Hal communications Dsp-4100 User manual

.,

ee

tle

DSP-4100

HF RADIO DSP MODEM

TECHNICAL

MANUAL

of

America. Contents

of

this publication may not be reproduced in any form without the written

permission

of

the copyright owner.

HAL030301

870-4100

March

1,

2003 Printing

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1

DSP-4100 Product Models

.............................

1-1

1.2

DSP-4100 Product Variations

...........................

1-1

1.3

DSP-4100 Firmware Updates

...........................

1-1

1.4 DSP-4100

HF

Modem Documentation

....................

1-1

CHAPTER

2.

INSTALLATION AND SETUP

2.1

Unpacking and Inspection

..............................

2-1

2.1.1 Software and Documentation Update

......................

2-1

6)\f'

2.1.2 Initial Startup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

........................

2-1

2.2 Radio System Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

2-1

2.2.1 Audio Input

.........................................

2-2

2.2.2 Audio Output.

.......................................

2-2

2.2.3

PTI

Output

.........................................

2-2

2.2.4 SEL-CAL Output

....................................

2-2

2.2.5 FSK Output & Option Selection

.........................

2-3

2.3

RS232 Serial Port Connections

..........................

2-3

CHAPTER

3. TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

3.1

DSP-4100 Controller

..................................

3-1

3.1.1 Microprocessor Section

................................

3-1

3.1.2 Memory Decoding, Clocks, and Reset.

....................

3-2

3.1.3 Serial 1/0 Port Circuitry

...............................

3-2

3.1.4 Front Panel Indicator LED's

.............................

3-2

3.1.5

PTI,

FSK, SELCAL Output, Reset Timer

..................

3-2

3.2 DSP-4100 DSP and Audio Section

.......................

3-3

3.2.1 DSP RAM

..........................................

3-3

3.2.2 Audio Input/Output

...................................

3-3

--

3.3 DSP-4100 Power and

110

Connections

....................

3-3

3.4 DSP-4100 Options

....................................

3-3

HAL030301 DSP-41

00

TECHNICAL MANUAL

CHAPTER

4.

IN CASE

OF

DIFFICULTY

4.1

User Adjustments and Alignment

........................

4-1

4.2 DSP-4100 Hardware Problems

..........................

4-1

4.3 Software Problems

...................................

4-2

4.4 Operational Problems

.................................

4-2

4.5 User Service

........................................

4-2

4.6 Customer Service

....................................

4-3

4.

7 Returning Equipment for Factory Repair

...................

4-3

CHAPTER

5.

DSP-4100 SPECIFICATIONS

WARRANTY

HAL030301

Table

2.1

Table 2.2

Table 2.3

Table 2.4

Table 2.5

Table

3.1

Table 3.2

Table 3.3

Table 3.4

Table

4.1

Figure

2.1

Figure 2.2

Figure

3.1

Figure 3.2

Figure 3.3

Figure 3.4

Figure 3.5

Figure 3.6

Figure 3.7

Figure 3.8

Figure 3.9

Figure 3.10

TABLES

DSP-4100 Radio

110

Connections

..................

2-2

AF Output Ranges

..............................

2-2

DSP-4100 FSK Output Options

....................

2-3

DSP-4100 Serial Port Connections

..................

2-3

PC Serial Port Connections

.......................

2-3

DSP-4100 Address Map

..........................

3-2

Front Panel Indicators

...........................

3-2

DSP-4100 Control Latch

.........................

3-3

J5 Test Options

.................................

3-4

User-Set Options

...............................

4-1

FIGURES

DSP-4100 Rear Panel Connections

..................

2-3

Serial Cable Specifications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

..

2-4

DSP-4100 Block Diagram

........................

3-5

Control Processor, RAM, Flash ROM

...............

3-6

Clocks, Control, Programming Power Supply

..........

3-7

Serial

I/0

Port . . . . . . . . .

........................

3-8

Front Panel Indicators

...........................

3-9

Sanity Timer, FSK, PTT, SEL-CAL Outputs

..........

3-10

Digital Signal Processor, DSP RAM

.................

3-11

AID, DIA, Audio

1/0

............................

