Campbell CS705 User manual

Revision: 01/2022
Copyright © 1997 – 2022
Campbell Scientific
CSL I.D - 1196

Guarantee
This equipment is guaranteed against defects in materials and workmanship.
We will repair or replace products which prove to be defective during the
guarantee period as detailed on your invoice, provided they are returned to us
prepaid. The guarantee will not apply to:

Equipment which has been modified or altered in any way without the
written permission of Campbell Scientific

Batteries

Any product which has been subjected to misuse, neglect, acts of God or
damage in transit.
Campbell Scientific will return guaranteed equipment by surface carrier
prepaid. Campbell Scientific will not reimburse the claimant for costs incurred
in removing and/or reinstalling equipment. This guarantee and the Company’s
obligation thereunder is in lieu of all other guarantees, expressed or implied,
including those of suitability and fitness for a particular purpose. Campbell
Scientific is not liable for consequential damage.
Please inform us before returning equipment and obtain a Repair Reference
Number whether the repair is under guarantee or not. Please state the faults as
clearly as possible, and if the product is out of the guarantee period it should
be accompanied by a purchase order. Quotations for repairs can be given on
request. It is the policy of Campbell Scientific to protect the health of its
employees and provide a safe working environment, in support of this policy a
“Declaration of Hazardous Material and Decontamination” form will be
issued for completion.
When returning equipment, the Repair Reference Number must be clearly
marked on the outside of the package. Complete the “Declaration of
Hazardous Material and Decontamination” form and ensure a completed copy
is returned with your goods. Please note your Repair may not be processed if
you do not include a copy of this form and Campbell Scientific Ltd reserves
the right to return goods at the customers’ expense.
Note that goods sent air freight are subject to Customs clearance fees which
Campbell Scientific will charge to customers. In many cases, these charges are
greater than the cost of the repair.
Campbell Scientific Ltd,
80 Hathern Road,
Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX, UK
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.campbellsci.co.uk

About this manual
Please note that this manual was originally produced by Campbell Scientific Inc. primarily for the North
American market. Some spellings, weights and measures may reflect this origin.
Some useful conversion factors:
Area: 1 in2(square inch) = 645 mm2
Length: 1 in. (inch) = 25.4 mm
1 ft (foot) = 304.8 mm
1 yard = 0.914 m
1 mile = 1.609 km
Mass: 1 oz. (ounce) = 28.35 g
1 lb (pound weight) = 0.454 kg
Pressure: 1 psi (lb/in2) = 68.95 mb
Volume: 1 UK pint = 568.3 ml
1 UK gallon = 4.546 litres
1 US gallon = 3.785 litres
In addition, while most of the information in the manual is correct for all countries, certain information
is specific to the North American market and so may not be applicable to European users.
Differences include the U.S standard external power supply details where some information (for
example the AC transformer input voltage) will not be applicable for British/European use. Please note,
however, that when a power supply adapter is ordered it will be suitable for use in your country.
Reference to some radio transmitters, digital cell phones and aerials may also not be applicable
according to your locality.
Some brackets, shields and enclosure options, including wiring, are not sold as standard items in the
European market; in some cases alternatives are offered. Details of the alternatives will be covered in
separate manuals.
Part numbers prefixed with a “#” symbol are special order parts for use with non-EU variants or for
special installations. Please quote the full part number with the # when ordering.
Recycling information
At the end of this product’s life it should not be put in commercial or domestic refuse but
sent for recycling. Any batteries contained within the product or used during the
products life should be removed from the product and also be sent to an appropriate
recycling facility.
Campbell Scientific Ltd can advise on the recycling of the equipment and in some cases
arrange collection and the correct disposal of it, although charges may apply for some
items or territories.
For further advice or support, please contact Campbell Scientific Ltd, or your local agent.
Campbell Scientific Ltd, 80 Hathern Road, Shepshed, Loughborough, LE12 9GX,
UK Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
www.campbellsci.co.uk

