Esu Lokprogrammer User manual

Instruction manual

For software version 2.6.2. and following versions

Article no.: 53450 / 53451

March 2009

LokProgrammer

Index of contents

Declaration of ConformityDeclaration of Conformity

Declaration of Conformity......................................................................

......................................................................

................................... 33

WEEE-DeclarationWEEE-Declaration

WEEE-Declaration ..............................................................................................

..............................................................................................

............................................... 33

1. Important notes – Please read this first1. Important notes – Please read this first

1. Important notes – Please read this first ........................

........................

............44

2.2.

2. Installation andInstallation and

Installation andInstallation and

Installation and ss

start-up of the LokProgrammertart-up of the LokProgrammer

tart-up of the LokProgrammertart-up of the LokProgrammer

tart-up of the LokProgrammer ..........

..........

.....44

2.1. System requirements .................................................. 4

2.2.Connecting the LokProgrammer ................................. 4

2.3. Installing the software ............................................... 4

2.4. Starting the program ................................................. 4

2.5. Software updates ...................................................... 5

2.6. Firmware updates ...................................................... 5

3. LokSound basics3. LokSound basics

3. LokSound basics ........................................................................................

........................................................................................

............................................ 55

3.1. Sound characteristics of locomotives .......................... 5

3.1.1. Steam locomotive ................................................... 5

3.1.2. Diesel locomotive (diesel-electric) ............................. 5

3.1.3. Diesel locomotive (diesel-hydraulic) ......................... 6

3.1.4. Diesel locomotive with manual transmission ........... 6

3.1.5. Electric locomotive .................................................. 6

3.2. User defined sounds ................................................. 6

3.3. Automatic / Random sounds .................................... 7

3.4. Digital system / Protocols ........................................... 7

3.4.1. DCC (NMRA) ......................................................... 7

3.4.2. Motorola® ............................................................. 7

3.4.3. M4 ........................................................................ 7

3.4.4. Selectrix® ............................................................... 7

3.5. CVs ........................................................................... 7

3.5.1. Definition and application ...................................... 7

3.5.2. Advantages / Disadvantages .................................. 7

3.6. Further information about LokSound decoders ......... 7

3.6.1. General .................................................................. 7

3.6.2. Connecting the speaker ......................................... 7

3.6.3. Suitable sounds ..................................................... 8

3.6.4. Supported hardware .............................................. 8

4. Purpose of the LokProgrammer software4. Purpose of the LokProgrammer software

4. Purpose of the LokProgrammer software ..................

..................

.........88

4.1. Overview ................................................................... 8

4.2. Assistant ................................................................... 8

5. Main screen5. Main screen

5. Main screen ......................................................................................................

......................................................................................................

...................................................99

5.1. Registers ................................................................... 9

5.2. Task bar ..................................................................... 9

5.3. Tool bar ..................................................................... 9

6. V6. V

6. Virtual driver’irtual driver’

irtual driver’irtual driver’

irtual driver’s cabs cab

s cabs cab

s cab ..............................................................................

..............................................................................

....................................... 1010

1010

7. Edit CVs7. Edit CVs

7. Edit CVs ..........................................................................................................

..........................................................................................................

..................................................... 1010

1010

8. The „decoder“ register8. The „decoder“ register

8. The „decoder“ register ..................................................................

..................................................................

................................. 1010

1010

8.1. View window „address“ ........................................ 11

8.1.1. Address (CV1, CV17, CV18) ............................... 11

8.1.2. Consist settings (CV 19) ..................................... 11

8.2. Driving characteristics ............................................... 11

8.2.1. Selecting the number of speed steps (CV 29, CV 49) 11

8.2.2. Reverse mode (CV 29) ......................................... 11

8.2.3. Acceleration and deceleration (CV 3, CV 4) ......... 11

8.2.4. Supported brake modes (CV 51) ......................... 11

8.2.5. Trimm (CV 66, CV 95) .......................................... 11

8.3. Motor ..................................................................... 11

8.3.1. DC motor PWM frequency (CV 49) ...................... 11

8.3.2. Load compensation (CV 49, CV 53 until CV 56) . 11

8.3.3. Speed curves (CV 2, 5, 6, 26, 67-97) ..................... 11

8.4. DCC / Analogue ..................................................... 11

8.4.1. Zimo® manual function ....................................... 11

8.4.2. Analogue mode (CV29) ..................................... 11

8.4.3. Supported analogue modes and settings ............ 11

8.4.4. Analogue mode F1-F8 / Analogue mode FL, F9-F12 .. 1 1

8.5. Sound settings ........................................................ 12

8.5.1. Type of sounds (CV57, CV58) ............................. 12

8.5.2. Minimum time between exhaust chuffs (CV 249) ..... 12

8.5.3. Random sounds (CV 61, CV 62) ......................... 12

8.5.4. Speed of driving sound (CV 59, 60) .................... 1 2

8.5.5. Brake sound threshold (CV 64) ........................... 12

8.5.6. Sound volume ....................................................... 12

8.5.7. Load dependent sound ....................................... 12

8.5.8. Sound steam shift (CV 250, CV 251, CV 252) .... 12

8.6. Function mapping ................................................... 13

8.6.1. Description of the matrix columns ........................ 13

8.6.2. Head lights, back-up lights .................................. 13

8.6.3. Aux 1-4 ............................................................... 13

8.6.4. Acceleration and coasting of diesel locomotives ......... 1 3

8.6.5. Acceleration / Deceleration ................................... 14

8.6.6. Shunting mode .................................................... 14

8.6.7. Sound on/off ....................................................... 14

8.6.8. Shift mode ........................................................... 14

8.6.9. Fan sound ........................................................... 14

8.6.10. Doppler effect .................................................... 14

8.6.11. Volume / Mute ................................................... 14

8.6.12. Dynamic brake ................................................... 14

8.6.13. Sound slots ....................................................... 14

8.6.14. Configuration of outputs (lights and AUX-outputs) 14

8.6.15. Blinking frequency of strobe effects (CV 112) .... 14

8.6.16. Activate LGB® mode (CV 49) ............................. 14

8.6.17. Behaviour of function buttons ................................

(LokSound 2 mode) (CV 49) ............................. 14

8.6.18. Märklin® delta mode (CV 49) ............................ 14

8.7. Manual CV entry ..................................................... 14

8.8. Special options (CV 124) ........................................ 15

8.9. Identification (CV 7, CV 8) ...................................... 15

9. Sounds9. Sounds

9. Sounds ................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................

........................................................ 1515

1515

9.1. Concept of LokSound ............................................. 15

9.2. Basic methodology for working in the „Sound“ register 1 5

9.2.1. Nomenclature ...................................................... 15

9.2.2. Importing / Deleting sounds in projects ............... 15

9.2.3. Allocate / Delete sounds to (from) sound slots ...... 16

9.2.4. Extended functions in the „Sound“ .................... 16

9.3.Schedule .................................................................. 16

9.3.1. Schedule for running (driving) sounds ................. 17

9.3.2. Schedule for fan sounds ...................................... 17

9.3.3. Thresholds in the schedule for running (driving) sounds1 8

9.4. Setting the schedule ................................................ 18

9.4.1. Soundslots in detail ............................................. 18

9.4.2. Sound settings ..................................................... 19

9.5. Random sounds ..................................................... 19

9.6. User sounds ............................................................ 20

9.6.1. General settings ................................................... 20

9.6.2. Special options for slots 14, 15 and 16 ............... 20

9.7. Alternative sounds .................................................. 20

10. Special configurations for M410. Special configurations for M4

10. Special configurations for M4 ..........................................

..........................................

..................... 2121

2121

10.1. „M4 Settings“ in the „Decoder“ .......................... 21

10.2.Driving characteristics .............................................. 21

10.3. Motor ................................................................... 21

10.4. Motorola® settings ............................................... 21

10.5. Analogue settings ................................................. 21

10.6. Sound settings ...................................................... 21

10.7. Function outputs .................................................. 21

10.8. Special options ...................................................... 21

10.9. Sound ................................................................... 21

11. Special settings for11. Special settings for

11. Special settings for Loksound microLoksound micro

Loksound microLoksound micro

Loksound micro andand

andand

and XLXL

XLXL

XL ........

........

.... 2121

2121

11.1. Special settings for Loksound micro ....................... 21

11.2. Special settings for Loksound XL ........................... 21

Declaration of Conformity

We, ESU electronic solutions ulm GmbH & Co KG, Industrie-

straße 5, D-89081 Ulm, declare herewith in sole responsibility

compliance of the product "LokProgrammer“ to which this

declaration is related to, with the following standards:

EN 71 1-3 : 1988 / 6 : 1994 – EN 50088 : 1996 – EN 55014, part

1 + part 2 : 1993

EN 61000-3-2 : 1995 – EN 60742 : 1995 – EN 61558-2-7 : 1998

The „LokProgrammer“ bears the CE-mark according to the

guidelines as per

88 / 378 / EWG – 89 / 336 / EWG – 73 / 23 / EWG

WEEE-Declaration

Disposal of old electrical and electronic devices (applicable in

the European Union and other European countries with sepa-

rate collection system). This mark on the product, the packaging

or the relevant documentation indicates, that this product may

not be treated as ordinary household garbage. Instead this

product has to be delivered to a suitable disposal point for

recycling of electrical or electronic equipment.

By disposing of this product in the appropriate

manner you help to avoid negative impact on

the environment and health that could be caused

by inappropriate disposal. Recycling of materials

contributes to conserve our natural environment.

For more information on recycling this product

please contact your local administration, the rubbish disposal

service or the shop where you have purchased this product.

Batteries do not belong into household trash!Batteries do not belong into household trash!

Batteries do not belong into household trash!

Please do not dispose of discharged batteries in your household

trash: take them to a collection point at your local town hall or

dealer. Thus you assure an environmentally friendly way of

disposal.

Änderungen die dem technischen Fortschritt dienen, Liefermöglichkeiten und alle

sonstigen Rechte vorbehalten. Elektrische und mechanische Maßangaben sowie Ab-

bildungen ohne Gewähr. Jede Haftung für Schäden und Folgeschäden durch nicht

bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch, Nichtbeachtung dieser Anleitung, eigenmächtige

Umbauten u. ä. ist ausgeschlossen. Nicht geeignet für Kinder unter 14 Jahren. Bei

unsachgemäßem Gebrauch besteht Verletzungsgefahr.

Märklin® ist ein eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Firma Gebr. Märklin® und Cie.

GmbH, Göppingen. RailCom® ist ein eingetragenes Warenzeichen der Firma Lenz

Elektronik GmbH, Giessen.Alle anderen Warenzeichen sind Eigentum ihrer jeweili-

gen Rechteinhaber.

ESU electronic solutions ulm GmbH & Co. KG entwickelt entsprechend seiner Politik

die Produkte ständig weiter. ESU behält sich deshalb das Recht vor, ohne vorherige

Ankündigung an jedem der in der Dokumentation beschriebenen Produkte Änderun-

gen und Verbesserungen vorzunehmen.

Vervielfältigungen und Reproduktionen dieser Dokumentation in jeglicher Form be-

dürfen der vorherigen schriftlichen Genehmigung durch ESU.

12. Project examples12. Project examples

12. Project examples ................................................................................

................................................................................

........................................ 2121

2121

12.1. Available sounds ................................................... 21

12.2. Project for a steam locomotive ............................... 22

12.2.1. Create a new file ................................................ 22

12.2.2. Settings .............................................................. 22

12.2.3. Import and place sounds ................................... 22

12.2.4. Function mapping ............................................. 23

12.2.5. Set the wheel synchronicity of exhaust chuffs ...... 24

12.2.6. Fine tuning ........................................................ 24

12.3. Diesel-electric locomotive ....................................... 24

12.3.1. Generate new file ............................................... 24

12.3.2. Settings .............................................................. 24

12.3.3. How to import and set sounds .......................... 25

12.3.4. Function mapping ............................................. 25

12.3.5. Fine tuning ........................................................ 25

12.4. Diesel-hydraulic / Diesel-mechanical ....................... 26

12.4.1. Generate new file ............................................... 26

12.4.2. Settings .............................................................. 26

12.4.3. How to import and set sounds .......................... 26

12.4.4. Function mapping ............................................. 26

12.4.5. Fine tuning ........................................................ 26

12.5. Electric locomotive ................................................. 26

12.5.1. Generate new file ............................................... 26

12.5.2. Settings .............................................................. 26

12.5.3. How to import and set sounds .......................... 26

12.5.4. Function mapping ............................................. 27

12.5.5. Fine tuning ........................................................ 27

13. APPENDIX13. APPENDIX

13. APPENDIX ....................................................................................................

....................................................................................................

