ITT Goulds Pumps 3107 Manual

Installation, Operation and
Maintenance Instructions
3107

Table of Contents
1 Safety..................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Important Safety Notice............................................................................................................................. 3
1.2 Safety warnings......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.3 Safety ........................................................................................................................................................4
1.4 General precautions .................................................................................................................................. 5
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use..................................................................................................8
1.6 Parts .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Installation........................................................................................................................................................10
2.1 Description of units.................................................................................................................................. 10
2.2 Storage, uncrating & handling ................................................................................................................. 10
2.3 Location................................................................................................................................................... 11
2.4 Installation - closecoupled and vertical pumps........................................................................................ 11
2.5 Installation - horizontal pumps................................................................................................................. 12
2.6 Alignment procedures .............................................................................................................................13
2.7 Piping - general .......................................................................................................................................17
2.8 Piping - suction........................................................................................................................................ 18
2.9 Piping - discharge.................................................................................................................................... 20
2.10
Connection of piping ............................................................................................................................... 21
2.11 Rotation ................................................................................................................................................. 21
2.12 Connection of coupling.......................................................................................................................... 21
3 Preparation for operation ...............................................................................................................................22
3.1 Pump bearings ........................................................................................................................................22
3.2
Driver bearings and coupling .................................................................................................................. 23
3.3 Stuffing boxes.......................................................................................................................................... 23
3.4 Connection of sealing liquid or grease lubricator (packed box)............................................................... 25
3.5 Connection of cooling water piping .........................................................................................................25
3.6 Connection of drain piping....................................................................................................................... 26
3.7 Connection of equalizing piping ..............................................................................................................27
3.8 Impeller adjustment ................................................................................................................................. 27
4 Starting pump ..................................................................................................................................................28
4.1 Checking for free turning ......................................................................................................................... 28
4.2 Regulation of cooling and flushing liquids ...............................................................................................28
4.3 Priming ....................................................................................................................................................28
4.4 Initial inspection after starting.................................................................................................................. 31
4.5 Alignment - final....................................................................................................................................... 32
4.6 Doweling.................................................................................................................................................. 32
5 Operation..........................................................................................................................................................34
5.1 Stuffing box .............................................................................................................................................34
5.2 Operating at reduced capacities.............................................................................................................. 34
5.3 Operating at reduced head...................................................................................................................... 35
5.4 Operating with surge conditions in line.................................................................................................... 35
5.5 Operating under freezing conditions .......................................................................................................35
Table of Contents
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 1

6 Maintenance.....................................................................................................................................................36
6.1 Lubrication............................................................................................................................................... 36
6.2 Impeller adjustment ................................................................................................................................. 37
6.3 Disassembly of pump .............................................................................................................................. 37
6.4 Sectional View and Parts List.................................................................................................................. 41
6.5 Inspection and Overhaul .........................................................................................................................42
6.6 Reassembly of pump............................................................................................................................... 42
7 Trouble check list ............................................................................................................................................47
7.1 No liquid delivered................................................................................................................................... 47
7.2 Not enough liquid delivered..................................................................................................................... 47
7.3 Not enough pressure............................................................................................................................... 47
7.4 Pump works a while and then quits......................................................................................................... 48
7.5 Pump takes too much power................................................................................................................... 48
7.6 Pump leaks excessively at stuffing box................................................................................................... 48
7.7 Pump is noisy or vibrates ........................................................................................................................49
7.8 High bearing temperature........................................................................................................................ 49
8 Care and Maintenance of Bearings ...............................................................................................................50
8.1 Bearing temperatures.............................................................................................................................. 50
8.2 Bearing inspection.................................................................................................................................. 50
8.3 Cleaning of bearings ...............................................................................................................................50
8.4 Bearing removal ......................................................................................................................................51
8.5 Ball bearing installation ...........................................................................................................................51
9 Ordering of spare parts ..................................................................................................................................53
9.1 Spare parts.............................................................................................................................................. 53
9.2 Instructions for ordering spare parts........................................................................................................ 54
Table of Contents
2 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

