Howden Roots Tri-RAM 617 Instruction manual

www.howden.com
RootsTM Tri-RAMTM Tri-lobe
Blowers
Installation Operation & Maintenance Manual
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Do these things to get the most from your Roots Blower
Roots products are sold subject to the current General Terms of Sale, ES104 and Warranty Policy WP-5020.
Copies are available upon request.
Contents
Information Summary ...............................................................2
Safety Precautions....................................................................3
Operating Limitations................................................................3
Installation........................................................................... 4 - 6
Lubrication................................................................................7
Operation..................................................................................8
Troubleshooting ........................................................................9
Inspection & Maintenance ......................................................10
Figures ............................................................................ 11 - 12
Tables .....................................................................................13
Parts List.................................................................... 14, 17, 19
Assembly Drawings ...........................................15 - 16, 18, 20
• Check shipment for damage. If found, file claim with
carrier and notify Howden.
• Unpack shipment carefully, and check contents against
Packing List. Notify Howden if a shortage appears.
• Store in a clean, dry location until ready for installation.
Lift by methods discussed under INSTALLATION to
avoid straining or distorting the equipment. Keep covers
on all openings. Protect against weather and corrosion
if outdoor storage is necessary.
• Read OPERATING LIMITATIONS and INSTALLATION
sections in this manual and plan the complete
installation.
• Provide for adequate safeguards against accidents
to persons working on or near the equipment
during both installation and operation. See SAFETY
PRECAUTIONS.
• Install all equipment correctly. Foundation design
must be adequate and piping carefully done. Use
recommended accessories for operating protection.
• Make sure both driving and driven equipment is
correctly lubricated before start-up. See LUBRICATION.
• In event of trouble during installation or operation, do
not attempt repairs of Roots furnished equipment.
Notify Roots, giving all nameplate information plus an
outline of operating conditions and a description of the
trouble. Unauthorized attempts at equipment repair
may void Roots warranty.
• Units out of warranty may be repaired or adjusted by
the owner. Good inspection and maintenance practices
should reduce the need for repairs.
NOTE: Information in this manual is correct as of the date
of publication. Howden reserves the right to make design or
material changes without notice, and without obligation to make
similar changes on equipment of prior manufacture.
For your nearest Howden Office, dial our Customer Service
Hot Line toll free in the U.S.; 1 877 363 7668 or direct +1
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Safety Precautions
It is important that all personnel observe safety precautions
to minimize the chances of injury. Among many consider-
ations, the following should be particularly noted:
• Blower casing and associated piping or accessories
may become hot enough to cause major skin burns on
contact.
• Internal and external rotating parts of the blower and
driving equipment can produce serious physical injuries.
Do not reach into any opening in the blower while it is
operating, or while subject to accidental starting. Pro-
tect external moving parts with adequate guards.
• Disconnect power before doing any work, and avoid
bypassing or rendering inoperative any safety or protec-
tive devices.
• If blower is operated with piping disconnected, place a
strong coarse screen over the inlet and avoid standing
in the discharge air stream.
CAUTION: Never cover the blower inlet with your hand
or other part of body.
• Stay clear of inlet and discharge openings.
• Stay clear of the blast from pressure relief valves and
the suction area of vacuum relief valves.
• Use proper care and good procedures in handling, lift-
ing, installing, operating and maintaining the equipment.
• Casing pressure must not exceed 25 PSI (1725 mbar)
gauge. Do not pressurize vented cavities from an exter-
nal source, nor restrict the vents without first consulting
Roots.
• Do not use air blowers on explosive or hazardous
gases.
• Other potential hazards to safety may also be associat-
ed with operation of this equipment. All personnel work-
ing in or passing through the area should be trained to
exercise adequate general safety precautions.
Operating Limitations
A Roots blower or exhauster must be operated within
certain approved limiting conditions to enable continued
satisfactory performance. Warranty is contingent on such
operation.
Maximum limits for pressure, temperature and speed are
specified in TABLE 1, page 13 for various models & sizes
of blowers & exhausters. These limits apply to all units
of normal construction, when operated under standard
atmospheric conditions. Be sure to arrange connections or
taps for instruments such as thermometers and pressure or
vacuum gauges at or near the inlet and discharge connec-
tions of the unit. These, along with a tachometer, will enable
periodic checks of operating conditions.
PRESSURE – The pressure rise, between inlet and dis-
charge, must not exceed the figure listed for the specific unit
frame size concerned. Also, in any system where the unit
inlet is at a positive pressure above atmosphere a maximum
case rating of 25 PSI gauge (1725 mbar) should not be
exceeded without first consulting Roots. Never should the
maximum allowable differential pressure be exceeded.
On vacuum service, with the discharge to atmospheric pres-
sure, the inlet suction or vacuum must not be greater than
values listed for the specific frame size.
TEMPERATURE – Blower & exhauster frame sizes are ap-
proved only for installations where the following temperature
limitations can be maintained in service:
• Measured temperature rise must not exceed listed val-
ues when the inlet is at ambient temperature. Ambient
is considered as the general temperature of the space
around the unit. This is not outdoor temperature unless
the unit is installed outdoors.
• If inlet temperature is higher than ambient, the listed
allowable temperature rise values must be reduced by
2/3 of the difference between the actual measured inlet
temperature and the ambient temperature.
• The average of the inlet and discharge temperature
must not exceed 250°F. (121°C).
• The ambient temperature of the space the blower/
motor is installed in should not be higher than 120°F
(48.8°C).
SPEED – These blowers & exhausters may be operated
at speeds up to the maximum listed for the various frame
sizes. They may be direct coupled to suitable constant
speed drivers if pressure/temperature conditions are also
within limits. At low speeds, excessive temperature rise may
be a limiting factor.
Special Note: The listed maximum allowable temperature
rise for any particular blower & exhauster may occur well
before its maximum pressure or vacuum rating is reached.
This may occur at high altitude, low vacuum or at very low
speed. The units’ operating limit is always determined by the
maximum rating reached first. It can be any one of the three:
Pressure, Temperature or Speed.
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Installation
Roots blowers & exhausters are treated after factory assembly
to protect against normal atmospheric corrosion. The maxi-
mum period of internal protection is considered to be one year
under average conditions, if shipping plugs & seals are not
removed. Protection against chemical or salt water atmosphere
is not provided. Avoid opening the unit until ready to start
installation, as corrosion protection will be quickly lost due to
evaporation.
