Geokon GeoNet 8900 Series User manual

©2021, GEOKON. All rights reserved.
Document Revision: F | Release date: 07/27/21
Model 8900 Series
GeoNet Wireless
Data Hosting System
Instruction Manual

WARRANTY STATEMENT
GEOKON warrants its products to be free of defects in materials and workmanship,
under normal use and service for a period of 13 months from date of purchase. If the
unit should malfunction, it must be returned to the factory for evaluation, freight
prepaid. Upon examination by GEOKON, if the unit is found to be defective, it will be
repaired or replaced at no charge. However, the WARRANTY IS VOID if the unit shows
evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of being damaged as a
result of excessive corrosion or current, heat, moisture or vibration, improper specifi-
cation, misapplication, misuse or other operating conditions outside of GEOKON's
control. Components that wear or are damaged by misuse are not warranted. This
includes fuses and batteries.
GEOKON manufactures scientific instruments whose misuse is potentially dangerous.
The instruments are intended to be installed and used only by qualified personnel.
There are no warranties except as stated herein. There are no other warranties,
expressed or implied, including but not limited to the implied warranties of merchant-
ability and of fitness for a particular purpose. GEOKON is not responsible for any
damages or losses caused to other equipment, whether direct, indirect, incidental,
special or consequential which the purchaser may experience as a result of the instal-
lation or use of the product. The buyer's sole remedy for any breach of this agreement
by GEOKON or any breach of any warranty by GEOKON shall not exceed the purchase
price paid by the purchaser to GEOKON for the unit or units, or equipment directly
affected by such breach. Under no circumstances will GEOKON reimburse the
claimant for loss incurred in removing and/or reinstalling equipment.
Every precaution for accuracy has been taken in the preparation of manuals and/or
software, however, GEOKON neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or
errors that may appear nor assumes liability for any damages or losses that result
from the use of the products in accordance with the information contained in the
manual or software.
No part of this instruction manual may be reproduced, by any means, without the written consent of GEOKON. The
information contained herein is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, GEOKON assumes no responsibility
for errors, omissions or misinterpretation. The information herein is subject to change without notification.
The GEOKON® wordmark and logo are registered trademarks with the United States Patent and Trademark Office.

I
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 MODEL IDENTIFICATION .............................................................................................................2
1.2 MODEL LIST .............................................................................................................................................3
1.3 MESH TILT LOGGER SERIAL NUMBERS........................................................................3
2. NETWORK COMPONENTS..............................................................................................................4
2.1 CELLULAR GATEWAY......................................................................................................................4
2.2 LOCAL GATEWAY................................................................................................................................4
2.2.1 RS-232 (890X-XX-SUP-232)...........................................................................................................4
2.2.2 USB (890X-XX-SUP-USB) ...............................................................................................................4
2.3 SINGLE-CHANNEL LOGGERS ...................................................................................................5
2.3.1 10-PIN CONNECTOR (890X-XX-01C-10P)................................................................................5
2.3.2 GLAND SEAL (890X-XX-01C-CBL)..............................................................................................5
2.4 MULTIPLE-CHANNEL LOGGERS ............................................................................................5
2.4.1 SINGLE-CHANNEL (8900-XX-ADR-CBL)...................................................................................6
2.4.2 FOUR-CHANNEL (890X-XX-04C-CBL) .......................................................................................6
2.4.3 EIGHT-CHANNEL (890X-XX-08C-CBL)......................................................................................7
2.4.4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION .......................................................................................................7
2.5 MESH TILT LOGGER (890X-XX-TLT-NAP).....................................................................7
2.6 ACCESSORIES ........................................................................................................................................8
2.7 NETWORKS...............................................................................................................................................8
3. NETWORK INSTALLATION......................................................................................................... 11
3.1 PREPARE THE GATEWAY AND LOGGERS................................................................ 11
3.1.1 INSTALL THE ANTENNAS ON ALL DEVICES .................................................................... 11
3.1.2 REMOVE THE COVERS FROM ALL DEVICES .................................................................... 11
3.1.3 CONFIGURE THE CHANNEL ON ALL DEVICES ................................................................ 11
3.2 CONFIGURE THE GATEWAY.................................................................................................. 12
3.2.1 POWER CONCERNS..................................................................................................................... 12
3.2.2 POWER THE GATEWAY.............................................................................................................. 12
3.2.3 SEAL THE GATEWAY................................................................................................................... 13
3.2.4 SET THE NETWORK TIME.......................................................................................................... 14
3.2.5 VERIFY THE NETWORK TIME .................................................................................................. 14
3.2.6 RECORD THE GATEWAY SERIAL NUMBER....................................................................... 14
3.3 ACTIVATE THE NETWORK ...................................................................................................... 14
3.3.1 POWER THE LOGGERS ............................................................................................................... 14

