Dupont Suva HP Series Manual

Technical Information
P–HP
DuPont™ Suva®HP80 (R-402A) refrigerant
DuPont™ Suva®HP81 (R-402B) refrigerant
DuPont™ Suva®404A (HP62) refrigerant
DuPont™
Suva®HP
Refrigerants
Properties, Uses,
Storage, and Handling
DuPont™Suva®
refrigerants

DuPont™ Suva®HP Refrigerants
Properties, Uses, Storage, and Handling
Table of Contents
Page
Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1
Background................................................................................................................ 1
Suva®HP Refrigerants ............................................................................................... 1
Uses ............................................................................................................................. 1
Physical Properties ..................................................................................................... 2
Chemical/Thermal Stability ........................................................................................ 2
Stability with Metals .................................................................................................... 2
Thermal Decomposition ............................................................................................10
Compatibility Concerns if R-502 and Suva®HP Refrigerants Are Mixed ...................10
Materials Compatibility ............................................................................................10
Elastomers ................................................................................................................10
Motor Materials .........................................................................................................12
Desiccants ................................................................................................................13
Refrigeration Lubricants ............................................................................................13
Safety ...........................................................................................................................13
InhalationToxicity......................................................................................................13
CardiacSensitization.................................................................................................15
Skin and Eye Contact................................................................................................15
Spills or Leaks...........................................................................................................15
Combustibility of Suva®HP Refrigerants ...................................................................15
Air Monitors and Leak Detection ..............................................................................16
Types of Detectors ....................................................................................................16
Nonselective Detectors..........................................................................................17
Halogen-SelectiveDetectors .................................................................................17
Compound-Specific Detectors ...............................................................................17
FluorescentAdditives ............................................................................................17
Storage and Handling ................................................................................................17
Shipping Containers in the U.S..................................................................................17
Bulk Storage Systems ...............................................................................................18
Converting Bulk Storage Tanks from R-502 to Suva®HP Refrigerants..................19
Material Compatibility Concerns ............................................................................19
Handling Precautions for Suva®HP Refrigerant Shipping Containers .......................19
Recovery, Recycle, Reclamation and Disposal .......................................................20
Recovery ...................................................................................................................21
Recycle .....................................................................................................................21
Reclamation ..............................................................................................................21
Disposal ....................................................................................................................21

1
Introduction
Background
Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were devel-
oped over 60 years ago, have many unique prop-
erties. They are low in toxicity, nonflammable,
noncorrosive, and compatible with other materials.
In addition, they offer the thermodynamic and
physical properties that make them ideal for a
variety of uses. CFCs are used as refrigerants; as
blowing agents in the manufacture of insulation,
packaging, and cushioning foams; as cleaning
agents for metal and electronic components; and
in many other applications.
However, the stability of these compounds, coupled
with their chlorine content, has linked them to
depletion of the earth’s protective ozone layer. As
a result, DuPont has phased out production of CFCs
and introduced environmentally acceptable alterna-
tives, such as the DuPont™ Suva®HP refrigerant
family.
Suva®HP Refrigerants
The products designated as Suva®HP refrigerants
are intended as replacements for R-502 in medium-
and low-temperature refrigeration systems. The
Suva®HP refrigerant family contains two different
types of refrigerants. Both types involve the use of
refrigerant blends to achieve alternatives that will
act very much like R-502 in refrigeration systems.
The first type of blends incorporate the following
refrigerants in two compositions to optimize differ-
ent performance characteristics:
HCFC-22 HFC-125 Propane
Suva®HP80
(R-402A), wt% 38 60 2
Suva®HP81
(R-402B), wt% 60 38 2
Table 1
Refrigerant Information
Refrigerant Chemical Name Formula CAS No. Molecular Wt.
HCFC-22 Chlorodifluoromethane CF2HCl 75-45-6 86.47
HFC-125 Pentafluoroethane CF3CHF2354-33-6 120.02
HFC-134a 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane CF3CH2F 811-97-2 102.0
HFC-143a 1,1,1-Trifluoroethane CF3CH3420-46-2 84.08
HC-290 Propane C3H874-98-6 44.1
In addition, DuPont has formulated a mixture based
on all-HFC refrigerants, which results in no ozone
depletion factor. This refrigerant is called Suva®
404A (HP62), and its composition is:
HFC-125 HFC-143a HFC-134a
Suva®404A
(HP62), wt% 44 52 4
The individual components of the three mixtures
are listed in Table 1 to show their chemical names
and formulae. In addition, the physical properties
of the Suva®HP refrigerants are listed in Table 3.
Uses
The Suva®HP refrigerants can be used in virtually
all R-502-based applications, either as a result of
retrofiting existing equipment that uses R-502 or
following development of new equipment designed
to use the Suva®HP products.
R-502 currently serves a wide range of applications
in the refrigeration industry. It is used widely in
supermarket applications, in food service and ware-
housing, for transport refrigeration, in cascade sys-
tems for very low temperatures, and other assorted
applications. It offers good capacity and efficiency
without suffering from the high compressor dis-
charge temperatures that can be seen with HCFC-
22 single-stage equipment.
Suva®HP80 and HP81, which contain HCFC-22,
are each formulated to optimize different perfor-
mance characteristics.
Suva®HP80 offers compressor discharge temper-
atures equivalent to R-502, with improved capac-
ity versus R-502, and slightly lower theoretical
efficiency.
The DuPont Oval Logo, DuPont™, The miracles of science™, and
Suva®are trademarks or registered trademarks of E. I. du Pont de
Nemours and Company.