1 Safety
1.1 Important Safety Notice
To: Our Valued Customers:
User safety is a major focus in the design of our products. Following the precautions outlined in this man-
ual will minimize your risk of injury.
ITT Goulds pumps will provide safe, trouble-free service when properly installed, maintained, and operat-
ed.
Safe installation, operation, and maintenance of ITT Goulds Pumps equipment are an essential end user
responsibility. This Pump Safety Manual identifies specific safety risks that must be considered at all
times during product life. Understanding and adhering to these safety warnings is mandatory to ensure
personnel, property, and/or the environment will not be harmed. Adherence to these warnings alone,
however, is not sufficient — it is anticipated that the end user will also comply with industry and corporate
safety standards. Identifying and eliminating unsafe installation, operating and maintenance practices is
the responsibility of all individuals involved in the installation, operation, and maintenance of industrial
equipment.
Please take the time to review and understand the safe installation, operation, and maintenance guide-
lines outlined in this Pump Safety Manual and the Instruction, Operation, and Maintenance (IOM) man-
ual. Current manuals are available at https://www.gouldspumps.com/en-US/Tools-and-Resources/Litera-
ture/ or by contacting your nearest Goulds Pumps sales representative.
These manuals must be read and understood before installation and start-up.
For additional information, contact your nearest Goulds Pumps sales representative or visit our Web site
at https://www.gouldspumps.com
1.2 Safety warnings
Specific to pumping equipment, significant risks bear reinforcement above and beyond normal safety
precautions.
WARNING:
A pump is a pressure vessel with rotating parts that can be hazardous. Any pressure vessel
can explode, rupture, or discharge its contents if sufficiently over pressurized causing death,
personal injury, property damage, and/or damage to the environment. All necessary measures
must be taken to ensure over pressurization does not occur.
WARNING:
Operation of any pumping system with a blocked suction and discharge must be avoided in all
cases. Operation, even for a brief period under these conditions, can cause superheating of
enclosed pumpage and result in a violent explosion. All necessary measures must be taken by
the end user to ensure this condition is avoided.
WARNING:
The pump may handle hazardous and/or toxic fluids. Care must be taken to identify the con-
tents of the pump and eliminate the possibility of exposure, particularly if hazardous and/or tox-
ic. Potential hazards include, but are not limited to, high temperature, flammable, acidic, caus-
tic, explosive, and other risks.
1 Safety
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 3

WARNING:
Pumping equipment Instruction, Operation, and Maintenance manuals clearly identify accepted
methods for disassembling pumping units. These methods must be adhered to. Specifically,
applying heat to impellers and/or impeller retaining devices to aid in their removal is strictly for-
bidden. Trapped liquid can rapidly expand and result in a violent explosion and injury.
ITT Goulds Pumps will not accept responsibility for physical injury, damage, or delays caused by a failure
to observe the instructions for installation, operation, and maintenance contained in this Pump Safety
Manual or the current IOM available at http://www.gouldspumps.com/literature.
1.3 Safety
Definitions
Throughout this manual the words Warning, Caution, Electrical, and ATEX are used to indicate where
special operator attention is required.
Observe all Cautions and Warnings highlighted in the Pump Safety Manual and the IOM provided with
your equipment.
WARNING:
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Example: Pump shall never be operated without coupling guard installed correctly.
CAUTION:
Indicates a hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Example: Throttling flow from the suction side may cause cavitation and pump damage.
Electrical Hazard:
WARNING:
Indicates the possibility of electrical risks if directions are not followed.
Example: Lock out driver power to prevent electric shock, accidental start-up, and physical in-
jury.
ATEX:
WARNING:
When installed in potentially explosive atmospheres, the instructions that follow the Ex symbol
must be followed. Personal injury and/or equipment damage may occur if these instructions are
not followed. If there is any question regarding these requirements or if the equipment is to be
modified, please contact an ITT Goulds Pumps representative before proceeding.
Example: Improper impeller adjustment could cause contact between the rotating and station-
ary parts, resulting in a spark and heat generation.
1.3 Safety
4 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

