Cenga Power BACKUP INVERTER User manual

BACKUP'INVERTER'/'BACKUP'INVERTER-120'
6kW$Backup$Inverter$(Split$Phase$120V/240V$and$Single$Phase$
120V)$$
User’s$Manual$
Version$1.0$
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Utility$+$Inverter$+$Charger$+$Transfer$Switch$+$Solar$Power$+$AGS$$

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Important$Safety$Information$........................................................................................................$3$
General$Safety$Precautions$........................................................................................................$3$
Precautions$When$Working$with$Batteries$................................................................................$3$
Introduction$...................................................................................................................................$4$
General$Information$...................................................................................................................$4$
Key$Features$...................................................................................................................................$5$
Electrical$Performance$...................................................................................................................$5$
Inverter$.......................................................................................................................................$5$
Topology$.................................................................................................................................$5$
AC$Charger$..................................................................................................................................$6$
De-sulfation$............................................................................................................................$8$
Transfer$......................................................................................................................................$8$
Auto$frequency$adjust$................................................................................................................$9$
Solar$Charger$..............................................................................................................................$9$
Maximum$Power$Point$Tracking$(MPPT)$Function$.................................................................$9$
Power$Saver$Mode$.....................................................................................................................$9$
Protections$...............................................................................................................................$10$
LED$Indicator$&$LCD$.................................................................................................................$10$
Audible$Alarm$...........................................................................................................................$11$
FAN$Operation$..........................................................................................................................$12$
DIP$Switches$.............................................................................................................................$12$
Other$features$..........................................................................................................................$13$
Conformal$Coating$...................................................................................................................$14$
Installation$....................................................................................................................................$14$
Location$....................................................................................................................................$14$
DC$Wiring$recommendation$.....................................................................................................$14$
AC$Wiring$..................................................................................................................................$14$
Troubleshooting$Guide$.................................................................................................................$15$
Warranty$......................................................................................................................................$17$
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Important!Safety!Information!
WARNING!'-'This'manual'contains'important'instructions'for'all'Inverter/Charger'models'that'
shall'be'followed'during'installation'and'maintenance'of'the'inverter.'
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General!Safety!Precautions!
1. Before$installing$and$using$the$BACKUP$INVERTER,$read$all$instructions$and$cautionary$
markings$on$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$and$all$appropriate$sections$of$this$guide.$Be$sure$to$
read$all$instructions$and$cautionary$markings$for$any$equipment$attached$to$this$unit.$
2. This$unit$is$designed$for$indoor$use$only.$Do$not$expose$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$to$rain,$
snow,$or$spray.$
3. To$reduce$risk$of$fire$hazard,$do$not$cover$or$obstruct$the$ventilation$openings.$Do$not$
install$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$in$a$zero-clearance$compartment.$Overheating$may$result.$
4. Use$only$attachments$recommended$or$sold$by$the$manufacturer.$Doing$otherwise$may$
result$in$a$risk$of$fire,$electric$shock,$or$injury$to$persons.$
5. To$avoid$a$risk$of$fire$and$electric$shock,$make$sure$that$existing$wiring$is$in$good$
condition$and$that$wire$is$not$undersized.$Do$not$operate$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$with$
damaged$or$substandard$wiring.$
6. Do$not$operate$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$if$it$has$received$a$sharp$blow,$been$dropped,$or$
otherwise$damaged$in$any$way.$If$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$damaged,$see$the$Warranty$
section.$
7. Do$not$disassemble$the$BACKUP$INVERTER.$It$contains$no$user-serviceable$parts.$$See$
Warranty$for$instructions$on$obtaining$service.$Attempting$to$service$the$BACKUP$
INVERTER$yourself$may$result$in$a$risk$of$electrical$shock$or$fire.$Internal$capacitors$
remain$charged$after$all$power$is$disconnected.$
8. The$BACKUP$INVERTER$contains$more$than$one$live$circuit$(batteries$and$AC$line).$Power$
may$be$present$at$more$than$one$source.$To$reduce$the$risk$of$electrical$shock,$
disconnect$both$AC$and$DC$power$from$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$before$attempting$any$
maintenance$or$cleaning$or$working$on$any$circuits$connected$to$the$BACKUP$INVERTER.$
Turning$off$controls$will$not$reduce$this$risk.$
9. Use$insulated$tools$to$reduce$the$chance$of$short-circuits$when$installing$or$working$
with$the$inverter,$the$batteries,$or$PV$array.$
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Precautions!When!Working!with!Batteries!