II
3.3.2 VERIFY THE NETWORK CONNECTION OF THE LOGGERS .......................................... 14
3.4 MOUNTING THE DEVICES ....................................................................................................... 14
3.4.1 MOUNTING LOCATION CONSIDERATIONS....................................................................... 15
3.4.2 GROUND THE GATEWAY AND LOGGERS .......................................................................... 16
3.5 CONNECT THE SENSORS TO LOGGERS..................................................................... 16
3.5.1 MAKING CABLE GLAND CONNECTIONS ............................................................................ 16
3.5.2 MAKING 10-PIN CABLE CONNECTIONS ............................................................................. 17
3.5.3 NOTES ABOUT MULTIPLE-CHANNEL AND ADDRESSABLE LOGGERS................. 17
3.5.4 SEAL THE LOGGERS..................................................................................................................... 17
3.5.5 RECORD LOGGER AND SENSOR SERIAL NUMBERS .................................................... 18
3.6 CELLULAR GATEWAY COMMISSIONING.................................................................. 18
3.7 DEPLOYMENT MODE.................................................................................................................... 21
3.7.1 PLACING THE GATEWAY AND ADDING LOGGERS........................................................ 22
3.8 STATUS BUTTON FUNCTIONALITY ................................................................................ 22
4. MAINTENANCE ......................................................................................................................................... 24
4.1 PREVENTING WATER FROM ENTERING THE ENCLOSURES .................. 24
4.2 BATTERY LIFE ..................................................................................................................................... 24
4.3 REPLACING BATTERIES ............................................................................................................ 24
4.4 LIGHTNING PROTECTION ........................................................................................................ 25
5. MODEL 8800-2-4B ADD-ON MODULE........................................................................... 26
5.1 INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................. 26
5.2 INSTALLATION OVERVIEW..................................................................................................... 26
5.3 IP ADDRESS CONFIGURATION........................................................................................... 26
APPENDIX A. SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................................... 29
A.1 GATEWAY SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................................................ 29
A.2 LOGGER SPECIFICATIONS...................................................................................................... 29
A.3 NETWORK SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................................ 29
A.4 MESH TILT LOGGER SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................... 30
APPENDIX B. CONNECTOR PINOUTS .................................................................................. 31
B.1 GAUGE CABLE .................................................................................................................................... 31
B.1.1 GLAND SEAL MESH VW LOGGERS (890X-XX-01C-CBL) ............................................. 31
B.1.2 10-PIN BULKHEAD MESH VW LOGGERS (890X-XX-01C-10P) .................................. 31
B.1.3 MESH ADDRESSABLE LOGGERS (890X-XX-ADR-CBL)................................................. 31
B.2 COMMUNICATION CONNECTIONS ................................................................................ 31
B.2.1 RS-232 (890X-XX-SUP-232)....................................................................................................... 31

III
B.2.2 USB (890X-XX-SUP-USB)........................................................................................................... 31
APPENDIX C. THERMISTOR TEMPERATURE DERIVATION....................... 32
APPENDIX D. TROUBLESHOOTING......................................................................................... 33
APPENDIX E. FIRMWARE UPDATE ......................................................................................... 35
E.1 PROCEDURE ......................................................................................................................................... 35
E.2 FIRMWARE TROUBLESHOOTING ..................................................................................... 37
APPENDIX F. SOLAR PANEL KIT ............................................................................................... 38
F.1 SELECT A LOCATION.................................................................................................................... 39
F.2 ASSEMBLE THE MOUNTING BRACKET...................................................................... 39
F.3 INSTALL THE MOUNTING BRACKET............................................................................. 39
F.4 SECURE THE SOLAR PANEL TO THE MOUNTING BRACKET.................. 39
F.5 CONNECT THE POWER CABLE ........................................................................................... 40
F.5.1 BATTERY SWITCH......................................................................................................................... 40
F.5.2 MAKING THE CONNECTION..................................................................................................... 40
APPENDIX G. CERTIFICATIONS .................................................................................................. 41