.................................................. 2828

2828

13.1. Miscellaneous ....................................................... 28

13.1.1. Activating the Doppler effect during operation ... 28

13.1.2. Hardware of LokSound (cables, colours) ............ 28

13.1.3. Problems when reading the decoder ................. 28

13.1.4. Memonry types 8MBits and 16MBits ................. 28

13.2. Customer service – Assistance and support ........... 28

13.3. CV overview chart ................................................. 29

14. Licence Agreement14. Licence Agreement

14. Licence Agreement ..........................................................................

..........................................................................

..................................... 3434

3434

15. Warrany Certificate15. Warrany Certificate

15. Warrany Certificate ........................................................................

........................................................................

.................................... 3636

3636

1. Important notes – Please read this first

Thank you for purchasing the LokProgrammer set 53450/Thank you for purchasing the LokProgrammer set 53450/

Thank you for purchasing the LokProgrammer set 53450/

53451.53451.

53451. With the LokProgrammer you can program ESU LokPilot-

and LokSound decoders.

The LokProgrammer 53450 consists of two elements: An

interface module that serves as the physical connection

between the PC and the locomotive, and the software that

can be run on any PC using MS Windows. The set 53451 has

an additional USB adapter but is otherwise the same as 53450.

Never was it easier to program a digital decoder than with

LokProgrammer. Thanks to the graphic interface of MS

Windows you can achieve the optimal adaptation of LokSound

decoders even if you have very little or no experience in

programming digital decoders. This combination allows you to

easily manipulate and adjust the many features and properties

of LokSound decoders with your PC.

LokProgrammer also allows you to modify all sound fragments

and sound effects stored on the decoder as often as you desire.

ESU provides over 100 different sound files on the ESU web

site at www.esu.eu. You will certainly find the right sound for

your locomotive.

Please also take note of the license agreement regarding

downloading and using the sound files contained in the appendix.

This manual describes in detail how to modify sounds and which

methods to use to achieve the desired results.

We wish you lots of fun in the world of LokSound.

ESU electronic solutions ulm GmbH & Co KG, March 2009

2. Installation and start-up of the LokProgrammer

Please note the remarks regarding installation to assure that

your LokProgrammer software keeps working to your full

satisfaction!

2.1.2.1.

2.1. System requirementsSystem requirements

System requirementsSystem requirements

System requirements

In order to use this software you need a commercially available

PC with the following requirements:

• Operating system: Microsoft Windows 98, 2000 or XP, alsoVista

as from version 2.6.3; but not Windows NT

• CD-ROM drive

• One serial port or an USB interface on your PC

• Audio card

• 10MB minimum available memory on your hard disc

For the utilization of the sound files with this software an Audio

Card must be installed. All cards with a Windows driver are

suitable.

Installation and start of the LokProgrammer

2.2. Connecting the LokProgrammer2.2. Connecting the LokProgrammer

2.2. Connecting the LokProgrammer

The LokProgrammer has to be connected as shown in Figure 1:

Use the serial cable respectively the USB-adapter cable provided

to connect the LokProgrammer to any available COM port (or

USB-port) of your PC. Which port you select is immaterial.

Please make sure that the programming track is completely

isolated from the rest of the layout to avoid possible damage of

your LokProgrammer hardware!

Also make sure that there are no electrical connections

between the individual wires.

Fig.2.: Polarity of Power Supply Connector

There are two options for the power supply:

• Use the power pack with mains plug provided with the

LokProgrammer. Connect the output of the power pack to

the power supply terminals of the LokProgrammer as per Figure

• Use the AC power output of a model train transformer and

wire it to the screw terminals. We recommend this option for

programming gauge 1 locomotives

Never connect both terminals at the same time. This could

destroy the LokProgrammer!

After connecting the power supply the green LED on the

LokProgrammer should light up.

The terminals „Track Out“ on the LokProgrammer are to be

wired to the programming track. Polarity is irrelevant.

Make sure that the programming track is fully isolated from

the layout!

The two LEDs on the LokProgrammer indicate the following:

Green LED:

• Is lit continuously when supply voltage is available.

• Blinks when the LokProgrammer receives data from the PC.

Yellow LED:

• Blinks quickly when voltage is applied to the programming

track and data is transferred.

• Blinks slowly if the LokProgrammer detects a high current and

is disconnecting the programming track.

2.3. Installing the software2.3. Installing the software

2.3. Installing the software

Make sure that the LokProgrammer is connected as described

above and is ready for use.

As soon as you insert the CD-ROM into the drive the installation

program is starting automatically.

Should this not be the case select the CD-ROM drive in „Desk

Top“ or in the „Windows Explorer“ and click onto „Set up“.

Alternatively you may click on the START button in the tool bar

and select „Run“. Then type „x:\setup.exe“ and „OK“. Of

course you must enter the name of the CD-ROM drive instead

of the „x“ (usually „D“):

After a short while the program should start. Follow the

instructions on the monitor and wait until the program is installed

on the hard disk.

2.4. Starting the program2.4. Starting the program

2.4. Starting the program

The installation program creates an entry in the start menu.

Select „LokProgrammer vX“ in the Start menu under „Pro-

grams“; „X“ stands for the version number of the software.

Select „LokProgrammer“. Then the program will start.

Fig.1.: Wiring the LokProgrammer

LokSound Basics

Privacy Protection:

ESU guarantees that no information will be downloaded from

your PC to the ESU website. Data transmission is strictly limited

to sending data from the ESU home page to your PC. Your

personal data are protected at any time.

3. LokSound basics

In the following chapter it is explained how the LokSound

decoder reproduces prototypical sounds, what options are

available with digital command control for model trains and

which protocols of digital systems are currently available in the

market. Should you already have experience with digital systems

and also be familiar with locomotive sounds you may skip this

chapter and continue reading on page 16.

3.1.3.1.

3.1. Sound characteristics of locomotivesSound characteristics of locomotives

Sound characteristics of locomotivesSound characteristics of locomotives

Sound characteristics of locomotives

With LokProgrammer and LokSound decoders you can

reproduce sounds of steam locomotives, diesel-hydraulic and

diesel-electric locomotives, electric locos or locos with manual

transmission (e.g.: rail car). Of course the sound sequences are

subject to the type of locomotive.

3.1.1. Steam locomotive3.1.1. Steam locomotive

3.1.1. Steam locomotive

The dominant sounds of a steam locomotive are the hissing of

the boiler and the exhaust chuffs when the locomotive is

running. The chuffs are synchronized to the revolutions of the

drivers and therefore accelerate or slow down whenever the

locomotive runs faster or slower. We differentiate between

locomotives with 2 or 4 cylinders and others with 3 cylinders. A

steam locomotive with 3 cylinders generates either 3 or 6

exhaust chuffs per revolution of the drivers while a 2- or 4-

cylinder locomotive generates 4 exhaust chuffs per revolution.

The exhaust chuffs appear to be louder and harder during

acceleration compared to normal running at constant speed.

Whenever the valves are closed the only audible noise is the

clank of the driving rods.

When the locomotive starts moving, the cylinder valves are

open in order to push out any condensed steam and thus to

avoid breakage of the driving rods.

This behaviour can be simulated with LokSound decoders and

with the aid of the LokProgrammer. The individual stages are

divided into separate Driving notches. The different sounds of

the respective stages consist of individual recordings of the

exhaust chuffs (also refer to Fig. 4 and chapter 9.4.1 for

detailed explanations).

2.5. Software updates2.5. Software updates

2.5. Software updates

ESU offers the latest version of the LokProgrammer software

on the web page www.esu.eu. You will find it in the „Down-

loads“ menu under „Software“. Click onto the Download-

symbol at the end of the line. A window opens. Click „Run“.

Now the program will guide you through the installation

procedure.

Fig.3.: Start Window for Internet Update

There is also an option for an automatic update provided the

software is already installed on your computer:

• Go into the Start Menu and select Program „LokProgrammer

vX“, (the X stands for the version number of your software).

• Click onto „Internet Update“. A window as per Fig. 3 opens.

• Click onto „Next“. The note „Downloading required Files. Please

be patient“ appears. While this window is shown the files

required for the update will be installed. Subsequently you can

start the LokProgrammer software from the installation

window.

Please note that software version 2.6.6. only runs and opens

appropriate data (meant for version 2.6.6. and all following

updates). The software doesn´t run former or previous versions

(before version 2.6.6).

2.6. Firmware updates2.6. Firmware updates

2.6. Firmware updates

The firmware is the operating system of the LokPilot- or

LokSound decoders.

Please note: Certain new software options can only be activated

with LokSound decoders with the latest firmware-update.

You will find the latest firmware-updates on our website at

www.esu.eu under „Download“ and „Software“.

Update procedure:

• Connect the desired decoder to the LokProgrammer and start

the update.

• Select „Run“ in the pop-up window.

• Follow the instructions for installation.

• First the firmware-update will be installed on your PC, then the

update will be downloaded onto your decoder.

Fig.4.: Performance of a Steam Locomotive

3.1.2. Diesel locomotive (diesel-electric)3.1.2. Diesel locomotive (diesel-electric)

3.1.2. Diesel locomotive (diesel-electric)

Diesel-electric locomotives are in principle electric locomotives

with electrical generators that are powered by diesel engines.

The diesel locomotive is generally driven at constant Driving

notches subject to the speed of the locomotive. Therefore the

noise generated changes (driving) step by (driving) step. The

quiet electric motor can hardly be heard over the noise of the

diesel powered plant. Most diesel-electric locomotives have 4

to 8 throttle notches. The LokProgrammer can handle up to 10

throttle notches plus one each for acceleration and idle

respectively coasting (for more info please refer to chapter

12.3).

ExamplesExamples

Examples of diesel-electric locomotives are the DB class 232

(„Ludmilla“), most American diesel locomotives by GE or ALCO

or the MZ-locomotives by the Danish State Railways.

Fig.5.: Performance of a diesel-electric locomotive

LokSound Basics

3.1.3. Diesel locomotive (diesel-hydraulic)3.1.3. Diesel locomotive (diesel-hydraulic)

3.1.3. Diesel locomotive (diesel-hydraulic)

The main item of equipment of a diesel-hydraulic locomotive is

the torque-converter that uses fluids for power transmission.

This energy flow is literally „fluent.“

That is the reason why diesel-hydraulic locomotives howl audibly

once the throttle is opened and before the locomotive is actually

moving. Since the revs of the motor sound depend on the

speed, the noises generated during driving change without

audible thresholds. Simply put, the sound is directly proportio-

nal to the speed.

Locomotives with LokSound decoders behave the same way;

first the diesel engine revs up and once the revs are high

enough the locomotive starts moving. The pitch of the sound

can be adjusted subject to the speed. This is only possible in a

combined unit (decoder plus sound module in one piece – for

further info also refer to chapter 8.5.4).

ExamplesExamples

Examples for diesel-hydraulic locomotives are the DB class V200

(class 220) and the Regio-Shuttle or the DMU41 by the SNCB/

NMBS.

Fig.6.: Performance of a Diesel-hydraulic Locomotive

3.1.4.3.1.4.

3.1.4. Diesel locomotive with manual transmissionDiesel locomotive with manual transmission

Diesel locomotive with manual transmissionDiesel locomotive with manual transmission

Diesel locomotive with manual transmission

(manual gear gear box)(manual gear gear box)

(manual gear gear box)

Diesel locomotives with manual transmission employ pinion gear

for transmitting the power from the motor to the wheels

similar to automobiles. The clutch is pressed during shifting

from one gear to the next and thus the power transmission is

interrupted for a short moment. The shifting of gears can

clearly be heard in many a diesel locomotive with manual

transmission. With the LokProgrammer software you can either

store the original sound of gear shifting or you may choose the

option „gear shift“ (User-Sound Slot 14) as described in chapter

9.6.2:

ExamplesExamples

Examples of diesel locomotives with manual transmission are

the German rail cars VT95 or some shunting locomotives, since

manual transmissions are only practical in vehicles of relatively

low weight and with low maximum speeds.

Fig.7.: Performance of a Diesel Locomotive with Manual Transmission

3.1.5. Electric locomotive3.1.5. Electric locomotive

3.1.5. Electric locomotive

There are different sound types for electric locomotives. On

the one hand the hum of the electric traction motor(s) is audible;

it changes its pitch with the speed similar to diesel-hydraulic

locomotives.