1. Make$sure$the$area$around$the$battery$is$well$ventilated.$
2. Never$smoke$or$allow$a$spark$or$flame$near$the$engine$or$batteries.$
3. Use$caution$to$reduce$the$risk$of$dropping$a$metal$tool$on$the$battery.$It$could$spark$or$
short$circuit$the$battery$or$other$electrical$parts$and$could$cause$an$explosion.$
4. Remove$all$metal$items,$like$rings,$bracelets,$and$watches$when$working$with$lead-acid$
batteries.$
5. Lead-acid$batteries$produce$a$short$circuit$current$high$enough$to$weld$metal$to$skin,$
causing$a$severe$burn.$
6. Have$someone$within$range$of$your$voice$or$close$enough$to$come$to$your$aid$when$you$

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work$near$a$lead-acid$battery.$
7. Have$plenty$of$fresh$water$and$soap$nearby$in$case$battery$acid$contacts$skin,$clothing,$
or$eyes.$
8. Wear$complete$eye$protection$and$clothing$protection.$Avoid$touching$your$eyes$while$
working$near$batteries.$
9. If$battery$acid$contacts$skin$or$clothing,$wash$immediately$with$soap$and$water.$If$acid$
enters$your$eye,$immediately$flood$it$with$running$cold$water$for$at$least$twenty$
minutes$and$get$medical$attention$immediately.$
10. If$you$need$to$remove$a$battery,$always$remove$the$grounded$terminal$from$the$battery$
first.$Make$sure$all$accessories$are$off$so$you$don’t$cause$a$spark.$
11. Always$use$identical$types$of$batteries.$
12. Never$install$old$or$untested$batteries.$Check$each$battery’s$date$code$or$label$to$ensure$
age$and$type.$
13. Batteries$are$temperature$sensitive.$For$optimum$performance,$the$should$be$installed$
in$a$stable$temperature$environment.$
14. Always$recycle$old$batteries.$Contact$your$local$recycling$center$for$proper$disposal$
information.$
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Introduction$
General!Information!
Thank$you$for$purchasing$the$BACKUP$INVERTER.$$The$BACKUP$INVERTER$Pure$Sine$Wave$
Inverter$is$a$combination$of$an$inverter,$charger,$solar$power$and$Auto-transfer$switch$into$one$
complete$system.$$It$is$packed$with$unique$features$and$it$is$one$of$the$most$advanced$
inverter/chargers$in$the$market$today.$$$
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The$inverter$features$an$AC$pass-through$circuit,$powering$your$home$appliances$from$utility$or$
generator$power$while$charging$the$battery.$When$utility$power$fails,$the$battery$backup$
system$keeps$your$appliances$powered$until$utility$power$is$restored.$$Internal$protection$
circuits$prevent$over-discharge$of$the$batteries$by$shutting$down$the$inverter$when$a$low$
battery$condition$occurs.$$When$utility$or$generator$power$is$restored,$the$inverter$transfers$to$
the$AC$source$and$recharges$the$batteries.$$$
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Accessories$allow$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$series$to$also$serve$as$a$central$hub$of$a$renewable$
energy$system.$$Setting$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$inverter$to$battery$priority$mode$designates$that$
the$load$power$is$normally$provided$by$the$inverter.$$However,$if$the$inverter$output$is$
interrupted,$an$internal$transfer$switch$automatically$transfers$the$load$from$the$inverter$to$
commercial$AC$power.$$The$transfer$time$between$inverter$and$line$is$short$(6ms$typical;$10ms$
max),$and$such$transfers$are$normally$not$detected$by$even$highly$sensitive$loads.$Upon$
restoration$of$inverter$power,$the$inverter$will$transfer$back$to$inverter$power.$$If$the$BACKUP$
INVERTER$is$set$to$line$priority$mode,$when$utility$AC$power$cuts$off$(or$falls$out$of$acceptable$
range),$the$transfer$relay$is$de-energized$and$the$load$is$automatically$transferred$to$the$

