Feig Electronic OBID i-scan ID ISC.MAT-B User manual

MONTAGE
INSTALLATION
draft / preliminary / final
public (B)
2007-06-26
M70101-0e-ID-B.doc
OBI
D
i-scan
®
ID ISC.MAT-B
Manual Antenna Tuner
(English)

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Note
©Copyright 2007 by
FEIG ELECTRONIC GmbH
Lange Strasse 4
D-35781 Weilburg-Waldhausen
Tel.: [phone]
http://www.feig.de
With the edition of this document, all previous editions become void. Indications made in this manual may be
changed without previous notice.
Copying of this document, and giving it to others and the use or communication of the contents thereof are
forbidden without express authority. Offenders are liable to the payment of damages. All rights are reserved
in the event of the grant of a patent or the registration of a utility model or design.
Composition of the information in this document has been done to the best of our knowledge. FEIG
ELECTRONIC GmbH does not guarantee the correctness and completeness of the details given in this
manual and may not be held liable for damages ensuing from incorrect or incomplete information. Since,
despite all our efforts, errors may not be completely avoided, we are always grateful for your useful tips.
The instructions given in this manual are based on advantageous boundary conditions. FEIG ELECTRONIC
GmbH does not give any guarantee promise for perfect function in cross environments and does not give
any guaranty for the functionality of the complete system which incorporates the subject of this document.
FEIG ELECTRONIC call explicit attention that devices which are subject of this document are not designed
with components and testing methods for a level of reliability suitable for use in or in connection with surgical
implants or as critical components in any life support systems whose failure to perform can reasonably be
expected to cause significant injury to a human. To avoid damage, injury, or death, the user or application
designer must take reasonably prudent steps to protect against system failures.
FEIG ELECTRONIC GmbH assumes no responsibility for the use of any information contained in this docu-
ment and makes no representation that they free of patent infringement. FEIG ELECTRONIC GmbH does
not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others.
OBID®and OBID i-scan®are registered trademarks of FEIG ELECTRONIC GmbH.

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Content
1 Safety Instructions / Warning - Read before start-up ! 4
2 Performance characteristics of the ID ISC.MAT-B Manual Antenna Tuner 5
3 Required components 6
4 Wiring and installation 7
4.1 Circuit board dimensions and installation..................................................................7
4.2 Pin headers and HF connection sockets ....................................................................8
4.3 X2, X3 Connecting the antenna conductor.................................................................9
5 Operating elements 10
5.1 Jumpers JP9 and JP10 for setting Q.........................................................................10
6Startup 11
6.1 Setting the tuning capacitances ................................................................................11
6.2 Determining the inductance.......................................................................................12
6.3 Determining Q..............................................................................................................13
6.4 Tuning the antenna .....................................................................................................14
7 Technical Data ID ISC.MAT-B 18
8 Appendix: Helpful tools for constructing and testing antennas 19
8.1 Recommended equipment and sources ...................................................................19

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1 Safety Instructions / Warning - Read before start-up !
•The device may only be used for the intended purpose designed by for the manufacturer.
•The operation manual should be conveniently kept available at all times for each user.
•Unauthorized changes and the use of spare parts and additional devices which have not been
sold or recommended by the manufacturer may cause fire, electric shocks or injuries. Such
unauthorized measures shall exclude any liability by the manufacturer.
•The liability-prescriptions of the manufacturer in the issue valid at the time of purchase are valid
for the device. The manufacturer shall not be held legally responsible for inaccuracies, errors,
or omissions in the manual or automatically set parameters for a device or for an incorrect
application of a device.
•Repairs may only be executed by the manufacturer.
•Installation, operation, and maintenance procedures should only be carried out by qualified
personnel.
•Use of the device and its installation must be in accordance with national legal requirements
and local electrical codes .
•When working on devices the valid safety regulations must be observed.
•Note that various parts of the device can become hot.
•Before touching the circuit board always be sure power is turned off or disconnected. Use a
meter to verify that the device is unpowered. The fact that a power LED is off is not to be used
as an indication that the device is disconnected from the mains or unpowered.
Attention! Voltages of up to 1kV are present on the antenna tuner and antenna
conductor.
Special advice for carriers of cardiac pacemakers:
Although this device doesn't exceed the valid limits for electromagnetic fields you should keep a
minimum distance of 25 cm between the device and your cardiac pacemaker and not stay in an
immediate proximity of the device respective the antenna for some time.

