Dettson LOWBOY OLR154A16A Assembly instructions

LOWBOY
OIL-FIRED FURNACE
MODELS:
OLR154A16A
OLV154A16A
INSTALLER / SERVICE TECHNICIAN:
Attention:
Do not tamper with the unit or its controls.
Call a qualified service technician.
USE THE INFORMATION IN THIS MANUAL FOR THE IN-
STALLATION AND SERVICING OF THE FURNACE AND
KEEP THE DOCUMENT NEAR THE UNIT FOR FUTURE
REFERENCE.
HOMEOWNER: Manufactured by: Dettson Industries Inc.
PLEASE KEEP THIS MANUAL NEAR THE FURNACE FOR
FUTURE REFERENCE. Sherbrooke, Qc, Canada
www.dettson.com
Printed in Canada on 100% recycled paper 2019-04-12 X40171 Rev.I

Table of content
1 SAFETY 4
1.1 SAFETYLABELINGANDWARNINGSIGNS............................................. 4
1.2 IMPORTANTINFORMATION ........................................................ 4
1.3 DETECTIONSYSTEMS ............................................................ 4
1.4 DANGEROFFREEZING ........................................................... 5
2 INSTALLATION 5
2.1 POSITIONINGTHEFURNACE....................................................... 5
2.1.1 Installationinanenclosure ........................................ 5
2.2 ELECTRICALSYSTEM............................................................. 6
2.3 INSTALLATIONOFTHETHERMOSTAT ................................................ 6
2.4 INSTALLATIONOFTHEBURNER..................................................... 7
2.4.1 Nozzles................................................... 7
2.4.2 AirandTurbulatorSettings ........................................ 7
2.4.3 Postpurgedelayadjustment ....................................... 7
2.5 VENTING....................................................................... 7
2.5.1 Masonrychimney ............................................. 7
2.5.2 Factory-builtchimneys........................................... 8
2.5.3 Draftregulator ............................................... 8
2.5.4 Sidewallventing.............................................. 8
2.6 BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE (BVSO) FOR CHIMNEY VENTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
2.6.1 BVSOFunctionalTest........................................... 8
2.7 COMBUSTIONAIRSUPPLYANDVENTILATION.......................................... 8
2.7.1 ContaminatedCombustionAir ...................................... 9
2.7.2 Burner with Outdoor Combustion Air Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2.8 OILTANK....................................................................... 9
2.9 DUCTING....................................................................... 9
2.9.1 Airfilter ................................................... 9
2.10 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (4 SPEED MOTORS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
2.11 SUPPLY AIR ADJUSTMENTS (ECM VARIABLE SPEED MOTORS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2.12INSTALLATIONOFACCESSORIES.................................................... 12
2.12.1Humidifier(HUM).............................................. 12
2.12.2ElectronicAirCleaner(EAC) ....................................... 12
2.12.3AirConditioner(orHeatPump)...................................... 13
2.12.4 Emergency Heating Mode - variable speed Motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
3 OPERATION 13
1

3.1 START-UP....................................................................... 13
3.2 OPERATINGSEQUENCEOILHEATINGMODE .......................................... 13
3.3 CHECKSANDADJUSTMENTS....................................................... 14
3.3.1 Purgingtheoilline............................................. 14
3.3.2 Pressureadjustment............................................ 14
3.3.3 CombustionCheck............................................. 14
3.3.4 DraftRegulatoradjustment ........................................ 14
3.3.5 Overfirepressuretest ........................................... 14
3.3.6 VentTemperatureTest .......................................... 14
3.3.7 Supply Air Temperature Rise Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
3.3.8 Limitcontrolcheck............................................. 15
3.3.9 RestartafterBurnerFailure........................................ 15
4 MAINTENANCE 15
4.1 CLEANINGTHEHEATEXCHANGER .................................................. 15
4.2 CLEANING THE BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF DEVICE (BVSO) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
4.3 CLEANINGTHEBURNERHEAD ..................................................... 16
4.4 REPLACINGTHENOZZLE ......................................................... 16
4.5 REPLACINGTHEOILFILTER ....................................................... 16
4.6 CHANGINGTHEAIRFILTER ........................................................ 16
5 FURNACE INFORMATION 17
6 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 18
List of figures
Figure 1: Location and dimensions of ventilation air openings in a closet door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 2: Heating & Air Conditioning with 4-speed motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 3: Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning with ECM variable speed motor . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 4: Thermostat wiring, heating and air conditioning/heat pump with ECM variable speed motor . . . . 7
Figure 5: Blower “OFF” delay - Board #ST9103A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure 6: Blower Start/Stop Delays - Board#1158 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Figure7: FurnaceDimensions............................................ 21
Figure 8: Wiring diagram 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Figure 9: Wiring diagram variable speed motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Figure 10: Parts list with 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Figure 11: Parts list with variable speed motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
2

