Burke & James Rexoette User manual
POSTED 6-27-'O4
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Hovrz To Take
PictLrres
ith -
p0
,t,
F
.F
a)
-v
14
@Gmeneg
Nos. 2, 2='Ar B and 3=A
Manufactured By
Burke &
JameSI!(
gFIIQACO
For
Rich,Beautiful
Pictures
Make
YourPrints
On
The
NewRapid
GuaranteedDeveloping
Paper
of Distinguished
Quality
No matter what kind of a negative you have there is
a grade of Rexo that will produce the most perfect pictures
possible to obtain. Rexo is supplicd in three distinct
grades-Rexo Hard, for thin, weak, flat negatives. Rexo
Normal, for negatives of normal or average density or
contrast. Rexo Soft, for harsh, contrasty negatives and
for producing soft effects with any negative. Rexo possesses
lllarvelous
latitude
in Exposure
andDevelopment
These features eliminate wasted orints and make Rexo
the logical choice of amateur, commercial and professional
photographers.
Rexo is uniform in quality and produces pictnres
marked by beautiful gradations, purity of the highlghts,
and transparency ofthe shadows.
Manufactured By
ffi#ffi BUrke &James r,,. ffii#ffi
240-258 E. OntarioStreet
CNICAGO
New York Salesroom 225 lilth Avenue
ENIARGINGREXO,35 times
asfastas REXO
Normal,
pro-
ducesexquisite
Enlargementsfrom allclasses
of negatives.
Instructionsfor
Rexoette
Cameras
Do not attempt to loatl or take any pictures with the
Rexoette until you have become thoroughly farniliar with
cvery part of the instrunent. Take especial care to learn
the construction of the shutter: s'ork lt for time and in-
stantaneous exposure. Read carefullv the follon'ing instruc-
tions, The most important thing to be rememberecl
in picture
taking is that no w-hitelight (inclucling gas, electric or lamp
light) should be allorvecl
to strike the film, eren for a frac-
tional part of a secontl, until it has been iler.eloped and fixecl.
OperatingThe
It is therefore best
in a subtluecl light, that the loading anrl unloading be clone
for after the seai on the f1m is broken
-l-
Size
21/ax?
Ya
2Y2x41/+
31/ax4ya
31/4x51/i
No.
2
2A
3
3A
there is a possibility of the eclgesbecoming fogged if care
is not taken to keep the biack paper dran'n tightly.
. Bef-ore loading.the camera, try the shutter to seethat it
rs worKrng properry.
Films Adapted to Rexoette
Cameras
R
exo
Recold Eastman Price
415 720 No. 2 Brownie. . .$0.20
425 116 No. 1A F.P.Koda.k .25
430 118 No.3 F.P.Kodak .35
415 722 No. 3A F.P.Kodak .40
figure 2.
-2-
Camera
Rexoette
Rexoette
Rexoette
Rexoette
To Load
To load, release the trvo corner catches (D) at the rear
of the camera. The back of the camera, rvhich is
hingeal on the lower siile can lol' be opened. Next <lraw
out the winding ke1- as far it s-itl go. This will release
the roli holder permitting its n-ithcltan-al from the camera
box.
Figure3.
An empty spool rvi1l bc fourrt'l in the rn'inding key sirle.
Next bleali tle seal on t]re {ilrn cartritlge and place the
spool in the empty chamber as shown in figure 2, t-aking
e-are
that the black paper leatls off the top of the spool. The
fihn is now in posiiion to continue loatling; the retainirg
spring preventing any loosenirg of the black paper. Next
rl-raw-the black papei around the back of the camera and
about ts.'o inches biyond the end of the camera (see figure
3). Then thread the end of the black paper into the wide
slot in tbe emlit
v sl,ool.as slroq'n
in figure '1.
With the thumbs on the flanges of the spool turn same
until the paper is securecl, ts'o or three revolutions n'ill be
su{iicient (see flgure 5).
After the film is secureil replace the roll holder in the
camela ancl return -n'inding kcv to its normal position. Close
-3-
back of camera anrl secure
with the corner catches.Next turn
the r;inding key slon'l;- until it engages in the slot in the
encl of the spool.
Continue to turn the rrinrling kev slolr.ly until the figure
one -appears opposite the rubl- rvindow rvliich signilies that
the film is in proper position fol the fir.st
exposure.