If there is to be an extended period between installation and
start up, the following steps should be taken to ensure corro-
sion protection.
• Coat internals of cylinder, gearbox and drive end
bearing reservoir with Nox-Rust VCI-10 or equivalent.
Repeat once a year or as conditions may require. Nox-
Rust VCI-10 is petroleum soluble and does not have to
be removed before lubricating. It may be obtained from
Daubert Chemical Co., 2000 Spring Rd., Oak Brook, Ill.
60521.
• Paint shaft extension, inlet and discharge flanges, and
all other exposed surfaces with Nox-Rust X-110 or
equivalent.
• Seal inlet, discharge, and vent openings. It is not
recommended that the unit be set in place, piped to
the system, and allowed to remain idle for extended
periods. If any part is left open to the atmosphere, the
Nox-Rust VCI-10 vapor will escape and lose its effec-
tiveness.
• Protect units from excessive vibration during storage.
• Rotate shaft three or four revolutions every two weeks.
• Prior to start up, remove flange covers on both inlet and
discharge and inspect internals to insure absence of
rust. Check all internal clearances. Also, at this time, re-
move gearbox and drive end bearing cover and inspect
gear teeth and bearings for rust.
Because of the completely enclosed unit design, location of
the installation is generally not a critical matter. A clean, dry
and protected indoor location is preferred. However, an out-
door location will normally give satisfactory service. Important
requirements are that the correct grade of lubricating oil be
provided for expected operating temperatures, and that the
unit be located so that routine checking and servicing can be
performed conveniently. Proper care in locating driver and
accessory equipment must also be considered.
Supervision of the installation by a Roots Service Engineer is
not usually required for these units. Workmen with experience
in installing light to medium weight machinery should be able
to produce satisfactory results. Handling of the equipment
needs to be accomplished with care, and in compliance with
safe practices. Unit mounting must be solid, without strain or
twist, and air piping must be clean, accurately aligned and
properly connected.
Bare-shaft Units: Two methods are used to handle a unit
without base. One is to use lifting lugs bolted into the top of
the unit headplates. Test them first for tightness and fractures
by tapping with a hammer. In lifting, keep the direction of
cable pull on these bolts as nearly vertical as possible. If lifting
lugs are not available, lifting slings may be passed under the
cylinder adjacent to the headplates. Either method prevents
strain on the extended drive shaft.
Packaged Units: When the unit is furnished mounted on a
baseplate, with or without a driver, use of lifting slings passing
under the base flanges is required. Arrange these slings so
that no strains are placed on the unit casing or mounting feet,
or on any mounted accessory equipment. DO NOT use the
lifting lugs in the top of the unit headplates.
Before starting the installation, remove plugs, covers or seals
from unit inlet and discharge connections and inspect the inte-
rior completely for foreign material. If cleaning is required, finish
by washing the cylinder, headplates and impeller thoroughly
with a petroleum solvent. Turn the drive shaft by hand to
make sure that the impellers turn freely at all points. Anti-rust
compound on the connection flanges and drive shaft exten-
sion may also be removed at this time with the same solvent.
Cover the flanges until ready to connect piping.
Mounting
Care will pay dividends when arranging the unit mounting. This
is especially true when the unit is a “bare-shaft” unit furnished
without a baseplate. The convenient procedure may be to mount
such a unit directly on a floor or small concrete pad, but this gen-
erally produces the least satisfactory results. It definitely causes
the most problems in leveling and alignment and may result in a
“Soft Foot” condition. Correct soft foot before operation to avoid
unnecessary loading on the casing and bearings. Direct use of
building structural framing members is not recommended.
For blowers without a base, it is recommended that a well
anchored and carefully leveled steel or cast iron mounting
plate be provided. The plate should be at least 1 inch (25 mm)
thick, with its top surface machined flat, and large enough to
provide leveling areas at one side and one end after the unit is
mounted. It should have properly sized studs or tapped holes
located to match the unit foot drilling. Proper use of a high
quality machinist’s level is necessary for adequate installation.
With the mounting plate in place and leveled, set the unit
on it without bolting and check for rocking. If it is not solid,
determine the total thickness of shims required under one foot
to stop rocking. Place half of this under each of the diagonally-
opposite short feet, and tighten the mounting studs or screws.
Rotate the drive shaft to make sure the impellers turn freely.
If the unit is to be direct coupled to a driving motor, consider
the height of the motor shaft and the necessity for it to be
aligned very accurately with the unit shaft. Best unit arrange-
ment is directly bolted to the mounting plate while the driver
is on shims of at least 1/8 inch (3mm) thickness. This allows
adjustment of motor position in final shaft alignment by varying
the shim thickness.
Aligning
When unit and driver are factory mounted on a common
baseplate, the assembly will have been properly aligned and is to
be treated as a unit for leveling purposes. Satisfactory instal-
lation can be obtained by setting the baseplate on a concrete
slab that is rigid and free of vibration, and leveling the top of the
base carefully in two directions so that it is free of twist. The slab
must be provided with suitable anchor bolts. The use of grouting
under and partly inside the leveled and shimmed base is recom-
mended.
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It is possible for a base-mounted assembly to become
twisted during shipment, thus disturbing the original align-
ment. For this reason, make the following checks after the
base has been leveled and bolted down. Disconnect the drive
and rotate the unit shaft by hand. It should turn freely at all
points. Loosen the unit foot hold-down screws and determine
whether all feet are evenly in contact with the base. If not,
insert shims as required and again check for free impeller rota-
tion. Finally, if unit is direct coupled to the driver, check shaft
and coupling alignment carefully and make any necessary
corrections.
In planning the installation, and before setting the unit,
consider how piping arrangements are dictated by the unit
design and assembly. Drive shaft rotation must be established
accordingly and is indicated by an arrow near the shaft.
Typical arrangement on vertical units has the drive shaft at the
top with counterclockwise rotation and discharge to the left.
Horizontal units are typically arranged with the drive shaft at
the left with counterclockwise rotation and discharge down.
See Figure 4 for other various unit arrangements and possible
conversions.
