use of the instrument
Do not place heavy objects on the instrument.
Do not obstruct cooling air flow to the instrument.
Do not place a hot soldering iron on the instrument.
Do not pull the instrument with the power cord, connected probe, or connected test lead.
Do not move the instrument when a probe is connected to a circuit being tested.
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Compliance Statements
Disposal of Old Electrical & Electronic Equipment (Applicable in the European
Union and other European countries with separate collection systems)
This product is subject to Directive 2002/96/EC of the European
Parliament and the Council of the European Union on waste electrical
and electronic equipment (WEEE), and in jurisdictions adopting that
Directive, is marked as being put on the market after August 13, 2005,
and should not be disposed of as unsorted municipal waste. Please
utilize your local WEEE collection facilities in the disposition of this
product and otherwise observe all applicable requirements.
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CE Declaration of Conformity
This instrument meets the requirements of 2006/95/EC Low Voltage Directive and 2004/108/EC
Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive with the following standards.
Low Voltage Directive
-EN61010-1: 2001
EMC Directive
-EN 61000-3-2: 2006
-EN 61000-3-3: 1995+A1: 2001+A2: 2005
-EN 61000-4-2 / -3 / -4 / -5 / -6 / -11
-EN 61326-1: 2006
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Safety Symbols
Refer to the user manual for warning information
to avoid hazard or personal injury and prevent
damage to instrument.
Electric Shock hazard
Alternating current (AC)
Chassis (earth ground) symbol.
Ground terminal
On (Power). This is the In position of the power
switch when instrument is ON.
Off (Power). This is the Out position of the power
switch when instrument is OFF.
Power Switch (On/Off). This is the power switch
located in front of the instrument.
CAUTION indicates a hazardous situation which, if
not avoided, will result in minor or moderate injury
WARNING indicates a hazardous situation which, if
not avoided, could result in death or serious injury
DANGER indicates a hazardous situation which, if
not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
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Contents
Safety Summary............................................................................................. 2
Compliance Statements......................................................................................................... 7
Safety Symbols....................................................................................................................... 9
1General Information ......................................................................... 13
1.1 Product Overview ......................................................................................................... 13
1.2 Package Contents.......................................................................................................... 13
1.3 Front Panel Overview....................................................................................................14
1.4 Rear Panel Overview.....................................................................................................15
1.5 Display Overview........................................................................................................... 16
2Getting Started ................................................................................. 17
2.1 Input Power and Fuse Requirements............................................................................ 17
2.2 Connectors .................................................................................................................... 18
2.3 Output Connections......................................................................................................18
2.4 Preliminary Check ......................................................................................................... 19
3Operating Instructions ...................................................................... 21
3.1 Menu Keys..................................................................................................................... 21
3.1.1 WAVEFORM Keys ............................................................................................. 21
3.1.2 MODE Key........................................................................................................ 22
3.1.3 UTILITY Key ...................................................................................................... 24
3.1.4 SWEEP Key ....................................................................................................... 25
3.1.5 MODULATION Key............................................................................................ 26
3.1.6 ARBITRARY Key ................................................................................................ 31
3.1.7 Arbitrary EDIT Menu........................................................................................ 33
3.2 ON Key........................................................................................................................... 36
3.3 Cursor Keys.................................................................................................................... 36
3.4 Rotary Input Knob .........................................................................................................36
3.5 Power-On Settings ........................................................................................................36
3.6 Memory......................................................................................................................... 37
3.7 Displaying Errors ........................................................................................................... 37
3.8 Quick Start..................................................................................................................... 38
3.8.1 Selecting a Standard Waveform ..................................................................... 38
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3.8.2 Setting the Output .......................................................................................... 38
3.8.3 Using Voltage Offset....................................................................................... 38
3.8.4 Storing and Recalling a Waveform Generator Setup...................................... 39
3.8.5 Creating an Arbitrary Waveform..................................................................... 40
3.8.6 Entering Individual Data Points ....................................................................... 40
3.8.7 Setting the Arbitrary Frequency ...................................................................... 41
3.8.8 Setting the Amplitude...................................................................................... 41
3.8.9 Executing an Arbitrary Waveform .................................................................... 42
4Programming .................................................................................... 43
4.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................... 43
4.1.1 Connecting to USB (Virtual COM) Interface..................................................... 43
4.1.2 USB (Virtual COM) Settings ............................................................................. 46
4.2 Device States................................................................................................................ 47
4.2.1 Local State (LOCS)............................................................................................ 47
4.2.2 Remote State (REMS)....................................................................................... 47
4.3 Message Exchange Protocol......................................................................................... 47
4.3.1 The Input Buffer............................................................................................... 47
4.3.2 The Output Queue ........................................................................................... 48
4.3.3 Response Messages......................................................................................... 48
4.4 Instrument Identification ............................................................................................. 48
4.5 Instrument Reset..........................................................................................................48
4.6 Command Syntax ........................................................................................................48
4.6.1 General Command Structure........................................................................... 48
4.7 Status Reporting...........................................................................................................51
4.7.1 The Error Queue............................................................................................... 51
4.7.2 Error Codes ...................................................................................................... 51
4.8 Common Commands ...................................................................................................54
4.8.1 System Data Commands.................................................................................. 54
4.8.2 Internal Operation Commands ........................................................................ 55
4.8.3 Device Trigger Commands ............................................................................... 55
4.8.4 Stored Settings Commands.............................................................................. 55
4.9 Instrument Control Commands ................................................................................... 56
4.9.1 Default Subsystem ........................................................................................... 57
4.9.2 Arbitrary Subsystem ........................................................................................ 67
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5Troubleshooting Guide...................................................................... 72
6Specifications.................................................................................... 74
SERVICE INFORMATION ............................................................................... 78
LIMITED THREE-YEAR WARRANTY................................................................ 79
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1General Information
1.1 Product Overview
The 4047B is a versatile dual-channel function generator with arbitrary capabilities. Implemented
using a DDS (direct digital synthesis) architecture, this instrument generates stable and precise sine,
square, triangle, and arbitrary waveforms. The unit also provides linear and logarithmic sweep for
users needing sweep capability. An auxiliary TTL output at the generator’s set frequency is available to
synchronize external devices. The instrument can also be remotely operated via the USB interface and
is SCPI compatible.