Suva®HP81 offers the highest efficiency versus
R-502, with slightly better capacity. However, the
higher HCFC-22 content results in compressor
discharge temperatures in the range of 14°C (25°F)
higher than that of R-502, which makes Suva®
HP81 most suited for medium-temperature systems
such as ice machines.
Suva®404A (HP62) offers the best overall proper-
ties when compared with R-502. Capacity and effi-
ciency values should be equivalent to R-502, and
compressor discharge temperatures may be up to
9°C (14°F) lower than R-502, which may equate to
longer compressor life and better lubricant stability.
In addition, the heat transfer characteristics of
all the Suva®HP products appear to be better than
R-502, so any loss of compression efficiency may
be offset by improvements in heat transfer.
Due to the differences in operating characteristics
described above, Suva®HP80 and HP81are typi-
cally selected for different applications. Suva®
HP81 is preferred where higher energy efficiency
and capacity are needed and where the higher dis-
charge temperatures will not create operating diffi-
culties. Both Suva®HP80 and Suva®404A (HP62)
are full-range R-502 replacements, with Suva®
HP80 preferred for retrofitting of existing systems,
and Suva®404A (HP62) preferred for new equip-
ment. Suva®404A (HP62) can also be used for
retrofitting existing equipment where HFCs are
desired. Table 2 shows markets that currently use
each of these refrigerants.
Table 2
DuPont™ Suva®HP Refrigerant
Market Applications
Product Medium Temperature Low Temperature
Suva
®
HP81 Ice Machines To Be Determined
Food Service
Vending
Supermarket
Suva
®
HP80 Supermarket Supermarket
Transport Transport
Food Service
Suva
®
404A
(HP62) All
Physical Properties
General physical properties of the Suva®HP refrig-
erants are shown in Table 3. Pressure-enthalpy dia-
grams for the Suva®HP refrigerants are shown in
Figures 1–6.
Additional physical property data may be found
in other DuPont publications. Bulletin ART-18
contains viscosity, thermal conductivity, and heat
capacity data for saturated liquid and both saturated
and superheated vapor. ART-18 also contains heat
capacity ratios for saturated and superheated vapor.
Thermodynamic tables in English and SI units are
available in Bulletins T-HP80-ENG, T-HP80-SI,
T-HP81-ENG, T-HP81-SI, T-HP62-ENG, and
T-HP62-SI for Suva®HP80, Suva®HP81, and
Suva®404A (HP62).
Chemical/Thermal Stability
Stability with Metals
Stability tests for refrigerant with metals are typi-
cally performed in the presence of refrigeration
lubricants. Results of sealed tube stability tests
available for R-502/mineral oil and alkylbenzene
lubricants have shown long-term stability in contact
with copper, steel, and aluminum in actual refrig-
eration systems. Mineral oils, alkylbenzene, mix-
tures of mineral oil/alkylbenzene and polyol esters
(POE) are all possible candidates for use with
Suva®HP80 and HP81; POE are proposed lubri-
cants for use with Suva®404A (HP62).
The method followed was generally the same as
ASHRAE 97 with several minor modifications. A
3-mL volume of refrigerant/lubricant solution was
heated in the presence of copper, steel, and alumi-
num coupons in an oven for 14 days at 175°C
(347°F). Both the neat lubricant and a mixture of
lubricant and refrigerant (50/50 volume ratio) were
tested. Visual ratings were obtained on both the
liquid solutions and the metal coupons after the
designated exposure time. The visual ratings range
from 0 to 5, with 0 being best.
After the visual ratings were obtained, sample tubes
were opened and the lubricant and refrigerant (if
present) were analyzed. The lubricant was typically
checked for halide content and viscosity, while the
refrigerant was examined for the presence of de-
composition products. Table 4 summarizes typical
data for Suva®HP refrigerants. Visual ratings are
listed for the neat lubricant, the lubricant/refriger-
ant solution, and the three metals that were present
in the lubricant/refrigerant solutions. Viscosity was
determined on the unused lubricant, the tested neat
lubricant, and the lubricant tested in the presence
of refrigerant. Decomposition products were deter-
mined in some cases. Typical measurements for
decomposition products is in the low parts per
million (ppm) range.
Suva®HP81 tests with various lubricants indicate it
has adequate chemical stability with these lubri-
cants. In addition, we believe that HP80 will have
similar behavior due to the same refrigerants being
used in the formulation. Suva®404A (HP62) tests
with common POE lubricants indicate that chemi-
cal stability of Suva®404A (HP62) with common
metals used in refrigeration systems is acceptable.
2

