Danville Signal Processing dspstak 21262sx User manual

Danville Signal Processing, Inc.
dspstak™ 21262sx
User Manual
Version 1.10

Danville Signal Processing, Inc.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual
Copyright © 2004 Danville Signal Processing, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the USA.
Under the copyright laws, this manual may not be reproduced in any form without prior written
permission from Danville Signal Processing, Inc.
Danville Signal Processing, Inc. strives to deliver the best product to our customers. As part of this
goal, we are constantly trying to improve our products. Danville Signal Processing, Inc., therefore,
reserves the right to make changes to product specification or documentation without prior notice.
Updated operating manuals and product specification sheets are available at our website for
downloading.
This manual may contain errors, omissions or “typo’s”. Please send your comments, suggestions and
corrections to:
Danville Signal Processing, Inc.
38570 100th Avenue
Cannon Falls, MN 55009-5534
Trademark Notice
dspstak is a trademark of Danville Signal Processing, Inc. VisualDSP++, EZ-Kit and SHARC are
trademarks of Analog Devices, Inc. CyberClocks is a trademark of Cypress Semiconductor
Corporation. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
Contact Information
Danville Signal Processing, Inc.
38570 100th Avenue
Cannon Falls, MN 55009
E-mail: [email protected]
Web Site: http://www.danvillesignal.com
Voice: 507-263-5854
Fax: [phone]
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 2

Table of Contents
Overview ..........................................................................5
Introducing dspstak™.............................................................................5
dspstak™ 21262sx .................................................................................5
Introduction...........................................................................................6
Hardware Description......................................................7
Power Supply ........................................................................................7
RS-232 Interface ....................................................................................8
USB Interface.........................................................................................9
Interconnect Port ...................................................................................9
Programmable Clocks ............................................................................9
JTAG Emulation Port ............................................................................10
dspstak™ 21262sx Architecture .....................................10
Hardware – ADSP-21262 Core ............................................................10
DAI......................................................................................................10
Parallel Port .........................................................................................13
SPI Port................................................................................................14
Programming the dspstak™ 21262sx.............................15
Programming Modes............................................................................15
Configuration Jumpers .........................................................................16
Programming the Clock – Mode 7........................................................16
Uploading Programs – Mode 6.............................................................18
Peripheral Microcontroller API ......................................21
Command Summary............................................................................21
System Commands ..............................................................................22
Com Port Commands ..........................................................................25
EE Memory Commands........................................................................27
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 3

USB & PLD Registers......................................................29
Addressing USB & PLD Registers..........................................................29
PLD Output & USB Status Registers .....................................................29
Memory Map.......................................................................................30
USB Port..............................................................................................30
PLD Output Registers...........................................................................32
Software..........................................................................34
Schematic .......................................................................34
Mechanical Drawings.....................................................34
Product Warranty ...........................................................35
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 4

Overview
DSP-based embedded applications often take the form of a digital signal processing engine coupled
with a specialized data conversion and signal conditioning front end. The front end electronics and
the DSP are almost always connected via high speed serial ports and the general purpose I/O ports
of the DSP. In most cases, once the local memory and peripheral interfacing needs of the DSP are
fulfilled, the DSP’s data and address busses are no longer needed.
Standardized bus architectures such as PC/104, PCI and cPCI are all based on communicating via
each board’s data and address bus, while ignoring the needs of the most DSP / data conversion
interfaces.
Introducing dspstak™
Danville’s dspstak modules are designed to simplify DSP-based embedded applications. Generally,
each dspstak consists of two modules: a DSP Engine, and a signal conditioning/data conversion I/O
Module. The Interconnect Port consists of SPORTs (high speed serial ports), SPI, general I/O, clocks
and power connections.
DSP Engine modules generally consist of a DSP processor, memory, power supplies and standard
digital I/O such as RS-232 and USB. We currently have products based on Analog Devices’ SHARC®
processors.
The I/O Modules may include signal conditioning electronics, A/D and/or D/A data converters,
audio transceivers, unique connectors and a plethora of other special front end requirements. Since
the I/O Module is separate from the DSP Engine Module, custom interfaces can be created quickly
and inexpensively. Danville has a number of standard I/O Modules and often is willing to create a
new one based on customer request. You can also create your own.
dspstak™ 21262sx
This manual covers the dspstak 21262sx DSP Engine and is complemented by the dspstak Family
Users Manual. The family manual covers topics that all dspstaks have in common. You will want to
review the family manual for mechanical dimensions, system configurations, basic connector
specifications, etc.
The dspstak 21262sx manual covers topics that are relevant to the specific implementation of the
dspstak 21262sx DSP Engine. You will also need the Analog Devices’ ADSP-2126x SHARC DSP
Core and Peripheral manuals. These manuals can be downloaded from the Analog Devices web
site. Links to these manuals and other resources are found on our web site at
http://www.danvillesignal.com/index.php?id=dspdev_links
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 5