When a unit is DIRECT COUPLED to its driver, the driver
RPM must be selected or governed so as not to exceed the
maximum speed rating of the unit. Refer to Table 1, page 13
for allowable speeds of various unit sizes.
A flexible type coupling should always be used to connect the
driver and unit shafts.
When direct coupling a motor or engine to a blower you must
ensure there is sufficient gap between the coupling halves and
the element to prevent thrust loading the blower bearings.
When a motor, engine or blower is operated the shafts may
expand axially. If the coupling is installed in such a manner
that there is not enough room for expansion the blower shaft
can be forced back into the blower and cause the impeller
to contact the gear end headplate resulting in damage to the
blower. The two shafts must be in as near perfect alignment
in all directions as possible, and the gap must be established
with the motor armature on its electrical center if end-play ex-
ists. Coupling manufacturer’s recommendations for maximum
misalignment, although acceptable for the coupling, are
normally too large to achieve smooth operation and maximum
life of the blower.
The following requirements of a good installation are
recommended. When selecting a coupling to be fitted to the
blower shaft Roots recommends a taper lock style coupling
to ensure proper contact with the blower shaft. Coupling
halves must be fitted to the two shafts with a line to line thru
.001” interference fit. Coupling halves must be warmed up
per coupling manufacturer’s recommendations. Maximum
deviation in offset alignment of the shafts should not exceed
.005” (.13 mm) total indicator reading, taken on the two
coupling hubs. Maximum deviation from parallel of the inside
coupling faces should not exceed .001” (.03 mm) when
checked at six points around the coupling.
When a unit is BELT DRIVEN, the proper selection of sheave
diameters will result in the required unit speed. When selecting
a sheave to be fitted to the blower shaft Roots recommends
a taper lock style sheave to insure proper contact with the
blower shaft. This flexibility can lead to operating temperature
problems caused by unit speed being too low. Make sure
the drive speed selected is within the allowable range for the
specific unit size, as specified under Table 1, page 13.
Belt drive arrangements should employ two or more V-belts
running in grooved sheaves. Installation of the driver is less
critical than for direct coupling, but its shaft must be level and
parallel with the unit shaft. The driver should be mounted
on the inlet side of a vertical unit (horizontal piping) and
on the side nearest to the shaft on a horizontal unit. The
driver must also be mounted on an adjustable base to permit
installing, adjusting and removing the V-belts. To position the
driver correctly, both sheaves need to be mounted on their
shafts and the nominal shaft center distance known for the
belt lengths to be used.
CAUTION: Drive couplings and sheaves (pulleys) should have
an interference fit to the shaft of the blower (set screw types
of attachment generally do not provide reliable service.) It is
recommended that the drive coupling or sheave used have a
taper lock style bushing which is properly sized to provide the
correct interference fit required. Drive couplings, that require
heating to fit on the blower shaft, should be installed per
coupling manufacturer recommendations. A drive coupling or
sheave should not be forced on to the shaft of the blower as
this could affect internal clearances resulting in damage to the
blower.
Engine drive applications often require special con-
sideration to drive coupling selection to avoid harm-
ful torsional vibrations. These vibrations may lead to
blower damage if not dampened adequately. It is often
necessary to install a fly-wheel and/or a torsionally soft
elastic element coupling based on the Engine manufac-
turer recommendations.
The driver sheave should also be mounted as close to its
bearing as possible, and again should fit the shaft correctly.
Position the driver on its adjustable base so that 2/3 of the
total movement is available in the direction away from the unit,
and mount the assembly so that the face of the sheave is
accurately in line with the unit sheave. This position minimizes
belt wear, and allows sufficient adjustment for both installing
and tightening the belts. After belts are installed, adjust their
tension in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
However, only enough tension should be applied to prevent
slippage when the unit is operating under load. Excessive
tightening can lead to early bearing concerns or shaft break-
age.
Before operating the drive under power to check initial belt
tension, first remove covers from the unit connections. Make
sure the interior is still clean, then rotate the shaft by hand.
Place a coarse screen over the inlet connection to prevent
anything being drawn into the unit while it is operating, and
avoid standing in line with the discharge opening. Put oil in the
sumps per instructions under LUBRICATION.
Piping
Before connecting piping, remove any remaining anti-rust
compound from Unit connections. Clean pipe should be no
smaller than unit connections. In addition, make sure it is
free of scale, cuttings, weld beads, or foreign material of any
kind. To further guard against damage to the unit, especially
when an inlet filter is not used, install a substantial screen
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Motor on Inlet Side of Blower (Top Shaft)
Motor on Inlet Side of Blower (Bottom Shaft)
Motor on Drive Shaft
Side of Blower
Motor on Driven Shaft
Side of Blower
Motor on Discharge Side of Blower (Bottom Shaft)
Motor on Discharge Side of Blower (Top Shaft)
Top Shaft
INLETDISCHARGE
Top Shaft
INLET
DISCHARGE
Bottom Shaft
INLET
DISCHARGE
INLET
DISCHARGE
Bottom Shaft
Drive Shaft Driven Shaft
INLET
DISCHARGE
Drive Shaft Driven Shaft
INLETDISCHARGE
Fig. 1 - Acceptable Blower Drive Arrangement Options
Above are suggested locations for available accessories.
Acceptable Unacceptable
of 16 mesh backed with hardware cloth at or near the inlet
connections. Make provisions to clean this screen of collected
debris after a few hours of operation. It should be removed
when its usefulness has ended, as the wire will eventually
deteriorate and small pieces going into the unit may cause
serious damage.
Pipe flanges or male threads must meet the unit connections
accurately and squarely. DO NOT attempt to correct misalign-
ment by springing or cramping the pipe. In most cases this
will distort the unit casing and cause impeller rubbing. In se-
vere cases it can prevent operation or result in a broken drive
shaft. For similar reasons, piping should be supported near
the unit to eliminate dead weight strains. Also, if pipe expan-
sion is likely to occur from temperature change, installation of
flexible connectors or expansion joints is advisable.
Figure 3, page 11 represents an installation with all accessory
items that might be required under various operating condi-
tions. Inlet piping should be completely free of valves or other
restrictions. When a shut-off valve can not be avoided, make
sure a full size vacuum relief is installed nearest the unit inlet.