The camera, is norv read;. for making exl,osures for all
objects at a^distalce of eight feet or moie. Throughout the
operation of loading, flom the brealiing of the seal-untii the
camera is closeil,see
that the I'eppyis riounil tightly over the
spools, for if it is allou.eil to loosen or bulgi, ihcre is a
cliance that the film will be fogged.
TheShutter
The shutter supplietl r-ith the Rexoette Canera is auto-
matic,_that is, it is alr'a1's set r.eaiJ.
for takilg the picture-
a single plessure of the ler.er 1A)'iir either il"irecti6n makes
-4-
Figure 4.
an instantaneous or snap-shot exposure. To set for time,
draw out the time stop (C), one pressure of the lever (A)
opens the shutter anil a seconcl pressure in the opposite
direction closes it.
figure 5.
Stopor Diaphragm
All Rexoette cameras are supplieci with a diaphragm plate
having three clifferent sizeil openings, rn'hich regulate the
amount of lieht that is allon'ed to reacir the fllm.
The largest opening is for making snap shots in bright
sunlight.
The meilium opening is for interior time exposures, see
speeia.l tlirections uniler Time Exposures Indoors,
The smallest opening is for making time exposure out-of-
doors on cloudy days. Never use the smallest stop for snap-
shots. See special ilirections unrler "Time Exposures Out-
of-Doors.t' _o_
Takenfrom chinon
\Yith slide (B) in normal position the largest opening is
in piace; to use the metliurrropening dlaw out the slide until
the locati.ng spring snaps into first indention; to use the
smallest opening ch'arv out the slide until the spring snaps
into the seconclinclentiol.
Instantaneousor Snap Shot Exposures
fn making instantaleous or snap shot exposurcs use the
largest diaphragrn stop. Snapshots are usuallv nade while
holding the camera in the harrcl, the light shouicl therefore
be bright sunshine. On blight clays snap-shots can be mat'le
at any time during the clay from three hours after suirrise
to three hours before sulset. Earlier or later than this, short
time exposures should be given. It is a goocl rule ner-er to
photograph directly toward the sun, the best position being
to have the light shining from behind the operator or over
either shoulder anci clirectly on the object to be photographed,
If the direct rays of the sun strike the lens cluring the ex-
posure the picture rvill be blurred. Do not trv to photograph
moving objects at a shortcr c'listance
thal 15 feet distant
from the camera. It is aclvisableto endear.orto catch them
at an angle either coming toward or goilg from the camera,
as goocl results will rrot be obtairred if taken .n4renthe ob-
ject is directly opliosite. If photographing tall buildings at
close range it is necessarv to secure a position as near ,as
possible opposite the center of the builcling, for if the camera
is tilted uprvarci, the lines in the picture r-ill be fountl to
converge because of the fact that the top of the builtling
is of a much greater clistance frorn the ca-era thair the bot--
1o*. This same rule applies .n,hen
photographirg small ob-
jccts such as a ilog; in this case
the c,amera
should be lorverecl
t,o the.center of the object to be taken, thus avoiding any
dTStrOItrIO N.
Whgn reatly for making the exposure holc1 the camera in
both hanils and as near levet as plssible so that the picture
n'ill be in true perspectir-e. Locate the ob.iect in the- fintier
by looking squa.rely into it, nraking sure- that all of the
object rn'hich you desire to photograph falls within the
limits of the fincler. When all is i-l ieadiness release the
-6-
shutter, taking care not to jerk or move the camera during
the exposure, A pressure of the lever w-i1lopen the shutter
for a fractional part of a,second thereby permitting the ligirt
to pass through the lens anil forming an irnage on the sensi-
tive surface of the film. After making the exposure turn
the 'winding key to the right watching the ruby window in
the back of the camera until the next number.appears. This
is a very important point and one shoukl early acquire the
habit of turning thc winiling key after each exposure thus
avoiding the possibility of making two exposures
on the same
surface of the film. fime Exposures
When making time exlosures it is absolutelv necessary
that the camera be placecl upon a table or other frm sup-
port where there nil1 be no clanger
of its being moved tluring
the exposure. Center the object properly in the finder, and
draw out metal slide (C). Give a single pressure of the lever
to open, and u.'hen sufficient time has elapsed, an ailditional
pressure to c1ose,using care not to jar the camera in either
openlng or crosrng.
fn making time exposures it is necessarv to use sorne
judgment in regard to the length of tirrre the lens should
remain open. This is governed br- the amount of light which
falls upon the object to be photographetl at the time of the
exposure. Time
Exposures
Out-of-Doors
Tn making time exposures out-of-doors the metal slide (C)
shoulcl be dran'n out and the shutter opeled and closeil as
quickly as possible.