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Inverter$output.$$Once$the$qualified$AC$utility$is$restored,$the$relay$is$energized$and$the$load$is$
automatically$reconnected$to$AC$utility.$$$
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The$Inverter$also$features$power$factor$corrected,$sophisticated$multi-stage$charging$and$pure$
sine$wave$output$with$unprecedentedly$high$surge$capability$to$meet$demanding$power$needs$
of$inductive$loads$without$endangering$the$equipment.$$The$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$equipped$
with$a$powerful$40A$charger.$$The$overload$capacity$is$300%$of$continuous$output$for$up$to$20$
seconds$to$reliably$support$tools$and$equipment$longer$–$especially$loads$requiring$extra$power$
to$start-up$such$as$wells$and$other$motors.$$$
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Another$important$feature$is$that$the$inverter$can$be$easily$customized$to$Battery$priority$via$a$
DIP$switch,$this$helps$to$extract$maximum$power$from$the$batteries$in$renewable$energy$
systems.$$Thus,$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$suitable$for$Renewable$energy$system,$Utility,$RV,$
Marine$and$Emergency$backup$applications.$$To$get$the$most$out$of$the$power$inverter,$it$must$
be$installed,$used$and$maintained$properly.$$Please$read$the$instructions$in$this$manual$before$
installing$and$operating.$
Key!Features!
• Battery$Temperature$Sensor$(BTS)$(optional)$
• Automatic$Generator$Starting$(AGS)$(optional)$
• Supports$Advanced$Solar$Charging$with$an$Integrated$MPPT$Charger$
• Designed$to$Operate$in$Harsh$Environments$
• DC$Start$&$Automatic$Self-Diagnostic$Functions$
• Compatible$with$Both$Linear$&$Non-Linear$Loads$
• Easy$to$Install$&$Easy$to$Operate$&$Easy$to$Troubleshoot$
• Powerful$Charge$Rate$Up$to$40$Amps,$Selectable$From$0%-100%$
• High$Efficiency$Design$&$“Power$Saving$Mode”$to$Conserve$Energy$
• Innovative$Battery$Priority$Mode$Designates$the$Preferred$Operating$Configuration$
• Low$Voltage$Battery$Recover$Point,$Perfect$for$Renewable$Energy$Systems$
• 8$Pre-Set$Battery$Type$Selectors$plus$De-sulfation$for$Totally$Depleted$Batteries$
• 4-step$Intelligent$Battery$Charging$with$Power$Factor$Correction$for$Charger$
• 6ms$(10ms$max)$Transfer$Time$Between$Utility$&$Battery$Guarantees$Power$Continuity$
• 15s$Delay$Before$Transfer$when$AC$Resumes$Provides$Protection$for$Loads$when$Used$
with$Generators$
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Electrical!Performance!
Inverter!
Topology!
The$Backup$Inverter$is$built$according$to$the$following$topology.$
• Inverter:$Full$Bridge$Topology.$

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• AC$Charger:$Isolate$Boost$Topology$
• Solar$Charger:$MPPT$PV$Controller$
Because$of$the$heavy-duty,$high$quality$design,$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$able$to$produce$a$pure$
sine$wave$suitable$for$all$types$of$electrical$loads$–$from$motors$to$sensitive$electronics$
equipment.$The$peak$efficiency$of$the$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$88%.$
Overload$Capacity$
The$BACKUP$INVERTER$has$different$overload$capacities,$making$it$ideal$to$handle$demanding$
loads.$
• For$110%<Load<125%(±10%),$no$audible$alarm$in$14$minutes,$beeps$0.5s$every$1s$in$the$
15th$minute,$and$Fault(Turn$off)$after$the$15th$minute.$
• For$125%<Load<150%(±10%),$beeps$0.5s$every$1s$and$Fault$(Turn$off)$after$the$1$
minute.$
• For$300%
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Load>150%(±10%),$beeps$0.5s$every$1s$and$Fault$(Turn$off)$after$20s.$
AC!Charger!