This will protect against unit overload caused by accidental
closing of the shut-off valve.
Need for an inlet silencer will depend on unit speed and pres-
sure, as well as sound-level requirements in the general
surroundings. An inlet filter is recommended, especially in
dusty or sandy locations. A discharge silencer is also normally
suggested, even though Whispair units operate at generally
lower noise levels than conventional rotary blowers. Specific
recommendations on silencing can be obtained from your
local Roots distributor.
Discharge piping requires a pressure relief valve, and should
include a manual unloading valve to permit starting the unit
under no-load conditions. Reliable pressure/vacuum gauges
and good thermometers at both inlet and discharge are
recommended to allow making the important checks on unit
operating conditions. The back-pressure regulator shown in
Figure 3, page 11 is useful mainly when volume demands
vary while the unit operates at constant output. If demand is
constant, but somewhat lower than the unit output, excess
may be blown off through the manual unloading valve.
In multiple unit installations where two or more units
operate with a common header, use of check valves is
mandatory. These should be of a direct acting or free swing-
ing type, with one valve located in each line between the
unit and header. Properly installed, they will protect against
damage from reverse rotation caused by air and material
back-flow through an idle unit.
After piping is completed, and before applying power, rotate
the drive shaft by hand again. If it does not move with uniform
freedom, look for uneven mounting, piping strain, excessive
belt tension or coupling misalignment.
DO NOT operate the unit at this time unless it has been
lubricated per instructions.
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Lubrication
Due to sludge build-up and seal leakage problems,
Roots recommendation is DO NOT USE Mobil SHC
synthetic oils in Roots blowers.
LUBRICATION: For Units with Splash Lubrication on
Both Ends.
• The specified and recommended oil is Roots Synthetic
oil of correct viscosity per Table 2, page 13.
• The proper oil level should be half way or middle of the
sight gauge when the blower is not operating. DO NOT
OVERFILL OIL SUMP/S as damage to the blower may
occur.
• Oil level may rise or fall in the gauge during operation to
an extent depending somewhat on oil temperature and
blower speed.
• It is recommended that the oil be changed after initial
100 hours of operation.
• Proper service intervals of the oil thereafter are based
on the discharge air temperature of the blower. Please
refer to the information below to properly determine the
oil service intervals.
• If you choose to use another oil other than the specified
and recommended Roots Synthetic, use a good grade
of industrial type non-detergent, rust inhibiting, anti-
foaming oil and of correct viscosity per Table 2, page
13.
• Roots does NOT recommend the use of automotive
type lubricants, as they are not formulated with the
properties mentioned above.
Normal life expectancy of the specified and recommended
Roots Synthetic oil is approximately 6000 hours with an oil
temperature of 180°F (82°C) or less. As the oil temperature
increases by increments of 15°F (8°C), the oil life is reduced
by half for each 15°F (8°C) increase. Example: Oil tem-
peratures of 195°F (90.5°C) will produce a life expectancy
reduced by half or 3000 hours oil service life.
Normal life expectancy of petroleum based oils is about
2000 hours with an oil temperature of about 180°F (82°C).
As the oil temperature increases by increments of 15°F
(8°C), the life is reduced by half for each 15°F (8°C) increase.
Example: Oil temperatures of 195°F (90.5°C) will produce life
expectancy reduced by half or 1000 hours oil service life.
NOTE: To estimate oil temperature, multiply the discharge
temperature of the blower by 0.88. Example: if the discharge
air temperature of the blower is 200° F, it is estimated that
the oil temperature is 176° F.
High ambient temperatures contribute to increased lubrication
sump temperatures. In situations such as blowers in a enclo-
sure, blowers exposed to radiant heat from other sources,
blowers installed in areas with poor air circulation or ambient
temperatures above 80°F the lubrication sump temperature
should be measured rather than fully rely on the calculation.
Bearings and oil seals are lubricated by the action of the
timing gears or oil slingers which dip into the main oil sumps
causing oil to splash directly on gears and into bearings
and seals. A drain port is provided below each bearing to
prevent an excessive amount of oil in the bearings. Seals
located inboard of the bearings in each headplate effectively
retain oilwithin the sumps. Any small leakage that may occur
should the seals wear passes into a cavity in each vented
headplate and is drained downward. Oil sumps on each end
of the blower are filled by removing top vent plugs, Item (21),
and filling until oil reaches the middle of the oil level sight
gauge, Item (37).
Initial filling of the sumps should be accomplished with the
blower not operating, in order to obtain the correct oil level.
Approximate oil quantities required for blowers of the various
models and configurations are listed in Table 3, page 13.
The oil level should not fall below the middle of the site
gauge when the blower is idle.
Proper lubrication is usually the most important single
consideration in obtaining maximum service life and satisfac-
tory operation from the unit. Unless operating conditions are
severe, a weekly check of oil level and necessary addition of
lubricant should be sufficient. During the first week of opera-
tion, check the oil levels in the oil sumps about once a day,
and watch for leaks. Replenish as necessary. Thereafter, an
occasional check should be sufficient.
More frequent oil service may be necessary if the blower is
operated in a very dusty location.
*Roots Synthetic oil is superior in performance to petroleum
based products. It has high oxidation stability, excellent cor-
rosion protection, extremely high film strength and low coef-
ficient of friction. Typical oil change intervals are increased
2-3 times over petroleum based lubricants. Also, Roots
Synthetic oil is 100% compatible with petroleum based oils.
Simply drain the oil in the blower and refill the reservoirs with
Roots Synthetic oil to maintain optimum performance of
your Roots blower.
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Operation
Before operating a blower under power for the first time,
recheck the unit and the installation thoroughly to reduce the
likelihood of avoidable troubles. Use the following procedure
check list as a guide, but consider any other special condi-
tions in the installation.
• Be certain that no bolts, tools, rags, or debris have
been left in the blower air chamber or piping.
• If an outdoor intake without filter is used, be sure the
opening is located so it cannot pick up dirt and is pro-
tected by a strong screen or grille. Use of the temporary
protective screen as described under INSTALLATION is
strongly recommended.
• Recheck blower leveling, drive alignment and tightness
of all mounting bolts if installation is not recent. If belt
drive is used, adjust belt tension correctly.