1.4 General precautions
WARNING:
A pump is a pressure vessel with rotating parts that can be hazardous. Hazardous fluids may
be contained by the pump including high temperature, flammable, acidic, caustic, explosive,
and other risks. Operators and maintenance personnel must realize this and follow safety
measures. Personal injuries will result if procedures outlined in this manual are not followed.
ITT Goulds Pumps will not accept responsibility for physical injury, damage or delays caused
by a failure to observe the instructions in this manual and the IOM provided with your equip-
ment.
Table 1: General Precautions
WARNING NEVER APPLY HEAT TO REMOVE IMPELLER. It may explode due to trap-
ped liquid.
WARNING NEVER use heat to disassemble pump due to risk of explosion from tapped
liquid.
WARNING NEVER operate pump without coupling guard correctly installed.
WARNING NEVER run pump below recommended minimum flow when dry, or without
prime.
WARNING ALWAYS lock out power to the driver before performing pump maintenance.
WARNING NEVER operate pump without safety devices installed.
WARNING NEVER operate pump with discharge valve closed.
WARNING NEVER operate pump with suction valve closed.
WARNING DO NOT change service application without approval of an authorized ITT
Goulds Pumps representative.
WARNING Safety Apparel:
•Insulated work gloves when handling hot bearings or using bearing
heater
• Heavy work gloves when handling parts with sharp edges, especially
impellers
• Safety glasses (with side shields) for eye protection
• Steel-toed shoes for foot protection when handling parts, heavy tools,
etc.
• Other personal protective equipment to protect against hazardous/toxic
fluids
WARNING Receiving:
Assembled pumping units and their components are heavy. Failure to properly
lift and support equipment can result in serious physical injury and/or
1.4 General precautions
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 5

equipment damage. Lift equipment only at specifically identified lifting points
or as instructed in the current IOM. Current manuals are available at
www.gouldspumps.com/literature_ioms.html or from your local ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative. Note: Lifting devices (eyebolts, slings, spreaders,
etc.) must be rated, selected, and used for the entire load being lifted.
WARNING Alignment:
Shaft alignment procedures must be followed to prevent catastrophic failure of
drive components or unintended contact of rotating parts. Follow coupling
manufacturer's coupling installation and operation procedures.
WARNING Before beginning any alignment procedure, make sure driver power is locked
out. Failure to lock out driver power will result in serious physical injury.
CAUTION Piping:
Never draw piping into place by forcing at the flanged connections of the
pump. This may impose dangerous strains on the unit and cause misalign-
ment between pump and driver. Pipe strain will adversely effect the operation
of the pump resulting in physical injury and damage to the equipment.
WARNING Flanged Connections:
Use only fasteners of the proper size and material.
WARNING Replace all corroded fasteners.
WARNING Ensure all fasteners are properly tightened and there are no missing fasten-
ers.
WARNING Startup and Operation:
When installing in a potentially explosive environment, please ensure that the
motor is properly certified.
WARNING Operating pump in reverse rotation may result in contact of metal parts, heat
generation, and breach of containment.
WARNING Lock out driver power to prevent accidental start-up and physical injury.
WARNING The impeller clearance setting procedure must be followed. Improperly setting
the clearance or not following any of the proper procedures can result in
sparks, unexpected heat generation and equipment damage.
WARNING If using a cartridge mechanical seal, the centering clips must be installed and
set screws loosened prior to setting impeller clearance. Failure to do so could
result in sparks, heat generation, and mechanical seal damage.
WARNING The coupling used in an ATEX classified environment must be properly certi-
fied and must be constructed from a non-sparking material.
WARNING Never operate a pump without coupling guard properly installed. Personal in-
jury will occur if pump is run without coupling guard.
1.4 General precautions
6 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