3
Table 3
General Property Information
Suva®HP80 Suva®HP81 Suva®404A
Physical Property Unit (R-402A) (R-402B) (HP62)
Molecular Wt, avg. g/mol 101.55 94.71 97.6
Boiling Point, 1 atm °C –49.2 –47.4 –46.5
°F –56.5 –53.2 –51.6
Freezing Point °C n/a n/a n/a
°F
Critical Temperature °C 75.5 82.6 72.1
°F 167.9 180.7 161.7
Critical Pressure kPa 4135 4445 3732
psia 599.7 644.8 541.2
Critical Density kg/m3541.7 530.7 484.5
lb/ft333.82 33.13 30.23
Liquid Density at 25°C (77°F) kg/m31151 1156 1048
lb/ft371.86 72.14 65.45
Density, Saturated Vapor kg/m319.93 16.90 18.20
at –15°C (5°F) lb/ft31.24 1.05 1.14
Specific Heat at 25°C (77°F)
Liquid kJ/kg•K 1.37 1.34 1.53
Btu/lb•°F 0.328 0.320 0.367
Vapor, 1 atm kJ/kg•K 0.755 0.725 0.870
Btu/lb•°F 0.181 0.173 0.207
Vapor Pressure at 25°C (77°F) kPa 1337 1254 1255
psia 194.0 181.9 182.0
Heat of Vaporization kJ/kg 194.0 210.0 202.1
at Boiling Point Btu/lb 83.5 90.3 87.0
Thermal Conductivity at 25°C (77°F)
Liquid W/m•K 6.91E-2 7.35E-2 6.83E-2
Btu/hr•ft•°F 4.00E-2 4.25E-2 3.94E-2
Vapor, 1 atm W/m•K 1.266E-2 1.205E-2 1.346E-2
Btu/hr•ft•°F 7.32E-3 6.96E-3 7.78E-3
Viscosity at 25°C (77°F)
Liquid Pa•s 1.38E-4 1.45E-4 1.28E-4
Vapor, 1 atm Pa•s 1.29E-5 1.28E-5 1.22E-5
Flammability Limit vol% None None None
in Air, 1 atm
Ozone-Depletion Potential (CFC-12 = 1) 0.02 0.03 0.0
Halocarbon Global (CFC-11 = 1) 0.63 0.52 0.94
Warming Potential
TSCA Inventory Status Reported/Included? Yes Yes Yes
Inhalation Exposure Limit AEL* ppm 1000 1000 1000
(8- and 12-hr TWA)
* AEL (acceptable exposure limit) is an airborne inhalation exposure limit established by DuPont which specifies time-weighted
average concentrations to which nearly all workers may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effects.

Figure 1. DuPont™ Suva®404A (HP62) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)
4
DuPont™ Suva®404A (HP62) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)

Figure 2. DuPont™ Suva®404A (HP62) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)
5
DuPont™ Suva®404A (HP62) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)

Figure 3. DuPont™ Suva®HP80 (R-402A) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)
6
DuPont™ Suva®HP80 (R-402A) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)

Figure 4. DuPont™ Suva®HP80 (R-402A) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)
7
DuPont™ Suva®HP80 (R-402A) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)

Figure 5. DuPont™ Suva®HP81 (R-402B) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)
8
DuPont™ Suva®HP81 (R-402B) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (SI Units)

Figure 6. DuPont™ Suva®HP81 (R-402B) Pressure–Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)
9
DuPont™ Suva®HP81 (R-402B) Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram (English Units)

Note: Lubricant/refrigerant combinations shown
throughout this report are for the purposes of com-
paring the stability and compatibility of different
lubricants with the Suva®HP products. No recom-
mendation is made or implied that these combina-
tions will operate successfully in refrigeration
systems.
Thermal Decomposition
Like R-502, Suva®HP refrigerants will decompose
when exposed to high temperature or flame
sources. Decomposition may produce toxic and
irritating compounds, such as hydrogen chloride
and hydrogen fluoride. The decomposition products
released will irritate the nose and throat. Therefore,
it is important to prevent decomposition by follow-
ing DuPont Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
recommendations for handling and use.
Compatibility Concerns if R-502 and
Suva®HP Refrigerants Are Mixed
R-502 and Suva®HP refrigerants are chemically
compatible with each other; this means that they
do not react with each other and form other com-
pounds. However, when the different refrigerants
are mixed by accident or deliberately, they will
form mixtures that can be very difficult to separate.
Therefore, mixtures of R-502 and Suva®HP
refrigerants cannot be separated in on-site recycle
machines or in the typical facilities of an off-site
reclaimer. These mixtures will have to be disposed
of by incineration.
Also, mixtures of R-502 and Suva®HP refrigerants
will have performance properties different from
either refrigerant alone. These properties may not
be acceptable for your systems. Therefore, we do
not recommend mixing R-502 and Suva®HP refrig-
erants in any systems. First remove the R-502 prop-
erly (see page 21 for recovery discussion) and then
charge the new refrigerant.
Materials Compatibility
Because the Suva®HP refrigerants will be used in
many different applications, it is important to re-
view materials of construction for compatibility
when designing new equipment, retrofitting exist-
ing equipment, or preparing storage and handling
facilities. Because the Suva®HP products have
been designed as refrigerants, the compatibility
data summarized here will include materials
commonly used in refrigeration applications.
Elastomers
Compatibility results for Suva®HP81 and Suva®
404A (HP62) were developed with five different
polymer and lubricant combinations. It was as-
sumed that Suva®HP80 compatibility would be
similar to HP81.
Recognize that these data reflect compatibility in
sealed tube tests, and that refrigerant compatibility
in real systems can be influenced by the actual op-
erating conditions, the nature of the polymers used,
compounding formulations of the polymers, and the
curing or vulcanization processes used to create the
polymer. Polymers should always be tested under
actual operating conditions before reaching final
conclusions about their suitability.
The rankings shown in Table 5 are based on dupli-
cate samples of each polymer subjected to aging
at 150°C (302°F) for 30 days in various lubricant/
refrigerant combinations. Physical properties of the
test samples were determined before and after ag-
ing. The resulting ratings are based on 1 being best
and 5 being worst for the purposes of comparison.
The factors included in the overall assessment of
compatibility included:
•visual observations of material changes due
to aging
•changes in weight and volume of the samples
due to aging
•changes in hardness of the samples due to aging
•changes in flexural properties of the samples
due to aging
•recovery of weight and flexural properties after
refrigerant evaporation
The compounds tested were:
•PTFE (Teflon®, commercial-grade skived sheet,
from Tex-O-Lon Mfg. Co.)
•Neoprene W (from Precision Rubber Co.)
•HNBR (hydrogenated nitrile butadiene, N1195
from Parker Seal Co.)
•EPDM (ethylene propylene diene, commercial
grade, Kirkhill Rubber Co.)
•NBR (BUNA N, nitrile butadiene, from Parker
Seal Co.)
Lubricants tested:
•Mineral Oil, Suniso 3GS, Witco Corporation
•Alkylbenzene, Zerol 150 TD, Shrieve Chemical
Products Inc.
•Polyol Ester, Icematic SW32, Castrol
•Polyol Ester, Arctic EAL22, Mobil
Chemical
10

