Keithley PIO-12 User manual

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P10-12 User's Guide
Revision D - April 1994
Part Number: 64190

The information contained in this manual is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, Keithley
Instruments, Inc., assumes no responsibility for its use or for any infringements of patents or other rights
of third parties that may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any
patent rights of Keithley Instruments, Inc.
KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,
OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RELATED TO THE USE OF THIS PRODUCT. THIS
PRODUCT IS NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS OF A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY
SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE SUPPORT OR CRITICAL APPLICATIONS.
Refer to your Keithley Instruments license agreement and Conditions of Sale document for specific
warranty and liability information.
MetraByte is a trademark of Keithley Instruments, Inc. All other brand and product names are
trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.
0Copyright Keithley Instruments, Inc., 1991, 1993, 1994.
All rights reserved. Reproduction or adaptation of any part of this documentation beyond that permitted
by Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without permission of the Copyright owner is
unlawful.
Keithley MetraByte Division
Keithley Instruments, Inc.
440 Myles Standish Blvd. Taunton, MA 02780
Telephone: [phone] • FAX: [phone]
1

Table of Contents
Preface
1Overview
General Description 1-1
Features and Operating Characteristics 1-2
Accessories 1-2
2Installation
Unpacking and Inspecting 2-1
Setting the Switches and Jumpers 2-2
Setting the Base Address2-3
Setting the J8 Slot/Wait State Switch 2-4
Configuring the Interrupt Level 2-4
Installing the Board 2-5
Using Power from the PIO-122-6
3Cabling and Wiring
Attaching Accessories 3-2
Attaching an STC-37 Accessory 3-3
4Programming
Port Configuration 4-2
Programming Examples4-5
Writing the Control Register4-5
Basic I/0 Operations4-5
Reading BCD Data4-5
Bit Operations4-5
Programming Notes4-6
Interpreted Basic4-6
I/O Commands 4-6
PIO-12 Interrupt Channel 4-7
Assembly Language 4-7
iii

5Troubleshooting
Problem Isolation 5-1
Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes5-1
Tes ti ng the Board and Host Computer 5-3
Tes ti ng the Accessory Slot and I/O Connections 5-4
Tec hn ic al Support 5-5
Figure 1-1. Block Diagram of the PIO-12 1-1
Figure 2-1. Switch and Jumper Locations 2-2
Figure 3-1. Pin Assignments for the Main I/O Connector . . . . 3-1
Figure 3-2. Attaching Accessories through a C-1800 or
S-1800 Cable 3-2
Figure 3-3. Layout of STC-37 Screw Terminal
Connector Panel 3-3
Figure 3-4. Attaching an STC-37 Accessory 3-4
Figure B-1. Main I/O Connector Pin Assignments B-1
List of Tables
Tab le 2-1. Values of Base Address Switch Positions 2-3
Tab le 2-2. Standard Address Assignments 2-3
Tab le 2-3. Standard Interrupt Usage 2-5
Tab le 4-1. 8255 PPI Address Map 4-2
Tab le 4-2. Derivation of Port Configuration from
Control Word 4-3
Tab le 4-3. PIO Control Word 4-4
Tab le 5-1. Troubleshooting Information 5-2
Table A-1 Input and Output Specifications A-1
Tab le A-2 Environmental Specifications A-2
ASpecifications
BConnector Pin Assignments
Index
List of Figures
iv

Preface
The P10-12 User's Guide describes how to set up, install, and program
the P10-12 digital I/O interface board.
This guide serves data acquisition system designers, engineers,
programmers, and other users responsible for setting up, cabling and
wiring signals to P10-12 boards in an IBM® PC/XTTM, PC AT®, or
compatible computer. Users are assumed to be familiar with data
acquisition principles, with their application, and with the programming
language used with the P10-12.
The P10-12 User's Guide is organized as follows:
•Chapter 1 provides an overview of the hardware, a block diagram,
and a description of P10-12 features.
•Chapter 2 describes how to inspect, set up, and install the board.
•Chapter 3 describes how to connect accessories and wire applications
to the board.
•Chapter 4 describes programming requirements of the board.
•Chapter 5 describes common problems and solutions, troubleshooting
procedures, and how to obtain technical support.
•Appendix A contains PIO-12 specifications.
•Appendix B contains pin assignments for the main connector of the
PIO-12 board.
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AO
cn
-0
i
A9 r
Address
Decoder
Address
Selector
10R/ I Switch
IOW/ r
IRQ21 o
ti I I o
Q
A
Interrupt
Level
Selector
2o
o
A
O
IRQ71
1
Overview
General Description
The P10-12 is a 24-line, parallel, digital I/O interface board for
IBM PC/XT, PC AT, and compatible computers. This board provides a
flexible interface for a variety of parallel I/O devices, including
instruments, displays and user-assembled systems. Figure 1-1 shows a
block diagram of the P10-12.
PC Bus
DO
o
D7
Data Bus
Buffer
01,
8255
PP I
Rear Connector
>PA I
PB
PC
Interrupt Input
IInterrupt Enable
+5 V
I-5 V
+12 V
-12 V
Common
Figure 1-1. Block Diagram of the P10-12
1-1