WARNING Make sure to properly lubricate the bearings. Failure to do so may result in ex-
cess heat generation, sparks, and / or premature failure.
CAUTION The mechanical seal used in an ATEX classified environment must be proper-
ly certified. Prior to start up, ensure all points of potential leakage of process
fluid to the work environment are closed.
CAUTION Never operate the pump without liquid supplied to mechanical seal. Running a
mechanical seal dry, even for a few seconds, can cause seal damage and
must be avoided. Physical injury can occur if mechanical seal fails.
WARNING Never attempt to replace packing until the driver is properly locked out and the
coupling spacer is removed.
WARNING Dynamic seals are not allowed in an ATEX classified environment.
WARNING DO NOT operate pump below minimum rated flows or with suction and/or dis-
charge valve closed. These conditions may create an explosive hazard due to
vaporization of pumpage and can quickly lead to pump failure and physical in-
jury
WARNING Ensure pump is isolated from system and pressure is relieved before disas-
sembling pump, removing plugs, opening vent or drain valves, or disconnect-
ing piping.
WARNING Shutdown, Disassembly, and Reassembly:
Pump components can be heavy. Proper methods of lifting must be employed
to avoid physical injury and/or equipment damage. Steel toed shoes must be
worn at all times.
WARNING The pump may handle hazardous and/or toxic fluids. Observe proper decon-
tamination procedures. Proper personal protective equipment should be worn.
Precautions must be taken to prevent physical injury. Pumpage must be han-
dled and disposed of in conformance with applicable environmental regula-
tions.
WARNING Operator must be aware of pumpage and safety precautions to prevent physi-
cal injury.
WARNING Lock out driver power to prevent accidental startup and physical injury.
CAUTION Allow all system and pump components to cool before handling them to pre-
vent physical injury.
CAUTION If pump is a Model NM3171, NM3196, 3198, 3298, V3298, SP3298, 4150,
4550, or 3107, there may be a risk of static electric discharge from plastic
parts that are not properly grounded. If pumped fluid is non-conductive, pump
should be drained and flushed with a conductive fluid under conditions that
will not allow for a spark to be released to the atmosphere.
WARNING Never apply heat to remove an impeller. The use of heat may cause an explo-
sion due to trapped fluid, resulting in severe physical injury and property dam-
age.
CAUTION Wear heavy work gloves when handling impellers as sharp edges may cause
physical injury.
CAUTION Wear insulated gloves when using a bearing heater. Bearings will get hot and
can cause physical injury.
1.4 General precautions
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 7