WITH SUNSHINE use the smallest diaphragm, opening
ancl closing the shutter as quickly as possible.
WITH LIGHT CLOUDS use the smallest cliaphragm, giv-
ing from lz to one seconcl exposure.
WITH HEAVY CLOUDS use the smallest diaphragm and
gir.e from 2 to 5 seconils.
The foregoing calculations are for open air exposures.
When photographing objects in shadows or on porches, no
accurate clirections can be given as too much depends upon
the clensity of the shadovvs.-Proper exposure can only be
learnecl through experience or bI using a scientific ex-
posure meter such as the Watkins Bee.
CAUTION. Ner.er attempt to make a time exoosure while
holrling the camera in tlre hand as a blurred picture is sule
to result. Time Exposures Indoors
The following table is for the largest stop. In case the
meclium stop is used tnice as much time must be given.
With the smallest stop, four times as much.
White Walls and One Window
Bright sun outside, six seconils,
I{azy sun, fifteen seconds.
0loudy-bright, thirty seconds.
Cloucly-clull, one minute.
White Walls and More than One Window
Bright sun outside, four seconds.
I{azy sun, ten seconds.
Cloudy-bright, twenty seconcls,
Cloudy-cluIl, forty seconds,
Medium O^lored. Walls and One Wind.ow
Bright sun outsit e, tn'e1ve seconds.
Ilazy sun, thirty seconds.
Cloucly=briglit, one minute.
Cloudy-dull, two minutes.
Medium Colored. Walls and. More than One Window
Bright sun outside, eight seconds.
Ilazy sun, twenty seconcls.
Cloudy-bright, forty seconcls.
Cloucly-dull, one minute, tra'enty seconcls.
Dark Colored Walls and. One Window
Bright sun outsicle, forty seconds.
Hazy sun, one minute, twenty seconds.
Cloutly-bright, t'wo minutes, forty seconds.
Cloudy-rlull, five minutes, twenty seeoncls,
Dark Colored Walls and More than One Window
Bright sun outsicle, twenty seconcls.
Ilazy sun, forty seconds
Cloudy-bright, one minute, twenty seconds.
Cloucly-clull, two minutes, forty seconds.
-a-
The foregoing figures are for rooms whose windows get
light clirect_from the sky anil for any time cluring the day
from three hours after sunrise to three hours befoie sunsei,
Removingthe Film
No rlark room is requiretl for removing the fiIm from the
camera. Ilowever it is best to perforrn this operation in
subduetl
light, observing the follonirrg rules:
Figure6.
First: When the last section of the film has been exDosetl
turn the n'iniling key until all of the paper has been wouncl
on the spool in the key wincling chamber. This can be tolcl
by the ease
rr-ibhwhich the spool turns.
Seeond: Remove the ro11holtler as tlirected on the prececl-
ing pages. -9-
Thircl: Draw the loose end of the black paper tight.ly
a1o.u1tl the- spooi and fasten it lvith the gummeci sti'ckei,
which will be founcl in'the ernpty reel.
Fourth: To remove the cartritlge from the camera, grasp
the spool as shorvn in figure 6.
Fifth: Tra,nsfer the emptl' flm spool to the r.r.intling key
side, so that the camera will be in reatliness for loaclini.
Dark Room Development
- tr'ilms may be taken to the nearest Photo Supplv Dealer
for _.development. Dealers liandling our produtis- can be
readily recognizeclby the appealance of oir trade-malk on
their store rn-indow's. Ilowever, in orcler to secure the
greatest pleasure arrd profit from your camera we advise
that the anratcur.
dcvelolr
lris oun films, for the proces.
is both irlleresting
arr,l
sipO1"._
Tbe easiesl
and Ienst.
er. #
pensive .\{a.v
to tlevelop roll films is by usirrg rra.\.s
rx I
darkened room which is lig-hted onll- riith thd ruby lanrp,
care being taken that all white light is excludetl. The follo;:
irrg articles at'elo('ornmentletl
foi tlris 1,u11,6ss.