3-12

Voltage Regulators, Rear Panel Connectors

...........

3-13

DSP-4100 Parts Placement.

.......................

3-14

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

flAt

f

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1

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tffl'

FCC RADIO FREQUENCY EMISSIONS STATEMENT

U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Rules and Regulations, CFR47, Part 15, require

inclusion

of

the following text in this manual.

INFORMATION TO THE USER (CFR47, 15.105)

NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital

device, pursuant to part

15

of

the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable pro-

tection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment.

This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and,

if

not installed and used

in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.

Operation

of

this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case

the user will

be

required to correct the interference at his own expense.

P-MODE

The word "P-Mode" is the HAL designation for a communications protocol that may also

be

known

as "Pactor", a registered trademark

of

the Spezielle Communications Systeme GmbH (SCS) firm in

Hanau, Germany. HAL affirms that, to the best

of

its knowledge, "P-Mode" is compatible and inter-

operable with the protocol SCS calls "Pactor" and with the link establishment and weaksignal modes

of

the protocol SCS calls "Pactor-II".

HAL030301 DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

.r·

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1-1

CHAPTER!

INTRODUCTION

1.1 DSP-4100

Product

Models

HAL Communications Cmp. manufactures two variations

of

the DSP-4100 with model numbers DSP-4100 and

DSP-4100/2K. DSP-4100 is shipped with the standard

CLOVER protocol CLOVER-II, while the DSP-4100/2K

is

shipped with the high performance, high data rate pro-

tocol CLOVER-2000.

NOTE: The HAL DSP-4100 is distinctly different from

the HAL DSP-4100/2K. However, a DSP-4100 can be

upgraded to a DSP-4100/2K at the factory. Please contact

HAL Communications Corp regarding pricing, shipping,

and availability for hardware upgrades (see section 2.1.1

Software and Documentation Update).

1.2 DSP-4100

Product

Variations

HAL Communications manufactures and distributes the

HAL DSP-4100 and DSP-4100/2K HF Modem in several

distinct variations including models manufactured for spe-

cific OEM HF communication systems. These model

variations are specific to the system on which they operate

and have a certain product ID.

If

you have an existing HF

communication system utilizing the DSP-4100, please see

that correct model is being installed. Please contact HAL

or your authorized dealer

if

you have any questions

regarding the HAL models and product IDs.

NOTE: HAL DSP-4100 and DSP-4100/2K HF modems

sold factory direct are not OEM specific and have the

HAL product ID num-ber. These modems will communi-

cate with othermodems sold factory direct. However, they

will not communicate with certain OEM HF communica-

tion systems.

1.3 DSP-4100

Firmware

Updates

HAL Communications Corp. may periodically release

new firmware updates required to operate the on-board

processors. Updates should be made using the terminal

HAL030301

software provided with the DSP-4100. Please refer to the

software Operations Manual to load new firmware.

If

you

need assistance determining the current firmware version,

contact technical support (see section 2.1.1 Software and

Documentation Update).

NOTE: Firmware Updates must be obtained from HAL

Communication Corp.

or

your authorized dealer.

Uploading incorrect firmware to a DSP-4100 can cause

the unit to become inoperable and require factory service.

1.4 DSP-4100

HF

Modem Documentation

This DSP-4100 MANUAL describes the DSP-4100 hard-

ware in detail.

If

you use the DSP-4100 modem with ter-

minal software provided by another firm (so-called "3rd-

party software"), use this manual when installing the DSP-

41

00

and to determine modem performance specifications.

If

you desire to develop your own terminal software

or

learn more about CLOVER modes, you may wish to

purchase one or more

of

the following Engineering

Documents from HAL:

E2000 CLOVER Glossary

of

Terms

E2001 HAL DSP Modem Interface Command

Specifications

E2004 Binary File Transfer Protocol

E2005 DSP-4100 Interface Specifications

E2006 CLOVER-II Waveform & Protocol

E2007 CLOVER-2000 Waveform & Protocol

E2009 Optimizing HF Data System Performance with

CLOVER2000

E20

10

AT

Dial Commands

Engineering Documents are available on the HAL website

(www.halcomm.com) in the 'white sheets' section, and by

mail. Please contact HAL's customer service department

for more information on obtaining these documents.