Other electric locomotives generate very dominant fan sounds.

In some electric locomotives the sound of the fan is constant

and therefore the sound does not change during driving.

By and large electric locomotives are not as noisy as other

locomotive types and therefore they are ideal for applying

User Sounds such as the whistle, horn, compressor, etc. (for

more info please refer to chapter 9.5 and 9.6).

Fig.8.: Performance of an Electric Locomotive

3.2. User defined sounds3.2. User defined sounds

3.2. User defined sounds

User-defined sounds („User-Sounds“)

could be horns and whistles, coupler clank,

sanding, etc. These sounds can be

triggered by pressing a function button

on your throttle once you have

programmed them onto the decoder.

Currently LokSound decoders support up

to 16 functions such as head lights, smo-

ke generator, etc. The latest versions of digital command

stations such as the ESU ECoS can fully utilize this range.

LokSound Basics

3.3. Automatic / Random sounds3.3. Automatic / Random sounds

3.3. Automatic / Random sounds

Random Sounds are triggered automatically and irregularly

and can be used for safety valves, fans, compressors, etc.

With the LokProgrammer you can select the time between

Random Sounds (details in chapter 8.5.3).

Other possibilities for triggering sounds automatically such as

squealing brakes are contained in Function Mapping and the

sound schedule (see chapter 9). Such sounds will be triggered

at specific times.

3.4. Digital system / Protocols3.4. Digital system / Protocols

3.4. Digital system / Protocols

In this chapter we list all digital protocols for running model

trains and setting signals and turnouts that are supported by

the LokProgrammer.

3.4.1. DCC (NMRA)3.4.1. DCC (NMRA)

3.4.1. DCC (NMRA)

DCC stands for „Digital Command Control“ and was formulated

as standard by the NMRA (National Model Railroad Association).

In the early stages operation was limited to 14 speed steps and

80 addresses; today up to 10,000 addresses and 128 speed

steps are available.

DCC is downward compatible in terms of control and decoders,

e.g. older decoders can be controlled with up-to-date command

stations / throttles and with certain limitations new decoders

can be operated and programmed with older control devices.

3.4.2. Motorola®3.4.2. Motorola®

3.4.2. Motorola®

The Motorola®-protocol goes back to 1984 is one of the oldest

digital systems for model trains. Due to its age the operational

options are limited.

The Motorola®-protocol can only handle 80 locomotive

addresses with 14 speed steps and besides the headlight function

only four additional function outputs can be controlled (functions

5-8 can be selected with the second Motorola®-address).

Since the Motorola®-protocol is still used in many digital systems

ESU decoders are designed to work with this protocol as well.

3.4.3. M43.4.3. M4

3.4.3. M4

Since 2004 the MFX®-system is on the market. Theoretically

this could run more than 16,000 model locomotives simultaneously

with 128 speed steps.

The LokProgrammer software deals with certain settings

somewhat differently to DCC.

For instance, instead of locomotive addresses the name of the

locomotive has to be entered (e.g.: „class 01“ or „ICE“). The

allocatement of certain parameters to the CVs is also different

to DCC.

Do not use the DCC-CVs mentioned from chapter 3.5 onwards

for M4!

What does M4 mean?What does M4 mean?

What does M4 mean?

At some points in this manual you will notice the term „M4“ for the first

time and rightly wonder what this might mean.

This question can be answered quite simply: from 2009 forward, M4 is the

name of a data protocol that was chosen by ESU to be implemented in

their decoders. Decoders with the M4 protocol are one hundred percent

compatible with command stations using mfx®. At such stations (e.g.

Märklin® Central Station®) they will be recognized automatically and all

playing functions are available just like when using mfx®. On the other

hand, our ESU command stations using M4 will recognize all (Märklin®

and ESU) mfx® decoders without any restrictions and will still work

without any problems. As the (mutual) inventor of mfx® we can assure

you of this.

In short: the technique stays the same, only the name has been changed.

3.4.4. Selectrix®3.4.4. Selectrix®

3.4.4. Selectrix®

Selectrix® is another digital system. In contradiction to DCC

the locomotive addresses are not transmitted individually but in

groups. Thus it is limited to the driving sounds and Random

Sounds but it is not possible to trigger any user defined sounds

(e.g.: a whistle or bell). Selectrix® is almost exclusively used for

N scale and Z scale; therefore it is also supported by the ESU

LokSound micro decoder.

It is important not to confuse these systems when programming

any sounds. For instance is it not possible to store any M4-

project files on a DCC-decoder let alone to replay them.

3.5. CVs3.5. CVs

3.5. CVs

3.5.1. Definition3.5.1. Definition

3.5.1. Definition and applicationand application

and applicationand application

and application

CV stands for „Configuration Variable“. CVs can have values in

bits or bytes. The CVs with bytes can have a range from 0 to

255 while the CVs programmed in bits function as on / off-

switches.

Examples:Examples:

Examples:

CV 63 (sound volume) is a CV that can be programmed byte-

wise with a maximum value of 64. The value 0 means no sound

while 64 stands for maximum sound volume.

In CV 49, bit 0 is a „switch“ for activating load compensation

(as per 8.3.2). Is this bit set to 0, load compensation is deactivated,

is it set to 1, and then load compensation is active.

The NMRA (National Model Railroad Association) has allocateed

certain CVs to certain functions. For instance CV 1 is always

used for the address, CV 5 for the maximum speed.

3.5.2.3.5.2.

3.5.2. Advantages / DisadvantagesAdvantages / Disadvantages

Advantages / DisadvantagesAdvantages / Disadvantages

Advantages / Disadvantages

Digital decoders can be programmed without the need of

comprehensive programming knowledge or equipment. Many

digital command stations also offer internal programming

menus.

Furthermore the programming with bits and bytes requires

little memory space. Programming solely with CVs is not easy to

remember and depending on the type of command station it

can be quite cumbersome.

Furthermore CVs have only limited effect on sounds in LokSound

decoders (e.g.: sound volume). The actual sounds cannot be

adjusted with CVs but depend on the actual sound recording.

In the LokProgrammer software CVs are shown in registers or

as slide controls and can therefore easily be set to the desired

values.

3.6. Further information about LokSound decoders3.6. Further information about LokSound decoders

3.6. Further information about LokSound decoders

3.6.1. General3.6.1. General

3.6.1. General

At the core of a LokSound decoder is a powerful processor. It

is supported by an audio amplifier and a sound memory that

can store up to 130 seconds of sound.

The four channel mixer with active filter can replay four diffe-

rent sounds simultaneously: One channel is reserved for the

driving noises while the other three can be used for User Sounds

(such as bells, whistles, etc.) and Random Sounds (e.g.:

automatic safety valves or shovelling coal). All four channels will

be mixed to one output in the decoder and transmitted to the

speaker.

The memory of the LokSound decoder can be deleted at any

time to make room for new sounds. Thus it is no problem

whatsoever to modify a steam sound decoder into diesel sound.

You can easily do that yourself with the aid of the ESU

LokProgrammer whenever you want to!

Please note: this unimpeded change of sounds is limited to

decoders sold for installation into locomotives by the user.

LokSound decoders that are installed in locomotives by a model

train manufacturer may not always offer this option!

A field at the lower edge of the screen shows the available

memory space during programming (in seconds and bytes) as

well as the total capacity of the particular decoder. Select the

„Sound“ register and then one of the sound displays in order

to see this (also refer to chapter 9.).

If you wish to save some files but do not have enough memory

space on the decoder you may have to delete some sound files

from this project. Alternately you can shorten some of the

sound fragments with your audio-program.

3.6.2. Connecting the speaker3.6.2. Connecting the speaker

3.6.2. Connecting the speaker

The speaker is the end piece of the sound equipment. Of

course we can only install small speakers into our model

locomotives.

Therefore the speaker must meet a very demanding

specification. ESU offers a range of speakers of different size

and for different decoder types.

Please note that the audio output of the LokSound decoder is

designed for 100 Ohm speakers. Speakers with other resistance

values may cause overheating of the amplifier in the decoder

or simply result in lower sound volume.

If you wish to install two speakers in one model it is best to use

two 50 Ohm speakers in series.

Tasks of the LokProgrammer Software

3.6.3. Suitable sounds3.6.3. Suitable sounds

3.6.3. Suitable sounds

ESU offers many different sound files for all sorts of locomotives

on the website www.esu.eu. Please take note of the licensing

conditions mentioned in the appendix regarding the download

of sound files. Of course you can program your own sound

projects on your LokSound decoder.

Generally you may use all files in Windows *.wav-format for

LokSound decoders. WAV is the standard format for storing

sounds of any kind on windows. If the recording is noise, music

or speech makes no difference.

The files can originate from the CD-ROM supplied with the

LokProgrammer, they could be downloaded from the internet

or they could be created by you.

Wave-files can be stored in different levels of sound quality on

the hard disc. The better the sound quality, the more memory

space is required.

In order to achieve optimal sound quality you should use wave

files that match the respective LokSound decoder:

Sampling frequency: 15625 Hz

(corresponds roughly with double

The displayed hearing frequency)

Resolution (corresponds with volume driving steps): 8 Bit

Number of channels: 1 (Mono)

The program automatically converts the files to the suitable

format matching the particular decoder. However, under certain

circumstances this could lead to lower sound quality.

Hint:Hint:

Hint:

It would be best to prepare the wave file by adjusting them to

the above mentioned sampling frequency, resolution and

number of channels matching the corresponding parameters

of the decoder.

Firstly, this helps to save memory space while assuring the best

possible sound quality. Secondly, one can appraise the sounds

best during the preparation phase.

There are a number of programs for generating wave files.

The best known ones are Windows-Media Recorder for

recording sounds and to save them in digital format as *.wav

file on the hard disc. There are also more sophisticated audio

editors that offer professional features such as tone control,

echo, editing, etc.

It is recommended to record sounds with hard discs or other

high fidelity audio recorders in order to achieve a high level of

sound quality. Cassette recorders or even worse dictaphones

are not suitable.

In this manual we cannot provide comprehensive instructions

on how to convert sound to digital files and how to save them

on a hard disc. Please observe the manuals that were supplied

with your PC or with your audio card.

3.6.4.3.6.4.

3.6.4. Supported hardwareSupported hardware

Supported hardwareSupported hardware

Supported hardware

The LokProgrammer software as from version 2.5.0 supports

only the LokProgrammer 53450 „LokProgrammer V3.0“. Using

this software with older versions of the LokProgrammer (e.g.:

50450) is currently not possible.

The number of supported decoders varies subject to the

LokProgrammer version.

The versions as from 2.6.1. support the following ESU-decoders:

• LokSound V3.5 with 8 and 16 MBit memory for 0 scale and H0

scale (DCC and Motorola®)

• LokSound micro for TT and N scale (DCC, Motorola® and

Selectrix®)

• LokSoundXL V3.5 for G and I gauge (DCC and Motorola®)

• LokSound M4 for 0 and H0 scale for the users of Märklin®

systems.

In addition the following (partly older product versions) are

supported:

LokSound V3.0, LokSoundXL V3.0, LokSound2, LokSoundXL

V2.0, LokPilot, LokPilotDCC, LokPilotXL, LokPilotXL DCC.

The LokProgrammer software is subject to continous

development. In order to assure that you always work with the

latest software version you should regularly call up the internet

update facility. Whenever a new version with extended

functionality and bug fixing is available it will be placed in the

download section on our website.

The appearance on the screen may change subject to the

features of a specific decoder. Therefore in certain cases only

some of the features described here will be active or even

more options may be available. Please always refer to the

manual supplied with the decoder.

4. Purpose of the LokProgrammer software

In the following chapters the program functions of the

LokProgrammer will be described. First the general functions

and then the more special possibilities of adjusting ESU decoders

(LokPilot and LokSound).

The appropriate CV in the DCC protocol for each option will be

named as well as which setting is supported by which ESU

decoder. LP stands for LokPilot, LS for LokSound.

Please bear in mind that you can only fully utilize the potential

features of a decoder with the latest firmware.

4.1. Overview4.1. Overview

4.1. Overview

•Setting / changing of all parameters of ESU decoders: all options

can be set comfortably on the PC. Of course it is still possible to

manually adjust any CV via digital command stations such as

the ESU ECoS-command station.

•Modification of sound files, that are stored on an ESU LokSound

module: it is possible to change all sound files on the LokSound

module at any time, e.g. also at a later stage. Thus you can

compose your own sounds using anything as source that can

be saved on your PC: locomotive sounds, music, speech, etc.