Features and Operating Characteristics
P10-12 features and operating characteristics are described as follows:
•The PIO-12 has three TTL/CMOS-compatible, digital I/O ports: port
A, port B, and port C. Ports A and B are both byte-wide (8-bits) and
can be inputs or outputs. Port C is also byte-wide but is configurable
as two separate 4-bit ports (port C Lower and port C Upper), each of
which can be an input or output.
•The P10-12 has an interrupt input channel with a corresponding
interrupt-enable line. A PIO-12 interrupt can be directed to any of six
interrupt levels available on the PC bus.
•The P10-12 features its own enable line, which can be tri-stated
(interrupt enable - active low). The 8259 Interrupt Controller of the
computer handles interrupts and is set by the computer BIOS to
respond to positive-edge-triggered (low-high) inputs. You must
program the 8259 to respond to your application's requirements by
setting up the corresponding interrupt handlers.
•The P10-12 performs 10-bit I/O address decodes and communicates
with the PC Bus as an 8-bit peripheral. The address map uses four
consecutive I/0 addresses. Multiple P10-12 boards can be installed in
acomputer at different base addresses.
•Power levels of +5 V, -5 V, +12 V, and -12 V from the computer are
available through the main I/0 connector of the P10-12. If you plan to
use power from the PC, you should consider the power draw of all
system devices and observe current-capacity limits of the computer.
Accessories
The following accessories are available for use with P10-12 boards.
•STA-U - screw terminal accessory. This accessory connects to the
main I/0 connector of the P10-12 through a C-1800 cable to make all
1/0 signals accessible through labeled screw terminals.
1-2 Overview

• STC-37 -screw terminal connector panel. This accessory connects
directly the the main I/O connector of the P10-12 to provide
general-purpose screw-terminal connections in a compact form
factor.
• SSIO-24 -24-channel mounting panel for up to 24 solid-state,
miniature I/O modules with functions of DC input, DC output, AC
input, and AC output. The SSIO-24 connects to the main 1/0
connector of the PIO-12 through a C-1800 cable.
• SRA-01 -8-channel mounting panel for up to eight solid-state,
miniature I/O modules. The SRA-01 connects to the main 1/0
connector of the P10-12 through a C-1800 cable.
• ERB-24 -electrical relay board. This accessory provides 24
electromechanical double-pole, double-throw relays for controlling
and switching up to 3 A at 120 ViThs. The ERB-24 connects to the
main 1/0 connector of the P10-24 through a C-1800 cable.
• ERA-01 - electrical relay accessory containing eight single-pole,
double-throw relays that can switch up to 3 A at 120 Vrms.
• C-1800 -cable. The C-1800 is an 18-inch ribbon cable terminated at
both ends with 37-pin D-type connectors.
• S-1800 -cable. The S-1800 is a shielded version of the C-1800.
Refer to Chapter 4 for cable connections for these accessories.
1-3

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2
Installation
This chapter contains instructions for installing the P10-12 board. The
installation task includes three basic steps: unpacking and inspecting the
board, setting the configuration switches and jumpers, and installing the
board in the computer. These steps are described in the sections that
follow.
Unpacking and Inspecting
Caution: Adischarge of static electricity from your hands can seriously
damage certain electrical components on any circuit board. Before
handling any board, discharge static electricity from yourself by touching
agrounded conductor such as your computer chassis (your computer must
be turned off). Whenever you handle a board, hold it by the edges and
avoid touching any board components.
Use the following procedure to unwrap and inspect a P10-12 board.
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1. Factory packaging of the PIO-I2 board includes a final wrap of
protective, anti-static material. Remove the board from its anti-static
wrapping material. You may wish to store the wrapping material for
possible future use.
2. Inspect the board for signs of damage. If damage is apparent, arrange
to return the board to the factory (see "Technical Support" on page
5-5).
2-1