An fngento Ruby Lamp No. 6.
ll lnsula^te Trays, .1x5or 4x6 (postcard).
1 8'oz. Graduate.
-1
Ingento Tablet Crgsher, or glass stirring ror1.
I .\rnatorrr
Prirrtirrg
Fratne:rrrJ
plain
gl:rss.
I prckrge of Irrgerto
Tablcts
or:
Ingr.nlo
ol
RexoJ[. Q. Tubes.
1 box of Ingento or Rexo Acicl llypo.
Select a loom or closet r-here all nhite light can be easily
qT1]"1.,1. Wlten developrnent is tlone at nigtrt ttris offers n"o
,liIfictlt1' l hate
rer. The re
ason that a tl-irhened room is
re.l_rirecl
is that the lilm is extrentell. sensitive to l,hite iight
3,n11
ngulti.be-spoilerl if exposetl eiilrer to da1-light or 1a'inp
light for the fractioiral p_art
of :r \ecol,l. Hariiig provitteil
the articles mcntioner'l above, set'ure a pair of scrssol,s,
a
pitcher of rvatet and a pail for I'aste.
fqt t_he
T]l)-. lu-lr. ol .a t:rhte or shetf rn,l tight it. The
subdueclred liqht tihj_ch
it cmits 1.i11rot iritre tic sensitir-e
filrn unless hekl too close to it. ft is thereiore aclvis:rblc
to
place the lamp at least 18 inrhes an'av from the trav in
_ IO_
I
I
I
,
j
which the developing is to be done; fill one of the trays with
v'ater, open the box of tablcts and take trvo tablets from the
large bottle and trvo tablets from one of the small vials; fill
the graduate to thc six-ounce mark and drop all four tablets
Developing
the Filmin a Strip-Figure 8
into the water, immediately crushing them rrith a stirring rod
until leduced to a fine porvtlcr; thcn stir the solution until
the tablcts are thoroughly dissolr,ed. Pour the contents of
the graduate into the second tray; next preparc the fixing
bath by dissolving one measuring cup (rvhich rvill be fountl
on the inside of the box) lcvel full of the lixins com-
pound in eight ounces of rvatci.. Stir until the solution
is complete; then poui' thc contcnts of the graduate into
the third tray. (Note It is not necessar.v to mix the
solutions in the darkloom. as they rtrc rrnaffected by
light). It is advisable to rcscrve one tray for the fixing bath
only.
To develop the fllm break the seal rvith v'hich the black
paper is held and unroll until the point lvhere the film is
attached to the black paper, then detach the entire strip of
film from the black paper and allorv the film to roll up loosely"
Ilold one end of thc roll rvith the thumb and fineer of the
-ll-.
left hand and take hold of the free enrl 'with the risht. Pass
the film through the tray of clean cold water, holdiqg one encl
in each hand as shorvn in the cut. Pass it in this manner
through the 'water several times so that there will be no
bubbles remaining on the surface of the fllm. When it is
thoroughly wet the developmenf, may be commenced. HoId-
ing the film in the same manner, pass the film through the
developing solution as described for wetting it, keeping it
constantly in motion. In about one minutc dark spots rvill
begin to appear. These are termed high lights, and very soon
after their appearance an image of the object will be discern-
ible. Complete development in the strip by passing the film
through the developing solution until all the detail has been
brought out in the thinest negatives.
It will be noted that the negatives are of different density.
This, horvever, is not an objection as this can be overcorn: i.n
printing. The difference in density does not affect the differ-
ence in contrast. Kecp the strip r,r.hichis being dcvc)oped in
constant motion, allo'rving the developer to act from fir'e to
eight minutes, depending upon the rapidity rvith rvhich the
negative gathers density. The progress of dcvclopment may
be watched by holding the strip up to the larnp from time
to time. It rs advisable, horvever, to make the examination
as short as nossible.
Note: 'Io avoid transparent spots after having passed the
film through the deveiopcr the first time face dor,vn,rcverse it
and pass it through face up, holding the film dolvn in the lray
and dlarving it lightly through the developer under the hand.