There are no limits to what you can do.

It is for instance easily possible to change the sounds from a

steam locomotive to a diesel or electric locomotive - or vice

versa.

• Test new ESU sounds: With the aid of the virtual cab (see

chapter 6) you can test decoders on the programming track.

4. 2. Assistant4. 2. Assistant

4. 2. Assistant

As soon as the software is started the assistant window pops

up on the monitor. This enables you to call up the most important

functions of the program. Subject to which function you select

the appropriate window appears immediately. With the help

of the assistant you can deal with important tasks easily and

quickly.

The assistant helps you to carry out the following tasks:

• To read out decoder data for comfortable evaluation and

modification.

• To completely modify the sound files of a decoder in order to

easily change a steam sound decoder into one for a diesel

locomotive.

• To generate a completely new project

• To open an already saved project.

In order to do this, select the desired option and follow the

instructions in the small window

Fig.9. Assistant

5. Main screen

5.1. Registers5.1. Registers

5.1. Registers

According to the different tasks of the program it is divided into

different registers and menus. Figure 10 shows the main screen

of the LokProgrammer software and its main components:

•Virtual Cab: Here you can test decoders in an easy manner

•Modifying CV’s: individual adjustment of CVs provided the

decoder supports DCC (NMRA).

•Decoder: for comfortable programming of ESU decoders with

a graphic display

•Sound: this serves for modifying sounds or to generate new

sound compositions for LokSound decoders.

Fig.10.: Main screen

5.2. T5.2. T

5.2. Task barask bar

ask barask bar

ask bar

Fig.11.: Task bar

•File: in this menu you can do the following with projects:

Generate a new project,

load resp. „open“ a new project, save a project

Please note that all files of the LokProgrammer software version

2.6.6. can only be opened and changed when software version

2.6.6. is used!

You can also call up the internet update facility (refer to 2.5)

and close the LokProgrammer software.

During „Saving“ all data, settings and sound files will be written

into the project file. Project files are saved with the ending

„.esu“.

• Programmer: here you can read and write decoder data and

read sound files and allocatement of addresses. Extended

decoder data such as type of decoder and version number of

the firmware can also be read here.

Fig.12.: Menu „Programmer“

•Editing: in this menu you can enter additional info such as the

name of the locomotive or a photo and description of the

locomotive. It is also possible to convert LokSound 2 project files

into the current format of the LokProgrammer. After this

procedure you may have to check the CV values since not all

CVs can be transferred.

•Settings: here you can determine the project directory and the

programming language (German or English). Please note that

the new language only operates after restarting the program.

•Help: here you can open this manual and obtain other

information on this software

5.3. T5.3. T

5.3. Tool barool bar

ool barool bar

ool bar

„Add Sound File“. This button is only active when a sound file

was selected in the window „Folder“ or at the „Sound“ register.

„Delete Sound File“. This button is only active when a sound

file was selected in the window „Project Sound“ or at the

„Sound“ register.

„Play Sound File“ for testing purposes. This button is active

when a sound file was selected.

„Play Sound File continuously“. This button is active when a

sound file was selected. This type of replay is useful for sound

loops (driving noises).

„Stop Playing Sound Loop“. This button is active when a sound

file was selected.

It is possible to first listen to sounds on your PC prior to adding

them to a project. Mark the file you want to listen to in the

window „Folder“ (in the window „Sound“ / „Schedule“ in the

lower half of the left column). Then click onto

or .

To finish click onto .In this manner you can also listen to

sounds that are already contained in the list „Project Sounds“.

„Read Decoder Data“: Prior to changing any data on the

decoder it is advisable to read out all decoder data. Place the

locomotive on the programming track and make sure the

programming track is correctly connected.

Then click onto „Read CVs of the Decoder“ in the task bar at

the top of the screen. Alternately you can select the command

„Read out Decoder Data …“ in the menu „Programmer“. The

program starts to read the data immediately. Please be patient,

this process may take one or two minutes.

The status is displayed in the progress bar.

Should the program not be able to read the data please refer

to chapter 13.1.

„Write Decoder Data“: The CVs contained in the project file

will be written onto the decoder connected to the

LokProgrammer. Click „Continue“ in the window that opens

first in order to write the CVs.

All data on the decoder will be replaced by the new data.

Main Screen

Virtual Driver’s Cab

„Write Sound Files“: This button enables you to write the sound

files contained in the project file onto the decoder connected

to the LokProgrammer. Click „Continue“ in the window that

opens first in order to write the sound files. Depending on the

size of the file and the size of the memory this may take up to

10 minutes.

Please bear in mind, that you have to write the CVs once

again, if you have made any changes.

„Write Address Allocations“. Any data contained in the project

file regarding the allocation (e.g.: sound slots to function buttons)

will be written onto the decoder.

The following fields next to the tool bar are of purely informa-

tive character:

This field shows the decoder type connected to the

LokProgrammer. In this example it is a LokSound decoder version

3.5. Of course you can work with any LokSound decoders (as

from LokSound 2 upwards), as well as LokPilot-types in DCC

(NMRA), Motorola®, M4 and Selectrix ®.

This field shows the size of the sound memory of the decoder.

Depending on the type this could be 1Mbit, 2Mbit, 4 Mbit

(LokSound 2), 8Mbit or 16Mbit (LokSound 3.5).

6. Virtual driver’s cab

With the aid of the virtual cab you can test decoders. You can

run the locomotive and trigger all functions. Therefore you can

test run your locomotive on the programming track with the

LokProgrammer.

Fig.13.: Virtual Driver’s Cab

There are some limitations, though: the LokProgrammer limits

the permitted current to about 400 mA. Should the motor of

the locomotive draw a higher current then the over current

protection will be triggered and the power to the programming

track will be shut off. This is indicated by the blinking yellow

LED on the LokProgrammer. In this case deactivate the virtual

cab and then turn it on again.

All other functions in this register are self explanatory: You can

enter the address and the number of speed steps. Please make

sure that the speed steps matches the ones set on the

LokProgrammer.

The LokProgrammer can run locomotives in DCC format, as

from version 2.5 also in the Motorola® format. Due to the

hardware the LokProgrammer cannot handle M4. Test your

M4 projects in the Motorola® format.

Please check that your programming track is fully isolated from

the mainline of your layout prior to turning on the virtual cab.

Should there be any electrical bridge it could damage the

LokProgrammer (also refer to 2.2.)!

Activate the locomotive for the test run by clicking the field

„Activate Cab“.

Control the speed of the locomotive with the slide throttle.

Clicking into the appropriate fields turns functions on and off.

Up to function F12 you may also press the numbers on your

computer keyboard.

Please bear in mind that running a locomotive with the

LokProgrammer cannot and should not substitute a command

station: due to the limited power of the power pack you will

not be able to run more than one locomotive at any one time.

The virtual cab simply gives you the opportunity to quickly test

run your locomotive.

7. Edit CVs

In the register „Edit CVs“ you can read or write individual CVs.

Select the register „Read / Write CVs“.

Fig.14.: Subwindow „Edit CVs“

Read a CV:

• Enter the number of the CV you want to read in the upper

data entry field.

• Press the button „Read CVs“.

• The result will be shown in binary and decimal format.

Write a CV:

• Enter the number of the CV you want to write in the field at

the top.

• Write the new value of the CV in the lower data entry field.

• Click onto the button „Write CVs“.

• The CV will be overwritten with the new value.

You can also read out the manufacturer’s code. Simply click

onto „Read Data“.

Please bear in mind that any changes made here are not

automatically displayed under „Decoder“. You must first read

out the decoder data (also refer to chapter 5.3).

You will find a comprehensive list of CVs in 13.1.

8. The „decoder“ register

All settings regarding the motor control part of the decoder

are handled in the „Decoder“ register. Please note that this

only be displayed in this field after you have generated a new

project, opened an existing project or read out a decoder.

Projects are an image of all data stored on a decoder.

Fig.15.: The „Decoder“ register

The buttons that let you go to the different options are on the

left of the screen. Besides movement and sound behaviour you

can adjust specific settings such as brake mode, address, etc.

On the following pages we will explain the parameters and

options.

Subwindow „Decoder“

8.1. View window „address“8.1. View window „address“

8.1. View window „address“

8.1.1. Address (CV 1, CV 17, CV 18)8.1.1. Address (CV 1, CV 17, CV 18)

8.1.1. Address (CV 1, CV 17, CV 18)

All modifications of the address are done in the window

„Address“. Subject to the decoder type so called short (two

digits, CV1) or long addresses (four digits, CV17 and CV18) can

be used.

Please note that any settings in these CVs are only effective for

operation with NMRA-DCC compliant command stations.

When operating decoders with the Märklin® / Motorola®-

protocol a separate address, namely the Märklin®-address is

valid.

You may enter a second address for M4-decoders in Motorola®

mode in order to activate F5 to F8. Normally this would be the

address of the decoder plus 1.

8.1.2. Consist settings (CV 19)8.1.2. Consist settings (CV 19)

8.1.2. Consist settings (CV 19)

The DCC consist address is useful for multiple traction. It is also

possible to activate function outputs for consists as well as

function buttons for consist mode.

In some cases it is desirable to set certain functions in consist

mode in such a way that the function is actually triggered by

pressing one button in both (or all) locomotives (e.g.: lights).

Click onto the appropriate button of the function that should

be activated in consist mode.

8.2. Driving characteristics8.2. Driving characteristics

8.2. Driving characteristics

8.2.1. Selecting the number of speed steps (CV 29,8.2.1. Selecting the number of speed steps (CV 29,

8.2.1. Selecting the number of speed steps (CV 29,

CV 49)CV 49)

CV 49)

Here you can adjust more settings for running your locomotive.

In DCC mode you have to first set the number of speed steps to

14, 28 or 128 or alternately to automatic detection of speed

steps.

8.2.2. Reverse mode (CV 29)8.2.2. Reverse mode (CV 29)

8.2.2. Reverse mode (CV 29)

A tick at „Reverse mode“ changes the direction of travel and

the directional characteristics of the headlights. This is useful in

case the wiring has been done incorrectly (swapping of track

leads or motor leads).

8.2.3. Acceleration and deceleration (CV 3, CV 4)8.2.3. Acceleration and deceleration (CV 3, CV 4)

8.2.3. Acceleration and deceleration (CV 3, CV 4)

This option allows you to set the acceleration time (CV3)

respectively the braking time (CV4). The time is calculated by

multiplying the CV-value with 0.869 seconds.

The acceleration time is the time the locomotive takes from

stop to maximum speed. Of course the acceleration time from

stop to mid speed is accordingly shorter.

The same is valid for the braking time. This is the time from

maximum speed until the locomotive stops.

8.2.4. Supported brake modes (CV 51)8.2.4. Supported brake modes (CV 51)

8.2.4. Supported brake modes (CV 51)

Here the brake modes can be selected. The LokProgrammer

supports the Märklin®-, Zimo- and Lenz-brake modes.

8.2.5. T8.2.5. T

8.2.5. Trim (CV 66, CV 95)rim (CV 66, CV 95)

rim (CV 66, CV 95)rim (CV 66, CV 95)

rim (CV 66, CV 95)

The trim function allows you to set the maximum speed

separately for forward and reverse movement. The factor

that is used to multiply the motor voltage, results from dividing

the CV-value by 128 (forward CV 66 and reverse CV 95).

8.3. Motor8.3. Motor

8.3. Motor

8.3.1. DC motor PWM frequency (CV 49)8.3.1. DC motor PWM frequency (CV 49)

8.3.1. DC motor PWM frequency (CV 49)

Here you can select the desired tact frequency for motor control

(pulse width modulation). The possible values are 15kHz and

30kHz. LokSound decoders as from V3.5 are normally set to

30kHz.

8.3.2. Load compensation (CV 49, CV 53, CV 54,8.3.2. Load compensation (CV 49, CV 53, CV 54,

8.3.2. Load compensation (CV 49, CV 53, CV 54,

CV 55 and CV 56)CV 55 and CV 56)

CV 55 and CV 56)

Load compensation helps to adjust the motor power in case of

obstructions such as gradients.

First of all you may decide if you want to use load compensation

or not (CV 49). Then you can set the reference voltage (CV 53)

and the two control parameters K and I (CV 54 and 55).

Furthermore you can set the impact (effectiveness) of load

compensation (CV 56). At 100%, load compensation is active

over the entire speed range; at 50% it is only active up to half

the maximum speed.

