Califone 5275 User manual

Page 2
SPECIFICATIONS
Power output:
Wow and Flutter:
Audio Frequency Response:
Signal
to Noise Ratio:
Mic Input:
Aux Input:
Aux Output:
Sync Track Frequency Response:
Sync
Input/Output:
Sync Tones:
Fast Forward/Rewind Time:
Speaker:
Power Source:
Dimensions:
Weight:
2 watts
continuous (rms) into 9 ohms at less than 5% THD,
Less than 0.22% wrms
8Hz to 10kHz +/-3dB.
45 dB minimum unweighted.
0.25 mV sensitivity, for use with microphones with
impedance ratings between 50 and 5,000 ohms.
250 mV sensitivity at 15,000 ohms impedance.
500 mV from 0 dB reference tape, 250 nW/m.,
I,000 ohms impedance
80 Hz to 8,000Hz +/- 5 dB.
500 mV rms referred to 250
nW/m. recorded level
150 Hz Tape Stop/Restart, 1,000 Hz Slide advance.
100 seconds for C-60 cassette.
5” round.
12OV 50-60 Hz AC (240V 50-60 Hz option available)
or four D-size batteries.
1 1” x 1 1” x 3-1/2”.
Approximately 6.0 Ibs.
DESCRIPTION OF OPERATION
POWER SUPPLY
Power can be supplied to the 5275 either via line cord or bat-
teries. The unit comes wired for
12OVAC but the wiring can be
changed to 230VAC. Contact the factory for details. Q10 is a
diode-connected germanium transistor, used to keep AC-de-
rived power from being fed into the batteries while offering the
lowest forward voltage drop from the battery supply. D21 pre-
vents battery voltage from charging C97, eliminating the possibil-
ity of capacitor leakage causing the battery to rundown.
SW9 switches on the power whenever the tape transport is en-
gaged. Thedifferent LEDs can be monitored by putting the trans-
port into
Play and Pause.
AUDIO RECORD/PLAYBACK
The use of an integrated circuit designed specifically for cassette
systems considerably simplifies the circuitry necessary for re-
cord and playback of audio signals in the 5275. This monolithic
IC contains a preamplifier circuit, an automatic level control cir-
cuit, a bridged power amplifier, and a meter drive circuit. Con-
sequently, the external circuitry for the audio
portion of the 5275
consists mainly of switching, equalization, and coupling. The only
active devices are Q12 and Q13, which mute the main amp dur-
ing turn-on while the preamp voltages come up and stabilize.
Q14,
an Aux Out buffer, and Q18, which locks the ALC circuit off
in Audio Playback.
For recording, the Bias Oscillator is turned on via
SW1-5 by bias-
ing Q2to saturation. This provides aground to the emitter of Ql,
which starts the Bias Oscillator.
With no external inputs
connected to the unit, the Internal Micro-
phone is automatically connected as a signal input in the Record
Mode. Plugging in an Auxiliary Input disconnects the Internal
Mike; connecting an External Microphone disconnects either the
Internal Mike or the Aux Input. The Internal Loudspeaker is dis-
connected in the Record Mode to eliminate acoustic feedback.
The signal being recorded can be monitored via the External
Speaker Jack by headphones or by a loudspeaker placed far
enough from the signal source to prevent acoustic feedback.
CAUTION: Always be sure the Red Cue (Sync) Rec/Erase light
is OFF when playing an audio-only tape with material recorded
on both sides.
When playing back prerecorded tapes, it is possible, under the
following circumstances, to erase the side of the tape you are not
listening to:
1. Sync Rec/Erase On
2. Erase Prevention Tab for other side is in place (affects home-
made tapes: commercial tapes come with this
tab removed).
The reason for this is that the Sync Track recorded by the 5275
corresponds to the “other side” of a normal audio-only cassette.
Thus
if you take a cassette you have recorded and play it on the
5275 with the Sync Record Switch on, you will erase the side you
are not listening to unless me small plastic tab at the rear right
has been pushed out. If the tab has not been removed,
SW8 will
dose. allowing SW5 to turn on the
Sync Record/Erase circuitry.