The$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$equipped$with$an$active$PFC$(Power$Factor$Corrected)$multistage$
battery$charger.$The$PFC$feature$is$used$to$control$the$amount$of$power$used$to$charge$the$
batteries$in$order$to$obtain$a$power$factor$as$close$as$possible$to$1.$
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Unlike$other$inverters$whose$max$charging$current$decreases$according$to$the$input$AC$voltage,$
the$BACKUP$INVERTER$charger$is$able$to$output$max$current$as$long$as$input$AC$voltage$is$in$
the$range$of$164-243VAC$(95-127VAC$for$120V$model),$and$AC$frequency$is$in$the$range$of$48$-$
54Hz$(58-64Hz$for$60Hz$model).$
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The$BACKUP$INVERTER$is$equipped$with$a$strong$charging$current$of$40A,$and$the$max$charge$
current$can$be$adjusted$from$0%-100%$via$a$liner$switch$at$the$right$of$the$battery$type$
selector.$This$will$be$helpful$if$you$are$using$our$powerful$charger$on$a$small$capacity$battery$
bank.$The$linear$switch$can$effectively$reduce$the$max$charging$current$to$20%$of$its$peak.$
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Choosing$“0”$in$the$battery$type$selector$will$disable$the$charging$function.$
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There$are$3$main$charging$stages:$
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Bulk'Charging:$$This$is$the$initial$stage$of$charging.$$While$Bulk$Charging,$the$charger$supplies$
the$battery$with$controlled$constant$current.$$The$charger$will$remain$in$Bulk$charge$until$the$
Absorption$charge$voltage$(determined$by$the$Battery$Type$selection)$is$achieved.$$A$software$
timer$will$measure$the$time$from$AC$start$until$the$battery$charger$reaches$0.3V$below$the$
boost$voltage.$
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Absorb'Charging:$$This$is$the$second$charging$stage$and$begins$after$the$absorb$voltage$has$
been$reached.$$Absorb$Charging$provides$the$batteries$with$a$constant$voltage$and$reduces$the$
DC$charging$current$in$order$to$maintain$the$absorb$voltage$setting.$$In$this$period,$the$inverter$
will$start$a$T1$timer;$the$charger$will$keep$the$boost$voltage$in$Boost$CV$mode$until$the$T1$timer$

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has$run$out.$Then$drop$the$voltage$down$to$the$float$voltage.$The$timer$has$a$minimum$time$of$
1$hour$and$a$maximum$time$of$12$hours.$
Float'Charging:$The$third$charging$stage$occurs$at$the$end$of$the$Absorb$Charging$time.$$While$
Float$charging,$the$charge$voltage$is$reduced$to$the$float$charge$voltage$(determined$by$the$
Battery$Type$selection).$$In$this$stage,$the$batteries$are$kept$fully$charged$and$ready$if$needed$
by$the$inverter.$
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If$the$AC$power$is$reconnected$or$the$battery$voltage$drops$below$48Vdc,$the$charger$will$reset$
the$cycle$above.$If$the$charge$maintains$the$float$state$for$10$days,$the$charger$will$deliberately$
reset$the$cycle$to$protect$the$battery.$
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Figure'1:'Battery'Charging'Process
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Figure'2:'Battery'Type'Selector'
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De-sulfation!