With this setting your locomotives benefit from load

compensation at lower speeds while their speed changes

prototypically on gradients.

The numbers of values respectively the values themselves are

subject to the type of decoder. For useful values please consult

chapter X.1 or the user manual of your decoder.

8.3.3. Speed curves (CV 2, CV 5, CV 6, CV 26,8.3.3. Speed curves (CV 2, CV 5, CV 6, CV 26,

8.3.3. Speed curves (CV 2, CV 5, CV 6, CV 26, ......

......

...

and CV 67-97)and CV 67-97)

and CV 67-97)

The field „Speed Curves“ gives you a choice of a three-point-

speed curve or a user-defined speed curve.

The three-point-speed-curve is determined by the start voltage

(CV 2), the medium speed (CV 6) and the maximum speed (CV

5).

The speed curve has a higher resolution with 28 speed steps.

Subject to the selected speed steps you can move the individu-

al speed points up and down with the mouse and adjust them

to the most prototypical setting.

The three-point-speed-curve and the individual speed curve

with 28 entries are valid for all operating modes: DCC 14, 28 or

128 speed steps, Motorola® format (14 speed steps) or M4;

the selected speed curve will always be adapted (interpolated)

to the actual speed mode.

With the choice menu „Default“ you can enter a simple linear

or exponential speed curve.

8.4. DCC / Analogue8.4. DCC / Analogue

8.4. DCC / Analogue

8.4.1. Zimo® manual function (CV 49)8.4.1. Zimo® manual function (CV 49)

8.4.1. Zimo® manual function (CV 49)

Activates the Zimo® manual function.

8.4.2. Analogue mode (CV 29)8.4.2. Analogue mode (CV 29)

8.4.2. Analogue mode (CV 29)

Activates the analogue mode.

8.4.3. Supported analogue modes and settings8.4.3. Supported analogue modes and settings

8.4.3. Supported analogue modes and settings

(CV 50, CV 125, CV 126, CV 127 and CV 128)(CV 50, CV 125, CV 126, CV 127 and CV 128)

(CV 50, CV 125, CV 126, CV 127 and CV 128)

In analogue mode load compensation is not active. Therefore

by using the appropriate slide control you can adapt the start

voltage and the maximum speed separately for AC or DC

analogue mode to match the characteristics of your motor or

transformer.

Furthermore you can select the functions that should be active

in analogue mode (DC, AC or both; CV 50).

8.4.4. Analogue mode F1-F8 / Analogue mode FL,8.4.4. Analogue mode F1-F8 / Analogue mode FL,

8.4.4. Analogue mode F1-F8 / Analogue mode FL,

F9-F12 (CV 13, CV 14)F9-F12 (CV 13, CV 14)

F9-F12 (CV 13, CV 14)

Since most analogue layouts do not have input devices to trigger

functions, these parameters allow you to pre-select which

functions should be automatically active in analogue mode.

It is recommended to turn on the sound (default value F1) and

the smoke generator of steam locomotives (often F4).

Furthermore the headlights in both directions would be switched

on in analogue mode (marked as FL(f) and FL(r) in the register).

Functions F9 and F10 can also be set as directional functions

(F9(f), F9(r), F10(f), F10(r)).

Subwindow „Decoder“

8.5. Sound settings8.5. Sound settings

8.5. Sound settings

This window shows the behaviour of all sounds that are related

to the movement of the locomotive, also characteristics of

Random Sounds and main volume control. However, we are

not talking about the actual sound files (wav-files) but the

parameters that control these sound files.

Of course these settings must match the type of sound files

stored on the decoder. Otherwise some absurd results may

occur when for instance steam sounds are stored on the

decoder but the settings here are for a diesel locomotive.

On the other hand there is no limit to the creative use of the

LokProgrammer for achieving exceptional sound effects. For

instance it is quite easy to insert discussions between engineer

and fireman, station announcements or even music into the

project and to replay them with your LokSound decoder.

8.5.1. T8.5.1. T

8.5.1. Type of sounds (CV 57, CV 58)ype of sounds (CV 57, CV 58)

ype of sounds (CV 57, CV 58)ype of sounds (CV 57, CV 58)

ype of sounds (CV 57, CV 58)

Selection of locomotive type (also refer to chapter 3.1.):

•Diesel locomotive - hydraulic

•Diesel locomotive with manual transmission

•Diesel-electric locomotive or electric locomotive

Here it is possible to use only one sound file for driving and to

add extra effects with „Interval between Throttle Notches“. It

is necessary to set the „Speed of Driving sound“ to the

appropriate value (also see 8.5.4) in order to make differences

in pitch audible.

„Interval between Throttle Notches“ divides the speed curve

into certain sectors in which the driving noise is played at a

different pitch. If this parameter is set to „1“ the decoder will

play the driving noises without audible throttle notches.

•Steam locomotives without external wheel sensor: the exhaust

chuffs can be synchronized with the revolutions of the drivers.

The time between the exhaust chuffs is determined by

multiplying the value of CV 57 („Interval between Exhaust

Chuffs at Speed Step 1“) by 0.064 seconds.

The value of CV 58 („… and at Speed Step 2“) determines the

degree of reduction of the time between exhaust chuffs with

increasing speed starting at speed step 2.

Since these settings depend on the circumference of the drivers,

the selected maximum speed and the motor characteristics

they have to be determined by trial and error. The

LokProgrammer in conjunction with a test oval provides the

best testing conditions.

More info on synchronizing without external sensor can be

found in chapter 12.2.

•Steam locomotive with external wheel sensor: Steam

locomotives with external wheel sensors are very common in

the large scales such as G and 1 gauge. The parameter „Trig-

ger Pulse“ (CV 58) determines after how many pulses from the

sensor the exhaust chuff will be played. The decoder

differentiates between „On“ and „Off“ pulses. If CV 58 is set

to „1“ then the decoder will play an exhaust cuff for each

„On“ and „Off“ pulse. Value „2“ triggers an exhaust chuff for

each „On“ pulse while value 4 triggers the chuff for every

second „On“ pulse. The default value is „2“. In principle the

value can be increased up to 250.

8.5.2. Minimum time between exhaust chuffs (CV 249)8.5.2. Minimum time between exhaust chuffs (CV 249)

8.5.2. Minimum time between exhaust chuffs (CV 249)

Normally exhaust chuffs are speed dependant. However, in

case of a somewhat unfortunate configuration of wheel

circumference and maximum speed this could lead to an

undesirable sound at high speeds rather like a machine gun

and not like a steam locomotive.

To counter this effect you can adjust „Minimum Time between

Exhaust Chuffs“. The value represents the minimum time

between two chuffs even when the maximum speed has not

yet been reached.

Of course the chuffs are not synchronized to the drivers any

more at that stage but this is hardly noticeable at high speeds.

8.5.3. Random sounds (CV 61, CV 62)8.5.3. Random sounds (CV 61, CV 62)

8.5.3. Random sounds (CV 61, CV 62)

In this field you can activate the Random Sounds and the time

intervals between them.

The LokSound decoder plays the Random Sounds arbitrarily

within these minimum and maximum intervals. The values

correspond with seconds (also refer to 9.5).

8.5.4. Speed of driving sound (CV 59, 60)8.5.4. Speed of driving sound (CV 59, 60)

8.5.4. Speed of driving sound (CV 59, 60)

These parameters allow you to simulate the revs of the motor.

The sound files for the driving sound are the basis. The value is

given in %. 100% means original speed of the sound file,

200% twice the speed. The pitch is changed subject to the

speed. One could compare this effect with a cassette player

that is running too slowly. If you set the value of „… at the

highest Speed Step“ to 100% then the driving sound will remain

constant (provided you have only one sound file for driving).

8.5.5. Brake sound threshold (CV 64)8.5.5. Brake sound threshold (CV 64)

8.5.5. Brake sound threshold (CV 64)

Here you determine when exactly the decoder starts playing

the brake squeal. The higher the value, the sooner the squeal

will start.

8.5.6. Sound8.5.6. Sound

8.5.6. Sound vv

volume (CV 63, CV 121, CV 122 and CV 123)olume (CV 63, CV 121, CV 122 and CV 123)

olume (CV 63, CV 121, CV 122 and CV 123)olume (CV 63, CV 121, CV 122 and CV 123)

olume (CV 63, CV 121, CV 122 and CV 123)

The sound volume can be adjusted to match the speaker with

the slide controls.

Controls 1, 2 and 3 can be used as group controls. The overall

volume (CV 63) influences controls 1, 2 and 3. Control 1 (CV

121) is intended for horns and whistles, control 2 (CV 122) for

bells and control 3 (CV 123) for additional sounds. This is only a

suggestion. Of course you may use the controls for other sound

groups as well. The advantage of the group control is that you

could link for instance the driving noise of a steam locomotive

to one group in order to be able to adjust the volume of all

exhaust chuffs simultaneously should they be too loud or too

quiet compared to User Sounds or Random Sounds.

8.5.7. Load dependent sound (CV124)8.5.7. Load dependent sound (CV124)

8.5.7. Load dependent sound (CV124)

If the decoder registers a load – i.e.: when load compensation

becomes active – the driving noises will be played louder. This

works only if the overall volume is set to a lower value than

maximum. Only then are some „volume reserves“ available.

8.5.8. Sound steam shift (CV250, CV251, CV252)8.5.8. Sound steam shift (CV250, CV251, CV252)

8.5.8. Sound steam shift (CV250, CV251, CV252)

One can hear that the chuffs of compound steam locomotives

are generated by two drive mechanisms. The LokProgrammer

achieves this effect by adding an additional exhaust chuff

between the regular ones. This extra chuff continuously changes

its timing relative to the regular chuffs.

After activating „Sound Steam Shift“ the following parameters

can be edited:

•Duration of steam shift: here you determine how long the

shifted chuff needs to go from the earliest possible relative

start position to the latest start position and back again. The

value entered here is a relative value and must be determined

by testing.

•Earliest relative start position for steam shift: in order to avoid

that the additional chuff is played at the same time as the

regular one and thus would lead to over-modulation of the

sound it is recommended to slightly delay the steam shift.

This delay is set in this parameter.

•Latest relative start position for steam shift: in order to avoid

that the additional chuff is played at the same time as the

following regular chuff and thus would lead to over-modulation

of the sound it is recommended to bring forward the end of

the steam shift. This can be set with this parameter.

Fig.16: Steam Shift Schematic

8.6. Function mapping8.6. Function mapping

8.6. Function mapping

Here you can allocate functions to each function button.

Depending on the decoder type there are the function buttons

FL and F1 to F15.

Please note that Märklin®-Motorola® systems only support

the buttons F1 to F4. F5 to F8, however, can be activated by

means of a second address (see 10.4).

Figure 14 provides an overview of possible settings.

For allocating a certain function to a certain button tick the

appropriate field at the intersection of the column „Function

Button“ and the line „Function“.

Please remember that function mapping is stored in the CVs.

Therefore you should always read the decoder data first in

order to get to know the current status before making any

changes (also see chapter 5.3). The functions are allocateed

with the CVs 129 – 230 (also refer to 13.1.).

You may allocate several functions to one button. You could

for instance trigger a sound effect or other functions every

time you switch AUX1.

However, it is not possible to play two or more sounds

simultaneously by pressing one function button.

Please note that functions can be allocateed separately for

forward (f) and reverse (r) motion. Thus the behaviour of some

functions can vary subject to direction of travel and / or diffe-

rent sounds could be triggered (e.g.: directional horn signals). If

you wish to allocate a function for both directions simply enter

the function respectively the sound in both columns of the

corresponding function allocatement.

8.6.1. Description of the matrix columns8.6.1. Description of the matrix columns

8.6.1. Description of the matrix columns

• FS(f), FS(r): Allocated functions and sounds will be activated

automatically while the locomotive is standing and thus are not

switched with a function button.

• FF(f), FF(r): Allocated functions and sounds will be activated

automatically while the locomotive is moving and thus are not

switched with a function button.

• FL(F), FL(r): Allocated functions and sounds will be activated via

the lighting button of the command station (respectively by F0

in the „Virtual Cab“).

• F1(f), F1(r) to F15(f), F(r): Allocated functions and sounds will be

activated via the function buttons 1-15 of the command station.

In the following paragraphs the individual options (lines) in the

function mapping register and their effects will be explained.

8.6.2. Head lights, back-up lights8.6.2. Head lights, back-up lights

8.6.2. Head lights, back-up lights

Normally the headlights and back-up lights are wired in such a

way that they are switched subject to direction of movement.