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

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2-1

CHAPTER2

INSTALLATION AND SETUP

2.1

Unpacking

and

Inspection

Your DSP-4100 system includes the following materials:

1-900-04100

DSP-4100 Modem

1 -870-04103 DSP-4100 Technical Manual

1 - 865-04101 DSPWin Software Diskette

1 - 870-04103 DSPWin Manual

1 - 970-04102 Accessory Bag

Accessory Bag includes:

1 - 310-16030 DC Power Plug

1 - 333-20090 9-Pin EIA Plug

1 - 333-20250 25-Pin EIA Plug

1 - 333-51220 9-Pin Metalized Shell

1 - 333-51229 25-Pin Metalized Shell

When opening the DSP-4100 shipping carton, carefully

inspect it for any evidence

of

shipping damage. Any dam-

age should be immediately reported to your shipping car-

rier. Be sure to save any damaged packing materials as the

carrier will have to inspect them

if

you have a claim. Note

that a damage claim must be filed byyou with the shipping

carrier -NOT HAL Communications. HAL will

of

course be glad to assist in such cases, but it is only the

shipping carrier who can pay damage claims.

Check to be sure that all

of

the materials listed above are

contained in your DSP-4100 package.

If

you find any

materials missing, please contact your dealer or HAL

Communications as soon as possible.

2.1.1 Software

and

Documentation Update

New versions

of

each program are available to all DSP-

41

00 owners as they are released by HAL

Communications. Current versions

of

both the DSP-4100

programs and documentation updates may be obtained by

contacting customer service.

DSP4l.EXE available upon request.

HAL030301

Customer Service

HAL Communications Corp.

POBox

365

Urbana, IL 61801-0365

Phone: 217-367-7373

(SAM-

5PM CST/CDT;

Mon.-

Fri.)

Fax: 217-367-1701

E-mail: [email protected]

Web:

www.halcomm.com

2.1.2 Initial Startup

1.

Connect a 10-18VDC (500mA min.) power source to

the DSP-4100. Please use the included power plug.

Other "coaxial" power plugs may appear to be correct

but can often be intermittent. Additional DC power

plugs may

be

purchased from HAL

(HAL

31

0-16030)

The center pin

of

the

of

the connector is positive.

2.

Turn on the DSP-4100.

3.

All front panel LED's should light for approximately 3

seconds. After which, the STBYLED should remain lit.

4.

If

the STBY and any combination

of

the RX,

T:X,

or

ERR

LEDs are flashing, a section

of

flash memory is

corrupted.

If

this occurs please call the HAL service

department for assistance.

2.2 Radio System Connections

These limits should be compatible with practically all

modem transceivers. DO NOT EXCEED THESE LIMI-

TATIONS.

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

2-2 INSTALLATION AND SET-UP

CHAPTER2

Table

2.1.

DSP-4100

Radio

110

Connections

(Jl

= DE9S)

FUNCTION

110

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Audio from receiver +Input

Audio from receiver -Input

FSK

Output Output

Audio to Transmitter +Output

Audio to Transmitter -Output

Ground

SEL-CAL Output Output

Push-to-Talk Output Output

Ground

2.2.1

Audio

Input

LIMITS

2.8Vp-p

2.8V

p-p

+50V@

100 rna

+6dBm

(1.5V)

+6dBm

(

l.SV)

The

DSP-4100 Audio Input (AF

IN)

is balanced. The

Input impedance is 10,000 ohms, ±10%. This input

can

be

directly connected to a wide variety

of

receiver output

terminals including low-impedance speaker

(4-

16ohms),

line (600 ohms), headphone

(2K

ohms)

or

"recorder

output" (10,000 ohms). A 600

ohm

terminating resistor

may

be

required to limit the voltage level to 1.0 V rms

when a 0

dBm

receiver output circuit is used. A matched

terminating resistor is usually not necessary for other

receiver connections. The maximum input level to the

DSP-4100 should not exceed 2.8 volts peak-to-peak (1.0

V rms; +2 dBm).

DSP4l.EXE

software includes tuning

indicator bars which are

used

to adjust the receiver output

level ("volume").