Intended Audience
The dspstak 21262sx is intended for DSP systems integrators, designers and programmers who may
wish to integrate a dspstak into their products. This manual is primarily aimed at users who have a
working knowledge of microcomputer technology and DSP related design. We assume that you are
familiar with the Analog Devices ADSP-21262 SHARC DSP.
Introduction
The dspstak™ 21262sx is a high performance digital signal processing engine based on the Analog
Devices ADSP-21262 SHARC DSP. The ADSP-21262 supports 32 bit fixed point and 32/40 bit
floating point formats with SIMD instructions running at up to 200 MHz. This translates to a peak
computation rate of 1.2 GFLOPS. The ADSP-21262 also includes very flexible peripherals including
six independent serial ports (SPORTs) and a SPI port. The dspstak 21262sx Interconnect Port
supports the complete DAI interface, SPI, general I/O, clocks and power connections.
The dspstak 21262sx also includes USB and RS-232 ports for easy interfacing to the outside world.
It also has a JTAG interface to facilitate program development.
The dspstak 21262sx includes the following items:
Hardware:
• dspstak 21262sx board
Documents & Programs (CD):
• This Manual
• dspstak Family User Manual
• CAD footprints (Gerber & Protel 99SE formats)
• Free Terminal Program – Tera Term Pro
• USB Device Driver
Firmware (CD):
• Flash Bootloader
• Sample Programs
W e recommend that you have the following tools and documents:
• Analog Devices VisualDSP++™ for SHARC®
• BeastRider Debugger for the 2126x or ADI JTAG ICE
• Danville JTAG adapter kit
• Analog Devices ADSP-2126x SHARC® DSP Core Manual
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 6

• Analog Devices ADSP-2126x SHARC® DSP Peripherals Manual
• Analog Devices ADSP-21262S Product Data Sheet
• Cypress Semiconductor CyberClocks™
Our website (www.danvillesignal.com) has downloads and links to other supplementary tools and
documents.
Hardware Description
The dspstak 21262sx includes all dspstak DSP Engine standard features. These features are
discussed in a general way in the dspstak Family Users Manual and are as follows:
• Power Supply
• RS-232 Interface
• USB Interface
• Interconnect Port
• Programmable Clock
• JTAG Header
Each of these areas is discussed in more detail in this manual.
If you are creating your own I/O Modules, you may want to restrict your design to rely only on the
standard features. This will insure that your I/O Modules are compatible with future dspstak DSP
Engines. On the other hand, if you want to take advantage of the increased capabilities of the
dspstak 21262sx, you may want to disregard some of the restrictions. In general, you can assume
that future dspstak DSP Engines based on the 3rd generation SHARC family will support the
Interconnect Port in a manner similar to the dspstak 21262sx.
Power Supply
The dspstak 21262sx uses a standard 2.1/5.5mm coaxial power jack to provide power to itself and
also any I/O modules via the Interconnect Port. From the dspstak 21262sx view, this supply may be
either an AC supply or a DC supply with the center of the coaxial power plug connected as the
positive pin. Adjacent to the coaxial jack, there are 3 pads spaced at 0.100 inch that may be used
as an alternative connection to provide a bipolar DC supply to the board. These pads are labeled
JH6 and can accommodate a .025 header or similar connector. This alternate connection method
is not standard in earlier dspstak DSP Engines but will be standard in future products.
The incoming voltage is half wave rectified to create new unregulated DC supplies called Va+ and
Va-. An additional internal supply is also created to provide the input to switching regulators that
are used for digital supplies. From these unregulated supplies, Va+5 (5.0 Volt Analog), Vd+5 (5
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 7