The$de-sulfation$cycle$on$switch$position$8$is$marked$in$red$because$this$is$a$very$dangerous$
setting$if$you$do$not$know$what$you$are$doing.$Before$ever$attempting$to$use$this$cycle$you$
must$clearly$understand$what$it$does$and$when$and$how$you$would$use$it.$$Sulfation$can$occur$
with$infrequent$use$of$the$batteries,$or$if$the$batteries$have$been$left$discharged$so$low$that$
they$will$not$accept$a$charge.$This$cycle$is$a$very$high$voltage$charge$cycle$designed$to$try$to$
break$down$the$sulfated$crust$that$is$preventing$the$plates$taking$a$charge$and$thus$allow$the$
plates$to$clean$up$and$so$accept$charge$once$again.$
Charging'depleted'batteries:$$The$BACKUP$INVERTER$inverter$allows$start-up$and$through$
power$with$fully$depleted$batteries.$$After$the$battery$bank$voltage$goes$below$40V,$if$the$
switch$is$still$(and$has$always)$kept$in$"ON"$position,$the$inverter$is$continuously$connected$
with$battery,$and$the$battery$bank$voltage$does$not$drop$below$32V,$the$inverter$will$be$able$to$
charge$the$battery$once$qualified$AC$inputs$are$present.$
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Before$the$battery$voltage$goes$below$36VDC,$the$charging$can$be$activated$when$the$switch$is$
turned$to$“Off”,$then$to$“ON”.$$When$the$voltage$goes$below$36VDC,$and$you$accidently$turn$
the$switch$to$OFF$or$disconnect$the$inverter$from$battery,$the$inverter$will$not$be$able$to$
charge$the$battery$once$again,$because$the$CPU$loses$memory$during$this$process.$$$
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AC'Charging'Current:$$The$Inverter$has$an$AC$charging$current$of$40A$(+/-$5A).$$The$charging$
capacity$will$go$to$peak$in$around$3$seconds.$This$may$cause$a$generator$to$drop$frequency,$
making$the$inverter$transfer$to$battery$mode.$$It$is$suggested$to$gradually$put$charging$load$on$
the$generator$by$switching$the$charging$switch$from$min$to$max,$together$with$the$15s$switch$
delay,$the$inverter$gives$the$generator$enough$time$to$spin$up.$This$will$depend$on$the$size$of$
the$generator$and$rate$of$charge.
Transfer!
While$in$Standby$Mode,$the$AC$input$is$continually$monitored$by$the$Inverter.$$Whenever$AC$
power$falls$below$the$VAC$Trip$voltage$(90VAC$for$each$120VAC$phase),$the$inverter$
automatically$transfers$back$to$the$Invert$Mode$with$minimum$interruption$to$your$appliances$-$
as$long$as$the$inverter$is$turned$on.$The$transfer$from$Standby$mode$to$Inverter$mode$occurs$in$
approximately$6$ms$(10ms$max).$$The$transfer$time$is$the$same$from$Inverter$mode$to$Standby$
mode.$
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Though$it$is$not$designed$as$a$computer$UPS$system,$this$transfer$time$is$usually$fast$enough$to$
keep$sensitive$electronics$equipment$powered$up.$
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There$is$a$15-second$delay$from$the$time$the$inverter$senses$that$continuously$qualified$AC$is$
present$at$the$input$terminals$to$when$the$transfer$is$made.$This$delay$is$built$in$to$provide$
time$for$a$generator$to$spin-up$to$a$stable$voltage$and$avoid$relay$chattering.$The$inverter$will$
not$transfer$to$generator$until$it$has$locked$onto$the$generator’s$output.$This$delay$is$also$
designed$to$avoid$frequent$switching$when$input$power$is$unstable.$

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Auto!frequency!adjust!
The$inverter$is$equipped$with$an$Auto$Frequency$adjust$function.$$The$factory$default$
configuration$for$220/230/240VAC$inverter$is$50Hz,$and$60Hz$for$100/110/120VAC$inverter.$$
While$the$output$frequency$can$be$easily$changed$once$a$qualified$frequency$is$applied$to$the$
inverter.$$If$you$want$to$get$60Hz$from$a$50Hz$inverter,$just$input$60Hz$power,$and$the$inverter$
will$automatically$adjust$the$output$frequency$to$60Hz$and$vice$versa.$
Solar!Charger!
NOTE:$The$optional$battery$temperature$sensor$automatically$adjusts$the$charging$process$of$
the$controller$according$to$the$type$of$battery$that$is$selected$by$user$through$battery$type$
selector.$With$the$battery$temperature$sensor$installed,$the$controller$will$increase$or$decrease$
the$battery$charging$voltage$depending$on$the$temperature$of$the$battery$to$optimize$the$
charge$to$the$battery$and$maintain$optional$performance$of$the$battery.$
Maximum!Power!Point!Tracking!(MPPT)!Function!
Maximum$Power$Point$Tracking,$frequently$referred$to$as$MPPT,$is$an$electronic$system$that$
operates$the$Photovoltaic$(PV)$modules$in$a$manner$that$allows$the$modules$to$produce$all$the$
power$they$are$capable$of.$
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The$advanced$Charge$controller$is$a$microprocessor-based$system$designed$to$implement$the$
MPPT$and$can$increase$charge$current$up$to$30%$or$more$compared$to$traditional$charge$
controllers.$$The$qualified$DC$input$volt$range$is$55v-110VDC.$$If$the$voltage$falls$out$of$this$
range,$the$charger$will$not$work$properly.$Special$attention$should$be$paid$to$this$when$
configuring$the$solar$array.$
Power!Saver!Mode!