1.2 Package Contents
Please inspect the instrument mechanically and electrically upon receiving it. Unpack all items from
the shipping carton, and check for any obvious signs of physical damage that may have occurred
during transportation. Report any damage to the shipping agent immediately. Save the original
packing carton for possible future reshipment. Every generator is shipped with the following contents:
4047B DDS function generator
AC Power Cord
USB (type A to B) interface cable
Certificate of Calibration
Verify that all items above are included in the shipping container. If anything is missing, please contact
B&K Precision.
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1.3 Front Panel Overview
Figure 1 - Front Panel Overview
Front Panel Description
Power On/Off Switch
Function Keys (F1-F4)
Mode Key
Sweep Key
Channel Key
Modulation Key
Utility Key
Enter Key
Output BNCs
Output On/Off Key
Rotary Knob and Cursor Keys
Units Keys
Numeric Keypad
Waveform Keys
LCD Display
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
1
2
3
5
8
11
12
13
15
14
9
10
4
6
7
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The front-panel controls select, display, and change parameter, function, and mode settings.
Use the numerical keypad, rotary input knob and the cursor movement keys to enter data into the
waveform generator.
To change a setting:
1. Press the key that leads to the parameter to change.
2. Move cursor using cursor keys to the appropriate position in the numeric field (if applicable).
3. Use the rotary input or the numerical keyboard to change the value of the displayed parameter.
Changes take effect immediately.
1.4 Rear Panel Overview
Figure 2 - Rear Panel Overview
Rear Panel Description
Modulation Input BNC
External Trigger Input and Counter BNC
CH1 Sync Output BNC
CH2 Sync Output BNC
USB Interface
Earth Ground
AC Power Connector and Fuse Box
Rear Cooling Fan
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8
7
1
2
3
4
5
6
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1.5 Display Overview
The function generator has a color LCD display that can display up to 400 x 240 dots. When powering
on the unit, sine waveform is selected and current settings will appear in the display. The bottom of
the display shows a menu (selectable with function keys) that corresponds to the function, parameter,
or mode display selected.
Figure 3 - Display Overview
Display Description
Wave Type
Trigger Mode
Frequency
Menu Parameters Values
Menu Options
Menu Title
General Waveform Display
Channel Selection Indicator
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
5
4
8
2
1
3
7
6
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2Getting Started
Before connecting and powering up the instrument, please review and go through the instructions in
this chapter.
2.1 Input Power and Fuse Requirements
Input Power
The instrument has a universal AC input that accepts line voltage and frequency input within:
90 V to 264 V, 48 Hz to 66 Hz
The maximum power consumption is 30 VA. Use a slow blow fuse of 1A, UL/CSA approved as
indicated on the rear panel of the instrument.
Before connecting to an AC outlet or external power source, be sure that the power switch is in the
OFF position and verify that the AC power cord, including the extension line, is compatible with the
rated voltage/current and that there is sufficient circuit capacity for the power supply. Once verified,
connect the cable firmly.
The included AC power cord is safety certified for this
instrument operating in rated range. To change a
cable or add an extension cable, be sure that it can
meet the required power ratings for this instrument.
Any misuse with wrong or unsafe cables will void the
warranty.
Fuse Requirements
The instrument power fuse is located in the AC input plug. To access the fuse, first disconnect the
power cord and then remove the fuse box.