Volt Digital) and Vd+3.3 (3.3V Digital) are created and made available to the I/O Modules via the
Interconnect Port. The DSP Core voltage, Vd+1.2 is also created via a switching power supply.
The dspstak 21262sx DSP Engine does not use Va+, Va+5 or Va-. These supplies are available to
I/O Modules. If the I/O Module does not need a negative supply, you can power the dspstak
21262sx with only a positive DC power supply. The recommended input voltages are 9 VAC or 9 to
15VDC. Since switching regulators are used for the digital supplies, the input voltage is not critical.
In all cases, the DC supply or an unregulated DC supply created from an incoming AC supply
should be less than 20VDC. This will protect both the DSP Engine and probably the components on
the I/O Module.
One final thing to remember: The nominal output voltage of a wall adapter is usually much lower
than its actual output voltage. We recommend that unregulated DC wall adapters should have an
maximum nominal voltage of 12VDC.
RS-232 Interface
The RS-232 interface is used to upload user application programs and to program the clock
generator in the command mode. An application program may also use the RS-232 interface for its
own purposes. The RS-232 port is provided by a dedicated microcontroller that also has other
functions on the dspstak 21262sx. These functions are all available via the SPI port of the DSP. The
API for these functions is described in the Software Section of this manual. There are also software
examples on calling these functions on the CD.
The RS-232 interface is configured as a DCE (Data Communications Equipment) device. It uses a
DB-9F connector that is designed to mate without crossover connections to the DB-9M connector
found on PC compatible computers. Connections are defined in the following table:
Signal Direction Pin Notes
DCD 1 DCD, DTR & DSR are connected together
RD DCE -> DTE 2
TD DTE -> DCE 3
DTR 4 DCD, DTR & DSR are connected together
SIGNAL GND 5
DSR 6 DCD, DTR & DSR are connected together
RTS DTE -> DCE 7 Not currently supported
CTS DCE -> DTE 8 Not currently supported
RI 9 NC
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 8

When the dspstak 21262sx is programmed using the RS-232 interface, only RD & TD are used.
DTR, DSR & DCD are simply connected together and ignored by the dspstak.
The dspstak 21262sx supports standard bauds of 9600, 19.2k, 38.4k, 57.6k, 115.2k and 230.4k.
The expected protocol is No parity, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, (N:8:1).
USB Interface
The USB interface is another way that programs may be uploaded to the dspstak. Unlike most
Analog Devices EZ-Kit development boards, the USB interface is also available for user applications.
A device driver is included with the dspstak 21262sx to support Windows 2000 & Windows XP
applications. The USB connection is made via a standard USB type B connector.
Interconnect Port
The Interconnect Port is the only standard connection between the DSP Engine and I/O Modules.
This port is described in detail in the dspstak Family Users Manual and the DAI section of this
manual.
Programmable Clocks
The dspstak 21262sx has a very flexible clock configuration. A user reprogrammable clock generator
provides the DSP clock and three I/O clocks that are available on the Interconnect Port. The three
programmable clocks on the Interconnect Port allow I/O Modules to use convenient clocks for
whatever devices that might be present. For example, an ADC might use an 18.432 MHz MCLK to
sample at 96k or a 19.6608 MHz MCLK to sample at 102.4k. In addition to the on-board
programmable clock, the DSP clock can also be provided externally by a dspstak I/O Module.
The dspstak 21262sx uses a Cypress Semiconductor CY22393 flash programmable clock generator.
This device has three PLLs which when combined with the reference oscillator can create four
independent clock frequencies. Cypress has a program called CyberClocks on their web site
(www.cypress.com) that you can use to create a JEDEC file to reprogram the clock chip. There are
support functions that allow this file to be uploaded via the RS-232 port. Since reprogramming
certain clocks could make the RS-232 port inoperable, the dspstak DSP Engine filters these
parameters from the JEDEC file to automatically protect the DSP Engine from unfortunate
modifications. Details on programming the clock are in the Programming the dspstak 21262sx
section of this manual.
In many cases, the factory default settings are appropriate and no changes are ever necessary.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 9