Safety
DANGER —MANY HAZARDS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH INSTALLING, USING, MAINTAINING, AND WORKING ON
OR AROUND TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ANY ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS SUCH AS SENSORS,
CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC. FAILURE TO PROPERLY AND COMPLETELY ASSEMBLE,
INSTALL, OPERATE, USE, AND MAINTAIN TRIPODS, TOWERS, AND ATTACHMENTS, AND FAILURE TO HEED
WARNINGS, INCREASES THE RISK OF DEATH, ACCIDENT, SERIOUS INJURY, PROPERTY DAMAGE, AND
PRODUCT FAILURE. TAKE ALL REASONABLE PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID THESE HAZARDS. CHECK WITH YOUR
ORGANIZATION'S SAFETY COORDINATOR (OR POLICY) FOR PROCEDURES AND REQUIRED PROTECTIVE
EQUIPMENT PRIOR TO PERFORMING ANY WORK.
Use tripods, towers, and attachments to tripods and towers only for purposes for which they are designed. Do not
exceed design limits. Be familiar and comply with all instructions provided in product manuals. Manuals are
available at www.campbellsci.eu or by telephoning [phone] (UK). You are responsible for conformance
with governing codes and regulations, including safety regulations, and the integrity and location of structures or land
to which towers, tripods, and any attachments are attached. Installation sites should be evaluated and approved by a
qualified engineer. If questions or concerns arise regarding installation, use, or maintenance of tripods, towers,
attachments, or electrical connections, consult with a licensed and qualified engineer or electrician.
General
•Prior to performing site or installation work, obtain required approvals and permits. Comply with all
governing structure-height regulations, such as those of the FAA in the USA.
•Use only qualified personnel for installation, use, and maintenance of tripods and towers, and any
attachments to tripods and towers. The use of licensed and qualified contractors is highly recommended.
•Read all applicable instructions carefully and understand procedures thoroughly before beginning work.
•Wear a hardhat and eye protection, and take other appropriate safety precautions while working on or
around tripods and towers.
•Do not climb tripods or towers at any time, and prohibit climbing by other persons. Take reasonable
precautions to secure tripod and tower sites from trespassers.
•Use only manufacturer recommended parts, materials, and tools.
Utility and Electrical
•You can be killed or sustain serious bodily injury if the tripod, tower, or attachments you are installing,
constructing, using, or maintaining, or a tool, stake, or anchor, come in contact with overhead or
underground utility lines.
•Maintain a distance of at least one-and-one-half times structure height, or 20 feet, or the distance
required by applicable law, whichever is greater, between overhead utility lines and the structure (tripod,
tower, attachments, or tools).
•Prior to performing site or installation work, inform all utility companies and have all underground utilities
marked.
•Comply with all electrical codes. Electrical equipment and related grounding devices should be installed
by a licensed and qualified electrician.
Elevated Work and Weather
•Exercise extreme caution when performing elevated work.
•Use appropriate equipment and safety practices.
•During installation and maintenance, keep tower and tripod sites clear of un-trained or non-essential
personnel. Take precautions to prevent elevated tools and objects from dropping.
•Do not perform any work in inclement weather, including wind, rain, snow, lightning, etc.
Maintenance
•Periodically (at least yearly) check for wear and damage, including corrosion, stress cracks, frayed cables,
loose cable clamps, cable tightness, etc. and take necessary corrective actions.
•Periodically (at least yearly) check electrical ground connections.
WHILE EVERY ATTEMPT IS MADE TO EMBODY THE HIGHEST DEGREE OF SAFETY IN ALL CAMPBELL
SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTS, THE CUSTOMER ASSUMES ALL RISK FROM ANY INJURY RESULTING FROM IMPROPER
INSTALLATION, USE, OR MAINTENANCE OF TRIPODS, TOWERS, OR ATTACHMENTS TO TRIPODS AND TOWERS
SUCH AS SENSORS, CROSSARMS, ENCLOSURES, ANTENNAS, ETC.