WARNING Noise:
Sound pressure levels may exceed 80 dbA in operating process plants. Clear
visual warnings or other indicators should be available to those entering an
area with unsafe noise levels. Personnel should wear appropriate hearing pro-
tection when working on or around any equipment, including pumps. Consider
limiting personnel’s exposure time to noise or, where possible, enclosing
equipment to reduce noise. Local law may provide specific guidance regard-
ing exposure of personnel to noise and when noise exposure reduction is re-
quired.
WARNING Temperature:
Equipment and piping surfaces may exceed 130ºF (54ºC) in operating proc-
ess plants. Clear visual warnings or other indicators should alert personnel to
surfaces that may reach a potentially unsafe temperature. Do not touch hot
surfaces. Allow pumps operating at a high temperature to cool sufficiently be-
fore performing maintenance. If touching a hot surface cannot be avoided,
personnel should wear appropriate gloves, clothing, and other protective gear
as necessary. Local law may provide specific guidance regarding exposure of
personnel to unsafe temperatures.
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
Special care must be taken in potentially explosive environments to ensure that the equipment is proper-
ly maintained. This includes but is not limited to:
Description of ATEX
The ATEX directives are a specification enforced in Europe for electrical and non-electrical equipment
installed in Europe. ATEX deals with the control of potentially explosive atmospheres and the standards
of equipment and protective systems used within these atmospheres. The relevance of the ATEX re-
quirements is not limited to Europe. You can apply these guidelines to equipment installed in any poten-
tially explosive atmosphere.
Guidelines for compliance
Compliance is fulfilled only when you operate the unit within its intended use. Do not change the condi-
tions of the service without the approval of an ITT representative. When you install or maintain explosion
proof products, always comply with the directive and applicable standards (for example, IEC/EN
60079-14).
1. Monitoring the and liquid end temperature.
2. Maintaining proper bearing lubrication.
3. Ensuring that the pump is operated in the intended hydraulic range.
The ATEX conformance is only applicable when the pump unit is operated within its intended use. Oper-
ating, installing or maintaining the pump unit in any way that is not covered in the Instruction, Operation,
and Maintenance manual (IOM) can cause serious personal injury or damage to the equipment. This in-
cludes any modification to the equipment or use of parts not provided by ITT Goulds Pumps. If there is
any question regarding the intended use of the equipment, please contact an ITT Goulds representative
before proceeding.
Current IOMs are available at https://www.gouldspumps.com/en-US/Tools-and-Resources/Literature/
IOMs/ or from your local ITT Goulds Pumps Sales representative.
1.5 ATEX Considerations and Intended Use
8 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

All pumping unit (pump, seal, coupling, motor and pump accessories) certified for use in an ATEX classi-
fied environment, are identified by an ATEX tag secured to the pump or the on which it is mounted. A
typical tag would look like this:
Figure 1: Typical ATEX pump nameplate
Table 2: Temperature class definitions
Code Maximum permissible
pumpage temperature in °C | °F
Minimum permissible pumpage temperature in °C | °F
T1 450 | 842 372 | 700
T2 300 | 572 277 | 530
T3 200 | 392 177 | 350
T4 135 | 275 113 | 235
T5 100 | 212 Option not available
T6 85 | 185 Option not available
The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where
the equipment will be installed. If it is not, do not operate the equipment and contact your ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative before proceeding.
The code classification marked on the equipment must be in accordance with the specified area where
the equipment will be installed. If it is not, do not operate the equipment and contact your ITT Goulds
Pumps sales representative before proceeding.
1.6 Parts
The use of genuine Goulds parts will provide the safest and most
reliable operation of your pump. ITT Goulds Pumps ISO certifica-
tion and quality control procedures ensure the parts are manufac-
tured to the highest quality and safety levels.
Please contact your local Goulds representative for details on
genuine Goulds parts.
1.6 Parts
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 9

2 Installation
2.1 Description of units
Reference is made to several different types of pumps in the following text. To enable the reader to asso-
ciate these terms to his particular unit, photographs of typical units with an identifying description are
shown below.
2.2 Storage, uncrating & handling
Storage
Goulds normal domestic storage preparation is suit able for protecting the pump during shipment in cov-
ered trucks. It also provides protection during covered storage at the jobsite, and for a short period be-
tween installation and start-up.
If the pump is to be idle and exposed to the elements for an extended period, either before or after instal-
lation, special precautions are required. One approach is to provide special preservatives and wrapping
before shipment. However, after installation, the protective wrappings will have been removed. There-
fore, application of preservatives after installation is considered good practice. The driver and coupling
manufacturers should be contacted for recommendations on preservations and protection procedures.
It is considered good practice to rotate the shaft on pumps which contain ball or roller bearings approxi-
mately 30° every few weeks.
Uncrating
Care should be taken when uncrating pumps. If shipment is not delivered in good order and in accord-
ance with the Bill-of-Lading, note the damage or shortage on both receipt and freight bill. Make any
claims to the transportation company promptly.
Instruction sheets on various components as well as the Instruction Book for the pump are included in
the shipment. Do not discard!
Handling
Care should be used in moving pumps. Pumps should not be hoisted by eyebolts. These eyebolts are
used for removing upper half casings or back pull out
assemblies for maintenance and inspection. Bedplate mounted units should be slung under bedplate
(under pump and driver).
2 Installation
10 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