JTAG Emulation Port
The dspstak 21262sx has a right angle JTAG connector (JH3) mounted on the lower edge of the pcb
assembly. This connector is assessable even when a dspstak I/O Module is positioned above the
dspstak 21262sx.
Danville JTAG connectors are smaller than the standard ADI recommended JTAG header.
The Danville JTAG connector is a male 16 pin, 2mm dual row header. Each pin directly
corresponds to the same pins on the Analog Devices header. The remaining pins (15&16) are
assigned to Vd+3.3. The extra power supply pins allow you to power a buffer in a system that has
many JTAG devices. A JTAG adapter kit is available from Danville to convert the 2mm header to the
0.100 header used by the Analog Devices and BeastRider emulators.
It is our experience that the ADSP-21262 JTAG port is sensitive to noise. You should place 2mm
jumpers across pins 5&6 (TMS), 7&8 (TCK) and 9&10 (TRST) when you are not using the port.
dspstak™ 21262sx Architecture
Hardware – ADSP-21262 Core
The heart of the dspstak 21262sx is an Analog Devices ADSP-21262 DSP. This manual does not
discuss the internal workings of this DSP, the assembly language and other details specific to this
DSP. You should refer to the fore mentioned ADI documents for this information. The ADSP-21262
has several important peripherals that we will expand on as they relate to the dspstak 21262sx.
They are as follows:
• Digital Audio Interface (DAI)
• Parallel Port
• SPI Interface
DAI
The DAI is comprised of a group of peripherals including the SPORTs and a signal routing unit.
There are 20 pins on the DSP that connect the DAI to the outside world. All 20 DAI pins are
available on the Interconnect Port. Sixteen of these pins are connected to lines that are defined as
SPORT pins on the Interconnect Port. One pin is assigned as the IRQ input and the remaining three
pins are shared with the auxiliary I/O and SPI Slave Select lines. If you are mapping the DAI to use
standard dspstak I/O Modules, the definitions are restrictive to allow dspstak DSP Engines with less
sophisticated I/O to work with these I/O Modules as well. If you are designing your own dspstak I/O
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 10

Module, then you may map the DAI any way you want on the Interconnect Port. We expect that
future dspstak DSP Engines will also have DAI mapped connections routed to the same connections
on the Interconnect Port.
Here are the DAI to Interconnect Port Mappings:
Row A&C B Name 21262sx Notes
1 * * AGND Analog Ground
2 * * Va+ Unregulated Positive Analog Supply
3 * * Va- Unregulated Negative Analog Supply
4 * * Va+5 Regulated Analog +5.0 Volt Supply
5 * * AGND Analog Ground
6 * * Vd+5 Digital 5.0 Volt Supply
7 * * Vd+3.3 Digital 3.3 Volt Supply
8 * * DGND Digital Ground – Main Return
9 * LED0 PLD 3.3V Digital Output
9 * LED1 PLD 3.3V Digital Output
10 * LED2 PLD 3.3V Digital Output
10 * LED3 PLD 3.3V Digital Output
11 * LED4 PLD 3.3V Digital Output
11 * IO5 (#SPISS1) DAI 2 (IO5 is alternate function with #SPISS1)
12 * IO6 (#SPISS2) DAI 3 (IO6 is alternate function with #SPISS2)
12 * IO7 (#SPISS3) DAI 1 (IO7 is alternate function with #SPISS3)
13 * #SPI_SS PLD Primary SPI Slave Select
13 * SPICLK SPI Clock – DSP Engine is Master
14 * SPISO SPI Serial Out (MISO)
14 * SPISI SPI Serial In (MOSI)
15 * IRQ DAI 4
15 * #RESET PLD
16 * SYSCLKIN External DSP Clock Input
16 * SYSCLKOUT Programmable clock
17 * Vd+3.3 SPORT 0 – Full Duplex
17 * GND
18 * DRA0 DAI 5
18 * DTA0 DAI 6
19 * GND
19 * MCLK0 Programmable Clock
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 11