Table of contents
1. Introduction 1
2. Precautions 1
3. Initial inspection 2
4. Overview 2
4.1 Antifreeze 2
4.1.1 Standard car or RV antifreeze is NOT recommended 3
4.2 Tipping bucket compatibility 3
5. Specifications 3
6. Installation 4
6.1 Siting 4
6.2 Mounting pole 5
6.3 CM270 installation 6
6.4 CS705-to-tipping bucket installation procedure 10
6.5 Data logger programming 13
7. Maintenance 13
8. References 14
Appendix A. MSDS for Campbell Scientific CS705 antifreeze 15
Table of Contents - i

1. Introduction
The CS705 Snowfall Adapter converts a TE525WS Texas Electronics Rain Gauge to a rain and
snow gauge. It consists of an antifreeze reservoir, overflow tube, and catch tube. Snow captured
in the catch tube dissolves into the antifreeze raising the overall level. The mixture flows through
the overflow tube into the tipping bucket where it is measured. A slot in the top of the overflow
tube prevents the tube from developing a siphon.
2. Precautions
lREAD AND UNDERSTAND the Safety section at the front of this manual.
lThe CS705 possesses inherent delays and is not suitable for real-time precipitation
measurements (see Overview (p. 2)).
lSince regular maintenance is required, choose a site that is easily accessible throughout the
winter.
lWear safety glasses and rubber or neoprene gloves while handling and pouring antifreeze.
lCampbell Scientific strongly recommends using antifreeze consisting of a 1:1 mixture of
propylene glycol and ethanol (PGE). MSDS for Campbell Scientific CS705 antifreeze (p. 15)
provides MSDS information for the PGE antifreeze offered by Campbell Scientific.
lAvoid using the antifreeze commonly used in cars or RVs. This antifreeze, which consists of
propylene glycol or ethylene glycol, increases the likelihood of ice bridging (see Antifreeze
(p. 2)).
lThe antifreeze/snowfall mixture needs to be captured from the tipping bucket gauge and
properly disposed of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations.
lThe CS705 should be removed and cleaned in the summer, and reinstalled before the
winter season.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 1

3. Initial inspection
lUpon receipt of the CS705, inspect the packaging and contents for damage. File damage
claims with the shipping company.
lImmediately check package contents against the shipping documentation. Contact
Campbell Scientific about any discrepancies.
4. Overview
The CS705 is manufactured by Campbell Scientific and is based on the paper “Measuring Winter
Precipitation with an Antifreeze-Based Tipping Bucket System” presented at the 1996 Western
Snow Conference (McCaughey and Farnes, 1996). The design possesses inherent delays and is
not suitable for real time precipitation measurements. Three design factors contribute to
measurement delays:
lair/antifreeze mixture temperature
lsurface tension in the overflow tube
lprecipitation form
All precipitation falling into the catch tube eventually flows through the overflow tube and is
measured by the tipping bucket gauge. A delay of minutes is expected for liquid precipitation so
long as a minimum volume of water (≈0.03 inches) is reached. A delay of several hours (up to
ten) is expected for snow. Lightest density snow at very cold temperatures has the longest delay.
The CS705 converts the TE525WS Texas Electronic Rain Gauge, into a year- round precipitation
gauge. The CS705 is intended for use only during winter. Like any sensor, optimum performance is
obtained by regular site visits. Any antifreeze-based precipitation gauge orifice is susceptible to
capping or snow bridging.
NOTE:
The CS705 is coated with a smooth black coating to minimize surface adhesion and maximize
solar loading, but snow bridging may still not occur.
4.1 Antifreeze
Campbell Scientific recommends a 1:1 mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol (PGE). PGE is
available from Campbell Scientific in a package of four, one-gallon containers. Antifreeze can
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 2