11
Table 4
Stability of HP Refrigerants with Metals and Lubricants
Suva®HP81 with various lubricants
HP81 with HP81 with
Mineral Oil, Alkylbenzene, HP81 with
Suniso Zerol Polyol Ester, Castrol
Property 3GS 150 TD Icematic SW32
Viscosity of Neat
Oil at 40°C (104°F), (mm)2/s (cSt) ND ND 29.6
Stability Tests
Visual Ratings
Neat Oil 0 ND 1,H
Oil/Refrig 1,G,H 2,P 0
Copper 0 2,T 0
Iron 0 0 1,T
Aluminum 0 0 0
Viscosity Change
% Change Neat ND ND 5.0
% Change w/ Refrig ND ND –13.3
Decomposition Analysis
[F-], ppm ND ND 7
[Cl-], ppm ND ND 7
(values for Suva®HP80 assumed to be comparable)
Suva®404A (HP62) with various lubricants
Suva®404A (HP62) Suva®404A (HP62) Suva®404A (HP62) Suva®404A (HP62)
with Mineral Oil, with Alkylbenzene, with with
Suniso Zerol Polyol Ester, Castrol Polyol Ester, Mobil
Property 3GS 150 TD Icematic SW32 Arctic EAL22
Viscosity of Neat
Oil at 40°C (104°F), (mm)2/s (cSt) ND ND 29.6 23.7
Stability Tests
Visual Ratings
Neat Oil 0 0 1,H 0
Oil/Refrig. 1,G 2,P,G,H 0,G 1,G
Copper 0 2,T 0 0
Iron 0 1,T 1,T,P 0
Aluminum 0 0 0 0
Viscosity Change
% Change Neat ND ND 5.0 ND
% Change w/ Refrig. ND ND ND ND
Visual Ratings: Stability Ratings: 0 to 5
ND = Not Determined 0 = Best
G = Gel 3 = Failed
T = Tarnish 5 = Coked
H = Haze
P = Precipitate

Motor Materials
In hermetic and semihermetic compressors, the
compressor motor is normally cooled by direct
contact with refrigerant returning from the evapora-
tor. As a result, the motor must be compatible with
the refrigerants and lubricants used in the refrigera-
tion system.
Accelerated aging tests were conducted with
combinations of refrigerants, lubricants, and motor
materials using sealed tube tests prepared according
to ANSI/ASHRAE 97-1989. After aging, the mate-
rials in the tubes were inspected visually and micro-
scopically and tested physically and chemically to
determine property changes.
Materials tested, and a summary of test results, are
described below.
PET (polyethylene terephthalate,
Mylar®)
PET film is used as phase and slot insulation in
hermetic motors. Visual inspection of sealed tubes
after aging in refrigerant environments revealed no
extracts with refrigerant alone [R-502, Suva®HP81,
or Suva®404A (HP62)], but varying degrees of
cloudiness and light precipitates when lubricants
were present.
PET weight change on aging was small (<5%) and
occurred with R-502/lubricant and HP81/lubricant
combinations. Weight gain with Suva®404A
(HP62) /ester lubricants was 2% or less.
PET flexibility after aging was determined by a
bend test. The results show excellent retention of
flexibility on aging at 135°C (275°F). There is
definite loss of flexibility when PET is aged in
R-502/mineral oil or R-502/alkylbenzene at 150°C
(302°F). This loss of flexibility does not occur
when PET is aged in HP81 or Suva®404A (HP62)
with ester lubricants at 150°C (302°F).
Polyesterimide Enameled Motor Wire,
amide-imide overcoated (NEMA NW
35C)
No extracts or precipitates were observed on
aging the enameled wire in any of the lubricant/
refrigerant combinations. No blistering, crazing, or
cracking was observed after aging. Retention of
flexibility was confirmed by 1x bend tests of the
wire after aging.
Dacron®/Mylar®/Dacron®lead wire
(Belden 14 AWG)
After aging of D-M-D samples in refrigerant/
lubricant environments, contents of the tubes
were inspected for particulates, the tubes were
cooled and opened, and the lead wire samples
were subjected to bend tests. Minimal particulates
or extracts were observed after aging. PET
embrittlement, ranging from slight loss of
flexibility to shattering, was observed when
specimens were bent 135 degrees. The degree
of embrittlement appeared to be a factor of the
lubricant, rather than the refrigerant. All D-M-D
samples were embrittled in the presence of mineral
oil or alkylbenzene lubricants. Good flexibility was
seen after aging with polyol esters in the presence
of all refrigerants.
12
Table 5
Relative Ranking of Polymer/Refrigerant/Lubricant Compatibility
Polymer
Refrigerant/Lubricant PTFE HNBR Neoprene W EPDM NBR
R-502 neat 24221
R-502/Mineral Oil 24452
R-502/Alkylbenzene 24252
HP81 neat 24222
HP81/Mineral Oil 24452
HP81/Alkylbenzene 24252
HP81/Castrol Ester 24225
HP81/Mobil Ester 24215
404A (HP62) neat 21121
404A (HP62)/Mineral Oil 22452
404A (HP62)/Alkylbenzene 22352
404A (HP62)/Castrol Ester 24215
404A (HP62)/Mobil Ester 24215
(1 → 5; best → worst)