IV
FIGURES
FIGURE 1: MESH TILT LOGGER SERIAL NUMBER PLACEMENT ...................................3
FIGURE 2: CELLULAR GATEWAY .....................................................................................4
FIGURE 3: LOCAL GATEWAY (-232) AND (-USB) ............................................................4
FIGURE 4: 10-PIN AND GLAND SEAL SINGLE-CHANNEL MESH VW LOGGER ...........5
FIGURE 5: MESH ADDRESSABLE LOGGER .....................................................................6
FIGURE 6: FOUR-CHANNEL MESH VW LOGGER ...........................................................6
FIGURE 7: EIGHT-CHANNEL MESH VW LOGGER ..........................................................7
FIGURE 8: MESH TILT LOGGER ........................................................................................8
FIGURE 9: STAR NETWORK TOPOLOGY ..........................................................................9
FIGURE 10: MESH NETWORK TOPOLOGY ......................................................................9
FIGURE 11: WORKING AROUND OBSTRUCTIONS VIA HOPS .......................................9
FIGURE 12: FRESNEL ZONE ...........................................................................................10
FIGURE 13: CHANNEL SELECT SWITCHES ...................................................................12
FIGURE 14: CELLULAR GATEWAY BATTERY SWITCH ..................................................13
FIGURE 15: LOCAL GATEWAY BATTERY SWITCH ........................................................13
FIGURE 16: BATTERY SWITCH LOCATION DETAIL .......................................................13
FIGURE 17: INSTALLING NEAR A LARGE OBJECT .......................................................15
FIGURE 18: INSTALLING CLOSE TO BUILDINGS OR FENCES/WALLS .......................15
FIGURE 19: MOUNTING ONTO A METAL PLATE / INSIDE AN ENCLOSURE .............16
FIGURE 20: TERMINAL CONNECTIONS ........................................................................17
FIGURE 21: ACCESSING THE CLOUD ............................................................................18
FIGURE 22: CREATE A USER ..........................................................................................18
FIGURE 23: ADD AN ACCOUNT .....................................................................................19
FIGURE 24: API ACCOUNTS ...........................................................................................19
FIGURE 25: ENTER YOUR CREDENTIALS ......................................................................19
FIGURE 26: ENTER THE SERIAL NUMBER ....................................................................20
FIGURE 27: ACTIVATE CELLULAR SERVICE ..................................................................20
FIGURE 28: ENTER SENSOR SERIAL NUMBERS ..........................................................20
FIGURE 29: UPDATE THE SENSOR CONFIGURATION .................................................21
FIGURE 30: COPY THE TOKEN .......................................................................................21
FIGURE 31: INSTALLATION ORDER ...............................................................................22
FIGURE 32: NPORT CONFIGURATION ...........................................................................26
FIGURE 33: UPDATE FIELDS ..........................................................................................27
FIGURE 34: IP ADDRESS WITH :4001 SUFFIX ..............................................................27
FIGURE 35: RS-232 CABLE CONNECTION ....................................................................35
FIGURE 36: USB CABLE CONNECTION .........................................................................35
FIGURE 37: CHOOSE THE ’EXTRACT ALL’ MENU OPTION ..........................................36
FIGURE 38: CLICK THE ’EXTRACT ALL’ BUTTON ..........................................................36