Row A&C B Name Notes
20 * RFS0 DAI 7
20 * TFS0 DAI 8
21 * RCLK0 DAI 9
21 * TCLK0 DAI 10
22 * #RESET0 PLD
22 * GND
23 * DTB0 DAI 11
23 * DRB0 DAI 12
24 * GND
24 * Vd+3.3
25 * Vd+3.3 SPORT 1 – Full Duplex
25 * GND
26 * DRA1 DAI 13
26 * DTA1 DAI 14
27 * GND
27 * MCLK1 Programmable Clock
28 * RFS1 DAI 15
28 * TFS1 DAI 16
29 * RCLK1 DAI 17
29 * TCLK1 DAI 18
30 * #RESET1 PLD
30 * GND
31 * DTB1 DAI 19
31 * DRB1 DAI 20
32 * GND
32 * Vd+3.3
* LEDs, IO5-7, SPI_SSs, DAI 1-3 Enable, & Resets are controlled by the PLD Registers
Refer to the dspstak Family Users Manual for general Interconnect Port information. The USB &
PLD Register section of this manual describes the software interface to those pins mapped by the
PLD.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 12

Parallel Port
The Parallel Port is connected to two major components, the USB Port and a PLD that is used to
create and manage much of the dspstak’s I/O ports. In addition, the Parallel Port is brought out to a
30 pin 2mm female dual row header (JH2).
You can use JH2 to expand to your own Parallel Port devices provided you consider a few simple
points. They are as follows:
• The port can be configured for either 8 bit or 16 bit operation but AD15 must select a low
address (A23 or A15 = 0)
• A low profile board will fit between the dspstak 21262sx and an I/O Module.
• A special 2mm male header can be used to connect from a dspstak I/O Module to JH2 but
there is no guarantee that another dspstak DSP Engine will be compatible. Samtec is a
supplier for this type of connector.
JH2 Pinout
Pin Name Pin Name Pin Name
1 GND 11 AD1 21 AD11
2 GND 12 AD0 22 AD10
3 Vd+3.3 13 #WR 23 AD9
4 Vd+3.3 14 #RD 24 AD8
5 AD7 15 #RESET 25 GND
6 AD6 16 ALE 26 CLKOUT
7 AD5 17 AD15 27 Vd+3.3
8 AD4 18 AD14 28 Vd+3.3
9 AD3 19 AD13 29 GND
10 AD2 20 AD12 30 GND
The two onboard components, the USB port and the PLD are both mapped into the upper address
space of the Parallel Port. These devices assume that the interface is configured as a 16 bit data bus.
The memory map and details on using these peripherals are covered in the USB & PLD Registers
section of this manual.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 13