Set a cross into „Headlights“ at FL(f) and another one for

„Back-up Lights“ at FL(r).

Now you can switch the lights with the lighting button of your

command station or throttle respectively with „F0“ of the

virtual cab. In Fig. 14 you see the default entry for the lights in

the columns FL (f) and FL (r) for locomotives with standard

wiring.

8.6.3. Aux 1-48.6.3. Aux 1-4

8.6.3. Aux 1-4

With the aid of AUX outputs you can activate (electro-)

mechanical functions of your locomotive (e.g.: smoke generator,

pantograph, etc.) in accordance with the wiring.

Please note that decoders with the 8-pole plug support only

AUX 1 and 2. Decoders with the 21-pole plug „mtc“ also

support AUX 4. XL-decoders have 6 AUX outputs (AUX 1-6).

8.6.4. Acceleration and coasting of diesel locomotives8.6.4. Acceleration and coasting of diesel locomotives

8.6.4. Acceleration and coasting of diesel locomotives

Here you can play the idle and driving sounds while standing still

and moving. Activate the function „Accelerate Diesel“ then

the decoder shifts from the sound of the current speed step to

the sounds of the following higher speed steps until you

deactivate this function no matter at what speed or if the

locomotive is standing still. The actual speed (or no movement

if the locomotive was stationary prior to your first command)

remains intact.

When you trigger „Coasting“ then the above sequence will be

played in reverse without changing the actual status of

movement or standing still.

This function serves to rev the diesel motor wile standing or to

simulate the sound of a locomotive with a heavy load (for

instance on a gradient). This function is only appropriate for

diesel-electric locomotives.

It is best to allocate this function to both directions.

Fig.17.: Function Outputs Matrix

Subwindow „Decoder“

8.6.11. V8.6.11. V

8.6.11. Volume / Muteolume / Mute

olume / Muteolume / Mute

olume / Mute

With this function you can mute the sound and – by double

clicking – you can set 4 different levels of the overall volume. It

is best to allocate this function to both directions.

8.6.12. Dynamic brake8.6.12. Dynamic brake

8.6.12. Dynamic brake

In order to simulate this function, that is often present in diesel

and electric locomotives, as close to the original as possible the

acceleration and deceleration is reduced to half the time. It is

best to allocate this function to both directions.

8.6.13. Sound slots8.6.13. Sound slots

8.6.13. Sound slots

Here you enter the numbers of the desired user sound slots. If

you have already imported some user sound slots then you can

click onto the corresponding square with the right mouse button.

A choice list appears showing all occupied sound slot numbers

and the corresponding sound files.

Fig.19.: Popup Menu for selecting the Sound Slots

8.6.14.8.6.14.

8.6.14. Configuration of outputsConfiguration of outputs

Configuration of outputsConfiguration of outputs

Configuration of outputs ..................................................

..................................................

.........................

(lights and AUX-outputs) (CV 113- CV 120)(lights and AUX-outputs) (CV 113- CV 120)

(lights and AUX-outputs) (CV 113- CV 120)

This parameter allows you to adjust the type and intensity of

physical outputs.

The available choices are:

•Dimmer: uniform voltage is available at the output for operating

constant functions.

•Blinking light (Phase 1) / Blinking light (Phase 2)

•Strobe: Stroboscopic effect

•Double Strobe: Stroboscopic effect with double blinking

•Fire box: generates flickering light for the imitation of the open

fire box. This function makes sense in conjunction with the

sound of shovelling coal.

•Smoke generator: while the locomotive is stopped a smoke

generator only heats to a limited degree when operating in

conjunction with driving noises. However, it operates to its

maximum in synchronization with the exhaust chuffs during

movement. If you wish to simulate a uniform amount of smoke

coming out of the chimney it is recommended to set the output

function for the smoke generator to „Dimmer“.

Fig.18.: Notch behaviour

8.6.5. Acceleration / Deceleration8.6.5. Acceleration / Deceleration

8.6.5. Acceleration / Deceleration

This function turns off the delay in accelerating or slowing

down as set in the window „Driving Characteristics“ (also refer

to 8.2.3.).

This is useful when the locomotive is set to shunting mode and

therefore should respond quicker to your commands.

It is best to allocate this function to both directions.

8.6.6. Shunting mode8.6.6. Shunting mode

8.6.6. Shunting mode

This function reduces the speed to half of the current speed. It

is recommended to allocate the shunting mode to the same

function as the acceleration / deceleration. It is best to allocate

this function to both directions.

8.6.7. Sound on / off8.6.7. Sound on / off

8.6.7. Sound on / off

With this you activate all driving noises and all other sounds that

depend on the driving noises. It is best to allocate this function

to both directions.

8.6.8. Shift mode8.6.8. Shift mode

8.6.8. Shift mode

All alternative sound slots that are parallel to the regular sounds

are activated with shift mode. When shift mode is active all

regular sound slots are deactivated (also refer to chapter 9.7.).

Pure (electromechanical) functions are affected by this.

8.6.9. Fan sound8.6.9. Fan sound

8.6.9. Fan sound

This function activates the sound channel for the fan that runs

parallel to the actual driving noise. This function is particularly

useful for electric locomotives where you can hear the fan

continuously in the background.

It is best to allocate this function to both directions.

8.6.10. Doppler effect8.6.10. Doppler effect

8.6.10. Doppler effect

This function simulates the so called Doppler Effect as it is

heard when a train is moving away very quickly. This function is

most useful in combination with the sound of a horn or a

whistle activated with the same function button (how to activate

the Doppler Effect during operation is described in chapter

13.1.1.).

It is best to allocate this function to both directions.

•Fade lights up and down: contrary to the setting „Dimmer“ the

lights do not appear at full brightness immediately but are

slowly fading up respectively down.

•Mars light: Simulation of a blinking warning light mainly used

on American locomotives.

•Gyro light: Simulation of a rotating beacon.

•Rule 17 forward / rule 17 back-up: simulates a dimming method

of American headlights.

•Pulse (limited time): lights up when activated and switches off

after a certain time automatically. The „Switch-on Period“ is

set with the „Brightness“ controller.

•Ditch light (Phase 1) / ditch light (Phase 2): Setting for additional

headlights for American locomotives

8.6.15. Blinking frequency of strobe effects (CV 112)8.6.15. Blinking frequency of strobe effects (CV 112)

8.6.15. Blinking frequency of strobe effects (CV 112)

The time can be set between 0.262 seconds (value 4) up to

4.194 seconds (value 64) and affects all blinking effects.

8.6.16. Activate LGB® mode (CV 49)8.6.16. Activate LGB® mode (CV 49)

8.6.16. Activate LGB® mode (CV 49)

All ESU decoders except M4 can be operated with the LGB

multiple train control system (MZS). This mode must be activated

here prior to use.

8.6.17. Behaviour of function buttons8.6.17. Behaviour of function buttons

8.6.17. Behaviour of function buttons ..................................

..................................

.................

(LokSound 2 mode) (CV 49)(LokSound 2 mode) (CV 49)

(LokSound 2 mode) (CV 49)

In LokSound 2 mode all sounds and functions will be activated

whenever the function button is pressed (on or off).

8.6.18. Märklin® delta mode (CV 49)8.6.18. Märklin® delta mode (CV 49)

8.6.18. Märklin® delta mode (CV 49)

Here you can set the decoder for operation with Märklin®

Delta-devices.

8.7. Manual CV entry8.7. Manual CV entry

8.7. Manual CV entry

The LokProgrammer software offers all CVs at a glance. In this

display you can adjust all CVs in decimal values and save the CV

list as a text document.

Change CVs manually:Change CVs manually:

Change CVs manually:

• Click onto the field with the decimal values of the CV you want

to change

• Enter the new value

• Click onto the button „Check Values and Accept“.

Export CVExport CV

Export CV-List as text file:-List as text file:

-List as text file:-List as text file:

-List as text file:

• Click onto the button „Export…“

• Save the file as .txt-file in the desired folder

• Now you can read and print this file with any text processing

program. Changes in this document do not affect the project

file in the LokProgrammer.

Sound

8.8. Special options (CV 124)8.8. Special options (CV 124)

8.8. Special options (CV 124)

Here you can pre-select certain options so they are available

after an interruption of power on your layout.

•„Save Direction of Travel“ activates the so called „Directional

Bit“, a Märklin®-specific term that refers to the layout-specific

direction of travel.

•„Save Status of Function Buttons“ assures that all functions

recommence their status after an interruption of power.

•„Save Current Target Speed“ preserves the „old“ speed in the

decoder.

• When „Accelerate after a Reset with the Programmed Delay“

is set, the locomotive will accelerate as per the programmed

parameters; otherwise it will „jump-start“.

If a decoder supports these options is subject to the version of

the decoder firmware.

8.9. Identification (CV 7, CV 8)8.9. Identification (CV 7, CV 8)

8.9. Identification (CV 7, CV 8)

This read-only option provides the manufacturer’s ID (CV 8)

and the internal version number of the decoder firmware (CV

7). The manufacturer’s code of ESU is „151“. If you write the

value „8“ into CV 8 then you trigger a factory-reset (default

values) but do not delete the manufacturer’s ID. The value of

CV 8 will always remain at „151“. Entering value „8“ simply

triggers the reset.

All LokSound types offer two user fields for any personal codes,

etc. in („User-ID 1“ and „User-ID 2“).

9. Sounds

In 1999 the very first LokSound „classic“ decoder already

offered the feature to store real sounds and to change them

at will or replace them with completely different ones. Since

then each LokSound decoder is a platform for all sorts of sound

sequences that may occur when operating railways. This uni-

versal and very flexible concept even allows to store and replay

music or voices besides the typical railway sounds. There is no

limit to your imagination.

In order to make sure that you can utilize the multiple features

of the LokSound decoders to the optimum we will explain

below first the general concept of the sound module of

LokSound decoders and then the specific methods of the

software. You should make a point of reading this introduction

before you start any specific sound project. Without

understanding the concept you may not fully realize the po-

tential of the software.

We explain the concept based on the LokSound decoder version

3.5. This is also valid for LokSound micro and LokSound XL. M4

offers at least partially different features that are described in

chapter 10.

Older LokSound 2-decoders have perhaps less functions to

offer, but the principle remains the same. Since the LokSound

2 decoder is no longer manufactured it will not be dealt with in

this manual.

9.1. Concept of LokSound9.1. Concept of LokSound

9.1. Concept of LokSound

The decoder has an internal memory chip with 8 MBit (LokSound

hardware 3.3) or 16 MBit (LokSound hardware 3.5) capacity.

This is enough for 69 respectively 138 seconds of digital sound.

In order to achieve a continuous sound that does not stop after

69 seconds we have to use a few tricks: the memory contains

only a short fragment of the motor sound (about half a second).

This fragment is played as a loop in the LokSound decoder thus

generating continuous sound.

Such tricks enable us to utilize the memory space to the

optimum. The number of sounds is not pre-determined and is

only limited by the size of the memory.

Generally this is sufficient to store all necessary sounds for a

locomotive. A simple steam locomotive can be equipped with

sound with only 20 seconds of sound fragments. That includes

the bell, whistle, air pump, etc.

There are three categories of sounds: Driving sounds, Random

Sounds and User Sounds (sounds that are triggered by the

user).

The LokSound decoder works with a „schedule“. It contains all

information such as when to play which sound.

The different stages are connected with arrows and thus

represent the possible changes from one stage to the next.

The driving noises are stored in so called sound slots and are

called up according to the pre-determined speed of the

locomotive.

Sound Fragments of varying number are entered into the Sound

Slots. There must be at least three sound fragments in each

sound slot. These three standard sound fragments are generally

used as start, middle and end part of the respective sound (also

refer to 9.2.1.). The sound fragments do not have to fill the

available memory space completely. At certain points (for

instance within a throttle notch) it only makes sense to enter

the sound loop of the motor.

Whenever the LokSound module undergoes a change of status

the sound fragments in the corresponding sound slots will be

played.

If there should be no sound at a certain stage or change of

status then the corresponding field of the sound slot must

remain empty.

Empty sound slots are displayed in white while sounds slots that

contain sound fragments are displayed in blue.

Random Sounds are stored in „Extra Sound Slots“ and will be

played according to the settings in the register „Decoder“ (also

refer to chapter 8.5.3).

User Sounds are also stored in their own sound slots. These

sound slots are allocated to the desired function buttons in

function mapping (also refer to 8.6.).