List of tables
Table 1: Blower speed adjustments, heating mode, 4-speed motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Table 2: Blower speed adjustments, 4-speed motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Table 3: Airflow adjustments - Heating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table 4: Airflow adjustments - Air conditioning mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table5: Airflowadjustments-Allmodes...................................... 12
Table 6: Delay adjustments - Heating mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Table7: Technicalspecifications .......................................... 18
Table 8: Airflow data, models with 1.0 HP ECM motor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 9: Airflow data model with 1.0 HP 4-speed motor (PSC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 10: Minimum clearances from combustible materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Table 11: Parts list with 4-speed motor PSC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Table 12: Parts list with variable speed motor (ECM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
3

1 SAFETY
1.1 SAFETY LABELING AND
WARNING SIGNS
The words DANGER, WARNING and CAUTION are
used to identify the levels of seriousness of certain haz-
ards. It is important that you understand their meaning.
You will notice these words in the manual as follows:
DANGER
Immediate hazards which WILL result in death or
serious bodily and/or material damage.
WARNING
Hazards or unsafe practices which CAN result in
death or serious bodily and /or material damage.
CAUTION
Hazards or unsafe practices which CAN result in mi-
nor bodily and /or material damage.
1.2 IMPORTANT INFORMATION
WARNING
Non-observance of the safety regulations out-
lined in this manual will potentially lead to conse-
quences resulting in death, serious bodily injury
and/or property damage.
WARNING
Installation and repairs performed by unqualified
persons can result in hazards to them and to oth-
ers. Installations must conform to local codes or,
in the absence of such codes, to codes of the
country having jurisdiction.
The information contained in this manual is in-
tended for use by a qualified technician, familiar
with safety procedures and who is equipped with
the proper tools and test instruments.
Failure to carefully read and follow all instructions
in this manual can result in death, bodily injury
and/or property damage.
a) It is the homeowner’s responsibility to engage a
qualified technician for the installation and subse-
quent servicing of this furnace;
b) Do not use this furnace if any part of it was under
water. Call a qualified service technician immedi-
ately to assess the damage and to replace all criti-
cal parts that were in contact with water;
c) Do not store gasoline or any other flammable sub-
stances, such as paper or carton, near the furnace;
d) Do not stack items or boxing within the required
clearances to combustible materials specified in Ta-
ble 10;
e) This furnace is designed for use with #1 or #2 heat-
ing oil only. The use of gasoline, motor oil or any
other oil containing gasoline is prohibited;
f) Never block or otherwise obstruct the filter and/or
return air openings;
g) Ask the technician installing your furnace to show
and explain to you the following items:
i. The main disconnect switch or circuit breaker;
ii. The shutt off valve on the oil tank
iii. The oil filter and how to change it (it must be
changed once a year);
iv. The air filter and how to change it (check
monthly and clean or replace if necessary);
h) Before calling for service, be sure to have the in-
formation of section 5 of your manual close by in
order to be able to provide the contractor with the
required information, such as the model and serial
numbers of the furnace.
1.3 DETECTION SYSTEMS
It is recommended that carbon monoxide detectors be
installed wherever oil or gas fired heaters are used. Car-
bon monoxide can cause bodily harm or death. For this
reason, agency approved carbon monoxide detectors
should be installed in your residence and properly main-
tained to warn of dangerously high carbon monoxide
levels.
There are several sources of possible smoke and flames
in a residence. Smoke and flames can cause bodily harm
or death. For this reason, agency approved smoke de-
tectors should be installed in your residence and properly
maintained, to warn early on, of a potentially dangerous
fire. Also, the house should be equipped with approved
and properly maintained fire extinguishers.
Your unit is equipped with safety devices that can prevent
it from functioning when anomalies are detected such as
a blocked venting system.
4