V
FIGURE 39: SELECT THE DESTINATION ........................................................................36
FIGURE 40: OPEN THE GEOKON UPDATE UTILITY ......................................................36
FIGURE 41: CLICK ’SELECT FILE’ ...................................................................................36
FIGURE 42: SELECT THE FIRMWARE TEXT FILE ..........................................................37
FIGURE 43: SELECT THE COM PORT .............................................................................37
FIGURE 44: CLICK ’PROGRAM’ ......................................................................................37
FIGURE 45: SOLAR PANEL 8900-SOL-10W-BRJ ..........................................................38
FIGURE 46: SOLAR PANEL KIT BOX CONTENTS ..........................................................38
FIGURE 47: MOUNTING OPTIONS .................................................................................39
FIGURE 48: CENTRALLY-LOCATED MOUNTING HOLES ..............................................39
FIGURE 49: MOUNTING BRACKET FASTENED CENTRALLY ........................................40
FIGURE 50: SOLAR PANEL WITH EXTERNAL BATTERY ...............................................40

VI
TABLES
TABLE 1: GEONET 8900 SERIES MODEL LIST ................................................................3
TABLE 2: FOUR-CHANNEL MESH VW LOGGER GAUGE/LOAD LIMITS ......................6
TABLE 3: EIGHT-CHANNEL MESH VW LOGGER GAUGE/LOAD LIMITS......................7
TABLE 4: CHANNEL SELECTION .....................................................................................12
TABLE 5: CELLULAR GATEWAY BATTERY SWITCH OPTIONS ....................................13
TABLE 6: LOGGER WIRING ..............................................................................................17
TABLE 7: LED INDICATOR MEANING ............................................................................23
TABLE 8: STATUS BUTTON FUNCTIONS........................................................................23
TABLE 9: BATTERY LIFE ESTIMATES ..............................................................................24
TABLE 10: GATEWAY SPECIFICATIONS .........................................................................29
TABLE 11: LOGGER SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................29
TABLE 12: NETWORK SPECIFICATIONS ........................................................................29
TABLE 13: BIAXIAL MESH TILT LOGGER SPECIFICATIONS ........................................30
TABLE 14: MESH VW LOGGER CABLE CONNECTIONS (GLAND SEAL) ...................31
TABLE 15: MESH VW LOGGER CABLE CONNECTIONS (10-PIN BULKHEAD) .........31
TABLE 16: MESH ADDRESSABLE LOGGER CONNECTIONS (GLAND SEAL) ............31
TABLE 17: COMMUNICATION CONNECTIONS (RS-232).............................................31
TABLE 18: COMMUNICATIONS CONNECTIONS (USB)................................................31
TABLE 19: 3KΩ THERMISTOR RESISTANCE..................................................................32

MODEL 8900 SERIES GEONET WIRELESS DATA HOSTING SYSTEM | INTRODUCTION | 1
1. INTRODUCTION
GeoNet is a low-power wireless data hosting system, designed to efficiently
collect data from many points. GeoNet is especially helpful in geographically-
complex locations where a wired infrastructure would be expensive or even
impossible. Available network components include a Cellular Gateway, Local
Gateway, single- and/or multiple-channel Mesh Vibrating Wire (VW) Loggers,
Mesh Addressable Loggers, a Mesh Tilt Logger, and Agent software.
Model 8900 Series loggers collect data from GEOKON's VW gauges and sensors.
The Mesh Tilt Logger contains an integrated GEOKON biaxial tiltmeter, and
functions in the same manner as other loggers.
The Cellular Gateway contains a cellular module enabling it to send sensor data
to the GEOKON cloud. The device stores battery and temperature data sent from
the loggers, and data from the sensors, but it does not possess sensor-reading
functionality on its own. Data can be retrieved using the GEOKON cloud, or
manually using a cable.
The Local Gateway is the same as the Cellular Gateway except it lacks a cellular
module. Data must be retrieved manually via a direct cable connection.
FEATURES:
■Automated cellular data connection to servers
■Automated calculation of engineering units via Web API integration with the
GEOKON database
■Improved radio range
Up to 60 km (15 km x 4 hops) range, line-of-sight (North America)
Up to 22 km (5.5 km x 4 hops) range, line-of-sight (Europe)
■Up to 12 networks per area (using unique channels)
■USB connector for firmware updates, diagnostics, and more
GEOKON recommends that you configure your network with the devices at the
same location, in close proximity to each other, before you deploy them to their
respective on-site positions.
An installation tutorial on the GEOKON website, https://www.geokon.com/
tutorial-videos, can help with this.
CAUTION! To satisfy FCC RF exposure requirements for mobile transmitting devices, a separation distance
of 20 cm or more should be maintained between the antenna of this device and persons during device
operation. To ensure compliance, operations at closer than this distance is not recommended. The antenna
used for this transmitter must not be co-located in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter.