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2 Performance characteristics of the ID ISC.MAT-B Manual Antenna Tuner
The ID ISC.MAT-B tuner board is a manually adjustable tuning circuit for constructing custom
antennas with a carrier frequency of 13.56 MHz and an input impedance of 50 Ω.
In conjunction with an antenna conductor (e.g. aluminum strip, CU tube or the outer jacket of an
RG213 cable) it is very simple to construct antennas in various sizes and shapes.
After assembling the antenna conductor, the antennas are tuned using individually selectable
capacitors. Then antenna is then permanently tuned for its local conditions. If it is moved to a
different position under different local conditions, retuning of the antenna may become necessary.

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3 Required components
The following are required for constructing an antenna :
•Qty. 1 Manual Antenna Tuner ID ISC.MAT.C
•Qty. 1 50 Ohm coax cable, cable length depending on the reader
•The following may be used as antenna conductors:
Outer jacket of a coax cable, e.g. RG58, RG59, RG213, RG214
Aluminum strip 20 x 2 mm
Copper tube ∅= 18 mm
The following components are required for tuning the antenna:
•Impedance meter or SWR meter, network analyzer, VHF monitor, comparable instruments
•Jumpers with 2.54mm spacing (included in the scope of delivery)
•Jumpers with 2 mm spacing (included in the scope of delivery)
More detailed specifications for the devices can be found in the section Appendix: Helpful tools for
constructing and testing antennas

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4 Wiring and installation
4.1 Circuit board dimensions and installation
Three 3.2mm mounting holes are provided on the circuit board for attaching the Manual Antenna
Tuner, see Fig. 1. The antenna loop is attached to X2 and X3 using M3 threaded inserts.
Fig. 1: Dimensions and mounting holes
The maximum installed height of the circuit board is shown in Fig. 2:
Fig. 2: Maximum installed height
14
19
X2 X3
M3
545
90
5
45
3,5
3,5
22,5
8
Ø3,2
X1

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4.2 Pin headers and HF connection sockets
Fig. 3 shows all headers J1 to J3 as well as the HF connection sockets.
Fig. 3: Headers and HF-sockets
The HF cable is connected through the SMA socket X1 as shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 4 HF cable connection
X1
J3
J9
X2
J1 J2
J10
R1
R2
X3
Pin 1
Pin 1
Pin 1
Pin 9
Pin 8 Pin 8
J8

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4.3 X2, X3 Connecting the antenna conductor
The antenna conductor is connected to the circuit board at terminals X2 and X3. Fig. 5 shows
installation of an aluminum strip antenna conductor, Fig. 6 an antenna constructed of coax cable
(RG214) and Fig. 7 a copper tube antenna.
Fig. 5: Antenna connection (aluminum strip)
Fig. 6: Antenna connection (coaxial cable RG214)
Fig. 7: Antenna connection (copper tubing)
Note:
Ensure that there is good electrical contact between the antenna conductor and the contact
surfaces.
M3x6
Leiterplatte
X3
X3
Aluminium-
band
Aluminiumband
M3x12
Leiterplatte
X3
RG214
X3
M3x8
Leiterplatte
X3
X3
Kupferrohr
(zusammen-
gepresst)
Kontur
Kupferrohr

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5 Operating elements
5.1 Jumpers JP9 and JP10 for setting Q
When using the semiconductor switch be sure not to exceed the maximum permissible antenna
current. The highest antenna current is a function of the inductance, Q and the HF power.
L
QP
I*
*
ω
≈PowerHFP
−
≈
InductanceL
≈
itySignalqualQ
≈
f⋅⋅
≈
π
ω
2
RL RLf
Q⋅ =
⋅⋅⋅
≈
ω
π
0
2
Jumpers JP9 and JP10 are used to set the antenna Q using the series resistors. For setting the Q
see Table 1.
The following table shows the respective maximum permissible HF power for various Q settings
and various antennas up to which the antenna tuner can be operated.
Table 1: Maximum HF power in continuous operation
Antenna Inductance Series resistor max. HF power
0Ω3.5 W
ID ISCANT300300
(Single-Loop: 300mm x 300mm) 0.7µ3Ω7 W
0Ω6 W
ID ISCANT800600
(Single-Loop: 800mm x 600mm) 1.9µH3Ω6.5 W
0Ω8 W
ID ISCANT1400700
(8-Loop: 1400mm x 700mm) 1.1µH3Ω8 W
The maximum permissible HF power increases if the power is not continuously present.