Commercial tapes are not subject to this problem as they
come
with no tab in place.
SYNCTONERECORDANDPLAYBACK
The 5275 has circuitry for sensing and recording
150 Hz and 1
kHz tones for making and using ANSI Standard synchronized
slide programs using one or two slide projectors or one slide pro-
jector with a Sync (Cue) Tone to stop the cassette motor. The fol-
lowing description primarily concerns itself with the 150 Hz sens-
ing circuit; the 1
kHz circuit is identical in theory, differing only in
time constants, except as noted.
The heart of the circuit is a twin-T network in the feedback of
IC3D. This network has medium Q and makes the IC a sensitive
filter. When the Q issufficientlyincreased, the IC
bewmes an os-
cillator. The combination of R132 and R163 makes the network
have only medium
Q; when Q8 shunts R163, the circuit oscil-
lates, generating a Sync Tone.

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SYNC PLAYBACK SECTION
Let’s follow
does
a prerecorded Sync Tone of 150 Hz through the unit,
noting the difference between what a 150 Hz and a 1 kHz tone
In the Playback Mode, RL-3 is off, leaving the Sync Track Erase
and Record/Playback Heads connected as shown in the
schematic. The signal comes off the head and is mixed with 2.3V
DC from voltage divider RlO7, R108, R111 This DC voltage
biases
IC2A for midpoint operation. The signal is amplified and
equalized by IC2A, further amplified by Q15, and goes through
SW4-1 and the Sync Out Jack. The 2.3V DC level is present at
the output of
IC2A, and is fed through R128 to the emitter of Q4
and through R141 to the base of Q5. SW4-1 is set to either Tape
Stop or Proj 2 for Sync use; the center CM position is used when
playing a standard audio tape so that a 150 Hz audio tone on the
cassette will not command a Motor Stop. When an output is
taken from the Sync Out Jack, the Sync Tone does not proceed
through the 5275, ensuring that a Motor Stop command can not
stop the motor when a program tape is being copied.
VR3 adjusts the level of the Sync signal going into the Tone
Sense and Projector/Motor Control circuits. The signal is fed to
the non-inverting input of IC3D, which is biased by
RI20 and
Rl35. The
twin-T network feeds back to IC3D all but the Sync
Tone. causing the Sync Tone to be greatly amplified. Q16 is on
during normal playback, so the signal proceeds to a rectifier and
filter circuit which turns on IC2D, a comparator with hysteresis
set to trigger with any input greater than one signal diode drop
(approx. 0.2V DC). At this point several things can happen in the
150 Hz circuit; in the 1 kHz circuit, Cl3 turns on
RL-1, advancing
Projector 1 one frame.
In the 150 Hz circuit. Q6 is turned on when IC2D comes high. If
”
SW4 IS in the Proj 2 position, this turns on RL1, advancing Pro-
jector
2 by one frame. If SW4 is in the Tape Stop position, Q6
brings the emitter of Q5 low in comparison with the 2.3V DC de-
rived from
lC2A, turning on Q5. The charge on C96 (at the motor)
is then shunted to ground through RI 64,
Q5, SW4, and Q6, turn-
ing off
Q1 , and the motor stops. As the charge on C67 drops to
zero volts, C102 discharges and Q16 turns off. Current flows
through
Q4 to the base of Q6, keeping the motor off until SW7,
the Tape Stop/Restart Switch, is activated.
When SW7 is activated,
5V DC is fed through D6 to the base of
Q4. D25, connected from RI74 and C63 to the motor (which is
now off and effectively at ground), shunts this voltage away from
the 150 Hz generating circuit described in the Sync Record sec-
tion below, thus keeping the motor from being turned off again
during the restart process. Bringing up the base of Q4 turns it off,
turning
off Q6, turning off Q5, allowing C96 to charge, turning on
Q11 and the cassette motor. Q16 is already turned off, so any re-
maining Sync Tone on the tape can not restop the motor. The
collector voltage of Q6 is pulled up by RR144 and Tape Stop LED
0D18.