SPI Port
The SPI is used as a general purpose control bus on the dspstak 21262sx. It is connected to two
onboard components, a serial flash memory and the Peripheral Microcontroller. It is also available
on the Interconnect Port to control data converters and provide general purpose I/O expansion.
Like all other dspstak DSP Engines, the DSP is always the master.
The flash memory is selected via Flag 0 of the ADSP-21262. This device is used to bootload your
application program into the internal memory of the DSP. Details on uploading programs to the
flash memory are in the Programming the dspstak 21262sx section of this manual. A special
bootloader program resides in the lowest block of the flash and is unavailable for user applications.
WARNING: Be very careful of writing to the flash memory and never ERASE or WRITE the
lowest block of the flash! The only way to recover from an inadvertent corruption of the
bootloader program is to rewrite this space with an in-circuit emulator.
The Peripheral Microcontroller is a preprogrammed part that provides the RS-232 port, a watchdog
timer, brown out protection and user EE memory. It communicates over the SPI port using Flag 2 as
its slave select. Refer to the Peripheral Microcontroller API section of this manual for more
information.
The SPI Port is also brought out to the Interconnect Port. Flag 3 is expanded via the PLD to provide
four SPI slave select lines. Generally, the #SPI_SS pin of the Interconnect Port is used to control a
data converter on a dspstak I/O module. The additional 3 slave selects are shared with IO5, IO6
and IO7 and are usually used for expanding the SPI interface for additional I/O. For example, you
could use this interface to create a front panel on an instrument where switches or encoders were
scanned and status indicators were controlled. You could control a small LCD display via this
interface. Refer to the USB & PLD Register section of this manual for details.
Danville uses a 2x5 0.100 box header as a standard connector for SPI off-board expansion. It is
described in the dspstak Family Users Manual. We suggest you add a small (33 ohm) series resistor
at the driving end of the SPI SO line for any remote interfaces. Keep in mind that the SPI interface is
not intended for long unbuffered runs. You may need to add buffers or run the SPI interface at slow
Clock speeds for reliable operations.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 14

Programming the dspstak™ 21262sx
The dspstak 21262sx can be programmed in a variety of ways. In most cases, programs are
uploaded via either the USB port or RS-232 port into the on-board serial flash memory. You may
also load and execute programs through the JTAG port by using an emulator.
Programming Modes
The dspstak 21262sx has eight different programming modes that are assigned via jumper on the
Configuration Header (JH5). The purpose of the programming modes is to establish what the
dspstak 21262sx will do when it comes out of reset. Four of the programming modes are reserved
for standard dspstak 21262sx functions and the remaining four are available for user programs.
For example, you could use Mode 0 as a means to bootload one version of your application and
use Mode 1 to bootload another. The dspstak 21262sx uses Mode 7 as Clock Programming Mode
and Mode 6 as Program Uploading Mode. Mode selection is under the control of the Peripheral
Microcontroller. You can determine the mode through the Peripheral Microcontroller API.
Mode – Jumpers (JH5)
Mode Name M2 M1 M0
0 User 0 On On On
1 User 1 On On Off
2 User 2 On Off On
3 User 3 On Off Off
4 Reserved Off On On
5 Reserved Off On Off
6 Program Uploading Off Off On
7 Clock Programming Off Off Off
* Jumper On = 0
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 15

Configuration Jumpers
JH5 is also used to select the boot configuration and clock configuration of the ADSP-21262. The
connections are made directly to the ADSP-21262 BOOTCFG1-0 & CLKCFG1-0 Pins. In most
cases, the factory default settings will not need to be changed.
Boot Configuration – Jumpers (JH5)
Boot Cfg Name B1 B0
00 SPI Slave Boot On On
01 SPI Master Boot On Off Default
10 Parallel Port Boot Off On
11 Internal Boot Off Off
* Jumper On = 0
Clock Configuration – Jumpers (JH5)
Mode Name CF1 CF0
00 3:1 Core/ClkIn On On
01 16:1 Core/ClkIn On Off
10 8:1 Core/ClkIn Off On Default
11 Undefined Off Off
* Jumper On = 0
Programming the Clock – Mode 7
The dspstak 21262sx uses a Cypress Semiconductor CY22393 programmable clock generator to
provide clocks for the Peripheral Microcontroller, the ADSP-21262, and the Interconnect Port.
The Interconnect Port clocks are SYSCLK, MCLK0 & MCLK1.
The CY22393 has three independent PLLs that allow you to generate clocks that are appropriate for
your situation. By using the default DSP Clock setting - 24.576 MHz, the DSP will operate with a
Core Clock of 196.6 MHz (JH5 set to default). The three programmable clocks on the Interconnect
Port allow I/O Modules to use convenient clocks for whatever devices that might be present. For
example, an ADC might use a 18.432 MHz MCLK to sample at 96k or a 19.6608 MHz MCLK to
sample at 102.4k.
If you want to reprogram the CY22393, you should review the CY22393 data sheet. You will also
need the Cypress program, CyberClocks™ to generate a JEDEC file of clock parameters. The data
sheet and the program are available on the Cypress web site and there are links on the Danville
web site at http://www.danvillesignal.com/index.php?id=dspdev_links.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 16