2| INTRODUCTION | GEOKON
1.1 MODEL IDENTIFICATION
The 8900 series model numbers are composed of codes that together indicate
the following information about each unit:
Note: 8900 series models made for North America, Brazil, and Europe are
designed to operate in an identical manner.
8901 – NA – LTM – USB
Model/Region
8901-NA: North America
8901-BA: Brazil
8903-EU: Europe
Gateway Type
LTM: Cellular Gateway for LTE-M Networks
03G: Cellular Gateway for 3G Networks
SUP: Local Gateway
PC Connection
USB: USB Cable
232: RS-232 Cable
GATEWAY IDENTIFICATION
Model/Region
8901-NA: North America
8901-BA: Brazil
8903-EU: Europe
Logger Type
01C: Single-Channel Mesh VW Logger
ADR: Mesh Addressable Logger
04C: Four-Channel Mesh VW Logger
08C: Eight-Channel Mesh VW Logger
TLT: Mesh Tilt Logger
Sensor Connection
CBL: Cable Gland
10P: 10-Pin
NAP: Not Applicable
8901 – NA – 01C – CBLLOGGER IDENTIFICATION

MODEL 8900 SERIES GEONET WIRELESS DATA HOSTING SYSTEM | INTRODUCTION | 3
1.2 MODEL LIST
The list of 8900 series models is as follows:
TABLE 1: GeoNet 8900 Series Model List
1.3 MESH TILT LOGGER SERIAL NUMBERS
Mesh tilt loggers have two serial numbers: one for the device as a whole, and
one for the internal tiltmeter. The device serial number label is below the model
number label; the internal tiltmeter serial number is below the calibration date
label. See the figure below.
1:
FIGURE 1: Mesh Tilt Logger Serial Number Placement
8901-NA-LTM-USB 1: USB LTE‑M Cellular Gateway, North America
8901-NA-03G-USB USB 3G Cellular Gateway, North America
8901‑NA‑SUP‑USB USB Local Gateway, North America
8901-NA-SUP-232 RS-232 Local Gateway, North America
8901-NA-01C-10P Single‑Channel Mesh VW Logger, 10‑PinBulkhead,NorthAmerica
8901-NA-01C-CBL Single‑Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, North America
8901-NA-ADR-CBL Mesh Addressable Logger, Cable Gland, North America
8901-NA-04C-CBL Four-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, North America
8901-NA-08C-CBL Eight-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, North America
8901-NA-TLT-NAP Mesh Tilt Logger, No Cable Entry, North America
8901‑BZ‑SUP‑USB USB Local Gateway, Brazil
8901-BZ-SUP-232 RS-232 Local Gateway, Brazil
8901-BZ-01C-10P Single-Channel Mesh VW Logger, 10‑Pin Bulkhead, Brazil
8901-BZ-01C-CBL Single-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Brazil
8901-BZ-ADR-CBL Mesh Addressable Logger, Cable Gland, Brazil
8901-BZ-04C-CBL Four-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Brazil
8901-BZ-08C-CBL Eight-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Brazil
8903-EU-LTM-USB USB LTE‑M Cellular Gateway, Europe
8903-EU-03G-USB USB 3G Cellular Gateway, Europe
8903‑EU‑SUP‑USB USB Local Gateway, Europe
8903‑EU‑SUP‑232 RS-232 Local Gateway, Europe
8903-EU-01C-10P Single-Channel Mesh VW Logger, 10‑Pin Bulkhead, Europe
8903-EU-01C-CBL Single-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Europe
8903-EU-ADR-CBL Mesh Addressable Logger, Cable Gland, Europe
8903-EU-04C-CBL Four-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Europe
8903-EU-08C-CBL Eight-Channel Mesh VW Logger, Cable Gland, Europe
8903-EU-TLT-NAP Mesh Tilt Logger, No Cable Entry, Europe
Mesh Tilt Logger
Serial Number
Internal Tiltmeter
Serial Number