CC102onQ16 iisis meanwhile slowly charging; about onesec-
ond is necessary to charge this capacitor and enable the circuit
to tum
the motor off again.
In the Playback Mode, any external Sync In is shunted to ground
through Rl45, bias trap C73 and L4, and RL-3. The Sync Out
Jack disconnects the sync signal from the Sync Tone Sense cir-
cuitry
whenever a connector is plugged into the SyncOut Jack so
that a Motor Stop command on the tape will not stop the motor
while a tape is being copied.
During Audio Record, a large amount of Bias frequency signal is
induced in the Sync Playback head; Q17 shunts this to ground in
the Audio Record Mode to keep the electronics from being over-
whelmed by this unwanted Bias signal.
SYNC RECORD SECTION
SW5 and SW6 enable the Sync (Cue) Tone Erase/Record cir-
cuitry when they are closed, biasing
IC2B for midpoint operation,
turning on RL-3 and Dl6, and biasing Q2 into saturation, which
starts the Bias Oscillator by providing a ground for the emitter of
Q1. (For audio recording, the biasoscillator is turned on by SW1-
5 whether Sync Record is on or off.) SW6 is located in the tape
transport, behind the right side of the cassette. It closes when the
Erase Prevention Tab of the cassette is in place. (See the Cau-
tion in the Audio Playback section regarding accidental erasure
of prerecorded tapes.) SW5 is the front panel Sync Record
Switch.
When SW5 and SW6 are both closed and the transport is en-
gaged. Sync Tones are recorded on the cassette whenever
SW6, Slide Advance (Proj I), or SW7, Tape Stop/Restart (or Proi
2), is closed. Sync tones are audible through the loudspeaker
during the Sync Record due to magnetic coupling between the
two halves of the Record/Playback Head.
Let’s follow the signals through the record circuitry of the 150 Hz
section, noting the differences between the 150 Hz and 1 kHz
sections. The 150 Hz section is chosen for this example as it is
the more complicated circuit.
When RL-3 closes, its terminals 9 and 15 shunt to ground the 2.3
V DC bias on the non-inverting input of
IC2A. This brings the DC
level of IC2A’s output to ground, removing this voltage from the
emitter of Q4 and the base of Q5. As a result, the Sync Tones
generated by the 150 Hz oscillator can not turn off the motor in
the Sync Record Mode.
When the unit is in Audio Record, magnetic coupling between
the two halves of the Record Head induces a very low current 60
kHz
Bias voltage into the input of IC2A. Q17 shorts any resultant
output to ground so that it can not be fed into the tone sense cir-
cuitry.
Momentary
closure of Tape Stop/Restart Switch SW7 (or short-
ing pins 3 and 5 of the Remote Plug via a remote control unit) ap-
plies
5V DC to R174 and D8. C63 makes this into a pulse which
is fed through D15 and R171 into IC3C, a one-shot with about a
0.5 second on-time. The positive output from IC3C turns on Q8,
shorting R163 and greatly increasing the Q of the twin-T network.
turning IC3D into an oscillator. The output of IC3D goes into IC2B
through a mixing network and level set rheostat VR4. The output
of IC2B is fed through the Sync In Jack. If no plug is in this jack,
the signal proceeds through bias trap C73, L4 directly to the re-
cord head. Record bias is fed to the Record head through C51
andRll4.
The outputs of
IC3D and IC3A are also fed into their respective
rectifier networks and IC2D. It is therefore normal for Projector 1
relay RL-1 to close whenever a 1 kHz Sync Tone is recorded on
the tape. If SW4 is in the Proj 2 position, RL-2 will close whenever
a 150 Hz tone is recorded on the tape.
When an external Sync source is used, Sync In Jack J7 prevents
any internally generated tones from reaching the Record Head.
External Sync In senstivity is nominally 500mV.
Connecting a
plug to Sync Out Jack J6 prevents Sync Tones recorded on the
tape from reaching the sensing circuitry. Sync Out signals
are
also nominally 5OOmV.