Summary
In summary, ester-based lubricants appear to cause
much less effect on common motor materials than
mineral oils or alkylbenzene lubricants. In all cases,
the results appeared to be better than R-502 with
lubricants commonly used with R-502.
Desiccants
In refrigeration systems, keeping the refrigerant
and lubricant free of moisture is very important.
Dryers filled with moisture-absorbing desiccant are
typically used to prevent moisture accumulation. A
desiccant used with R-502, UOP’s (formerly Union
Carbide Molecular Sieve) 4A-XH-5, is not gener-
ally compatible with highly fluorinated refrigerants
such as the Suva®HP products. However, compat-
ible molecular sieve desiccants, such as XH-9, have
been developed. For loose-filled and solid core
dryers, new desiccants are available that are also
compatible with the new refrigerants and lubri-
cants. Be sure to tell your parts wholesaler what
refrigerants you plan to use when specifying the
dryer for your system.
Refrigeration Lubricants
Most compressors require a lubricant to protect
internal moving parts. The compressor manufac-
turer usually recommends the type of lubricant(s)
and proper viscosity that should be used to ensure
acceptable operation and equipment durability.
Recommendations are based on several criteria,
which can include lubricity, miscibility, compatibil-
ity with materials of construction, thermal stability,
and compatibility with other lubricants. It is impor-
tant to follow the manufacturers’ recommendations
for lubricants to be used with their equipment.
Current lubricants used with R-502 have at least
partial miscibility with R-502, which eases the
problems of designing systems to allow lubricant
return back to the compressor. Many refrigeration
systems take advantage of this miscibility when
considering lubricant return.
Note: Field experience has shown that Suva®HP81
works successfully with mineral oil in many small
hermetic systems where oil return is not a concern.
Refrigerants such as the Suva®HP products, with
little or no chlorine present in them, may exhibit
less miscibility with common lubricants used with
R-502. Although many R-502 systems operating
at low temperatures allow for reduced miscibility
with the lubricant, it is important to know that the
lubricants used with the Suva®HP refrigerants will
return to the compressor using existing equipment
designs.
Different compressor and equipment manufacturers
will recommend lubricants to use with their equip-
ment and the Suva®HP products. It would be diffi-
cult to summarize all possible lubricant candidates
that may be screened by various equipment manu-
facturers. In addition, there will be continuing re-
search and development of new lubricants that we
may not have tested because the market for alterna-
tive refrigerants continues to stimulate other market
areas. Review your system needs with the equip-
ment manufacturer, DuPont distributor, certified
refrigeration service contractor, or other qualified
party. Never assume the current lubricant in your
refrigeration system will be acceptable with the
Suva®HP refrigerant you intend to use. Always
review system components for compatibility with
the new refrigerant and possibly a new lubricant.
Table 6 shows a summary of miscibility tests done
with a 50/50 volume mixture of refrigerant and
lubricant over a wide range of temperatures, with
visual inspection for phase separation as the tubes
are slowly warmed. This table does not show that
any refrigerant/lubricant combination is acceptable,
only whether the two appear to be miscible at the
conditions shown.
Safety
Users must have and understand the applicable
Suva®HP refrigerant Material Safety Data Sheets.
Inhalation Toxicity
Suva®HP refrigerants pose no acute or chronic
hazard when they are handled in accordance with
DuPont recommendations and when exposures are
maintained below recommended exposure limits,
such as the DuPont acceptable exposure limit
(AEL) of 1,000 ppm, 8- or 12-hour time-weighted
average (TWA).
An AEL is an airborne exposure limit established
by DuPont that specifies time-weighted average for
airborne concentrations to which nearly all workers
may be repeatedly exposed without adverse effects.
The AEL for the Suva®HP refrigerants is the same
level as the threshold limit value (TLV) established
for HCFC-22 and calculated for R-502 based on
the TLVs for the components.
However, like R-502, exposure above the recom-
mended exposure limit to the vapors of Suva®HP
refrigerants by inhalation may cause human health
effects that can include temporary nervous system
depression with anesthetic effects such as dizziness,
headache, confusion, loss of coordination, and even
13