9.2. Basic methodology for working in the9.2. Basic methodology for working in the

9.2. Basic methodology for working in the ....................

....................

..........

„Sound“ register„Sound“ register

„Sound“ register

9.2.1. Nomenclature9.2.1. Nomenclature

9.2.1. Nomenclature

For your better understanding we have defined the terminology

for the three fields within a sound slot in the following chapters

as outlined below:

• The starting part is called „Init“(„initial“)

• The middle part is called „Loop“

• The final part is called „Exit“

These terms relate to the standard application of these fields

for ESU products (also refer to chapter 12). Regardless of the

terminology you could for instance enter a loop sound into the

Init field (also refer to 9.6.).

For each of the three parts of a sound slot you can use diffe-

rent sound files that are then played by the decoder in sequence.

We call the groups-of-three in the data entry fields sound

Slots. They are located within the squares in the project schedule

and in the windows „Random Sounds“ and „User Sounds“.

9.2.2. Importing / Deleting sounds in projects9.2.2. Importing / Deleting sounds in projects

9.2.2. Importing / Deleting sounds in projects

Figure 17 shows the lower part of the view „Sound“. In the

right column („Project Sounds“) are all the sounds listed that

have already been imported into the project, in other words

that are to be stored in the memory.

At the bottom of the left column („Folder“) you see a data tree

of all folders on the hard disc of your PC. Besides the folder this

also shows the audio files and esu.-files. If you click onto an ESU

file the data tree is expanded and shows the sound fragments

that are already contained in the sound files (.wav).

In order to import a sound file or sound fragment from the

folders on the hard disc of your PC (or from the CD-ROM

supplied with the LokProgrammer) you proceed as follows:

• Mark the file with a mouse click, keep holding the mouse

button.

• Drag the file with the mouse from the folder into the window

„Project Sounds“. Now the desired file appears in the list of

project sounds.

Sound

In order to delete an allocation, proceed as follows.

• Open the desired sound slot by a mouse click

• Mark the file name of the sound to be deleted within the

sound slot

• Delete the allocation by pressing „Del“ on the keyboard. The

allocation will be deleted but not the file in the list „Project

Sounds“. Thus this sound may still be used within the project.

Fig.21.: : Sound Slot „D1“ (opened)

9.2.4. Extended functions in the „Sound“9.2.4. Extended functions in the „Sound“

9.2.4. Extended functions in the „Sound“

At the top left corner of this window there is another tool bar

with the following functions:

Set project as steam locomotive. This button is linked to the

parameter „Type of Sound“. (also refer to 8.5.1.).

Set project as diesel locomotive. This button is linked to the

parameter „Type of Sound“.

Set project as electric locomotive. This button is linked to the

parameter „Type of Sound“.

Edit motor. You can see and edit the schedule of the driving

noises. This button is active for all locomotive types.

Edit fan motor. The schedule of the fan sound channel will be

opened (also refer to chapter 9.3.2.).

Further settings: Here you can edit auxiliary functions that

relate to the schedule of steam locomotives and user sounds.

Thus you can set user sound slot 16 for the braking sound. User

sound slot 15 can be used for an automatically triggered sound

after the locomotive has stopped, such as an air pump of

steam locomotives. User sound slot 14 can be used for shift

sounds (for instance for diesel locomotives with mechanical

transmission). This does not only play the sound of shifting

gears but also the prototypical change of the revs of the

locomotive (also refer to 9.6.).

In order to remove a sound file from the list, proceed as follows:

• Mark the file with a mouse click in the column „Project Sounds“.

• Delete the file with the „Del“ button on your keyboard.

Fig.20.: Lower Part of „Sound“ Window

9.2.3. Allocate / Delete sounds to (from) sound slots9.2.3. Allocate / Delete sounds to (from) sound slots

9.2.3. Allocate / Delete sounds to (from) sound slots

All sound fragments that you want to allocate to different

sound slots must first be imported into the list „Project sounds“.

Only sounds from that list will ultimately be transferred to the

LokSound module.

A sound is allocated to a sound slot by doing the following:

• Open a square (throttle notch, random sound or user sound) to

which you want to allocate a sound with a mouse click.

• A pop-up window opens as shown in Fig. 21.

• Mark the desired file in „Project Sounds“ and keep holding the

mouse button.

• Drag the sound into the desired field in the pop-up window.

A simple option of allocation:

• Mark the desired .wav file in „Project Sounds“

• Drag the file onto the desired (but yet unopened) square. The

sound will be automatically imported into the „Loop“. The

square changes its colour from white to blue.

• This option is only suitable for sounds that have to be imported

into the loop section of the sound slot anyway (e.g.: driving

noises in loop mode or individual user sounds without Init- or

Exit-part).

Fig.22.: Menu „Extended Settings“ for Steam Locomotives

For diesel and electric locomotives only the field „Trigger Sounds

Automatically“ is available.

Add throttle notches. Depending on the number of different

available throttle notch sounds you can import up to 5 for

steam locomotives or up to 10 for diesel and electric locomotives.

These throttle notches do not correspond with the 12 resp. 28

or 128 speed steps of the digital protocols. The throttle notches

of your sound schedule will be equally divided across the entire

speed range of your command station.

Import at least one sound file into all throttle notches you want

to use otherwise one could hear a silent gap between throttle

notches when the locomotive is running.

Fig.23.: Pop-up Menu for selecting Throttle Notches

9.3. Schedule9.3. Schedule

9.3. Schedule

This and the following chapters outline the rules and possibilities

regarding the composition of sounds.

After having imported various sounds into the sound slots it is

necessary to determine when each sound should be played. All

necessary information is contained in the schedule. 9.3. Ab-

laufplan.

Fig.24.: Excerpt of Schedule

9.3.1.9.3.1.

9.3.1. Schedule for running (driving) soundsSchedule for running (driving) sounds

Schedule for running (driving) soundsSchedule for running (driving) sounds

Schedule for running (driving) sounds

This displays a graphic representation of all possible states of a

locomotive:

•„M“„M“

„M“„M“

„M“ (=“Mute“ or silent) stands for a stationary locomotive

with the sound turned off. No sounds have to be imported

here.

•„MS“„MS“

„MS“„MS“

„MS“ (=“Mute to stop“) stands for a stationary locomotive

with the sound turned on. This sound slot has two fields that

will be played in sequence (if they are both filled). This enables

you to play a two-part sound with one start, middle and end

part each simulating the starting of the motor. Here you would

import the sound of the starting diesel engine or the raising of

the pantograph of an electric locomotive.

• The sound slot „SM“„SM“

„SM“„SM“

„SM“ (=“Stop to mute“) contains „parking“

sounds such as turning off the diesel motor or lowering the

pantograph. You could also add a valve releasing compressed

air. There is no limit to what sounds you might want to play.

•„S“„S“

„S“„S“

„S“ (=“Stand“) stands for a stationary locomotive with the

sounds in idle (e.g.: the hiss of steam or the sound of an idling

diesel motor). There are two sound parts. It is important to

know that all sounds in step 2 are automatically played in loop

mode. However, you can change this if needed.

• In the stages „Dx“„Dx“

„Dx“„Dx“

„Dx“ (=“Drive“), the locomotive is moving and

plays the appropriate sounds. „x“ indicates the number of the

throttle notch.

Depending on the type of locomotive there may be up to 10

„D“ notches. Thus it is possible to allocate the sound recordings

of different notches to the corresponding speeds of the

locomotive.

• Status „A“„A“

„A“„A“

„A“ (=“Acceleration“) is reached when the locomotive

accelerates. For the decoder acceleration means the target

speed is higher than the actual speed.

An example:An example:

An example: Acceleration of the locomotive has been set to

10 seconds. The locomotive is moving slowly and you turn up

the throttle to maximum. Then the locomotive will accelerate

according to the corresponding settings for acceleration. During

this phase only the sounds imported into sound slot „A“ will be

played.

Thus it is possible to use particularly powerful exhaust chuffs or

a hard working diesel motor during acceleration. In sound slot

„A“ the appropriate sounds for each speed (notch) will be

played. Depending on the type of locomotive up to 10 „A“

notches are available. As soon as the target speed is reached

the decoder shifts into stage „D“.

•„CX“„CX“

„CX“„CX“

„CX“ (=“Coast“) is reached when the throttle is turned back

and the locomotive is coasting. Similar to the acceleration delays

that affect sound slot „A“ the braking delays affect sound slot

„CX“.

There are also transition notches since the transition from one

sound loop to the next would otherwise be to abrupt.

•„

DA“DA“

DA“ (=“Drive to acceleration“) is the transition between

driving at constant speed and acceleration. Here one could

place a howl of a motor when it starts revving up.

•„AD“„AD“

„AD“„AD“

„AD“ (=“Acceleration to drive“) is the transition from

acceleration back to driving at constant speed. This driving

step is not available for steam locomotives since we use the

same chuffs for DA and AD.

•„DC“„DC“

„DC“„DC“

„DC“ (=“Drive to coast“) is the transition from driving to

coasting.

•„CD“„CD“

„CD“„CD“

„CD“ (=“Coast to drive“) is the transition from coasting to

driving. This step is not available for steam locomotives since

we use the same chuffs for DC and CD.

Please note that you have to import one transition for each

driving notch to avoid any hard transitions or „crackling“ noises.

•„SD“„SD“

„SD“„SD“

„SD“ (=“Stop to drive“) is the sound at start of movement.

The two sound fragments are played in sequence in different

states of motion: the first sound is played shortly before the

start, when the locomotive is still stationary; the second part is

played just after the locomotive started moving. The division

into two parts is particularly meaningful for howling diesel motors

or humming electric motors; it generates a very prototypical

impression of movement and its associated sound.

•„DS“„DS“

„DS“„DS“

„DS“ (=“Drive to stop“) is the transitional sound of the motor

during stopping.

•„CS“„CS“

„CS“„CS“

„CS“ (=“Coast to stop“) is the transition from the coasting

sound to the stop sound (locomotive has stopped, motor is still

running). Often there is no audible change between CX and S.

Import the sound for idle into CS in order to avoid an audible

gap in the schedule.

Fig. 25: SD-Performance

• In diesel and electric locomotives there are two more transitions,

namely „Dxy“„Dxy“

„Dxy“„Dxy“

„Dxy“ and „Dyx“„Dyx“

„Dyx“„Dyx“

„Dyx“; „x“ stands for the number of the

previous drive notch and „y“ for the number of the following

one.

Should you not wish to utilize the option of having different

sounds for acceleration and slowing down (perhaps because

you do not have any suitable sound fragments) then you can

lock the sound slots „A“ and „CX“ (also refer to 9.3.3.) or you

can use the same settings as in sound slot „D1“. Sound slot

„D1“ must have an entry otherwise no driving noises will be

played at all.

9.3.2. Schedule for fan sounds9.3.2. Schedule for fan sounds

9.3.2. Schedule for fan sounds

In most electric locomotives there is a fan which runs parallel to

the traction motors. Therefore we have introduced a separate

schedule for the fan sounds that can be opened with the

button in the small tool bar in the „Sound“ register. This

schedule contains one step for the stationary locomotive as

well as four driving notches for the moving locomotive. These 4

driving notches are independent of the notches of the driving

noises and are equally divided over the entire speed range.

• The driving notches „M“„M“

„M“„M“

„M“, „MS“„MS“

„MS“„MS“

„MS“, „SM“„SM“

„SM“„SM“

„SM“ and „S“„S“

„S“„S“

„S“ describe the

same stages as in the schedule for running.

•„Rx“„Rx“

„Rx“„Rx“

„Rx“ stands for the fan notches with „x“ being the number of

the individual notches. There are 4 driving notches for the fan

equally divided over the entire speed range. If you want to run

up the fan to maximum speed then you must enter sound

fragments into all „R“ driving steps. If you want the fan to

remain at a constant level from a certain speed onwards you

must import the same sound fragments into the remaining

„R“-running steps to avoid an audible gap.

•„SR“„SR“

„SR“„SR“

„SR“ respectively „RS“„RS“

„RS“„RS“

„RS“ are the transitional running notches

between start and stop (analogue to „SD“ and „DS“ in the

schedule of the driving noises).

•„Rxy“„Rxy“

„Rxy“„Rxy“

„Rxy“ respectively „Ryx“„Ryx“

„Ryx“„Ryx“

„Ryx“ are (analogue to „Dxy“ and „Dyx“)

the transitional running notches between the individual fan

running notches with „x“ being the number of the previous

running notch and „y“ for the following one. Of course you can

import other parallel driving noises into the fan schedule if you

wish to do so.