This ll,'ill brcak ail the air bubbles. Tlansparent spots are
causcd by air bubbles adhering to the film rluring do'elopment.
After the development has been completecl, pass the film
a fe'rv times through the clear rvater, thcn transferring it to
the tray containing the flxing bath. When al1 of the creamy
surface hns disappeared from the unsensitizctl surface of lhe
film fixation is practically complete. It is, horrever, advisable
to continue to pass the film through the solution trvo or
three minutes after the disappearancc of the creamy color.
After the films are thoroughly fixed they should be washed
in colrl mnning r.ater florn forty to sixty minutes. If run-
ning water is not convenient, tcn changes of lresh water should
- tz-
be used, keeping the fllms constantly in motion all the I'hile.
The thorough lvashing of the films is very important in order
to remove all traces of the Hypo or else stains 'lvill appear
after drying and the negatives rvill be ruined,
After washing, the films should be hung up to dry in such
a manner that it does not touch the surrounding objects. The
place selected for drying should be free from dust. If a mild
current of air is present the process of drying rvill be greatly
quickenecl.
The temperature of the developing solution should be as
near as possible to 65 degrees Fahrenheit. The fixing bath
and water used for rvashing should be kept cold, ice being
employed in extremely hot l-eather.
Cuttingthe Filmfor Separate
Development-Figure
9
The use of f,heIngento Developing Roller rvill greatly facil-
itate the developing process. This device consists of a heavy
glass roller lvhich revolves on trvo brass pins mounted in
extra heavy nickel plated brass frame. Its ot'n rveight is
sufficient to resist thc oull of the film when it is being drarvn
through the solution. ^When this roller is used only half the
solution ordinarily required need be made up, as the roller
over which the film is drawn is within 3/16 of an inch from
-13-
the bottom of the tray, thus keeping the film entirely sub-
nierged in less than one-half inch of solution. It is for use
in trays 4x5 or larger and rvill accommodate any film 4lax61/2
or smaller and can be obtained from all photo supply dealers.
SeparateDevelopment
of Each Exposure
'Ihe above directions apply to the developmerrt of the film
in the strip. It is sornetirnes advisable to develop each section
separately, especially lshere there has been a great variation
in the exposures given. In this case the following directions !
apply: E
In unrolling the film preparatory to developing in this _!
manner, care must be taken that the end should not be allowed _c)
to roll up over the paper. 'Ihe exposures shoulcl be cut apart !p
rvith the black paper on top so that the divisions betrveen 6
each film can be readily recognized by the numbers which a
appear on the edge of the black paper. Do not let the fingers =
touch the face of the film. The face is the dull side. The i
propcr maurer of holiling the fllm is illustrated by flgure 9. I
After the film has been cut into sections as indicated above. l]
place the scctions in the tray containing the cleer rvatcr, to e
i'.,morr" air bubbles, covering the tray 'li)ith a piccc of brown e
paperorcardboardtoexcludethelightofthelamp.Take>
one of the scctions from the water and immerse it face do'wn E
in the tray containing the dcveloper; rock the tray gent)y to I
prcvent strealis and air bubblcs. In about one minute the €
film will begin to darken, representing the high lights of the C
picture, and in about two minutes the image v'ill be discern- V
ible. The common 'way of determining rvhen the fiim has E
been fully developed is to look on the back to ascertain whether F
the obiects in the picture have begun to show through. When
developing films singly, from five to six minutes is usually
required, the time varying according to the temperature of
the solution.
When development is complete transfer the film to the
tray containing clear rvater ancl rinse it trvo or three trmes,
after rvhich it should be placeil in the tray containing the
fixing bath. At this juncture the second section of the film
shoulal be put through the same process, care having been
_ t4_
taken that none of the Hypo has adhereil to the fingers, thus
allowing rt to come rn contact with the undeveloped section
of the tilm or with the developer.
Three or more negatrr-es may be developed at one time
by placing the films in the dcveloper face dorvn and alter-
nating each section so as to prer-entair bubbles; however, r,ve
recommend that the beginner devclop only one section at a
time until the neccssary experience has been gained. As each
successive section is developed and lixed it shoulcl be placed
in the rvashing rvater. After the films have been thoroughly
rvashed they should be pinned up separateiy to dry, care being
taken that their surface is not allos'ed to come in contact
rvith the surrounding objects.