1.4 DANGER OF FREEZING
CAUTION
If your furnace is shut down during the cold weather
season, water pipes may freeze, burst and cause se-
rious water damage. Turn off the water supply and
bleed the pipes.
If the heater is left unattended during the cold weather
season, take the following precautions:
a) Close the main water valve in the house and purge
the pipes if possible. Open all the faucets in the
house;
b) Ask someone to frequently check the house during
the cold weather season to make sure that there is
sufficient heat to prevent the pipes from freezing.
Tell this person to call an emergency number if re-
quired.
2 INSTALLATION
The unit is shipped with a burner and its controls. It re-
quires a 115VAC power supply to the control panel and
thermostat hook-up as shown on the wiring diagram, one
or more oil line connections, suitable ductwork and con-
nection to a properly sized vent.
All local and national code requirements governing the
installation of oil burning equipment, wiring and the flue
connection MUST be followed. Some of the codes that
may apply are:
CSA B139: Installation code for oil burning equip-
ment;
ANSI/NFPA 31: Installation of oil burning equipment;
ANSI/NFPA 90B: Warm air heating and air conditioning
systems;
ANSI/NFPA 211: Chimneys, Fireplaces, Vents and
solid fuel burning appliances;
ANSI/NFPA 70: National Electrical Code;
CSA C22.1 : Canadian Electrical Code;
or CSA C22.10
Only the latest issues of these codes shall be used.
2.1 POSITIONING THE FURNACE
WARNING
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD
The furnace must be installed in a level position,
never where it will slope toward the front.
Do not store or use gasoline or any other
flammable substances near the furnace.
Non-observance of these instructions will poten-
tially result in death, bodily injury and/or property
damage.
CAUTION
This furnace is not watertight and is not designed for
outdoor installation. It must be installed in such a man-
ner as to protect its electrical components from water.
Outdoor installation will lead to a hazardous electrical
condition and to premature failure of the equipment.
The minimum clearances from combustible material
for each of the positions are specified in Table 10.
If the furnace is installed in a basement or on a dirt floor,
in a crawl space for example, it is recommended to install
the unit on a cement base 2.5 cm to 5.0 cm (1" to 2")
thick.
The unit must be installed in an area where the ambient
and return air temperatures are above 15°C (60°F). In
addition, the furnace should be installed as closely as
possible to the vent, so that the connections are direct
and kept to a minimum. The heater should also be lo-
cated close to the centre of the air distribution system.
2.1.1 Installation in an enclosure
The unit can be installed in an enclosure such as a closet.
However, two ventilation openings are required for com-
bustion air. The openings should be located in front of the
furnace approximately 15 cm (6") above the floor and 15
cm (6") below the ceiling. Figure 1 indicates the minimum
dimensions required and the location of the openings.
5

Figure 1 – Location and dimensions of ventilation air
openings in a closet door
2.2 ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
CAUTION
The exterior of the unit must have an uninterrupted
ground to minimize the risk of bodily harm, if ever an
electrical problem develops. A green ground screw is
supplied with the control box for that purpose.
The appliance must be installed in accordance with the
current ANSI/NFPA 70 National Electrical Code, CSA
C22.1 Canadian Electrical Code Part 1 and/or local
codes.
The control system depends on the correct polarity of the
power supply. Connect “HOT” wire (H) and “NEUTRAL”
wire (N) as shown in figures 8 and 9.
A separate line voltage supply should be used, with fused
disconnect switch or circuit breaker, between the main
power panel and the unit.
Only copper wire may be used for the 115V circuit on this
unit. If wires need to be changed, the replacements must
have the same temperature resistance as the originals.
2.3 INSTALLATION OF THE
THERMOSTAT
A thermostat must be installed to control the temperature
of the area to be heated. Follow the instructions supplied
with the thermostat. Also refer to the wiring diagrams
provided with the heating/air conditioning unit. The con-
nections must be made as indicated on the following dia-
grams and the wiring diagrams, Figure 8 and Figure 9.
Figure 2 – Heating & Air Conditioning with 4-speed
motor
Figure 3 – Thermostat wiring, heating and air condi-
tioning with ECM variable speed motor
6