R-502
w/mineral oil –60 +73 +80
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/alkylbenzene –60 –27 +80
2 phases 1 phase
Suva®HP81
w/mineral oil –60 +68 +80
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/alkylbenzene –60 +16 +80
2 phases 1 phase
w/polyol ester –60 +80
1 phase
Suva®HP80
w/mineral oil –50 +65 +72
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/alkylbenzene –50 +66 +72
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/polyol ester –50 +72
1 phase
Suva®404A (HP62)
w/mineral oil –60 +52 +80
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/alkylbenzene –60 +57 +80
2 phases 2 phases
(inversion)
w/polyol ester –60 +80
1 phase
14
Table 6
Miscibility Summary
Note: All temperatures in °C

15
loss of consciousness. Higher exposures to the va-
pors may cause temporary alteration of the heart’s
electrical activity with irregular pulse, palpitations,
or inadequate circulation. Death can occur from
gross overexposure. Intentional misuse or deliber-
ate inhalation of Suva®HP refrigerant vapors may
cause death without warning. This practice is ex-
tremely dangerous.
A person experiencing any of the initial symptoms
should be moved to fresh air and kept calm. If
breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If not
breathing, administer artificial respiration. Call
a physician.
Cardiac Sensitization
As with many other halocarbons and hydrocarbons,
inhalation of Suva®HP refrigerants followed by
intravenous injection of epinephrine, to simulate
human stress reactions, results in a cardiac sensiti-
zation response. In humans, this can lead to cardiac
irregularities and even cardiac arrest. The likeli-
hood of these cardiac problems increases if you are
under physical or emotional stress. The Suva®HP
refrigerants can cause these responses well above
the AEL, but the effect level varies with people,
and has not been fully determined.
If you are exposed to very high concentrations of
Suva®HP refrigerants, move immediately from the
area, and seek medical attention as a precaution.
Do not attempt to remain in the area to fix a leak or
perform other duties—the effects of overexposure
can be very sudden.
Medical attention must be given immediately if
someone is having symptoms of overexposure to
Suva®HP refrigerants. Do not treat the patient with
drugs such as epinephrine. These drugs could in-
crease the risk of cardiac problems. If the person is
having trouble breathing, administer oxygen. If
breathing has stopped, administer artificial respira-
tion. Call a physician.
Skin and Eye Contact
At room temperature, Suva®HP refrigerant vapors
have little or no effect on the skin or eyes. How-
ever, in liquid form, they can freeze skin or eyes
on contact, causing frostbite. If contact with liquid
does occur, soak the exposed areas in lukewarm
water, not cold or hot. In all cases, seek medical
attention immediately.
Always wear protective clothing when there is
a risk of exposure to liquid refrigerants. Where
splashing of refrigerant may occur, always wear
eye protection and a face shield.
Spills or Leaks
If a large release of vapor occurs, such as from
a large spill or leak, the vapors may concentrate
near the floor or in low elevation areas, which can
displace the oxygen needed for life, resulting in
suffocation.
Evacuate everyone until the area has been well
ventilated. Re-enter the area only while using
self-contained breathing apparatus. Use blowers
or fans to circulate the air at floor or low levels.
Always use self-contained breathing apparatus or
an air-line respirator when entering tanks or other
areas where vapors might exist. Use the buddy sys-
tem (a second employee stationed outside the tank)
and a lifeline. Refer to the Material Safety Data
Sheet for the specific Suva®HP refrigerant you
plan to use.
Suva®HP refrigerants have virtually no odor, and
therefore can be extremely difficult to detect in
enclosed areas. Frequent leak checks and the instal-
lation of permanent leak detectors may be neces-
sary for enclosed areas or machinery rooms. Refer
to ASHRAE Standards 15 and 34 for machinery
room requirements.
To ensure safety when using Suva®HP refrigerants
in enclosed areas:
1. Route relief and purge vent piping outdoors,
away from air intakes.
2. Make certain the area is well ventilated at all
times; use auxiliary ventilation, if necessary, to
remove vapors.
3. Make sure the work area is free of vapors prior
to beginning any work.
4. Install air monitoring equipment to detect leaks.
Combustibility of Suva®HP
Refrigerants
Suva®404A (HP62), HP80 and HP81 are not flam-
mable in air at temperatures up to 100°C (212°F) at
atmospheric pressure. However, mixtures of HP62,
HP80 or HP81 with high concentrations of air at
elevated pressure and/or temperature can become
combustible in the presence of an ignition source.
Suva®404A (HP62), HP80 and HP81 can also be-
come combustible in an oxygen enriched environ-
ment (oxygen concentrations greater than that in
air). Whether a mixture containing Suva®404A
(HP62), HP80 or HP81 and air, or Suva®404A
(HP62), HP80 or HP81 in an oxygen enriched
atmosphere becomes combustible depends on the
inter-relationship of 1) the temperature 2) the
pressure, and 3) the proportion of oxygen in the