Clock reprogramming is managed entirely by the Peripheral Microcontroller via its RS-232 port. It is
not dependent on the ADSP-21262 DSP. The Peripheral Microcontroller also gets its clock from
the CY22393 so steps have been taken to protect this clock from inadvertent modification. The
following table describes the CY22393 mapping to the dspstak 21262sx.
Clock Configuration – CY22393
Clock CY22393 Default Notes
Peripheral Microcontroller XBUF 18.432 MHz Xtal, Always On
DSP Clock CLKB 24.576 MHz JH1 Pins 2&3 shorted
SYSCLK CLKC 24.576 MHz Interconnect Port
MCLK0 CLKD 12.288 MHz Interconnect Port – SPORT 0
MCLK1 CLKA 12.288 MHz Interconnect Port – SPORT 1
JH1-5 CLKE Off Not used
It is also possible to provide an external clock to the ADSP-21262 via the Interconnect Port. In this
configuration, JH1 Pins 1&2 are shorted. It might be prudent to disable the DSP Clock (CLKB) in this
situation.
Here are the basic steps to reprogramming the CY22393:
• Configure the dspstak 21262sx to operate in Mode 7 (M2,M1,M0 – Jumpers Off).
• Connect to an ASCII Terminal Program via RS-232. A 9 pin to 9 pin cable with no twists is
appropriate on PC compatible computers. The Serial Configuration must be 19.2K, 8, 1, N.
Handshaking lines are ignored. A free terminal program is provided on the distribution CD.
• Create a new JEDEC file using CyberClocks™. The file 21262.JED is included on the CD.
This is the factory default and a good place to start.
• Power Up or Reset the dspstak 21262sx. You should see a Clock> prompt. You may wish to
type ?to see the available commands.
• Type U to upload a new JEDEC file. This will copy the file into the Working Registers (RAM).
You can also use the Lcommand to reload the factory default settings.
• If you are sure that you are ready to write, type the Wcommand. You can verify your results
against the Working Registers by typing V.
• Exit the Clock Mode with the Qcommand. This will vector you to Mode 6 where you can
upload application programs.
dspstak™ 21262sx User Manual Page 17