2.3 Location
Pumping unit should be placed as close as practical to the source of supply. Floor space and head room
allotted to the unit must be sufficient for inspection and maintenance. Be sure to allow for crane or hoist
service. On horizontally split case pumps, always allow sufficient head room to remove the upper half
casing.
2.4 Installation - closecoupled and vertical pumps
Close-coupled
A close-coupled pump may be mounted horizontally or in a vertical position provided motor is above
pump. The unit should be bolted to a concrete foundation or an adequately supported structure, substan-
tial enough to absorb any vibration and to form a permanent rigid support for the unit. All units have hold-
down bolt holes in the motor feet and pump/adapter feet. Depending upon the motor frame, the pump or
adapter feet may be higher or lower than the motor feet. Shim as required, then bolt all feet securely to
support or foundation. Since the pump is mounted on the motor, permanent alignment is "built in". No
subsequent alignment is necessary.
Vertical
Vertical pumps may be mounted directly on a pit, using either the pump support plate only or in conjunc-
tion with a pit or tank cover. The units are shipped completely assembled except for motor, pit cover (if
any), and float controls. Check all bolts and nuts on the entire unit to make sure they are securely tight-
ened. Connect float and controls as shown on 6.4 Sectional View and Parts List on page 41.
Installation must be done with care to avoid damage and ensure proper operation. It is recommended
that a man be stationed inside the pit, whenever possible, to assist in the initial installation.
Lower the assembled pump (less motor) carefully into the pit. Guide unit carefully so that it does not
strike sides of pit. When unit is in place, level the support plate. Shim under support plate as required.
Pump must hang perfectly vertical to avoid placing a bending stress on the unit.
The support plate should be bolted to an adequately supported structure, substantial enough to absorb
any vibration and to form a permanent, rigid support for the unit.
Place motor on motor support and tighten bolts (with lock washers) snugly.
Alignment of the coupling is of extreme importance for trouble-free mechanical operation. Check for
alignment by laying a straight edge across coupling hubs at four points 90° apart. See Fig. 2. When the
straight edge rests evenly at all four points, the coupling is aligned.
Figure 2:
The machined faces of the motor support and motor will provide angular alignment. However, any foreign
material or burrs on the surface will destroy this alignment. Make sure surfaces are clean and smooth.
2.3 Location
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 11