16
mixture. In general, Suva®404A (HP62), HP80 or
HP81 should not be allowed to exist with air above
atmospheric pressure or at high temperatures; or in
an oxygen enriched environment. For example:
HP62, HP80 or HP81 should NOT be mixed
with air under pressure for leak testing or other
purposes.
Refrigerants should not be exposed to open flames
or electrical heating elements. High temperatures
and flames can cause the refrigerants to decompose,
releasing toxic and irritating fumes. In addition, a
torch flame can become dramatically larger or
change color if used in high concentrations of many
refrigerants including R-500 or R-22, as well as
many alternative refrigerants. This flame enhance-
ment can cause surprise or even injury. Always
recover refrigerants, evacuate equipment, and venti-
late work areas properly before using any open
flames.
Based on the above information, the following
operating practices are recommended.
•Do Not Mix With Air For Leak Testing
– Equipment should never be leak tested with a
pressurized mixture of HP62, HP80 or HP81
and air. Pressurized mixtures of dry nitrogen
and HP62, HP80 or HP81 can be used for leak
testing.
•Bulk Delivery and Storage
– Tanks should be evacuated prior to initial
filling, and should never be filled while under
positive air pressure.
– Tank pressure should never be allowed to
exceed the tank manufacturer’s maximum
allowable working pressure when filling with
HP62, HP80 or HP81. Relief devices on either
the tanks or the supply system should be
present and in good operating condition.
– Tank pressures should be monitored routinely.
– Air lines should never be connected to storage
tanks.
•Filling and Charging Operations
– Before evacuating cylinders or refrigeration
equipment, any remaining refrigerant should
be removed by a recovery system.
– Vacuum pump discharge lines should be free
of restrictions that could increase discharge
pressures and result in the formation of com-
bustible mixtures.
– Cylinders or refrigeration equipment should
be evacuated at the start of filling, and
should never be filled while under positive
air pressure.
– Filled cylinders should periodically be analyzed
for air (nonabsorbable gas or NAG).
•Refrigerant Recovery Systems
Efficient recovery of refrigerant from equipment
or containers requires evacuation at the end of
the recovery cycle. Suction lines to a recovery
compressor should be periodically checked for
leaks to prevent compressing air into the recovery
cylinder during evacuation. In addition, the
recovery cylinder pressure should be monitored,
and evacuation stopped in the event of a rapid
pressure rise indicating the presence of air. The
recovery cylinder contents should then be ana-
lyzed for NAG, and the recovery system leak
checked if air is present. Do not continue to
evacuate a refrigeration system that has a
major leak.
•Combustibility With Chlorine
Experimental data have also been reported
which indicate combustibility of HCFC-22 (a
component of HP80 and HP81) in the presence
of chlorine.
Air Monitors and Leak Detection
Service personnel have used leak detection equip-
ment for years when servicing equipment. Leak
detectors exist not only for pinpointing specific
leaks, but also for monitoring an entire room on a
continual basis. There are several reasons for leak
pinpointing or area monitoring, including:
• conservation of refrigerant
• protection of employees
• detection of fugitive or small emissions
• protection of equipment
Leak detectors can be placed into two broad cate-
gories: leak pinpointers and area monitors. Before
purchasing a monitor or pinpointer, several criteria
should be considered, which include sensitivity,
detection limits, and selectivity.
Types of Detectors
Using selectivity as a criterion, leak detectors can
be placed into one of three categories: nonselective,
halogen selective, or compound specific. In general,
as the specificity of the monitor increases, so will
the complexity and cost.
A different technology that can be employed to
find leaks is by using a dye or other additive that
is placed in the refrigeration system and is emitted
with the leaking refrigerant and lubricant.
A detailed discussion of leak detection, along with
a list of manufacturers of leak detection equipment,
can be found in DuPont bulletin ARTD-27.

17
Nonselective Detectors
Nonselective detectors are those which will detect
any type of emission or vapor present, regardless
of its chemical composition. These detectors are
typically quite simple to use, very rugged, inexpen-
sive, and almost always portable. However, their
inability to be calibrated, long-term drift, lack of
selectivity, and lack of sensitivity limit their use
for area monitoring.
Some nonselective detectors designed for use with
R-502 may have a much lower sensitivity when
used with Suva®HP refrigerants. However, newly
designed detectors with good sensitivity for HFCs
are now available. Be sure to consult with the
manufacturer before selecting or using a nonselec-
tive detector with Suva®HP refrigerants.
Halogen-Selective Detectors
Halogen-selective detectors use a specialized sen-
sor that allows the monitor to detect compounds
containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine
without interference from other species. The major
advantage of such a detector is a reduction in the
number of nuisance alarms—false alarms caused by
the presence of some compound in the area
other than the target compound.
These detectors are typically easy to use, feature
higher sensitivity than the nonselective detectors
(detection limits are typically <5 ppm when used
as an area monitor and <1.4 g/yr [<0.05 oz/yr]
when used as a leak pinpointer) and are very
durable. In addition, due to the partial specificity
of the detector, these instruments can be easily
calibrated.
Compound-Specific Detectors
The most complex detectors, which are also the
most expensive, are compound-specific detectors.
These units are typically capable of detecting the
presence of a single compound without interference
from other compounds.
With Suva®HP refrigerants, using compound-
specific detectors may be difficult because the
different mixtures often contain similar types of
compounds. In an area where different refrigerant
mixtures are used, these detectors may offer more
specificity than is needed for normal leak manage-
ment. Discuss these issues with the equipment
manufacturers before making a purchase decision.
Fluorescent Additives
Fluorescent additives have been used in refrigera-
tion systems for several years. These additives,
invisible under ordinary lighting, but visible under
ultraviolet (UV) light, are used to pinpoint leaks in
systems. The additives are typically placed into the
refrigeration lubricant when the system is serviced
or charged. Leaks are detected by using a UV light
to search for additive that has escaped from the
system.
Recent innovations in dye technology have allowed
fluorescent additives to be used with HFCs and new
refrigerant mixtures. However, before adding addi-
tives to a system, the compatibility of the specific
dye with the lubricant and refrigerant should be
tested.
Storage and Handling
Shipping Containers in the U.S.
Suva®HP refrigerants are liquefied compressed
gases. According to the U.S. Department of Trans-
portation (DOT) a nonflammable compressed gas
is defined as a nonflammable material having an
absolute pressure greater than 40 psia at 21°C
(70°F) and/or an absolute pressure greater than
104 psia at 54°C (130°F). See Table 7 for the
appropriate DOT designation.
Table 7
DOT Designations
DOT Proper Shipping Name (HP80/81) Compressed Gas N.O.S. (Contains
Pentafluoroethane and Chlorodifluoromethane)
[404A (HP62)] Compressed Gas N.O.S. (Contains
Pentafluoroethane and Trifluoroethane)
Hazard Class (All) Nonflammable Gas
DOT/IMO Hazard Class (HP80/81) 2
[404A (HP62)] 2.2
UN/NA Number (All) UN 3163
DOT Labels (All) Nonflammable Gas
DOT Placard (All) Nonflammable Gas