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6 Startup
6.1 Setting the tuning capacitances
Antenna tuning uses a compensation circuit consisting of capacitors C1/1, C1/2 and C2 and a
transformer (ratio=2), configured as a balloon for balancing the antenna current. The capacitors
are divided symmetrically into C1/1 and C1/2 and must be of equal value. An equivalent schematic of
the compensation circuit with balloon is shown in Fig. 8. Jumpers can be used to switch capacitors
C1/1, C1/2 and C2 into the circuit.
Fig. 8: Equivalent schematic for compensation circuit with balloon circuit

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6.2 Determining the inductance
Before determining the compensation capacitances you must first measure the inductance of the
antenna conductor. This depends mainly on the conductor length, antenna shape and the antenna
conductor (diameter, shape). The inductance of the antenna conductor should be measured in a
similar environment (distance to metal and floor) in which the antenna will be operated.
The inductance of an antenna can be determined approximately from the geometric dimensions of
the antenna. It should lie in a range of 0.6µH to 2.5µH in order to be able to tune it using
appropriate capacitors. Equation 1 applies only for an area free of metal or other conducting
materials.
⎟
⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎜
⎝
⎛+
++
⎟
⎟
⎠
⎞
⎜
⎜
⎝
⎛
+
⋅≈ Nl dN
dN Nl
lNLP**)1(*1348.0
37942.0
*)1( **4142.1
ln**008.0 2
Equation 1
where: LP= Inductance of the antenna in nH
l= Side length of the antenna cm
d = Diameter in cm [here CU tube 1.8 in cm]
N= Number of turns
Fig. 9: Inductance of a quadratic antenna
Inductance of a quadratic antenna
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
2.6
2.8
3.0
3.2
3.4
0 102030405060708090100
Side length [cm]
L [uH]

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6.3 Determining Q
The antenna Q is set using the series resistors R1 and R2 before tuning using solder jumpers on
the solder side to 0, 1, 2 or 3 Ω.
The antenna Q affects the antenna current, the bandwidth and the sensitivity of the antenna to
changes in the surroundings. It depends on the desired read range and the national RF
regulations. In the standard setting the series resistance is 3 Ω. The series resistors can be
enabled and disabled using jumpers or a solder jumper on the underside of the circuit board.
Tab. 2 lists the possible series resistance settings.
Tab. 2: Series resistors
Jumper Rseries
J10 and J9 in 0 Ω
J10 offen, J9 in 1 Ω
J10 in, J9 out 2 Ω
J10 and J9 out 3 Ω
Fig. 10 shows insertion of the solder jumpers J9 or J10 on the solder side of the circuit board:
Fig. 10:Solder jumpers J9 and J10 in
J10 J9
R1=1 ΩR2=2 Ω

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6.4 Tuning the antenna
At the start of a tuning process you must first know the inductance of the antenna conductor. The
inductance can be determined using Fig. 9. It is also possible to use an appropriate impedance
meter or an analyzer to measure the inductance. The inductance value of the antenna should not
lie outside the limits indicated in the Technical Data. Tab. 3 uses examples to show in which range
the compensating capacitors should lie for various inductance values. The figures refer to a
conductor of 1.8 cm diameter (copper tube) and a series resistance Rseries of 3 Ohms.
Following are 3 examples:
Tab. 3: Inductance and compensation capacitors for 3 square antennas
s [cm] LP[nH] C1/1= C1,2 [pF] C2[pF]
30 700 52 157
70 1900 15 47
90 2200 12.4 33.4
s : Side length of the square
With the help of Fig. 11 you can set the jumpers for headers J1, J2 for capacitors C1/1 and C1/2 as
well as Jumper J3 for capacitor C2on the circuit board. By setting several jumpers on J1 J2 and J3
you can arrive at the necessary capacitance value. If the particular value cannot be achieved, use
the next possible value.
Fig. 11: Configurable capacitances on the circuit board
J3=C2
X2
J1=C1/1 J2=C1/2
R1
1Ohm
R2
2 Ohm
X3
Pin 1
Pin 1
Pin 1
7,5
15
30
60
118pF
1
1,9
3,9
7,5
15
30
60
118
1
1,9
3,9
0,5 pF
J9 J10
J8
7,5
15
30
60
118
1 pF
1,9
3,9

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The objective of the tuning process is to tune the antenna as close as possible to 50 Ω.
Maintain the following tolerances:
R = 50 +/- 3 Ωand X = 0 +/- 5 Ω
(or Z = 50 +- 3 Ωand phase angle Phi = 0° +/- 3°)
Fig. 12: The resistance (R) and inductance (X) of the antenna as a function of frequency
Procedure for tuning an antenna in individual steps:
1. Connect tuner board (with antenna attached) to impedance analyzer.
2. At C1/1 and C1/2 enable the same capacitance of 15pF or 30pF.
3. Change capacitance C2 to the value closest to R=50 Ωusing the jumper strip J3
4. Change capacitances C1,1 and C1,2 to the value closest to X=0 Ωand γ= 0° +/- 3° on J3
5. Use capacitance C2(on J3) to recalibrate to the value closest to R=50 Ωand Z = 50 Ω.
6. If necessary repeat steps 5 and 6 until the working point 50 Ωlies within the specified tolerance
(+-3Ω) and no more improvement is possible.
R=50 Ω
X =0 Ω