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TROUBLESHOOTING THE 5275
TROUBLESHOOTING SECTIONS
The Troubleshooting Information on the following pages has been divided
into three sections with subsections in order to make it easier for the techni-
cian to find the particular section of interest. It is recommended that the fol-
lowing outline be used for troubleshooting:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Try out the unit, preferably with the customer’s tape, until the malfunc-
tion occurs.
If the motor works, skip Section I, Power Supply, and go directly to the
relevant section.
Note that the subsections are in functional order; for instance troub-
leshooting a problem with Audio Record means that Audio Playback
must first be verified.
The Sections
are as follows:
I. Power Supply and Motor
IIA. Audio Playback
IIIA. Sync Tone Generator
IIB.
Audio Record
111B. Sync Record
IIIC. Sync Playback
IIID. Sync and Audio Record
Directions: Follow each test in order. The correct voltage or
terminal, which is located on the left side of the unit and has a
waveform
will lead you to the next step; an in correct rneasure-
black wire connected to It.
ment
will lead you to the defective component(s). From Step All voltages given are nominal, and may be 10% above or
2on, the ground connectiin is taken from the negative battery below the stated voltages.
1. POWER SUPPLY AND MOTOR

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I
I
Most of the following tests are concerned with components to outside circuitry, so improper voltages on these pins, if ex-
connected to
ICl. If, at any point, there is a performance ternal pads are good. suggest replacement of the IC:PINS 2,
problem and all external components check good, recheck 3,4,6,8,13,17.18,19,20.
the DC voltages on IC1 The following pins are all AC coupled
IIA. AUDIO PLAYBACK
IIB AUDIO RECORD

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Review the Sync Tone Record and Playback section of the After Step 1, the following text deals directly with
the 150 Hz
General Description; your troubleshooting will be facilitated
section. Component designations for the 1 kHz section are in
by understanding the description of operation given there.
parenthesis where the two sections have common parts.
IIIA. SYNC TONE GENERATORS

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Page 10
I
SWITCH DESIGNATIONS TRANSISTOR FUNCTIONS
Q 1 Bias Oscillator
Q 2 Bias Oscillator Enable
Q 3 Projector 1 Relay Drive
Q 4 Motor Restart
0 5 Motor Stop Control
Q 6 Projector 2 Relay Drive, Motor Stop
Q 7 1 kHz Oscillator Start
Q 8 150 Hz Oscillator Start
Q 9 5.OV DC Regulation
Q10 Battery Diode
Q11 Motor Supply Regulation/Shutoff
Q12 Power-up Audio Mute Circuit
Q13 Power-up Audio Mute Circuit
Q14 Aux Out Buffer
Q15 Sync Playback
Q16 Motor Restart Tone Interrupt
Q17 Sync Out Shunt
Q18 Playback ALC Defeat
SW Function
SW1 REC/PLAY, shown in Play
SW2 PA
SW3 ALC
SW4 Tape Stop/Off/Proj. 2
SW5 Sync Record/Erase
SW6 Slide (1) Advance
SW7 Tape Stop/Restart,
Slide (2) Advance
SW8 Anti-Sync Record
SW9 Main Power
Location
Main PC Board
Front Panel
Front Panel
Jack Panel
Front Panel
Front Panel
Front Panel
Transport, right rear
Transport
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT FUNCTIONS
ICl TA7224P
Preamp, ALC, Main Amp,
Meter Drive
IC2 TA75324P
A: Sync Playback/EQ
B: Sync Oscillator Out
c:
Proj 1 Drive Comparator
D:
Proj 2 Drive Comparator
1
kHz Filter/Oscillator
1
kHz Oscillator Start
150 Hz Oscillator Start
150 Hz Filter/Oscillator
I
RELAY FUNCTIONS
I
RL 1 Projector 1 Advance
RL 2 Projector 2 Advance
RL 3 Sync Record
IC3 TA75324P
A:
B:
c:
D:
II
BAllmY
BLOCK DIAGRAM5275