Figure 4 – Thermostat wiring, heating and air condi-
tioning/heat pump with ECM variable speed motor
Note: On units with 2-stage cooling or heat pump,
terminal Y1 must be used. When Y1 on the electronic
control receives a 24 VAC signal, the airflow is re-
duced by 20%. Do not use termninal Y1 with a single
stage cooling or heat pump.
2.4 INSTALLATION OF THE
BURNER
Refer to the burner manufacturer’s instructions. Also, the
burner must be installed always in the same way inde-
pendently of the furnace orientation.
1. Position the mounting gasket between the mount-
ing flange and the burner mounting plate. Align the
holes in the burner mounting plate with the studs
on the mounting flange and bolt securely in place.
2. Remove the burner drawer assembly or the air tube
assembly;
3. Install the nozzle (refer to Technical Specifications
in Table 7);
4. Check the electrode settings;
5. Make the electrical connections;
6. Complete oil line connections.
2.4.1 Nozzles
The burner comes equipped with an appropriate noz-
zle. However, if another size or a replacement nozzle
is required, use the manufacturer’s recommended spray
angle and type as shown in Table 7 and based on a pump
pressure of 100 psi.
Always select nozzle sizes by working back from the de-
sired flow rate at operating pressure and not the nozzle
marking.
2.4.2 Air and Turbulator Settings
Before starting the burner for the first time, adjust the
air and turbulator settings to those listed in this manual
(Table 7). Once the burner becomes operational, final
adjustments will be required. Refer to the section 3 of
this manual.
2.4.3 Post purge delay adjustment
The post purge delay on the oil-fired burners is factory
set to zero second. This delay is applicable for all instal-
lations with chimney venting. For heating units installed
with side wall venting and a burner equipped with this fea-
ture, the post purge delay must be set to 15 seconds. No
delay is required for Riello burners. Refer to the burner
control instruction manual and markings for proper ad-
justment of the post purge delay.
2.5 VENTING
WARNING
POISONOUS CARBON MONOXIDE GAS,FIRE AND EX-
PLOSION HAZARD.
Read and follow all instructions in this section.
Never install a hand operated damper in the vent
pipe. However, any Underwriters Laboratories
listed, electrically operated automatic type vent
damper may be installed if desired. Be sure to
follow the instructions provided with vent damper.
Also, read and follow all instructions in this sec-
tion of the manual.
Failure to properly vent this furnace or other ap-
pliances can result in death, bodily injury and/or
property damage.
To ensure the safe and proper functioning of an oil fur-
nace, it must always be connected to a flue with sufficient
draft or to an approved side-wall venting system. In ad-
dition, it is strongly recommended to perform a complete
inspection of all the existing venting systems.
2.5.1 Masonry chimney
This furnace can be vented into an existing masonry
chimney. However, the unit must not be vented into a
chimney into which a solid fuel burning furnace is al-
ready being vented.
Before venting this furnace into a chimney, its condition
must be checked and repairs made, if necessary. Also,
7

the chimney lining and dimensions must conform to local
and national codes.
2.5.2 Factory-built chimneys
Oil fired furnaces are approved for use with “L” type
vents. The unit may also be used with an approved
chimney of proper dimensions and temperature ratings
as specified in the installation code. Refer to chimney
manufacturer’s instructions for proper installation.
2.5.3 Draft regulator
It is recommended that a draft regulator be installed in
cases where the draft is either high or variable due to
external conditions. Follow the instructions provided with
the regulator.
2.5.4 Side wall venting
The heating unit is approved for side-wall venting.
This system includes model VTK-54 / VTK-098 /
KLAVT0101DET side-wall venter and a 4” insulated vent
pipe, model IFV-410 / IFV098-10 / KLAFV0101DET, IFV-
420 / IFV098-20 / KLAFV0201DET. Refer to the installa-
tion instructions provided with the venting system.
2.6 BLOCKED VENT SHUT-OFF
DEVICE (BVSO) FOR CHIMNEY
VENTING
CAUTION
It is imperative that this device be installed by a quali-
fied service technician.
A positive pressure venting system (Sealed Combus-
tion System or Direct Vent) MUST NOT use the BVSO.
Follow the instructions supplied with the venting sys-
tem.
This device is designed to detect the insuf-
ficient evacuation of combustion gases in the
event of a vent blockage. In such a case
the thermal switch will shut down the oil burner.
The device will then need to be re-armed MANUALLY.
Refer to the detailed instructions and wiring diagrams
supplied with the BVSO for the installation and wiring
procedures. The length of wires supplied with the unit
is such that the safety device must be installed between
the flue outlet of the appliance and the draft regulator, as
indicated in the instructions.
It is also essential that the BVSO be maintained annually.
For more details refer to the instructions supplied with the
device itself, as well as in section 4 of this Manual.
2.6.1 BVSO Functional Test
The purpose of the following test is only to check that the
electrical outlet on the furnace, designated to the BVSO,
is functional only.
1. Start up the burner;
2. Remove the three-pole plug from the BVSO outlet
on the furnace;
3. The burner must shut-off immediately, while the
blower continues to run to the end of the cool-down
cycle.
If the test is not in line with the above, call a QUALIFIED
SERVICE TECHNICIAN.
2.7 COMBUSTION AIR SUPPLY
AND VENTILATION
WARNING
POISONOUS CARBON MONOXIDE GAS HAZARD.
Comply with NFPA 31 (U.S.) and CSA B139
(Canada) standards for the installation of Oil Burn-
ing Equipment and applicable provisions of local
building codes to provide combustion and ventila-
tion air.
Failure to provide adequate combustion and ven-
tilation air can result in death, bodily injury and/or
property damage.
Oil furnaces must have an adequate supply of combus-
tion air. It is common practice to assume that older
homes have sufficient infiltration to accommodate the
combustion air requirement for the furnace. However,
home improvements such as new windows, doors, and
weather stripping have drastically reduced the volume of
air infiltration into the home.
Refer to oil furnace installation codes relative to com-
bustion and ventilation air requirements. Consult Section
2.1.1 in this manual, specifically for units installed in an
enclosed space.
Home air exhausters are common. Bathroom and
kitchen fans, power vented clothes dryers and water
heaters all tend to create a negative pressure condition in
the home. Should this occur the chimney becomes less
and less effective and can easily downdraft. In certain
cases, mechanically supplied air, by way of a blower, in-
terlocked with the unit, is necessary. It is the installer’s
responsibility to check that.
8