only be shipped in multiples of four gallons via UPS Ground and cannot be shipped outside of
the continental United States.
4.1.1 Standard car or RV antifreeze is NOT recommended
Standard car or RV antifreeze consists of propylene glycol or ethylene glycol, which have a
specific gravity >1. This allows a layer of water to sit on top of the antifreeze that may freeze and
form an ice cap that prevents snowfall from being dissolved into the solution. Mixing the
antifreeze with ethanol solves the specific gravity issue and prevents the ice cap. PGE is also more
environmentally friendly.
4.2 Tipping bucket compatibility
The CS705 is equipped with a specially sized cylinder that allows it to nest within the 8-inch orifice
of the TE525WS rain gauge. The CS705 cannot be directly used with other Campbell Scientific rain
gauges. However, the TE525 and TE525MM gauges can be converted to a TE525WS at Campbell
Scientific. Refer to the About this manual section in this manual for the steps required to return
equipment to Campbell Scientific.
5. Specifications
Construction:
Capacity:
Recommended antifreeze:
Antifreeze capacity:
Catch tube height:
Catch tube orifice:
Antifreeze reservoir height:
Antifreeze reservoir diameter:
Black powder coated aluminium
20.32 cm (8 in) of liquid @ –20°C operating temperature
(assuming 1:0 starting ratio of anti-freeze to water)
1:1 mixture of propylene glycol and ethanol (PGE)
≈9.5 L (2.5 gal)
25.4 cm (10 in)
20.3 cm (8 in) diameter
36 cm (14 in)
21 cm (8.25 in)
Total weight (CS705 + antifreeze): ≈9 kg (20 lb)
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 3

6. Installation
6.1 Siting
Choose a site that is easily accessible throughout the winter.
The CS705 Snowfall Adapter and associated rain gauge should be mounted in a relatively level
spot that is representative of the surrounding area. The lip of the funnel needs to be horizontal
and 76 cm (30 in) above the ground or higher to prevent burial by snow. The ground cover
around the gauge should be natural vegetation or gravel. Avoid mounting the gauge over
concrete or paved surfaces.
The under catch of winter precipitation by antifreeze-based gauges is directly related to wind
speed. Errors due to wind can be minimized by properly siting the gauge. The preferred gauge
site is in a natural well protected location. To ensure proper catch, an angle of 30° to 45° from a
vertical line drawn through the centre of the gauge orifice to the surrounding obstructions
should be maintained. FIGURE 6-1 (p. 4) illustrates the proper siting of a gauge.
Gauges sited improperly and subjected to high winds will under catch winter precipitation
generating erroneous data. An improperly sited gauge subjected to high winds can be damaged
by the wind.
FIGURE 6-1. Proper gauge siting
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 4

6.2 Mounting pole
A user-supplied mounting pole or Campbell Scientific CM300-series stainless-steel mounting
pole can be used to mount the CS705 away from the tripod or tower.
CM300-series poles can be embedded directly into a concrete foundation (FIGURE 6-2 (p. 5)) or
used with a pedestal kit. Campbell Scientific offers a j-bolt pedestal kit, a short-leg (23 in)
pedestal kit, and a long-leg (39 in) pedestal kit (see FIGURE 6-3 (p. 6)).
FIGURE 6-2. CM310 56-inch pole embedded in a concrete foundation
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 5

FIGURE 6-3. Pedestal kit options
6.3 CM270 installation
Tools needed:
lOpen end wrench, 7/16 inch open-ended wrench, or 7/16 inch socket wrench.
lLong #2 Phillips Screwdriver
Remove manufacturer’s mounting hardware:
1. Remove the three feet mounted on the bottom of the rain gauge.
2. Remove the side bracket, but keep the screws.
3. Place the side bracket screws into the rain gauge and tighten. This keeps debris out of
the threaded holes.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 6

Do the following to assemble the mounting bracket. FIGURE 6-4 (p. 8) and FIGURE 6-5 (p. 8)
show the bracket components and the proper assembly.
1. Remove the components from the shipping bag. To assemble the bracket, you will need
the bottom plate, V-shaped plate, S-shaped plate, three bolts, two levelling springs, and
cylindrical spacer. The bottom plate should come with three black nylon grommets
mounted into it, and the pole mounting hardware attached to it.
2. Place the levelling springs over the bottom plate’s side grommets.
3. Place the V-shaped plate onto the bottom plate. The V-shaped plate’s legs should be on
the levelling springs and the bubble level should be next to the pole-mounting hardware.
4. Use two bolts to secure the V-plate legs to the bottom plate (with the springs sandwiched
between the two plates). Initially finger tighten the bolts and then use a wrench to further
tighten them.
CAUTION:
Do not compress the springs at this time.
5. Place the cylindrical spacer on the bottom plate’s front grommet.
6. Place the S-shaped plate on the spacer and use the bolt to secure it to the bottom plate.
Initially finger tighten the bolt and then use a wrench to further tighten. Leave it a bit loose.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 7