2.5 Installation - horizontal pumps
Bedplate mounted units are normally mounted on a concrete foundation of liberal thickness poured on a
solid footing, using a one-three-five mix. The foundation should be substantial in order to absorb any vi-
bration and to form a permanent, rigid support for the pumping unit.
1. The location and size of foundation bolts are shown on the outline assembly drawing supplied for
the unit.
2. When unit is mounted on a concrete foundation, each foundation bolt should be installed with a
pipe sleeve around it to allow for adjustment.
The I. D. of the sleeve should be 2½·3 times the bolt diameter. Place a washer between the bolt
head and sleeve to hold bolts. See Fig. 3.
Figure 3:
Stuff waste around bolts to prevent concrete from entering between bolt and sleeve. Bolts should
be of sufficient length so that they project through the nuts approximately ¼" after allowance has
been made for grouting, bedplate thickness, and nut thickness.
3.
Put the unit in place on wedges. The wedges should be placed at four points as shown in Fig. 4.
Some long installations may require additional wedges near the middle of the bedplate.
Figure 4:
4. Disconnect coupling between pump and driver.
NOTICE:
"Spider-Insert" couplings, as shown in Fig. 5, need not be disconnected.
2.5 Installation - horizontal pumps
12 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Figure 5:
5. By adjustment of wedges, bring the bedplate to an approximate level and provide the proper dis-
tance above the foundation for grouting ( ¾" to 1½"). Level or plumb the suction and discharge
flanges. Bring pump and motor shafts into reasonable alignment making absolutely certain that
motor shaft is not above pump shaft or if it is, that there is a sufficient thickness of shims under
the motor feet to allow for adjustment during alignment
6. Tighten foundation bolts, but only finger tight. Maintain the level of the bedplate.
NOTICE:
Final tightening is done after pump is grouted and grout has set at least 48 hours.
7. Build wood dam around foundation as shown in Fig, 3, and thoroughly wet top surface of founda-
tion. Pour grout in hole provided in top of bedplate. Use of non-shrink grout is recommended.
Grout should be thin enough to flow out under the bedplate but not so wet that sand and cement
will separate. Grout should be puddled continuously as it is poured to expel the air and complete-
ly fill the space under the bedplate to the level of the grout hole. Strike along top of dam with
trowel to give a neat finished appearance. Allow grout to harden at least 48 hours.
8. Tighten foundation bolts.
9. Tighten pump hold-down bolts.
2.6 Alignment procedures
General
Alignment of the pump and driver is of extreme importance for trouble-free mechanical operation. The
following are suggested steps to establish the initial alignment of the unit.
NOTICE:
This is an initial alignment. The final alignment is done after the unit has been run under actual
operating conditions. The final alignment procedure is outlined in 4.5 Alignment - final on page
32 and must be followed. Make sure motor starting switch is locked out to prevent accidental
rotation.
Any coupling manufacturer's instruction sheets, sent with the pump, should be studied and used when
installing, aligning, or servicing coupling. Note that coupling hubs are not necessarily mounted flush with
the shaft ends.
If instructions are not available, the following procedure may be used. The procedure is given for two ba-
sic coupling types:
1. Flexible Coupling - Normally furnished on all units except back pull-out. Normally not assembled
(except spider-insert type which are pre-assembled).
2. Flexible Spacer Coupling - Furnished as standard on all back pull-out units. Contains a remova-
ble spacer piece located between coupling hubs.
2.6 Alignment procedures
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 13

NOTICE:
Alignment in one direction may alter alignment in another. Check through each alignment pro-
cedure after making any alignment alteration.
Parallel alignment
Unit is in parallel misalignment when the shaft axes are parallel but not concentric. Shift driver as re-
quired.
In order to obtain vertical para1lel alignment under actual operating conditions, the driver shaft may have
to be set higher or lower (using thin shim stock) than the pump shaft due to differences in expansion
rates. Pump expansion rates vary with pump design. The following is a suggested cold setting for motor
driven units:
Frame mounted units
Figure 6: Frame mounted units
Pumpage Temperature Above Ambient Temperature
Set
Above Ambient Motor
Temperature Shaft
Ambient .004" - .006" Low
100°F .002" - .004" Low
200°F .000" - .002" Low
300°F .000" -. 002" High
Pedestal mounted units
Figure 7: Pedestal mounted units
Set motor shaft .002" - .004" low regardless of pumpage temperature.
Casing Mounted units
2.6 Alignment procedures
14 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Figure 8: Casing mounted units
Pumpage temperature Set
Above ambient Motor
Temperature Shaft
Ambient .002" - .004" Low
100°F .000" - .002" High
200°F .004" - .006" High
300°F .008" - .010" High
400°F .012" - .014" High
500°F .016" - .018" High
To check parallel alignment
1. Flexible couplings:
Place a straight edge across both coupling hubs at four points 90° apart. The unit will be in paral-
lel alignment when the straight edge rests evenly on both halves. See Fig. 9.
Figure 9: Flexible couplings
2. "Spider-Insert" Couplings
Place a straight edge across both coupling hubs at four points 90° apart. The unit will be in paral-
lel alignment when the straight edge rests evenly on both halves. See Fig. 9.
3. Flexible Spacer Couplings
Place a dial indicator on one hub and rotate that hub 360° while taking readings on the outside
diameter of the other hub. When indicator does not deflect more than .002" total, parallel align-
ment is achieved. See Fig. 10.
2.6 Alignment procedures
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 15