2.7.1 Contaminated Combustion Air
Installations in certain areas or types of structures will in-
crease the exposure to chemicals or halogens that may
harm the furnace. These conditions will require that only
outside air be used for combustion.
The following areas or types of structures may contain or
be exposed to certain substances, potentially requiring
outside air for combustion:
1. Commercial buildings;
2. Buildings with indoor pools;
3. Furnaces installed near chemical storage areas.
Exposure to the following substances:
a) Permanent wave chemicals for hair;
b) Chlorinated waxes and cleaners;
c) Chlorine based swimming pool chemicals;
d) Water softening chemicals;
e) De-icing salts or chemicals;
f) Carbon Tetrachloride;
g) Halogen type refrigerants;
h) Cleaning solvents (such as perchloroethylene);
i) Printing inks, paint removers, varnishes, etc. ;
j) Hydrochloric acid;
k) Solvent based glue;
l) Antistatic fabric softeners for clothes dryers;
m) Acid based masonry cleaning materials.
2.7.2 Burner with Outdoor Combustion Air
Kit
Some burners are designed to function with combustion
air taken directly from the outside. Follow the instructions
provided with the burner, the fresh-air supply kit or the
side-wall venting kit.
2.8 OIL TANK
WARNING
FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD.
Use only approved heating type oil in this furnace.
DO NOT USE waste oil, used motor oil, gasoline or
kerosene.
Use of these will result in death, bodily injury
and/or property damage.
CAUTION
When a 0,75 USGPH or smaller nozzle is used, a 10
micron or finer filter must be installed on the oil sup-
ply line to the furnace inside the building where it is
located.
This is a requirement in order for the heat exchanger
warranty to remain in force.
Check your local codes for the installation of the oil tank
and accessories.
At the beginning of each heating season or once a year,
check the complete oil distribution system for leaks.
Ensure that the tank is full of clean oil. Use No.1 or No.2
Heating Oil (ASTM D396 U.S.) or in Canada, use No.1 or
No.2 Furnace Oil.
A manual shut-off valve and an oil filter shall be installed
in sequence from tank to burner. Be sure that the oil
line is clean before connecting to the burner. The oil
line should be protected to eliminate any possible dam-
age. Installations where the oil tank is below the burner
level must employ a two-pipe fuel supply system with an
appropriate fuel pump. A rise of 2.4 m (8’) and more
requires a two stage pump and a rise greater than 4.9 m
(16’) an auxiliary pump. Follow the pump instructions to
determine the size of pipe needed in relation to the rise
or to the horizontal distance.
2.9 DUCTING
WARNING
POISONOUS CARBON MONOXIDE GAS HAZARD.
DO NOT draw return air from inside a closet or util-
ity room. Return air MUST be sealed to the furnace
casing.
Failure to properly seal ducts can result in death,
bodily injury and/or property damage.
The ducting must be designed and installed according to
approved methods, local and national codes as well as
good trade practices.
When ducting supplies air to a space other than where
the furnace is located, the return air must be sealed and
also be directed to the space other than where the fur-
nace is located.
2.9.1 Air filter
A properly sized air filter must be installed on the return
air side of the unit. Refer to the Technical Specifications
in Table 7, for the correct dimensions. Also refer to Sec-
tion ?? and the instructions supplied with the filter.
9