2.2.2

Audio

Output

The DSP-4100 Audio Output (AF

OUT)

is balanced. The

output impedance is 600 ohms, ±10%. The DSP-4100

audio output need

not

be

terminated

in

a 600

ohm

match-

ing resistor. This output

may

be

directly connected to a

wide variety

of

transmitter audio input terminals including

microphone (low

or

high-impedance), "phone patch",

or

"line" (600 ohm).

The

DSP-4100

AF

OUT

circuit includes

a lOuF series capacitor to prevent

DC

loading

of

transmit-

ter microphone inputs which have a

DC

bias voltage.

Two output level voltage ranges

may

be

set

by

the position

of

a

jumper

on

pins 1 and 2

of

J2 behind the DSP-4100

rear panel. See Figure 2.1, Page 2.3.

Tum

off

the

power

to

the DSP-4100 before changing this jumper.

The

exact

level

may

be

set

via

the rear panel screw-driver poten-

tiometer. The output level ranges are:

HAL030301

Table

2.2

AF

Output

Ranges

Jumper J2

NOMINAL

1to 2

OPEN

-30bBm

(25

mV

rms)

ADJUSTMENT

RANGE

-50 to -20

dBm

(2.5 to 78

mV

rms)

CLOSED OdBm -20 to

+6dBm

(775

mV

rms) (78mV to 1.5 V rms)

All DSP-41

00

units are shipped with

jumper

J2

in

the 0

dBm

position (J2

=closed)

and the rear panel output con-

trol

set

for 0 dBm. This setting should

be

used

when

the

DSP-4100 is connected to transmitters which have a sepa-

rate 600 ohm, 0

dBm

line audio input.

IMPORTANT

The DSP-4100 has

an

"FSK

Output" that

may

be

used

for

TOR, P-MODE and

RTIY.

However, the CLOVER-2000

waveform cannot

be

generated when transmitters are

operated

in

the

"FSK"

mode.

The

DSP-4100

and

CLOVER-2000 require that the transmitter

be

operated

in

an

SSB

mode

and tha.t the

CLOVER

audio tone signal

be

connected to the transmitter audio input. Either

USB

(Upper Side Band)

or

LSB (Lower Side Band)

may

be

used

with CLOVER-2000

if

both stations are the same.

2.2.3

PTT

Output

The DSP-4100 provides TXIRX control

of

the radio

equipmentvia the

PIT

(Push-To-Talk) transistoroutput

on

the rear panel. This is shorted to ground

in

transmit state

and is open circuit

in

receive state. The TXIRX

PIT

cir-

cuit

may

use either positive

or

negative polarity with a

maximum open-circuit voltage

(RX

state)

of

50

volts

DC

anda maximum closed circuitcurrent(TXstate)

of

100rna

DC.

2.2.4

SEL-CAL

Output

The SEL-CAL output

of

the DSP-4100 is

an

open-collec-

tor

NPN

transistor (MPS-A42) that switches to ground

during

an

ARQ

link. This output

may

be

used

to signal

that the station has

been

called and linked

in

ARQ

mode

or

to control frequency scanning radio systems. The rating

of

the switching transistor is

+50

VDC maximum (open

circuit) and 100 rna

DC

maximum (closed circuit).

The SEL-CAL output is normally open ("high") until the

call sign

of

the local station (MYCALL) is recognizeddur-

ing

an

ARQ

link request.

When

MYCALL

is recognized,

the SEL-CAL output shorts to ground ("low").

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

.r··

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CHAPTER2

INSTALLATION AND SETUP 2-3

2.2.5

FSK

Output

&

Option

Selection

The DSP-4100 FSK output circuit may be used with mod-

em

transceivers that include an FSK input to transmit the

FSK modes (e.g. TOR, RTIY, and P-MODE). HAL has

provided four interface options that will workwith current

equipment. Please note that CLOVER-2000 cannot be

transmitted using the transceiver FSK input because

CLOVER-2000 is an 8-tone signal.

The FSK output

is

a transistor output which can be set for

open collector(O.C.)

orpulled

up

to+

5 Volts D.C. (+5V)

by

the position

of

a jumper on pins 3 and 4

of

J2 located

behind the rear panel (see figure 2.1

).