4| NETWORK COMPONENTS | GEOKON
2. NETWORK COMPONENTS
2.1 CELLULAR GATEWAY
Cellular Gateway models send their data to GEOKON’s safe and secure Cloud via
a cellular data connection, and are available with LTM or 3G connections.
The cellular connectivity is included in the data plan and no user configuration is
necessary. Users can commission or decommission their own systems via
GEOKON’s online portal.
The gateway stores battery and temperature data sent from the loggers, and
data from the sensors, but it does not possess sensor-reading functionality on its
own.
2:
FIGURE 2: 890X-XX-XXX-USB
2.2 LOCAL GATEWAY
Local Gateway models lack an integrated cellular module, but they are
otherwise functionally the same as Cellular Gateway models.
2.2.1 RS-232 (890X-XX-SUP-232)
This model features an RS-232 connector, for transferring data using an RS-232
cable to a PC running Agent software.
2.2.2 USB (890X-XX-SUP-USB)
This model features a USB connector, for transferring data using a USB cable to
a PC running Agent software.
3:
FIGURE 3: RS-232 Local Gateway (left) and USB Local Gateway (right)

MODEL 8900 SERIES GEONET WIRELESS DATA HOSTING SYSTEM | NETWORK COMPONENTS | 5
2.3 SINGLE-CHANNEL LOGGERS
A single-channel logger will read one GEOKON vibrating wire gauge, either via
10-pin cable or via a cable with stripped conductor wires, depending on model.
Though designed to send data wirelessly to a gateway, this model also features
a USB connector, for transferring data using a USB cable to a PC running Agent
software.
2.3.1 10-PIN CONNECTOR (890X-XX-01C-10P)
For use with gauges with 10-pin cable connectors.
2.3.2 GLAND SEAL (890X-XX-01C-CBL)
For use with gauge cables that have stripped conductor wires. The gauge cable
passes through an external cable gland and is wired into the terminal block.
4:
FIGURE 4: 10-Pin Single-Channel Logger (left) and Gland-Seal Single-Channel Logger
(right)
2.4 MULTIPLE-CHANNEL LOGGERS
Multiple-channel loggers will read up to eight GEOKON vibrating wire gauges,
depending on model, via cables with stripped conductor wires. The cables pass
through external cable glands and are wired into the terminal blocks.
Multiple-channel loggers function in the same manner as other loggers.
Though designed to send data wirelessly to a gateway, these models also
feature a USB connector for transferring data using a USB cable to a PC running
Agent software, just as with single-channel loggers.

6| NETWORK COMPONENTS | GEOKON
2.4.1 SINGLE-CHANNEL (8900-XX-ADR-CBL)
For use with sensor cables with stripped and tinned ends. The sensor cable
passes through an external cable gland and is wired into the terminal block.
5:
FIGURE 5: Mesh Addressable Logger (8900-XX-ADR-CBL)
2.4.2 FOUR-CHANNEL (890X-XX-04C-CBL)
6:
FIGURE 6: Four-Channel Logger (890X-XX-04C-CBL)
Note: When inserting stripped conductor wires into the terminal blocks, be sure
to connect them to the VW terminal blocks.
A four-channel logger can be configured as follows: 2:
TABLE 2: Four-Channel Logger Gauge/Load Limits
Model Maximum Number of Gauges Maximum Number of Load Cells
890X‑XX‑04C‑CBL Four One 3‑gauge or one 4‑gauge load cell