• Turn drive shaft by hand to make sure impellers still
rotate without bumping or rubbing at any point.
• Ensure oil levels in the main oil sumps are correct.
• Check lubrication of driver. If it is an electric motor, be
sure that power is available and that electrical overload
devices are installed and workable.
• Open the manual unloading valve in the discharge air
line. If a valve is in the inlet piping, be sure it is open.
• Bump blower a few revolutions with driver to check
that direction of rotation agrees with arrow near blower
shaft, and that both coast freely to a stop.
After the preceding points are cleared, blower is ready for
trial operation under “no-load” conditions. The following
procedure is suggested to cover this initial operation test
period.
a. Start blower, let it accelerate to full speed, then shut off.
Listen for knocking sounds, both with power on and as
speed slows down.
b. After blower comes to a complete stop, repeat above,
but let blower run 2 or 3 minutes. Check for noises,
such as knocking sounds.
c. After blower comes to a complete stop, operate blower
for about 10 minutes unloaded. Check oil levels. Ob-
serve cylinder and headplate surfaces for development
of hot spots such as burned paint, indicating impeller
rubs. Be aware of any noticeable increase in vibration.
Assuming that all trials have been satisfactory, or that
necessary corrections have been made, the blower should
now have a final check run of at least one hour under normal
operating conditions. After blower is restarted, gradually
close the discharge unloading valve to apply working pres-
sure. At this point it is recommended that a pressure gauge
or manometer be connected into the discharge line if not
already provided, and that thermometers be in both inlet
and discharge lines. Readings from these instruments will
show whether pressure or temperature ratings of the blower
are being exceeded.
During the final run, check operating conditions frequently
and observe the oil levels at reasonable intervals. If exces-
sive noise or local heating develops, shut down immediately
and determine the cause. If either pressure rise or tempera-
ture rise across the blower exceeds the limit specified in this
manual, shut down and investigate conditions in the piping
system. Refer to the TROUBLESHOOTING CHECKLIST
for suggestions on various problems that may appear.
The blower should now be ready for continuous duty
operation at full load. During the first few days make periodic
checks to determine whether all conditions remain steady,
or at least acceptable. This may be particularly important
if the blower is supplying air to a process system where
conditions can vary. At the first opportunity, stop the blower
and clean the temporary inlet protective screen. If no ap-
preciable amount of debris has collected, the screen may be
removed.
See comments under INSTALLATION. At this same time,
verify leveling, coupling alignment or belt tension, and
mounting bolt tightness.
Should operating experience prove that blower capacity is a
little too high for the actual air requirements, a small excess
may be blown off continuously through the manual unload-
ing or vent valve. Never rely on the pressure relief valve
as an automatic vent. Such use may cause the discharge
pressure to become excessive, and can also result in failure
of the valve itself. If blower capacity appears to be too low,
refer to the TROUBLESHOOTING CHECKLIST.
Vibration Assessment Criteria
With measurements taken at the bearing locations on the
housings, see chart below for an appropriate assessment
guide for rotary lobe blowers rigidly mounted on stiff founda-
tions.
In general, blower vibration levels should be monitored on a
regular basis and the vibration trend observed for progres-
sive or sudden change in level. If such a change occurs, the
cause should be determined through spectral analysis.
As shown on the chart below, the level of all pass vibration
will determine the need to measure discrete frequency vibra-
tion levels and the action required.
All Pass Vibration
in/sec-pk
(mm/sec-rms)
Discrete Fre-
quency
Vibration
in/sec (mm/sec-
rms)
Action
0.45 (8) or less N/R Acceptable
Greater than 0.45
(8) but1.0 (18) or
less
0.45 (8) or less @
any
frequency
Acceptable
Greater than 0.45
(8)@ any frequency Investigate
Greater than 1.0
(18) Less than 1.0 (18) Investigate
Greater than 1.0
(18) Investigate
GEA19684_ISRB-2008_Tri-RAM_rev02.16.indd 8 15/02/2016 11:17:05

9
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
Troubleshooting Checklist
Trouble Item Possible Cause Remedy
No flow 1
2
3
Speed too low
Wrong rotation
Obstruction in piping
Check by tachometer and compare with published perfor-
mance.
Compare actual rotation with Figure 1, change driver if wrong.
Check piping, valves, silencer to assure open flow path.
Low capacity 4
5
6
7
Speed too low
Excessive pressure
rise
Obstruction in piping
Excessive slip
See item 1, if belt drive, check for slippage and re-adjust ten-
sion.
Check inlet vacuum and discharge pressure and compare with
published performance.
See item 3.
Check inside of casing for worn or eroded surfaces causing ex-
cessive clearances
Excessive power 8
9
10
11
Speed too high
Excessvie pressure
rise
Impeller rubbing
Scale , sludge, rust or
product build up
Check speed and compare with published performance.
See item 5
Inspect outside of cylinder for high temperature areas, then check
for impeller contact at these points. Correct blower mounting, drive
alignment.
Clean blower appropriately
Damage to bearings
or gears
12
13
14
15
16
Inadequate lubrica-
tion
Excessive lubrica-
tion
Excessive pressure
rise
Coupling misalign-
ment
Excessive belt ten-
sion
Check oil sump levels in gear and drive end headplates
Check oil levels. If correct, drain and refill with clean oil of recom-
mended grade.
See item 5.
Check carefully. Re-align if questionable.
Re-adjust for correct tension.
Vibration 17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Misalignment
Impellers rubbing
Worn bearings/gears
Unbalanced or rub-
bing impeller
Driver or blower
loose
Piping resonances
Scale/sludge build-
ups
Casing strain
See item 15
See item 10
Check gear backlash and conditions of bearings and replace as
indicated.
Scale or process material may build up on casing and impellers, or
inside impellers. Remove build-up to restore original clearances and
impeller balance.
Tighten mounting bolts securely.
Determine whether standing wave pressure pulsations are present
in the piping.
Clean out interior of impeller lobes to restore dynamic balance.
Re-work piping alignment to remove excess strain.
Driver stops, or will
not start
25
26
Impeller stuck
Scale, sludge, rust or
prodcut build-up
Check for excessive hot spot on headplate or cynlinder. See
item 10. Look for defective shaft bearing and/or gear teeth.