FIGURE 6-4. Exploded view of the CM270 Mounting Bracket Kit
FIGURE 6-5. Two views of an assembled CM270
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 8

Do the following to mount the tipping bucket rain gauge to the CM270 bracket (FIGURE 6-6 (p. 9)):
NOTE:
Follow this procedure to ensure that the tipping bucket is mounted correctly. The adjustment
screws for the tipping mechanism will not be accessible if it is mounted incorrectly.
1. Turn the rain gauge upside down and set it on a hard surface such as a table top.
2. Place the drain funnel on the bottom of the bucket. Line up the small holes on the drain
funnel with the three holes used for the mounting feet. The larger holes on the drain funnel
should fit over the round bolt heads.
3. Place the mounting bracket on the funnel. Line up the three holes in the mounting bracket
with the three small holes on the funnel. When positioned correctly, the tipping bucket’s
cable will be near the bubble level and pole mounting hardware.
4. Use the three self-tapping screws and a long Phillips screwdriver to securely fasten the
mounting bracket to the funnel and tipping bucket.
5. Flip the assembly over and tighten the bolt that uses the cylindrical spacer. The bolts
securing the levelling springs need to remain loose to allow levelling when the bracket is
mounted to the pole or mast.
FIGURE 6-6. Mounting CM270 to the rain gauge
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 9

Attach the mounting bracket/tipping bucket assembly to the mounting pipe or mast:
1. Install and level the mounting pipe or mast.
2. Loosen the mounting bracket’s wingnuts and slide the assembly over the pipe. If necessary,
the pole mounting hardware can be removed to get the bolts around the pipe. If this is
necessary, to reassemble, put the mast clamp on first followed by the flat washer, lock
washer, and wingnut. See FIGURE 6-7 (p. 10).
3. Tighten the assembly onto the pipe, while ensuring that nothing is blocking the top of the
rain gauge.
4. Adjust the two bolts on the levelling springs until the bubble in the level is inside the
bullseye.
FIGURE 6-7. Exploded view of CM270 mounting hardware (TE525WS not shown)
6.4 CS705-to-tipping bucket installation
procedure
Equipment required:
lUser-supplied 0.5-inch (inner diameter) vinyl or Tygon tubing
lPail
lTE525WS Texas Electronics Rain Gauge
lCS705 Snowfall Adapter
lPGE antifreeze
lSmall band clamp
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 10

lLarge band clamp
lStorage mount
FIGURE 6-8. CS705 mounted to pole using the CM270 Mounting Kit
1. Take one of the black bands supplied with the CS705 and stretch over the TE525WS funnel
(see FIGURE 6-8 (p. 11) and FIGURE 6-9 (p. 12)).
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 11

FIGURE 6-9. CS705 exploded view
2. Insert the CS705 antifreeze reservoir into the rain gauge funnel.
CAUTION:
Wear safety glasses during handling and pouring of antifreeze.
3. Fill the reservoir with PGE antifreeze until a small amount flows out the overflow tube. The
reservoir holds ≈2.5 gallons.
4. Add ≈8 ounces of a low-freezing-point, environmentally-safe oil to the antifreeze
reservoir. This oil prevents the antifreeze solution from evaporating. The oil should cover
the entire liquid surface. Some unscented baby oils (lightweight mineral oil) work well.
5. Stretch the second black band over the lip of the antifreeze reservoir.
6. Insert the catch tube into the antifreeze reservoir.
7. Reposition the two black bands to cover the joints between the catch tube and the
antifreeze reservoir and between the reservoir and the rain gauge funnel.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 12