MODEL 8900 SERIES GEONET WIRELESS DATA HOSTING SYSTEM | NETWORK COMPONENTS | 7
2.4.3 EIGHT-CHANNEL (890X-XX-08C-CBL)
7:
FIGURE 7: Eight-Channel Logger (890X-XX-08C-CBL)
Note: When inserting stripped conductor wires into the terminal blocks, be sure
to connect them to the VW terminal blocks.
An eight-channel logger can be configured as follows: 3:
TABLE 3: Eight-Channel Logger Gauge/Load Limits
2.4.4 ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
Addressable loggers are protected from environmental contaminants by a
rugged IP66 die cast aluminum enclosure. An earth ground terminal is provided
on the exterior of the enclosure to protect against lightning and other large,
transient voltages.
2.5 MESH TILT LOGGER (890X-XX-TLT-NAP)
Tiltmeters are designed for permanent long-term monitoring of changes in tilt of
structures such as dams, embankments, foundation walls, retaining walls,
buildings, and the like.
GEOKON biaxial tiltmeter loggers contain an integrated tiltmeter sensor, and
communicate with the gateway in the same manner as other loggers.
The two axes of the tiltmeter have a range of ±90°, based on a starting position
of 0°. To achieve the best linearity, mount the tiltmeter so the back of the
enclosure is as close as possible to vertical, and the bottom of the enclosure is
as close as possible to horizontal.
Though designed to send data wirelessly to a gateway, this model also features
a USB connector for transferring data using a USB cable to a PC running Agent
software, the same as with the single-channel loggers.
Model Maximum Number of Gauges Maximum Number of Load Cells
890X‑XX‑08C‑CBL Eight One 3‑gauge and one 4‑gauge load cell
Two 3‑gauge or two 4‑gauge load cells
One 6‑gauge load cell

8| NETWORK COMPONENTS | GEOKON
8:
FIGURE 8: Mesh Tilt Logger (890X-XX-TLT-NAP)
2.6 ACCESSORIES
Gateways and loggers are shipped with the following accessories:
■One omni-directional antenna (2.1 dBi). For other antenna options, please
contact GEOKON technical support.
■Two D cell alkaline batteries
■Four desiccant packs
Gateways are shipped with the following additional accessories:
■Set of two screwdrivers, one Phillips head and one flat-head
■One RS-232 or USB cable (depending on the model purchased)
■USB to RS-232 adapter cable (RS-232 models only)
2.7 NETWORKS
Many networks use a star topology, where all loggers can send data directly to
the gateway. Other networks use a mesh topology, in which loggers will relay
data from any logger that might be blocked, or out of range from the gateway.
GeoNet networks are self-healing. This means that GeoNet will switch to a
mesh topology so that loggers will automatically relay data from troubled
loggers to the gateway, if needed.
GeoNet networks are self-configuring, meaning that the switch from a star
topology to a mesh topology is automatic, and the loggers will determine for
themselves which will relay data to the gateway.

MODEL 8900 SERIES GEONET WIRELESS DATA HOSTING SYSTEM | NETWORK COMPONENTS | 9
9:
FIGURE 9: Star Network Topology
10:
FIGURE 10: Mesh Network Topology
Each transmission from logger to gateway or logger to logger is considered one
"hop". Examples of hops are shown in figures above and below. Up to four hops
can be made between a logger and the gateway. With the ability to hop comes
the ability for the gateway to communicate with loggers that have not
established direct radio contact. GeoNet devices can operate around buildings
or other barriers using hops.
11:
FIGURE 11: Working Around Obstructions via Hops
1 Hop
S = Gateway
N = Logger (1, 4, 8, ADR)
= Data Path
Cell
Ethernet
USB/RS-232
1 Hop
S = Gateway
N = Logger (1, 4, 8, ADR)
= Data Path
1 Hop
Cell
Ethernet
USB/RS-232
1 Hop
Obstruction
1 Hop
1 Hop
1 Hop
1 Hop
1 Hop
1 Hop

10 | NETWORK COMPONENTS | GEOKON
FRESNEL ZONE
The Fresnel zone is the geographic area between the sending antenna and the
receiving antenna. Objects in the Fresnel zone can cause reflections of the
transmitted signal. When these reflections arrive at the receiving antenna, they
may be out of phase with the signal that took a straight-line path, and this can
weaken the straight-line signal.
For optimum performance, GEOKON recommends creating as much vertical
space as possible between the straight-line path and obstacles, including the
ground.
The Fresnel zone must be at least 60% obstruction-free to ensure optimal
wireless communication. The figure below illustrates the Fresnel zone.
12:
FIGURE 12: Fresnel Zone
IMPORTANT: If communication cannot be established when GeoNet is
deployed to a site, it may be necessary to elevate the devices or their antennas,
or to move them to a location where a radio link can be established. This may
require extending the readout cable of the attached sensors, or adding an
antenna cable extension.
Fresnel Zone
Building Building