Uploading Programs – Mode 6
The dspstak 21262sx uses a 2Mbit SPI serial flash memory device to bootload the ADSP-21262.
Assuming that the boot mode selection is set for SPI Master Boot (see Configuration Jumpers), the
ADSP-21262 will boot from the SPI flash memory after reset is deasserted.
This boot capability is very useful in the ADSP-21262 except that there is no native support in the
DSP to program the flash memory. The dspstak 21262sx (actually all dspstak DSP Engines) has a
resident boot loader and flash writer program that addresses this problem.
The dspstak 21262sx automatically boots a proprietary Danville program called boot262 that is
located in the lowest block of the flash memory. The boot262 program in turn, boots your program
uses the rest of the flash memory. You don’t have to worry about reserving memory for boot262. In
the process of loading your program, the boot262 program that resides in internal RAM is
overwritten.
If the dspstak 21262sx is connected to an ASCII terminal via either RS-232 or USB and it is
operating in Mode 6, you have a five second window to interrupt the boot process before the
application program is automatically loaded. When you interrupt the boot process, the dspstak
enters Command Mode. Command Mode lets you upload programs to the flash memory. If the
dspstak 21262sx is operating in Modes 0 through Mode 3, your program will boot immediately as if
the boot262 program didn’t exist. It is still there and it loads your program, but it does so silently.
You write your DSP applications as normal and create a *.ldr file (Boot Type = SPI Slave, Format =
Binary, Width = 8). You don’t really need to worry about where your program is stored in the flash
memory, but we are going to tell you anyway. Your program starts at the beginning of the second
block of the flash with an offset of 80H. The 80H space is used to store the name of your program,
checksums, etc. When you upload a new program, all the memory in the flash is block erased with
the exception of the first block where the boot262 program resides. It is possible to write the flash
memory in the space above your application and the boot262 program after the application
program has been uploaded, but you must be very careful that the boot262 program is never
overwritten or erased. The only way to rewrite boot262 is with an in-circuit emulator.
It is very hard to damage the contents of the flash by accident, but it is possible. If you never write
directly to the flash, you are unlikely to ever see a problem. Danville supplies sample code that
manages the SPI bus where the flash memory resides. This code makes it even more difficult to
write to the flash inadvertently.
Command mode is available via either the USB port or the RS-232 port. A USB device driver is
included that emulates a COM port for Windows 2000 or Windows XP operating systems.
Bootloader communications automatically switch between the RS-232 port and the USB port. If
the USB port is active (enumerated), the USB port is used; otherwise, the RS232 port will be active.
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Here are the basic steps to uploading programs:
• Configure the dspstak 21262sx to operate in Mode 6.
• Connect to an ASCII Terminal Program via RS-232 or USB. USB is faster.
o If RS-232 is used, a 9 pin to 9 pin cable with no twists is appropriate on PC
compatible computers. The default serial configuration is 19.2K, N, 8, 1.
Handshaking lines are ignored. There is a command to change the baud rate to
higher speeds. If you don’t know the current baud rate, you can reset the baud via
Mode 7 to 19.2K.
o If USB is used, the baud settings are ignored and the interface will operate like a very
fast COM port.
• Power Up or Reset the dspstak 21262sx. You should see a DSP> prompt followed by
moving #symbols. After about 5 seconds, the application program will boot unless you press
a key to interrupt the boot process. This will bring a new DSP> prompt signifying
Command Mode.
• Type ?to view a list of available commands.
• Type U to upload a new program file. Your program must be a *.ldr (ADI loader file) with
the following parameters:
o Boot Type = SPI Slave
o Format = Binary
o Width = 8
You may also use the UA command to upload a similar file in ASCII format. This will take
longer.
After you confirm the upload, the bootloader will erase all user flash memory space. At the
"Ready:" prompt use your ASCII terminal program to send the .ldr file. Make sure you
enable the "binary transfer" option.
In Tera Term Pro, choose "Send File..." from the "File" menu. Click the "Binary" checkbox,
and then open your .ldr file.
As the file transfers, you will see one progress mark for every 32 bytes transferred. Data
transfer must be continuous. If the host stops sending data for more than approximately
500ms, the bootloader will assume that the code upload is complete and terminate the
transfer.
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• After the program is uploaded, a checksum is calculated and you have the opportunity to
enter a description of the program. The program description is an ASCII string that you can
use to identify your program. It does not impact the function of the DSP module in any
way, but can be a helpful way to track program revisions. A typical program description
might be "Filter version 1.00.” The size of the program is also calculated.
• Type Q to quit Command Mode and the application program will boot.
There are a number of additional commands that are available in Command Mode. For example,
you can read, write and erase EE memory form the DSP> prompt. This memory is also available to
the DSP via the Peripheral Microcontroller API.
There is no option to read back the application program via the Command Mode. This is to help
you keep your code a little more proprietary. We suggest that you use the checksum information as
a check during production programming to insure that your program was loaded correctly.
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