__\Ve reconmericl Ingelto or nexo Xf
. Q. Tubes or fngento
eled for inspection during printing, without disturbing its
register with the negative. The loading of the paper into the
frame should be done in a subdued light, that is, in an ordi-
nary room, but as far as possible from the window. The
unuged paper should be returned to its package for protection
from the light.
The loadecl printing frame should be placed glass side up
in the strongest possible light, direct sunlight being preferred.
It is allowed to remain until the image from the negative has
been sufficiently impressed on the sensitive paper. This can
only be determined by an occasional examination of the paper.
Print until the shado'lvs become a gray bronze color, or until
the high lights are slightly tinged with blue. When this stage
has been reached remove the print from the printing frame,
wash thoroughly in running water for 15 rninutes or in sev-
eral changes of cold water, allorving the print to remain in
each bath a ferv minutes. After having thoroughly washed
the print as above inclicatcd, it should be hung up for drying.
The Ingento Blue Print Paper is especially recommended as
it is prepared especially for photographic purposes.
'When using a printing-out paper such as Disco, Solio, etc.,
the frame should be loacled as directed above for blue print
paper. The printing should be allorved to continue until the
tone of the print is somewhat darker than is desirable in thc
finished picture. Ingento Toning and Fixing Solution is highly
recommenried for toning this class of p:rper. I{ix the toning
solution as dirccted on the package and pour it into a tray.
The prints shoulil be immersed in this solution face dorvn so
as to insure the even action of the solution over the rvhole
surface of the print. After a moment or so, the print may
be reversed so that the toning can be watched. Repeat this
process from time to time during toning. Thc prints will
begin to change color immediately qpon immersion in the
toning bath. At first they are of a reddish brown, changing
gradually to reddish yellolv, then to brol'n and then to purple.
Toning should be stopped when the desired shatle has been
obtained. At this point the prints should be transferred to
a salt solution made by dissoh'ing one tablespoonful of com-
mon table salt in 16 ounccs of v'ater. The prints should be
_ 16_
allowed to remain in this solution about 5 minutes, after
which they shouid be rvashed for one hour in running water
or in twelve changes of water. They are then ready foidrying,
books and for this purpose \.\.'e
recommend Ingento Blatter
Several prints can be toned simultaueouslr..
Developing
on GaslightPapers
Developing Papers, such as Rexo. \-elox, -{rgo, etc., are
very popular with arnateurs because of the simplicity in their
operation, the excellent rcsults obtained and the added advan-
tage of being able to print thern by artificial light. These
papers can be hanclled rvith safety eight or ten feet away
from an ordinarv gaslight. Thcy should not, however, be
allou-cd to remain uncoveled in the direct rays of the iight
even at this distance for any considerable time. The paper
is loadcti into an orclinary printing frame in the same man-
ner as aboye desclibed for printing.out papers, taking care
that the emulsion side of the paper is against the dull side
of the film. The emulsion side of the paper can be deter-
rnined by tendency of the 1,3pp1 to curil in that direction,
or by biting a corner of the papcr, the emulsion side tending
to sticl< to the teeth. \Iith the back of the frame clamped in
position, it is exposed by holding it near a gas jet, lamp or
incandcscent light. The length of the exposure depends upon
the distance at r.vhich the frame is held from the light, and
the density of the negative. Erposure can also be rnade in
subdued daylight; hou,ever, artificial light is preferred, as it
docs not vary in intensity as is the case rrith daylight and
it is therefore much easicr to judge the length of the exposure
recluircd,
\Tith this class of paper no image is seen on the surface,
until the print has bcen placed in the deleloper.
'l'he larger the negative, the greatcr the distance it should
be hcld from the light, the usual rule being that the proper
distance is equal to the diagonal of the negative. The time of
exposlrre varies with the distance the printing frarne is held
flom thc light. If, horvo.er, daylight is used, it rvill be
found advantageous to cover all the s'indorvs with postoflice
paper, 'lvith the exception of an opening about one foot square.
Ovcr this opcning ts.o or thtee sheets of tissue paper should
be pasted to diffuse the light, thcn use a piece of blacl< cloth
_t7_
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