There are two posi-

tions for J2. The Open Collector (O.C.) setting uses the

jumper removed and

+5

Volts D.C. is with jumper in

place. Tum

off

the powerto the DSP-4100 and use caution

when moving the jumper plug.

Figure

2.1 DSP-4100

Rear

Panel

Connections

00

FSK

Jl

1XAudio

nM

nnAn

0

ON/OFF

12

voc

RS-232

CONNECTOR

Rl

RADIO

CONNECTOR

Table 2.3

DSP-4100

FSK

Output

Options

POLARITY J2 JUMPER

MARK

SPACE

3 to 4

NORM

On

ov

Floating

REV

On

Floating

ov

NORM

Off

ov

+5V

REV

Off

+5V

ov

2.3 RS232 Serial

Port

Connections

All communications with the DSP-4100 are done through

an RS232 Serial Port. The connections between the DSP-

41

00 serial port and the terminal should be shielded

against any stray RF fields. Many times problems that

seem to be either hardware orsoftware are RF related. See

Table 2.4 below for serial port information.

HAL030301

Table 2.4

DSP-4100 Serial

Port

Connections

(DB25 Female)

PIN LABEL Signal

1 Ground Ground

2 TXD Transmit Data

3 RXD Receive Data

4 RTS Request to Send

5 CTS Clear to Send

6

DSR

Data Set Ready

7 Ground Ground

8 DCD Data Carrier Detect

9 NC No Connection

10 NC No Connection

11

NC No Connection

12

SDCD Secondary Port Data Carrier Detect

13

SCTS Secondary Port Clear to Send

14

STXD Secondary Port Transmit Data

15

NC

No Connection

16 SRXD Secondary Port Receive Data

17 NC No Connection

18

NC No Connection

19

SRTS Secondary Port Request to Send

20 DTR Data Terminal Ready

21

NC No Connection

22 NC No Connection

23 NC No Connection

24 NC No Connection

25 CTRL Extra Control Input

---

--

---

-,1

Note: 12,13,14,16, and 19 are connections for anoptional secondary seri-

al port used for customized control by some third-party programs, not

HAL terminal software. Please, avoid making connections to these pins

and

pin25.

Table 2.5

PC

Serial

Port

Connections

9PIN

25PIN LABEL Signal

1 8 DCD Data Carrier Detect

2 3 RXD Receive Data

3 2 TXD Transmit Data

4 20

DTR

Data Transmit Ready

5 7 GND Ground

6 6 DSR Data Set Ready

7 4

RTS

Request to Send

8 5 CTS Clear to Send

9 22 RI Ring Indicator

Note: PCs may have 25

(DB25) Serial connectors.

If

9 pin/25 pin

adapters are used, verify all data lines are connected. Some adapters only

connect the TXD, RXD, GND lines. 25 Pin female/25 pin male serial

cables are recommended.

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

2-4

HAL030301

I

INSTALLATION

AND

SET-UP

A

'CIOOOOOOOOPJO

raaaaaaeaaa

0000000000

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Rear View

of

PC

9Pin Male DB9

Labeled As COMx

(x =1...n)

Personal Computer (PC) A

•

Seial Cable

9Pin Female DB9

~f)efiJ•:@fiJ

9 Pin Female to 25 Pin Male

Serial Cable

1

8{)

.....

.,_

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! ! ! ! ! !

DSP4100/2K

HAL DSP-4100

Serial Cable

25Pin Male DB25

•

'

Rear View

of

DSP-4100

25Pin Female DB25

Labeled As

DATA

Figure 2.2

Serial Cable Specifications

CHAPTER2

DSP-4100/2K Manual

~

,.

~

3-1

CHAPTER3

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

The HAL DSP-4100 is a DSP modem that will support a

variety

of

HF radio communication protocols. The

DSP-4100 operates from

12

VDC power. All commands

and data are passed via an RS-232 serial

110

connector on

the DSP-4100 rear panel. This connector also provides

connection to a second serial

110

port which may be used

as a "pass-through" between the terminal device and

another serial

110

device. All

110

connections to the radio

equipment are made via a DE-9S connection on the rear

panel. The only rear panel adjustment is the modulator

output level.