18
A list of the different types of containers that can
be used to ship Suva®HP refrigerants in the United
States, along with their water capacities, dimen-
sions, DOT specifications, and net weights, are
provided in Table 8. All pressure relief devices
used on the containers must be in compliance with
the corresponding Compressed Gas Association
(CGA) Standards for compressed gas cylinders,
cargo, and portable tanks.
The 15-lb, 30-lb, and 123-lb cylinders designed for
refrigerant applications will be painted the colors
shown in Table 8, with labels that bear the name
of the product in the same color. For clarification,
the colors are:
Suva®HP80 PMS 461 Light brown
Suva®HP81 PMS 385 Green brown
Suva®404A (HP62) PMS 021 Orange
Disposable cylinders, known as a Dispos-A-Can®
(or DAC), fit into a box with the measurements
given in Table 8. When used to ship Suva®HP
refrigerants to the stationary refrigeration market,
the cylinders will have the same outlet fittings as
cylinders of R-502.
The 123-lb cylinders are equipped with a nonrefill-
able liquid vapor CGA-660 valve. With this two-
way valve, refrigerant can be removed from the
cylinder as either vapor or liquid, without inverting
the cylinder. The vapor valve handwheel is located
on the top of the valve assembly. The liquid
handwheel is on the side of the valve and attached
to a dip tube extending to the bottom of the cylin-
der. Each is clearly identified as vapor or liquid.
The 4,400-gal cylinder is known as an ISO tank.
The dimensions referenced in Table 8 represent the
frame in which the container is shipped. The tank
itself has the same length of 20 ft and an outside
diameter of approximately 86 in. ISO tanks are
used for export shipments of refrigerants from the
United States.
The general construction of a one-ton returnable
container is shown in Figure 7. Note that one end
of the container is fitted with two valves. When the
container is turned so that the valves are lined up
vertically, the top valve will discharge vapor and
the bottom valve will discharge liquid. The valves
are protected by a dome cover. The valves are Su-
perior Type 660-X1-B1.
One-ton containers are equipped with two fusible
plugs in each end. The fusible metal in the plugs
is designed to start melting at 69°C (157°F) and
completely melt at 74°C (165°F). Containers
should never be heated to temperatures higher than
52°C (125°F). One spring-loaded pressure relief
valve is also located in each end of the container.
Bulk Storage Systems
DuPont sells storage systems, at cost, to their re-
frigeration customers. The systems are prefabri-
cated, tested, and ready to install on site. The units
are designed to optimize economy, efficiency
and safety in the storage and dispensing of DuPont
refrigerants. The delivered systems include all
components, such as storage tank, pumps, piping,
valves, motors, and instrumentation as an integrated
unit. All systems are equipped with dual pumps
to provide an installed spare. The units are skid-
mounted and require only placement on a con-
crete pad and connection to electrical and process
systems.
Table 8
Specifications of Shipping Containers for DuPont™ Suva®HP Refrigerants
Container Dimensions DOT Spec. Net Weight (lb) Color Code
15 lb Dispos-A-Can®*7.5" x 7.5" x 14.5" 39 (HP81 Only) 13 PMS 385
30 lb Dispos-A-Can®10" x 10" x 17" 39 (HP80) 27 PMS 461
[404A (HP62)] 24 PMS 021
123 lb Cylinder 55" H x 10" OD 4BA300 (HP81) 110
[404A (HP62)] 100
4BA400 (HP80) 110
1,682 lb ton Cylinder 82" L x 30" OD 110A500W
5,000 gal Tank Truck MC-330 or -331 40,000
4,400 gal ISO 8' x 8.5' x 20' (frame) 51
170,000 lb Rail Car 114A340W
* Dispos-A-Can is a registered trademark of the DuPont Company.