There is a 1A, 250V rated slow blow fuse at the AC input. Should the fuse ever get blown, follow the
steps below to replace:
1. Locate the fuse box next to the AC input connector in the rear panel.
2. With a small flat blade screwdriver, insert into the fuse box slit to pull and slide out the fuse
box as indicated below.
3. Check and replace fuse if necessary.
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Figure 4 - Fuse Replacement
2.2 Connectors
The function generator has two BNC connectors on the front panel where you can connect coaxial
cables. These coaxial cables serve as carrier lines for output signals delivered from the function
generator.
Output Connector
Use this connector to transfer the main output signal from the function generator. One connector is
available for each channel.
Trig In Connector
Use this connector to apply an external trigger or gate signal, depending on the waveform generator
setting, to the generator. When the built-in frequency counter is enabled, this connector becomes an
input for the counter. The connector is common to both channels acting as the MODE selected for
each channel.
Sync Out Connector
Use this connector to output a positive TTL sync pulse generated at each waveform cycle. One
connector is available for each channel.
Modulation In Connector
5V p-p signal for 100% modulation, 10Kohms input impedance with DC - >20 KHz bandwidth. The
connector is common to both channels acting as the MODULATION function selected for each
channel.
2.3 Output Connections
The waveform generator output circuits operate as a 50 Ω voltage source working into a 50 Ω load. At
higher frequencies, non-terminated or improperly terminated output causes aberrations on the
output waveform. In addition, loads less than 50 Ω reduce the waveform amplitude, while loads
more than 50 Ω increase waveform amplitude.
Fuse box slit
Fuse box
Check/Remove Fuse
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Excessive distortion or aberrations caused by improper termination are less noticeable at lower
frequencies, especially with sine and triangle waveforms. To ensure waveform integrity, follow these
precautions:
1. Use good quality 50 Ω coaxial cable and connectors.
2. Make all connections tight and as short as possible.
3. Use good quality attenuators if it is necessary to reduce waveform amplitudes applied to
sensitive circuits.
4. Use termination or impedance-matching devices to avoid reflections.
5. Ensure that attenuators and terminations have adequate power handling capabilities.
If there is a DC voltage across the output load, use a coupling capacitor in series with the load. The
time constant of the coupling capacitor and load must be long enough to maintain pulse flatness.
Impedance Matching
If the waveform generator is driving a high impedance, such as a 1 MΩ input impedance (paralleled by
a stated capacitance) of an oscilloscope vertical input, connect the transmission line to a 50 Ω
attenuator, a 50 Ω termination and to the oscilloscope input. The attenuator isolates the input
capacitance of the device and terminates the waveform generator properly.
2.4 Preliminary Check
The 4047B is intended for bench use. The instrument includes a front feet tilt mechanism for
optimum panel viewing angle. The instrument does not require special cooling when operated within
conventional temperature limits. It may be installed in a closed rack or test station if proper air flow
can assure removing about 15 W of power dissipation.
Complete the following steps to verify that the generator is ready for use.
1. Verify AC Input Voltage
Verify and check to make sure proper AC voltages are available to power the instrument.
The AC voltage range must meet the acceptable specification as explained in 2.1 Input
Power and Fuse Requirements.
2. Connect Power
Connect AC power cord to the AC receptacle in the rear panel and press the power switch
to the ON position to turn ON the instrument. The instrument will have a boot screen
while loading, after which the main screen will be displayed.
3. Self Adjust
At power-on, the waveform generator performs a diagnostic self-test procedure to check
itself for errors. If it finds an error, an error code and text will appear in the display
window. Other error codes appear when you enter an invalid front-panel setting. For more
information on error codes, see the 3.7Displaying Errors. When the waveform generator
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finishes the diagnostic self-test routine, it enters the local state (LOCS) and assumes
power-on default settings.
Output Check
Follow the steps below to do a quick check of the settings and waveform output.
1. Turn on the instrument and set the instrument to default settings. To set to default, press
Setups, press Recall, and select 0 Default Setup. The instrument will set both channels
with the following parameters:
Waveform Shape: Sine
Frequency: 1.000000000 kHz
Amplitude: 5 .000 Vpp
Offset: 0.000 Vdc
Phase: 0.0 °
Output Impedance: 50 OHM
2. Connect the BNC output of CH1 into an oscilloscope.
3. Press the On button on top of CH1 output BNC to turn on the output and observe a sine
wave with the parameters above.
4. Press the Freq option in the menu and use the rotary knob or the numeric keypad to
change frequency. Observe the changes on the oscilloscope display.
5. Press the Ampl option in the menu and use the rotary knob or the numeric keypad to
change the amplitude. Observe the changes on the oscilloscope display.
6. Press the Offset option in the menu and use the rotary knob or the numeric keypad to
change the DC offset. With the oscilloscope set for DC coupling, observe the changes on
the display.
7. Now, connect the BNC output of CH2 into an oscilloscope and follow steps 3 to 6 to check
its output.
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