The DSP-4100 uses a dual processor architecture with a

powerful 16 bit microprocessor controller and a fast DSP

for audio processing. Operational software for the two

internal processors is stored in non-volatile Flash ROM

devices. However, for upgrade purposes, this software

may also be revised by uploading new versions via the

serial

110

port. As a result, the DSP-4100 is a powerful

platform for implementing many different waveforms.

A block diagram

of

the DSP-4100 is shown in Figure 3.1.

There are three major sections:

1)

the Microprocessor

section, 2) the DSP and audio section, and 3) the Power

and

110

section. Each

of

these sections is described in

this chapter.

3.1 DSP-4100 Controller

The DSP-4100 uses a 16 bit 68000 based microprocessor

to

control the board operations. This processor controls all

board outputs, downloads application software into the

DSP and its own RAM, and handles all communications

with the PC application program.

HAL030301

3.1.1 Microprocessor Section

The DSP-4100 controller

is

a Motorola

MC68ECOOO

16

bit microprocessor operating with a 10.24 MHz crystal

oscillator clock. Figure 3.2 illustrates the microprocessor

(U25), the Flash ROM (U20, U22) and RAM {U21, U23)

memory. The DSP-4100 does not include Read Only

Memory (EPROM) devices but instead uses a portion

of

the Flash ROM to store boot routines, lookup tables, and

other fixed routines.

The memory devices connected to the microprocessor

may be accessed as 8 bit bytes

or

16 bit words. The micro-

processor can access all external memory as 8 bit bytes on

even and odd addresses or

16

bit words on even addresses

only. Flash ROM U20 and ROM U22, enabled

by

LCS.L,

store the high or even address data bytes, and RAM

U21

and RAM U23, enabled by UCS.L, store the low or odd

address data bytes.

The ftxed "BOOT'' area

of

Flash ROM base address is

OOOOOH

and RAM memory starts at 40000H. All memory

and other board registers are mapped in memory address

space; there are no

110

addresses used. Since none

of

the

board level memory orregisters require wait or idle states,

the address strobe signal, AS.L, drives the access

acknowledge signal, DTACK.L, through two inverters.

The DSP-4100 application software is stored in non-

volatile Flash memory; new ftrmware is uploaded via the

serial port. The BOOT ROM section

of

the Flash memory

stores a boot-strap loading program and commonly used

utility subroutines. The application program executes

directly from the upload portion

of

the Flash ROM. The

DSP code

is

transferred from a separate section from the

Flash ROM during unit iflitialization.

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

I

3-2 TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

CHAPTER3

The

MC68ECOOO

has two possible board level interrupt

sources: HREQ.L from the DSP and UINT.L from the

serial port. The DSP-4100 microprocessor controller is

reset when power is ftrst applied. A dead-man timer auto-

matically resets the microprocessor and starts running the

power-on diagnostic routine.

3.1.2 Memory Decoding, Clocks,

and

Reset

Figure 3.3 illustrates the microprocessor memory decod-

ing circuits, the clock oscillator and divider circuits, and

the Flash memory programming voltage generator.

Since all board memory and registers are mapped in

memory address space, one dual two line to four line

decoder is usedto enable individual ROM and RAM chips

and other board registers. Note that the upper select signal

UCS.L enables the upper ROM and

RAM

chips while the

lowerselect signal LCS.L independentlyenables the lower

ROM and RAM chips and other miscellaneous input and

output registers.

Ul5

and U28 decode all memory

addressed. The DSP-4100 implements the address map

shown in Table 3.1.

Note that all memory and peripheral devices operate with-

out any externally added wait states.

The

MC68ECOOO

system clock is provided

by

dividing

the output

of

the 20.48 MHz clock

(Xl)

by

2 to produce

10.24MHz. This 10.24 MHz signal also clocks the Analog

Interface Circuit (AID and D/A, U3, Figure 3.8).

X1

also

provides the 20.48 MHz clock signal to the Digital Signal

Processor

(Ull,

Figure 3.7). A separate clock oscillator

(X2) provides a 7.3728 MHz clock for the serial 1/0

DART (U10, Figure 3.4).