8. Fasten the catch tube of the CS705 to the mounting pole using the band clamps and
storage mount (see FIGURE 6-8 (p. 11)).
9. Place the pail below the rain gauge.
10. Connect one end of the tubing onto the funnel and place the other end of tubing in the
pail.
6.5 Data logger programming
Refer to the manual supplied with the TE525WS Texas Electronics Rain Gauge. The manual is
also available at www.campbellsci.eu/te525ws-l .
7. Maintenance
The CS705 requires regular site visits. The number of required visits mainly depends on snowfall.
Frequent or heavy snows require more site visits. During site visits, verify the slot in the top of the
overflow tube is free from ice or debris and remove any debris from the catch orifice. If the slot in
the overflow tube becomes plugged, the overflow tube may create a siphon and draw down the
antifreeze level.
The PGE solution gets diluted as precipitation is captured and mixed. Initially, the CS705 is
charged with a pure antifreeze mixture giving it a 1:0 antifreeze to water ratio. The ratio increases
to 1:1 with the equivalent of 8 inches of liquid, 1:2 with about 12.5 inches, and 1:3 with 16 inches.
The 1:1 solution becomes slushy at a temperature of ≈–35°C, the 1:2 solution becomes slushy at
≈–20°C, and the 1:3 solution at ≈–10°C (McGurk, 1992). Ratios greater than 1:3 are not
recommended. Refer to FIGURE 7-1 (p. 14) to determine the amount of remaining antifreeze
based on precipitation (water equivalent) recorded.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 13

FIGURE 7-1. Mix ratio versus precipitation received
The PGE antifreeze used in the CS705 is biodegradable and generally considered to be
environmentally safe. However, local laws, regulations, or policies may require the collection and
safe disposal of all antifreeze used in the CS705. The #14087 funnel should be installed with the
CM270 mounting kit and attached to user-supplied 0.5-inch (I.D.) vinyl or Tygon tubing that
drains into a user-supplied pail. Please dispose of all spent antifreeze solution in accordance with
local, state, and federal regulations.
The CS705 is recommended only for use during winter. It should be removed, cleaned, and
carefully stored after the last snowfall, then reinstalled prior to the first snowfall of the coming
winter.
8. References
McCaughey, W. and Farnes, P.: 1996, “Measuring Winter Precipitation with an Antifreeze-Based
Tipping Bucket System”, Proceedings 64th Western Snow Conference, 130-136.
McGurk, B.J.: 1992, “Propylene Glycol and Ethanol as a Replacement Antifreeze for Precipitation
Gauges: Dilution, Disposal, and Safety”, Proceedings 60th Western Snow Conference, 56-65.
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 14

Appendix A. MSDS for
Campbell Scientific CS705
antifreeze
Date Printed: 09-26-1997Page 1
Interstate Chemical Co.
MSDS for CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CS705 ANTIFREEZE 1899--
1 — Site Specific Information
Customer:
2 — Section I – General Information
MANUFACTURER’S NAME: Interstate Chemical Co.
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER: [phone]
CHEMTREC EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBER: [phone]
ADDRESS (NUMBER, STREET, CITY, STATE, ZIP): 2797 Freedland Rd.
Hermitage, Pa. 16148
CHEMICAL NAME AND SYNONYMS: CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC CS705 ANTIFREEZE
TRADE NAME AND SYNONYMS: Same as above.
CHEMICAL FAMILY: Solvent blend.
FORMULA: Mixture
DATE OF PREPARATION: 09/26/97
REVISION DATE: N/A
PREPARED BY: Erik S. Bielata, Chemist
ICC MSDS #: IC-00891
DISCLAIMER: All information contained in this data sheet is believed to be true and accurate at this time. However,
there is no guarantee expressed or implied. The physical data has been calculated from available information.
3 — Section II – Hazardous Ingredients
COMPONENT:
INTERSOL 84 200 PF.
1, 2 – PROPANEDIOL
CAS #:
MIXTURE
57-55-6
VOL %
<55%
<55%
TLV (units)
1000 ppm
N/A
CS705 Snowfall Adapter 15