Clean blower appropiately
Excessive breather
Blow-by or exces-
sive oil leakage to
vent area
Excessive oil leak-
age in vent area
27
28
29
30
31
32
Broken seal
Defective O-ring
Defective/plugged
breather
Oil level too high
Oil type or viscosity
incorrect
Blower running hot
Replace seals
Replace seals and O-ring
Replace breather and monitor oil leakage
Check sump levels in gear and drive headplates
Check oil to ensure it meets recommendations. Drain then fill
with clean oil of recommended grade.
Recommended oil temperature can be found on page 6 of this
manual. The blower must be operated within the conditions of
this manual.
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GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
10
Inspection & Maintenance
A good program of consistent inspection and maintenance
is the most reliable method of minimizing repairs to a blower.
A simple record of services and dates will help keep this
work on a regular schedule. Basic service needs are:
• Lubrication
• Checking for hot spots
• Checking for increases or changes in vibration and
noise
• Recording of operating pressures and temperatures
Above all, a blower must be operated within its specified
rating limits, to obtain satisfactory service life.
A newly installed blower should be checked often during
the first month of full-time operation. Attention there after
may be less frequent assuming satisfactory performance.
Lubrication is normally the most important consideration and
weekly checks of lubricant levels in the gearbox and bear-
ing reservoirs should be customary. Complete oil change
schedules are discussed under LUBRICATION.
Driver lubrication practices should be in accordance with the
manufacturer’s instructions. If direct connected to the blower
through a lubricated type coupling, the coupling should be
checked and greased each time blower oil is changed. This
will help reduce wear and prevent unnecessary vibration. In
a belted drive system, check belt tension periodically and
inspect for frayed or cracked belts.
In a new, and properly installed, unit there is no contact
between the two impellers, or between the impellers and
cylinder or headplates. Wear is confined to the bearings
(which support and locate the shafts) the oil seals, and the
timing gears. All are lubricated and wear should be minimal
if clean oil of the correct grade is always used. Seals are
subject to deterioration and wear, and may require replace-
ment at varying periods.
Piston ring seals (28) are designed to operate without rub-
bing contact, once temperature and thermal growth have
stabilized. The stationary rings will rub the rotating sleeve
(38) briefly as a result of temperature cycles that occur
during the startup and shutdown of the unit. The sleeves are
hardened and the rings are coated with dry lubricant that
provides for temporary break in wear. Replace piston ring
seals if they become excessively worn.
Shaft bearings are designed for optimum life under aver-
age conditions with proper lubrication and are critical to the
service life of the blower. Gradual bearing wear may allow
a shaft position to change slightly, until rubbing develops
between impeller and casing. This will cause spot heating,
which can be detected by observing these surfaces. Sud-
den bearing failure is usually more serious. Since the shaft
and impeller are no longer supported and properly located,
extensive general damage to the blower casing and gears is
likely to occur.
Oil seals should be considered expendable items, to be
replaced whenever drainage from the headplate vent cavity
becomes excessive or when the blower is disassembled for
any reason. Some oil seal leakage may occur since an oil
film under the lip is required for proper operation. Periodi-
cally leaked oil should be wiped off from surfaces. Minor
seal weepage should not be considered as indicating seal
replacement.
Timing gear wear, when correct lubrication is maintained,
should be negligible. Gear teeth are cut to provide the
correct amount of backlash, and gears correctly mounted
on the shafts will accommodate a normal amount of tooth
wear without permitting contact between lobes of the two
impellers. However, too high an oil level will cause churning
and excessive heating. This is indicated by unusually high
temperature at the bottom of the gear housing. Consequent
heating of the gears will result in loss of tooth-clearance ,
backlash and rapid wear of the gear teeth usually will de-
velop. Continuation of this tooth wear will eventually produce
impeller contacts (knocking), and from this point serious
damage will be unavoidable if blower operation is continued.
A similar situation can be produced suddenly by gear tooth
fracture, which is usually brought on by sustained overload-
ing or momentary shock loads.
Problems may also develop from causes other than internal
parts failure. Operating clearances within a blower are only
a few thousandths of an inch. This makes it possible for
impeller interferences or casing rubs to result from shifts in
the blower mounting, or from changes in piping support. If
this type of trouble is experienced, and the blower is found
to be clean, try removing mounting strains. Loosen blower
mounting bolts and reset the leveling and drive alignment.
Then tighten mounting again, and make sure that all piping
meets blower connections accurately and squarely Foreign
materials sucked into the blower will also cause trouble,
which can only be cured by disconnecting the piping and
thoroughly cleaning the blower interior.
A wide range of causes & solutions for operating troubles
are covered in the TROUBLE SHOOTING CHECKLIST.
The remedies suggested should be performed by qualified
mechanics with a good background. Major repairs generally
are to be considered beyond the scope of maintenance, and
should be referred to your authorized Roots distributor.
Warranty failures should not be repaired at all, unless spe-
cific approval has been obtained through a Sales Office or
the factory before starting work. Unauthorized disassembly
within the warranty period may void the warranty.
GEA19684_ISRB-2008_Tri-RAM_rev02.16.indd 10 15/02/2016 11:17:05

Figure 2 - Allowable Overhung Loads for V-belt Drives for Tri-RAM Blowers - Models 409 thru 832
Model
Dimen-
sion A
Inch (mm)
Max
Allowable
Shaft Load
lb•in
(kg•mm)
Min
Sheave
Diameter
Inch (mm)
Max
Sheave
Width
Inch (mm)
409, 413,
416 1.90 (48.3) 5,100
(58.9) 7.1 (180) 3.06 (78)
617, 621 2.11 (53.6) 10,000
(115) 8.5 (215) 4.44 (112)
722, 728 2.44 (62) 13,000
(150)
11.80
(300) 4.43 (112)
826, 832 3.03 (77) 21,000
(242) 13.2 (335) 7.19 (183)
NOTE:
Arc of sheave belt contact on the smaller sheave not to be less than 170°.
Driver to be installed on the inlet side for vertical units, and on the drive shaft
side for horizontal units.
Roots recommends the use of two or more 3VX, 5VX or 8VX matched or
banded belts and sheaves.