Sound

Thresholds on the sound schedule

9.3.3.9.3.3.

9.3.3. Thresholds in the schedule for runningThresholds in the schedule for running

Thresholds in the schedule for runningThresholds in the schedule for running

Thresholds in the schedule for running ............

............

......

(driving) sounds(driving) sounds

(driving) sounds

In order to be able to play the driving noises correctly for each

situation the LokSound decoder uses thresholds. These

thresholds define the limits where the sound should change.

The LokSound decoder differentiates between two types of

thresholds:

• Thresholds that divide the speed values between stop and the

maximum speed. These values range from 0 to 255 and are

shown in a horizontal arrangement in the driving sound schedule.

• Thresholds that work according to the difference between

target speed and actual speed. Here the decoder compares

the current speed of the motor with the target speed as given

by the command station resp. the throttle. These thresholds

become effective whenever the locomotive accelerates or

slows down and have a range between -128 to 127 (including 0).

• Time parameters that determine the time between idle and

re-entry of the driving sound. The following illustration provides

an overview on how to deal with thresholds:

Example:Example:

Example: Your project has 4 driving notches that are equally

divided over the entire speed range between 0 and 255 („63“

between D1 and D2, „127“ between D2 and D3, „191“

between D3 and D4). You slowly increase speed in DCC mode

(DCC 28). The driving sounds will change between driving notch

7 and 8, 14 and 15 and 21 and 22 provided the speed curve is

linear.

The value 15 has been entered between step D1 and DA1 (also

refer to Fig. : 26). You drive your locomotive in speed step 1

(DCC 28 mode) and then accelerate to speed step 10 (this

roughly corresponds with the internal value 91). The difference

of the internal values between target speed and actual speed

is about 82 (for a range from 0 – 255 instead of 0 – 28) and

therefore greater than 15. Thus the decoder changes from D1

to DA1 and subsequently to A1 because the difference is also

greater than 16.

The decoder accelerates and passes the threshold between

D1 and D2. Furthermore it continuously reduces the difference.

Once the difference is less than 2 the decoder changes again

to the corresponding DA step (in our case DA2) and reaches D“

once the difference is less than 1.

Target speed – actual speed > 16

=> Decoder changes to A1 Target speed – actual speed. < 2

=> Decoder changes to DA2

Number of repetitions

Target speed – actual speed - > 15 Target speed – actual speed. < 1

=> Decoder changes to DA1 => Decoder changes to D2

Target speed – actual speed > -1 Target speed – actual speed. < -15

=> Decoder changes to D1 => Decoder changes to D2

Target speed – actual speed. > 0 Target speed – actual speed. < -16

=> Decoder changes to DC1 => Decoder changes to DC2

Duration of idle:

app. 3.75 seconds (at value 30)

Fig.26.: Thresholds

Fig. 27: Path of Sound during Acceleration

9.4.9.4.

9.4. Setting the scheduleSetting the schedule

Setting the scheduleSetting the schedule

Setting the schedule

9.4.1. Soundslots in detail9.4.1. Soundslots in detail

9.4.1. Soundslots in detail

As soon as you click onto any square of a sound slot with the

mouse a pop-up window opens as shown in figures 28 and 29.

In order to make editing very easy this window shows the

individual sound slots in detail.

Fig. 28: Sound Slots of Steam Locomotives

The decoder changes the sound speed step from 1 to 2 when reaching appr. half the speed (127 of 255)

Sound configuration

Fig. .29.: Sound Slots of Diesel and Electric Locomotives

The pop-up window can be moved across the screen as desired

and always shows the content of the selected square. The

currently open square is also marked with a red frame in the

schedule.

The sound slots of the driving sounds vary with the type of

locomotive. A driving notch of a diesel locomotive or an electric

locomotive contains only one sound slot since only one sound

loop is required. The driving notches of a steam locomotive

contain 4 sound slots to allow for up to for exhaust chuffs per

wheel turn (this is subject to the number of cylinders of the

prototype) and the following hiss of the steam.

You must set the number of cylinders of the prototype in the

menu „Extended Settings“ prior to the adjustments here.

Otherwise there may be an audible gap.

9.4.2. Sound settings9.4.2. Sound settings

9.4.2. Sound settings

Besides the mere allocation you can make additional

adjustments for each sound slot:

For this there is a button called „Sound Settings“ which is

located next to the actual sound slot allocation. Fig. 30. Shows

„Sound Settings“ and „Extended Sound Settings“.

Fig. 30: Menu „Sound Settings“ and „Extended Settings“

• In this menu you can select if you want to play this sound as a

loop, only once or in a certain number of repetitions.

You can define a minimum and maximum number of

repetitions. If the sound should be repeated by a definite number

simply enter the same number in both fields. Thus you can

enter the definite value „1“ for transitions and choose „Loop

Mode“ for driving sounds and the stationary sounds (also refer

to 12.3.).

•VV

Volume:olume:

olume:olume:

olume: Use the slide control to adjust the volume of each

sound individually or by clicking onto control 1, 2 or 3 in order to

allocate it to a group (with equal volume) (also refer to 8.5.6.).

• With „Adapt Sound to Driving State“„Adapt Sound to Driving State“

„Adapt Sound to Driving State“„Adapt Sound to Driving State“

„Adapt Sound to Driving State“ you determine if the

„revs“ of the sound should be modulated in accordance with

the increasing revolutions. The maximum revs are

predetermined in the „Decoder“ register under „Sound Set-

tings“ (also refer to 8.5.4.).

If you perhaps wish to modulate the revs in the driving sound

together with a constant fan sound in the background simply

select „Adapt Sound to Driving Noise“ in the slots of the driving

sound but not in the slots of the fan sound (also refer to 9.3.).

• The button „Volume“ (all slots) controls the volume of all slots

and allocations of the selected notch in one step and enables

you to select modulation options.

• For more information regarding the field „Display Alternative

Sounds“ continue reading in chapter 9.7.

9.5. Random sounds9.5. Random sounds

9.5. Random sounds

Behind the symbol „Random Sounds“ are a total of 16 squares

/ sound slots (compare with Fig. 31). Here you can import up to

8 sounds each for a standing or moving locomotive that will be

played arbitrarily at different time intervals while the locomotive

is stationary or moving. The time frame is adjusted in the „De-

coder“ register under „Sound Settings“ (also refer to 8.5.3.).

Which sound is played and in what sequence cannot be pre-

determined. Therefore the sequence will change all the time.

Here you might import sound fragments such as shovelling

coal, releasing steam, air or water pumps, etc..

For sounds that should be repeated (e.g.: shovelling coal several

times in a row) enter a minimum and maximum number of

repetitions in „Sound settings“. Never choose „Play Sound in a

Loop“ since the sound would continue until you turn off the

power.

Fig. 31.: Window „Random sounds“

User Sounds

It is possible to allocate function outputs to Random Sounds.

This can be done by pressing the button „Display Extended

Settings“ in an extension of the window „Sound Settings“.

This button is located at the right bottom corner of the window

„Sound Settings“.

These outputs will be activated as long as the sounds are played.

This enables you for instance to let the firebox light up as long

as you hear fireman Fred shovelling coal.

Furthermore you can set a time delay between individual sounds.

This time can be adjusted in steps of one second each after

which the imported sound is played. This time delay can be

increased or reduced for each repetition (in case of several

repetitions). Enter a value in the field „Then Change the Value

by“. If this value is 0 then the time delay remains constant.

With this time delay you can simulate for instance air pumps

that start off very fast and become slower with increasing air

pressure.

It also helps to save memory space that would otherwise be

filled with „silent“ sound fragments to facilitate the delays.

In the window „Extended Sound Settings“ you can choose the

priority of each sound. This determines which random sound or

user sound gets priority in case all 4 sound channels are engaged.

If the decoder selects a random sound with a higher priority

than sounds that are already playing and if all sound channels

are already engaged then the sound with lower priority will be

interrupted and the one with higher priority will be played.

Driving sounds always have highest priority. User Sounds are

normally played with second highest priority while Random

Sounds have the lowest priority. The priority is expressed by

values ranging from 1 (lowest priority) to 15 (highest priority).

Random Sounds have normally priority 1 or 2.

9.6. User sounds9.6. User sounds

9.6. User sounds

9.6.1. General settings9.6.1. General settings

9.6.1. General settings

Besides the sounds that depend on the status of the locomotive

(stationary or moving) the LokSound decoder offers the option

of sounds that can be triggered by pressing a button on your

command station or throttle. There are a total of 16 sound

slots for user sounds as shown in the following illustration.

You can enter one sound sequence into each of these sound

slots that can be triggered (almost) by any function button (also

refer to 8.6.).

Furthermore you can select in the window „Sound Settings“ if

the sound should be played every time you press the

corresponding function button once or if it should be played as

long as you press the button.

Thus you can for instance generate a user controlled horn or

whistle as follows:

Import the swelling start of the whistle into the first part of the

sound slot, a middle part of the whistle in loop mode into the

second part and the fading whistle into the last part.

It is recommended to set the priority for the gear shift rather

high (14 or 15) to assure that it is definitely played. There are

examplesexamples

examples in chapters 12.2. and 12.5..

Slot 16:Slot 16:

Slot 16: Import the swelling start of the break squeal into the

first part, a sound loop in to the middle square and the fading

sound of the brakes in to the third part. Select „Play Sound in

a Loop“ for the middle part. Set the priority to high (14 or 15)

to assure that it is definitely played.

The brake sound will be played until the locomotive has stopped.

You will find an example in 12.2. to 12.5..

9.7. Alternative sounds9.7. Alternative sounds

9.7. Alternative sounds

In the windows „Sound Settings“ of the sound slots there is an

option called „Display Alternative Sounds“. Here you can add

additional random or user sounds that run „parallel“ to the

normal sounds. The alternative sounds will be played after you

pressed the „Shift“ function (also refer to 8.6.8.).

As a standard the „normal“ sounds will be displayed in a sound

slot. If you have also imported alternative sounds into a sound

slot then the latter will be displayed in yellow.

It is possible to import driving sounds into the sound slots that

are played in certain situations only. Thus the LokSound decoder

can simulate driving with open cylinder cocks (also refer to

3.1.1.). If you stop a locomotive and immediately afterwards

you start it again or if the locomotive is running for a while

already, then you will not hear the cylinder cocks anymore, just

like with the prototype. Only once the locomotive has been

stopped for a while and then starts moving again, will you hear

the open cylinder cocks.

How to adjust this is explained in chapter 12.2..

Fig.32.: „User Sounds“

Select „1“ for the number of repetitions for start and end and

loop mode for the middle part.

As is the case with random sounds you may select extended

sound settings (also refer to 9.5.).

The normal priority of user sounds is 3 or 4.

User Sounds can also be combined with function outputs. Let’s

assume you link a digital coupler wired to AUX 1 with the sound

of the coupler clank. Then the coupler will be activated while

the sound is played and afterwards the coupler is deactivated.

9.6.2. Special options for slots 14, 15 and 169.6.2. Special options for slots 14, 15 and 16

9.6.2. Special options for slots 14, 15 and 16

The sound slots 14, 15 and 16 may have special importance

under certain circumstances. As described in 9.2.4. slot 14 can

be used for automatic shift sounds, slot 15 for automatically

triggered sounds immediately after the locomotive has stopped

(e.g.: air pump for steam locomotives) and slot 16 for the

automatic play of the brake squeal during braking.

To facilitate this, import the suitable shift sound into slot 14slot 14

slot 14slot 14

slot 14 and

set slot 14 as automatic sound in the menu of the … button.

Provided you have set rev-modulation (CV 59 and 60, also

refer to 8.5.4.) and a certain „Time between Throttle Notches“

in „Sound Settings“ within the „Decoder“ register (CV 57 and

58, also refer to 8.5.1.), then you hear not only the sound of

the gear shift but also the changing revs during the transition

from one throttle notch to the next. It is recommended to set

the priority for the gear shift rather high (14 or 15) to assure

that it is definitely played. There is an example in chapter 12.4..

Slot 15:Slot 15:

Slot 15: Import the suitable sound that should be played

immediately after the locomotive has stopped (e.g.: air pump

or parking brake). If you use a sound that should be repeated,

only enter a limited number of repetitions. Otherwise the sound

would only stop once you disconnect power from this locomotive.

Set this sound as „Stop Sound“ with the button … in the menu

of Slot 15.

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