Transistor

Q4

and OscillatorU26 generate a

12

VDC volt-

age which is used when Flash memory is reprogrammed.

This programming voltage (VPROG) is normally set to +5

volts DC.

Address Range

OOOOOH-

3FFFFH

40000H -FFFFFH

COOOOH

COOIOH

C0020H

C0030H

C0040H

COO

SOH

C0060H

HAL030301

Table 3.1

DSP-4100 Address

Map

Signal Description

ROML.L

ROM

Memory

Read

(128K)

ROMH.L

RAMIL.L

RAM

Memory Read/Write (64K)

RAMIH.L

CONTROL.L Control Latch

Write

UART.L

Diagnostic Port (not used)

HEN.L

DSP

Read/Write

Sanity Timer

LED.L

LED

Control

EECS.L Serial

EEPROM

Control

EEDO.L

Serial

EEPROM

Control

3.1.3 Serial 110

Port

Circuitry

The serial

110

interface circuitry is shown in Figure 3.4.

Two serial ports are supported in the DSP-4100. The dual

USART device (U10) supports bothports. The data rate

of

both ports is the same and

may

be set via software com-

mand to rates from 1200 through 57,400 bps. The factory

default setting is 9600 bps. Devices U7, U8, and U9 pro-

vide RS-232 level output and input signal levels for the

primary and secondary serial ports.

In

normal operation,

DSP-4100 control commands and data to be transmitted

or

received is passed via the primary port. Another serial

device -such as the control port

of

an HF radio -may

be connected to the DSP-4100 secondary serial 1/0 port

(DB-25 pins 12,13,14,16,19). Upon receipt

of

a special

command issued by the PC application program to the

primary port, the DSP-4100 will divert all following data

from the primary to the secondary port, bypassing the

modem entirely. A second command will restore the pri-

mary port to modem command and data use. This capabil-

ity allows a single com port on a lap-top

or

otherportable

computer to be used with the modem and control radio

parameters as well. HAL DSP41.EXE terminal program

does not support the secondary port.

3.1.4

Front

Panel Indicator LED's

Six LED indicators are provided

on

the DSP-4100 front

panel to show operational status

of

the modem. These

indicators are decoded and driven

by

circuit U27, as

shown in Figure 3.5. The LED status indications are:

Table3.2

Front Panel Indicators

Name Color Indications when

ON

STBY Green Standby and ready for use

CALL Amber Received its Selective Call

LINK Green Actively linked to another station

ERROR

Red Receive error has been detected

and is being corrected

TX

Red Transmitter is turned

ON

and

data is being sent

RX

Amber Transmitter is OFF and the

modem is in the receive state

3.1.5 PTT, FSK, and SELCAL

Output

Register;

Hardware Reset Timer

Figure 3.6 shows the control latch register. Included

on

this latch are the

PIT

control output, the direct

FSK

output, the SELCAL output, and the hardware reset timer

circuit. Note that the RESET.L signal clears all

of

the

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

~'

~

re

•

CHAPTER3

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 3-3

outputs on this latch whenever a hardware reset is per-

formed. The bit assignments for the control latch are

shown in Table 3.3.

Table 3.3

DSP-4100

Control

Latch

Bit Description

7 (not assigned)

6 DSP Mode control signal B

5 DSP Mode control signal A

4 DSP Reset Output (active low)

3 (not assigned)

2 FSK Output (active high)

1 PTT Output (active high)

0 SELCAL Output (active high)

The FSK output is controlled

by

transistor Q1, the PTT

output by transistor Q2, and the SELCAL output

by

tran-

sistor Q3. These outputs are all "open collector" and will

only switch a positive voltage to ground. The ratings

of

the

transistors should not

be

exceeded.

The hardware reset signal is controlled

by

the dead-man

timer U24. During normal operation, this chip is continu-

ally re-triggered by 68STAT.L. However, should these

pulses stop for more

than

about 250 ms, the hardware reset

signal RESET.L is activated.

In

addition, the host PC

application program may force a hardware reset with a

certain 1/0 address that pulses RESETIN.