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The antenna is sufficiently tuned when the impedance is R = 50Ω±3Ωand X = 50Ω±3Ω. After
tuning is complete all system components (RF Reader, any Power Splitter, Multiplexer) should be
connected, see Fig. 13. Connect an SWR meter to the HF Reader output and check the tuning
again.
Fig. 13: Block schematic of HF-Reader with antenna
Retuning the antenna
9. Change the capacitance C2 in small steps using jumper strip J3 until a minimum is reached on
the SWR meter.
10. Change C1/1 and C1/2 in small steps on J1, J2 until a minimum is reached on the SWR meter.
11. Repeat both steps until the SWR is ≤1.3
Note the following when tuning the antenna:
•The curve for resistance R has two points where the 50 Ωline is intersected.
•For very small values of R (R < 10 Ω) the capacitance C2must be increased or decreased in
large steps.
•The curve for impedance X also has two points where the 0 Ωline is intersected.
•For every change of the capacitances note whether the working point runs in the correct
direction.
•Increasing the capacitance C2 shifts the curve (see Fig. 12) for resistance R to the left, and both
intersections with the 50 Ωline move towards a lower frequency.
•Increasing capacitances C1/1 and C1/2 shifts the curve (see Fig. 12) for the impedance towards
lower values.
•Changes in the distance from metals, magnetic materials or to the floor detune the antenna
after the fact and must be compensated for after installing the antenna.

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Note: Voltages of up to 1000V may be present on the antenna conductor or various
components on the tuning boards.
Tuning the antenna using an SWR meter is also possible according to the same procedure, but is
much more difficult since there is always only one measured value (SWR instead of R&X)
available.
The impedance of the antenna should always be set in the intended area of use, since metal or
other conducting materials have an effect on the inductance and therefore on the antenna
impedance.

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7 Technical Data ID ISC.MAT-B
Mechanical Data
•Construction Single-sided board
•Dimensions ( W x H x D ) 90 mm x 45mm x 17 mm ±1 mm
•Weight approx. 35g
Electrical Data
•Maximum transmission power 8 W x
•Reader connection SMA HF socket RG58
•Antenna conductor connection Double-sided solder surface with hole for screw
attachment (M3 screw)
•Antenna parameters
-Transmitting and receiving
frequency
-Impedance
-Inductance tuning range
-Q factor
13.56 MHz
50 Ω
0.6 – 2.5 µH
10 – 30
Ambient Conditions
•Temperature range
– Operating
– Storage –25°C to +55°C
–25°C to +60°C
•Vibration EN60068-2-6
10 Hz to 150 Hz :0.075 mm / 1 g
•Shock EN60068-2-27
Acceleration : 30 g
*Assuming appropriate heat dissipation at power resistors R1 and R2, using for example a heat
sink or by the antenna conductor.

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8 Appendix: Helpful tools for constructing and testing antennas
The following equipment is recommended for troubleshooting or starting up the antennas:
•MFJ HF/VHF SWR analyzer including adapter for the antenna plug
•SWR and power meter including adapter for the antenna plug
8.1 Recommended equipment and sources
1. VSWR – Meter
Alan VSWR & Power – Meter KW 220
Supplier:
•CB Funkshop Rößner, 91637 Wörnitz, Tel.[phone], http://www.cb-funkshop.de
•AEA, Vista, California 92083, USA
RadioShack CB/High-Frequency Ham Power SWR Meter
3 – 30 MHz
210-0534
Supplier:
•Radio Shack, USA, www.radioshack.com
2. Antennen Analyzer
MFJ HF/UHF SWR Analyzer
Model MFJ-259B, 1.8 – 170 MHz
Supplier:
•Austin Amateur Radio Supply, USA 1-800 423 2604
•VHT – Impex, Ecke, Deutschland, Tel.: [phone]
CIA – HF Complex Impedance Analyzer 0,4-54MHz
Supplier:
•AEA, Vista, California 92083, USA
•Garant – Funk, Kommerner Str. 119, 53879 Euskirchen, Tel. [phone], www.garant-funk.de
•HEINZ BOLLI AG, Rütihofstrasse 1, CH-9052 Niederteufen, Tel. [phone]
www.hbad.ch
3. Adapter : UHF-> BNC, BNC-SMA, SMA-SMA, Abschlußwiderstand 50 Ω
Supplier:
Bürklin OHG, http://www.buerklin.com
Conrad.com AG, http://www.conrad.de
Farnell Electronic Components GmbH, 82041 Oberhaching, http://www.farnell.com