1/4" Max (6.3 mm Max)
A
Manual Discharge Unloading Valve
Inlet Air Filter
Manometers
Temporary Screen
Expansion Joint
AIR BLOWER
Expansion Joint with Control Unit
Differential Pressure &
Temperature Switches
Discharge Silencer
Temperature Gauge
Isolation Valve
with Limit Switch
Check Valve
Pressure Relief Valve
Back Pressure
Regulator (optional)
Vacuum Relief Valve
Inlet
Silence
r
Temperature Gauge
11
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
*Belt Pull in lbs = 27500 • Motor BHP
Blower RPM• Sheave Diameter in inches
Shaft load (lb•in) = Belt Pull (lbs) • (A" + ¼"+ )
Sheave Width (")
2
*Belt Pull in kg = 4,255,000 • Motor KW
Blower RPM• Sheave Diameter in mm
Shaft load (kg•mm) = Belt Pull (kg) • (Amm + 6.3mm + )
Sheave Width (mm)
2
1000
*Based on SF = 1.4 for v-belt drives. If higher SF belt is used, belt load should be increased proportionally and may exceed limits of the blower.
Figure 3 - Air Blower Installation with Accessories
Above are suggested locations for available accessories.
GEA19684_ISRB-2008_Tri-RAM_rev02.16.indd 11 15/02/2016 11:17:06

1. Standard Arrangement (3-way universal)
External Sight Glasses (37) and Breathers (21) must be relocated as shown.
Feet (76 and 77) and Lifting Lugs (63) must be relocated as shown.
3. Bottom drive shaft arrangement “special order” (3-way universal)
Special OGE oil slinger required for assembly.
May be converted to horizontal configuration as previously shown.
2. Non-Standard Arrangement (3-way universal)
Cylinder (11) Must be unbolted from headplates (1) and discharge
relocated as shown. Must have authorization for conversion so
not to void warranty.
External sight glasses (37) and breathers (21) must be relocated also.
Feet (76 and 77) and Lifting Lugs (63) must be relocated as shown.
DISCH INLET
TOP DRV, L.S. DISCH L.H. DRV, BTM DISCHR.H. DRV, TOP DISCH
TOP DRV, R.S. DISCH
BTM DRV, R.S. DISCH BTM DRV, L.S. DISCH
R.H. DRV, BTM DISCH L.H. DRV, TOP DISCH
CCW
DISCH
INLET
CW
DISCH DISCH
INLET INLET
CCWCW
DISCH INLET
DISCH
INLET
CCW
DISCH
DISCH
INLET
INLET
CW
CW
CCW
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
12
Figure 4 - Gas Blower Installations with Accessories
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13
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
Table 1 - Tri-RAM Maximum Allowable Operating Conditions
Table 3 - Tri-RAM Approximate Oil Sump Capacities
Model Speed
RPM
Temperature Rise Delta Pressure Inlet Vacuum
F° C° PSI mbar INHG mbar
409 4750 240 133 15 1034 16 539
413 4750 240 133 15 1034 16 539
416 4400 240 133 12 827 16 539
617 3560 230 128 15 1034 16 539
621 3560 230 128 12 827 16 539
722 3050 230 128 15 1034 16 539
728 3050 230 128 12 827 16 539
826 2670 230 128 15 1034 16 539
832 2670 230 128 12 827 16 539
Table 2 - Recommended Oil Grades
Ambient*
Temperature °F (°C)
ISO
Viscosity No.
Above 90° (32°) 320
32° to 90° (0° to 32°) 220
0° to 32° (-18° to 0°) 150
Below 0° (-18°) 100
Use a good grade of industrial type non-detergent, rust
inhibiting, anti-foaming oil and of correct viscosity per Table
2. Roots Synthetic Oil (Roots P/N 813-106-) is specified
and recommended. Roots does not recommend automo-
tive type lubricants, as they are not formulated with the
properties mentioned above.
Due to sludge build-up and seal leakage problems,
Roots recommendation is DO NOT USE Mobil SHC
synthetic lubricants in Roots blowers.
*Ambient temperature is defined as the temperature of the space in which the
blower and drive are located.
These capacities are provided to assist stocking the correct amount of oil. Exact sump capacity may differ slightly.
See “Lubrication” section for proper filling instructions.
Model Number/
Drive Shaft Location
Gearbox Drive End
Fluid Ounces Liters Fluid Ounces Liters
409, 413, 416 (left or right) 36 1.06 19 0.56
409, 413, 416 (top or bottom) 18 0.52 9 0.27
617, 621 (left or right) 95 2.81 50 1.48
614, 621 (top or bottom) 55 1.63 28 0.83
722, 728 (left or right) 155 4.59 70 2.07
722, 728 (top or bottom) 80 2.37 40 1.18
826, 832 (left or right) 256 7.6 120 3.5
826, 832 (top or bottom) 144 4.3 80 2.37
GEA19684_ISRB-2008_Tri-RAM_rev02.16.indd 13 15/02/2016 11:17:06

GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
14
Specified Lubricants Tri-RAM Blowers Parts List - Models 409 through 621
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-320 Grade
Part Number
Quart 813-106-004
Gallon 813-106-005
Case (12 qts) 813-106-007
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-220 Grade
Part Number
Quart 813-106-001
Gallon 813-106-002
Case (12 qts) 813-106-008
Item Num-
ber Part Name Quantity
1 Headplate 2
3 Gearbox 1
4 Timing Gears 2
5 End Cover 1
7 Gasket – Gearbox/Cover 2
10 Shims Lot
11 Cylinder 1
12 Impeller & Shaft Drive 1
13 Impeller & Shaft Driven 1
14 Bearing Roller 4
16 Pin, Dowel (Pull Out) 4
17 Pin, Dowel 2
19 Key Square 1
21 Breather 2
22 Plug, Pipe 12
23 Screw, Cap Hex Hd. *
27/27A Seal, Hydrodynamic 4
28 Piston, Ring-Seal 4
29 Washer, Wavy Spring 2
31 Gear Nut 2
32 Scr, Cap Hex Hd. 16
33 Seal, Hydrodynamic 1
34 Brg. Clamp Plate - D. E. 2
35 Lock Washer - Spring 16
37 Sight Plug - Oil Level 2
38 Sleeve, Shaft 4
40 Slinger - D.E. (Top Drive) 1
46 Slinger - G.E. 1
49 Oil Leader L/S 1
50 Oil, Leader-R/S 1
54 Brg Clamp Plate - G. E. 2
60 Screw, Cap Butt. HD. 1
64 Pin, Spring 1
66 Screw, Cap Hex HD. *
66A/66B Whispair, Spring Lock
3/8M *
70 Shims D.E. Brg. 1
75 Screw, Cap - Hex HD. *
76 Blower Foot - RH (op-
tional) 2
77 Blower Foot - LH (op-
tional) 2
85 Elb, Pipe-Black 2
85.1
Plug, Pipe 2
87 Scr, Cap BH 2
88 Anti Rotation Ball 4
90 BSHG-RDCG 2
91 Washer, Plain Flat 2
92 Washer, Plain Flat 2
93 Washer 2
94 Oil Leader 2
95 Cap Screw 4
*Quantity varies by blower.