Figure 10: Dial indicator
Angular alignment
Unit is in angular misalignment when the shaft axes are concentric, but not parallel. Shim unit as re-
quired.
1. Flexible Couplings
The normal gap (distance between coupling halves) is approximately 1/2". However, the coupling
manufacturer's instructions should be followed. Insert a feeler or taper gauge at 90° intervals on
the circumference of the hubs. When the gap is identical within .002", the unit is in angular align-
ment. See Fig. 11.
Figure 11:
2.
Spider-Insert Couplings
The normal gap (distance between hub and insert) is approximately 1/16". However, the coupling
manufacturer's instructions should be followed. Check alignment by using calipers at 90° inter-
vals on the circumference on the outer end of hubs. When caliper measurements are identical,
the unit is in angular alignment. See Fig. 12.
Figure 12:
3. Flexible Spacer Couplings
2.6 Alignment procedures
16 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions

Place a dial indicator on one shaft hub and rotate that hub 360°. Take readings from the face of
the other hub. Alignment is achieved when indicator does not deflect more than .002". See Fig.
13.
Figure 13: Dial indicator
2.7 Piping - general
1. All piping must be supported independently of the pump. The piping should always "line-up" natu-
rally with the pump flanges. Never draw the piping into place by use of force at the flanged suc-
tion and discharge connections of the pump, as this may impose dangerous strains on the unit
and cause misalignment between pump and driver.
2.
The piping, both suction and discharge, should be as short and direct as possible. Avoid all un-
necessary elbows, bends, and fittings, as they increase the friction losses in the piping. The size
of pipe and fittings should be carefully selected and of sufficient size to keep the friction losses as
low as practical.
3. Piping must not be connected to the pump until the grout has thoroughly hardened and the foun-
dation bolts, as well as driver and pump hold down bolts have been tightened.
4. When handling liquids at elevated temperatures, it is suggested that expansion loops or joints be
properly installed in suction and/or discharge lines so that linear expansion of the piping will not
draw the pump out of alignment.
If such expansion loops or joints are not used, the forces and moments, due to thermal expan-
sion of the piping system, that can act upon the pump inlet and discharge flanges must be deter-
mined and must not exceed the limits permissible for the specific pump in question.
Such installations require extremely careful and precise attention to hot alignment procedures.
See 4.5 Alignment - final on page 32.
5. On units handling corrosives, the piping can be arranged so that corrosives can be flushed from
pump prior to opening unit for service. See Fig. 14. During operation, valves "1" and "3" would be
dosed, "2" and "4" open. Prior to dismantling, close valves "2" and, 4", open "1" and "3". Introduc-
ing water at valve "3" will allow water to flush pump and drain at valve "1 ".
2.7 Piping - general
3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions 17

Figure 14:
2.8 Piping - suction
General
Properly installed suction piping is of extreme importance for trouble-free centrifugal pump operation.
1. Use of elbows close to the pump suction flange should be avoided. Where used, elbows should
be long radius.
On double suction pumps, if an elbow must be used at the pump suction flange, it must be in a
vertical position only. If an elbow must be used in other than a vertical position, it is permissible
only providing there is a minimum of two diameters of straight pipe between the elbow and pump
suction flange.
Figure 15:
2.
The suction pipe should never be of smaller diameter than the pump suction. Use of suction pipe
one or two sizes larger than the pump suction, with a reducer at the pump suction flange, is de-
sirable.
3. Reducers, if used, should be eccentric and preferably at the pump suction flange, sloping side
down.
2.8 Piping - suction
18 3107 Installation, Operation and Maintenance Instructions