There$are$3$different$working$status$for$PE$inverter:$“Power$Saver$Auto”,$“Power$Saver$Off”,$
and$“Power$Off”.$$When$power$switch$is$in$“Unit$Off”$position,$the$inverter$is$powered$off.$$
When$power$switch$is$turned$to$either$of$“Power$Saver$Auto”$or$“Power$Saver$Off”,$the$
inverter$is$powered$on.$$$
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Power$saver$mode$is$designed$to$conserve$battery$power$when$AC$power$is$not$or$rarely$
required$by$the$loads.$$In$this$mode,$the$inverter$pulses$the$AC$output$looking$for$an$AC$load$
(i.e.,$electrical$appliance).$Whenever$an$AC$load$(greater$than$25$watts)$is$turned$on,$the$
inverter$recognizes$the$need$for$power$and$automatically$starts$inverting$and$output$goes$to$
full$voltage.$$When$there$is$no$load$(or$less$than$25$watts)$detected,$the$inverter$automatically$
goes$back$into$search$mode$to$minimize$energy$consumption$from$the$battery$bank.$$In$“Power$
saver$on”$mode,$the$inverter$will$draw$power$mainly$in$sensing$moments,$thus$the$idle$
consumption$is$significantly$reduced.$
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The$inverter$is$factory$defaulted$to$detect$load$for$250ms$every$30$seconds.$This$cycle$can$be$
customized$to$3$seconds$by$turning$SW3$on$the$DIP$switch.$

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When$in$the$search$sense$mode,$the$green$power$LED$will$blink$and$the$inverter$will$make$a$
ticking$sound.$$At$full$output$voltage,$the$green$power$LED$will$light$steadily$and$the$inverter$
will$make$a$steady$humming$sound.$When$the$inverter$is$used$as$an$“uninterruptible”$power$
supply$the$search$sense$mode$or$“Power$Saver$On”$function$should$be$defeated.$
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Exceptions:$$Some$devices$when$scanned$by$the$load$sensor$cannot$be$detected.$Small$
fluorescent$lights$are$the$most$common$example.$(Try$altering$the$plug$polarity$by$turning$the$
plug$over.)$Some$computers$and$sophisticated$electronics$have$power$supplies$that$do$not$
present$a$load$until$line$voltage$is$available.$When$this$occurs,$each$unit$waits$for$the$other$to$
begin.$To$drive$these$loads$either$a$small$companion$load$must$be$used$to$bring$the$inverter$
out$of$its$search$mode,$or$the$inverter$may$be$programmed$to$remain$at$full$output$voltage.$
Protections!
The$BACKUP$INVERTER$inverter$is$equipped$with$extensive$protections$against$various$harsh$
situations/faults.$$These$protections$include:$
• AC$Input$over$voltage$protection/AC$Input$low$voltage$protection$
• Low$battery$alarm/High$battery$alarm$
• Over$temperature$protection/Over$load$protection$
• Short$Circuit$protection$(1s$after$fault)$
• Back$feeding$protection$
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When$Over$temperature$/Over$load$occur,$after$the$fault$is$cleared,$the$master$switch$has$to$be$
reset$to$restart$the$inverter.$
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The$Low$battery$voltage$trip$point$can$be$customized$from$defaulted$value$10VDC$to$10.5VDC$
thru$the$SW1$on$the$DIP$switch.$
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The$inverter$will$go$to$Over$temp$protection$when$the$heat$sink$temp.$≥105ºC,$and$it$will$go$to$
Fault$(shutdown$the$output)$after$30$seconds.$The$switch$has$to$be$reset$to$reactivate$the$
inverter.$
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The$Inverter$has$back-feeding$protection$which$avoids$presenting$an$AC$voltage$on$the$AC$
input$terminal$in$Invert$mode.$
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Note:''After'the'reason'for'fault'is'cleared,'the'inverter'has'to'be'reset'to'start'working.'
LED!Indicator!&!LCD!
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