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15
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
Assembly of Tri-RAM Tri-Lobe Blowers Models 409, 413, & 416
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GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
16
Assembly of Tri-RAM Tri-Lobe Blowers Models 617 & 621
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17
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
Specified Lubricants Tri-RAM Blowers Parts List - Models 722 and 728
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-320 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106004
Gallon 13106005
Case (12 qts) 13106007
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-220 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106001
Gallon 13106002
Case (12 qts) 13106008
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-150 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106020
Gallon 13106021
Case (12 qts) 13106023
5 Gallon Pail 13106022
55 Gallon Drum 13106025
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-100 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106011
Gallon 13106012
Case (12 qts) 13106014
5 Gallon Pail 13106013
55 Gallon Drum 13106016
Item Num-
ber Part Name Quantity
1 Headplate 2
3 Gearbox 1
4 Timing Gears 2
5 End Cover 1
7Gasket – Gearbox/Cover 2
10 Shims Lot
11 Cylinder 1
12 Impeller & Shaft Drive 1
13 Impeller & Shaft Driven 1
14 Bearing Roller 4
16 Pin, Dowel (Pull Out) 4
17 Pin, Dowel 2
19 Key Square 1
21 Breather 2
22 Plug, Pipe 12
23 Screw, Cap Hex Hd. *
27/27A Seal, Hydrodynamic 4
28 Piston, Ring-Seal 4
29 Washer, Wavy Spring 2
31 Gear Nut 2
32 Scr, Cap Hex Hd. 16
33 Seal, Hydrodynamic 1
34 Brg. Clamp Plate - D. E. 2
35 Lock Washer - Spring 16
37 Sight Plug - Oil Level 2
38 Sleeve, Shaft 4
40 Slinger - D.E. (Top Drive) 1
46 Slinger - G.E. 1
54 Brg Clamp Plate - G. E. 2
55 Screw, Cap Butt. HD. 2
56 Washer, Plain 2
60 Screw, Cap Butt. HD. 1
64 Pin, Spring 1
65 Coupling Pipe 2
66 Close Nipple 2
73 Blower Foot - RH (op-
tional) 2
74 Blower Foot - LH (op-
tional) 2
78 Capscrews 6
88 Anti Rotation Ball 4
210 Inlet/Discharge Gasket 2
85.1
Plug, Pipe 2
87 Scr, Cap BH 2
88 Anti Rotation Ball 4
90 BSHG-RDCG 2
91 Washer, Plain Flat 2
92 Washer, Plain Flat 2
93 Washer 2
94 Oil Leader 2
95 Cap Screw 4
210 Inlet/Discharge Gasket 2
*Quantity varies by blower.
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GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
18
Assembly of Tri-RAM Tri-Lobe Blowers Models 722 and 728
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19
GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
Specified Lubricants Tri-RAM Blowers Parts List - Models 826 and 832
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-320 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106004
Gallon 13106005
Case (12 qts) 13106007
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-220 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106001
Gallon 13106002
Case (12 qts) 13106008
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-150 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106020
Gallon 13106021
Case (12 qts) 13106023
5 Gallon Pail 13106022
55 Gallon Drum 13106025
Roots Synthetic Oil: ISO-VG-100 Grade
Part Number
Quart 13106011
Gallon 13106012
Case (12 qts) 13106014
5 Gallon Pail 13106013
55 Gallon Drum 13106016
Item Num-
ber Part Name Quantity
1 Headplate 2
3 Gearbox 1
4 Timing Gears 2
5 End Cover 1
7 Gasket – Gearbox/Cover 2
10 Shims Lot
11 Cylinder 1
12 Impeller & Shaft Drive 1
13 Impeller & Shaft Driven 1
14 Bearing Roller 4
16 Pin, Dowel (Pull Out) 4
17 Pin, Dowel 2
19 Key Square 1
21 Breather 2
22 Plug, Pipe 12
23 Screw, Cap Hex Hd. *
27/27A Seal, Hydrodynamic 4
28 Piston, Ring-Seal 4
29 Washer, Wavy Spring 2
31 Gear Nut 2
32 Scr, Cap Hex Hd. 16
33 Seal, Hydrodynamic 1
34 Brg. Clamp Plate - D. E. 2
35 Lock Washer - Spring 16
37 Sight Plug - Oil Level 2
38 Sleeve, Shaft 4
40 Slinger - D.E. (Top Drive) 1
46 Slinger - G.E. 1
54 Brg Clamp Plate - G. E. 2
55 Screw, Cap Butt. HD. 2
56 Washer, Plain 2
60 Screw, Cap Butt. HD. 1
64 Pin, Spring 1
65 Coupling Pipe 2
66 Close Nipple 2
73 Blower Foot - RH (op-
tional) 2
74 Blower Foot - LH (op-
tional) 2
78 Capscrews 6
88 Anti Rotation Ball 4
210 Inlet/Discharge Gasket 2
85.1
Plug, Pipe 2
87 Scr, Cap BH 2
88 Anti Rotation Ball 4
90 BSHG-RDCG 2
91 Washer, Plain Flat 2
92 Washer, Plain Flat 2
93 Washer 2
94 Oil Leader 2
95 Cap Screw 4
210 Inlet/Discharge Gasket 2
*Quantity varies by blower.
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GEA19684 ISRB_2008 rev._11.15
20
Assembly of Tri-RAM Tri-Lobe Blowers Models 826 & 832
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