3.2 DSP-4100 DSP

and

Audio Section

3.2.1

DSP

RAM

The DSP (U11) and associated 24 bit wide RAM (U4, US,

U6) is shown in Figure 3.7. During board initialization, the

DSP program is downloaded from the Flash memory,

through the

MC68ECOOO

controller and into the DSP pro-

gram RAM. The 8K 24-bit word DSP RAM is configured

with

4K

words

of

program memory, and 2K words each

of

X and Y data memory.

The DSP clock, DSPCLK, runs at a fixed 20.48 MHz rate,

provided by

X1

(Figure 3.3).

The DSP has one interrupt signal, HREQ.L, that it can use

to interrupt the

MC68ECOOO

during operation.

HAL030301

3.2.2 Audio

Input/Output

The DSP-4100 audio input and output sections are very

versatile. Once programmed, the DSP can generate nearly

any audio waveform, and can receive and decode very

complex audio signals, such as CLOVER-2000. As shown

in Figure 3.8, the "Audio Interface Circuit" (AIC, U3)

used in the DSP-4100 includes a

16

bit AID converter to

sample the input audio signal, and a 16 bit D/A converter

to generate the audio output signal.

In

the modulator audio output, two op amp sections (U2)

provide a four-pole low pass filter witha design cutofffre-

quency

of

3 kHz to filter any quantizing noise and clock

leakage on the output

of

the

D/

A converter. Jumper option

J2 is provided to select an audio output level

of

0 dBm

Qumper installed) or -30 dBm Qumper open). Transformer

coupling permits a balanced or unbalanced 600 ohm out-

put, depending on which is required.

The audio input circuitry is very simple. Due to the wide

dynamic range

of

the AID converter (U3), no input AGC

or

analog filtering is required. Transformer coupling

between the audio input and the AID converter permit

either balanced

or

unbalanced input connections. The

nominal input impedance is 10,000 ohms.

The Audio Interface Circuit operates with an internal

clock

of

10.24 MHz from U13 (Figure 3.3). The connec-

tion between

U3

and the DSP is a serial data channel.

3.3 DSP-4100

Power

and

110 Connections

Figure 3.9 summarizes all the DSP-4100 input and output

connections. Connectors

Jl,

J3, and J4 are located on the

rear panel

of

the modem.

The DSP-4100 uses +5 VDC and

-5

VDC for all circuits

-analog

or

digital. The nominal +

12

VDC input (18 V

maximum) is converted to +5 VDC

by

regulator VR3.

Voltage converter

VR1

and regulator VR2 provide -5 VDC

for the analog circuits. As described previously,

Q4

and

U26 (Figure 3.3) provide a

12

VDC programming signal

to the Flash memory IC's.

3.4 DSP-4100

Options

The DSP-4100 has few board options. As illustrated in

Figure 3.6, jumper field

J5

is provided for access to test

routines. The

J5

test options are shown in Table 3.4.

DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

I

3-4 TECHNICALDESCRIPTION

CHAPTER3

Table

3.4.

J5

Test Options

J5

Jumper Routine

1 Start Flash Loader

2 Start TEST Routines (@9600 bps)

3 Start MONITOR Routines

R Hardware Reset

The

J5

jumper field is read only during DSP-4100 power-

on initialization. Shorting

J5

on positions #1, #2, or

#3

forces the DSP-4100

to

the routine shown above. Options

#1 and

#3

start with the serial port set to the value stored

in EEPROM. Option #2, TEST, always runs at 9600 bps

and it stores that value in EEPROM. Option #R produces

a hardware reset each time these pins are shorted. The fac-

tory setting for

J5

is with all pins open-circuited (no

jumper and no options selected).

Jumper

J2

may be changed

to

adjust the maximum

modulator output level between -30 dBm or 0 dBm (600

ohm reference).

There are no user serviceable parts or adjustments on the

board except for the options and the modulator output

level adjustment. The removal

of

the DSP4100 board

requires replacement

of

the

+5

and

-5

regulator insulators.

Typical installations should require no changes in the

factory settings.

HAL030301 DSP-4100 TECHNICAL MANUAL

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Hal Communications DSP-4100 User manual

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