3. Check the remaining contents of your package against the packing list
to be sure your order is complete. Report any missing items,
immediately.
4. When you are satisfied with the inspection, proceed with the software
and hardware setup instructions.
Setting the Switches and Jumpers
The base address, interrupt level, and J8 slot/wait state option are all
specified through switch or jumper settings. Although the factory default
settings are appropriate for most installations, check each of these settings
against the needs of your application and make any necessary changes.
The locations and factory default settings of these switches and jumpers
are shown in Figure 2-1.
01 2 3 4 5 6 7
Base Address
Switch
Slot/Wait State
Switch
Interrupt Level
Select
••
Figure 2-1. Switch and Jumper Locations
2-2 Installation

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Address Device Address Device
000 - OFF Internal I/0 378 - 37F Printer
100 - 1FF Undecoded 380 - 389* Binary comm. 2
200 - 20F Joy stick Port 380 - 38C* SDLC comm.
Setting the Base Address
The base address switch is preset at the factory for 300h (see Figure 2-1).
If this address is already assigned to some other device in your computer,
you must set this switch for a different address.
The address you specify must be within the range of 200 to 3FCh (512 to
1020 decimal) and on a 4-byte boundary. Table 2-1 lists the base address
switch settings. Use these tables as a guide when selecting a base address.
Table 2-1. Values of Base Address Switch Positions
Switch
Position
1
2
3
4
6
7
8
Address
Line
A9
A8
A7
A6
Value When Switch Is OFF
Decimal
512
256
128
64 I
32
16
8
4
Hexadecimal
200
100
80
40
20
10
8
When selecting a base address, do not select an address that conflicts with
those already in use. Table 2-2 lists standard address assignments and
their corresponding devices.
Table 2-2. Standard Address Assignments
2-3

Table 2-2. Standard Address Assignments (cont.)
Address Device Address Device
210 - 217 Expansion unit 390 - 39F Available
218 - 21F Available 3A0 3A9* Binary comm.
220 - 24F Reserved 3AA - 3AF Available
250 - 277 Available 3B0 - 3BF Mono disp./printer
278 - 27F Reserved 3C0 - 3CF Reserved
280 - 2EF Available 3D0 - 3DF Color/graphics
2F0 - 2F7 Reserved 3E0 - 3E7 Reserved
2F8 - 2FF Com2: I3E8 - 3EF Available
300 - 31F Available 3F0 - 3F7 Floppy disk
320 - 32F Fixed disk 3F8 - 3FF Coml:
330 - 377 Available
Setting the J8 Slot/Wait State Switch
This switch block consists of two switches: the J8 Slot switch (switch 1)
and the Wait State switch (switch 2). Setting the J8 Slot switch to ON
enables the board to occupy the J8 slot of an IBM PC/XT (the J8 slot is
right-most on the PC/XT motherboard); setting switch 1 to OFF (the
default position) disables the slot option.
Setting the Wait State switch to ON enables a 500 ns wait state, which
may be required in PCs having 8 MHz system clocks. Setting switch 2 to
OFF (the default position) disables the wait state.
Configuring the Interrupt Level
Interrupt levels are specified through jumper settings on the Interrupt
Level jumper block. Jumper positions 2 to 7 on the jumper block
correspond to IRQ2 to IRQ7, respectively. Position X (the default
position) disables the interrupt levels.
2-4 Installation

Tab le 2-3 lists the industry-standard usage for interrupts 2 to 7; use this
table as a guide when selecting an interrupt level.
Table 2-3. Standard Interrupt Usage
Interrupt (IRO)
Level
2
Usage
(if device exists)
Reserved (XT), IRQ 8 to 15 (15)
3COM2 or SDLC
5
6
7
Installing the Board
COM I or SDLC
Hard disk (XT), LPT (AT)
Floppy disk
LPT
Caution: Installing or removing a board while power is on can damage
your computer.
Use the following steps to install a P10-12 board in an accessory slot of
your computer:
1. Turn off power to the computer and all attached equipment.
2. Remove the computer chassis cover.
3. Select an unoccupied accessory slot, and remove the corresponding
blank plate from the I/O connector panel.
4. Insert and secure the board in the selected slot.
5. Replace the computer cover.
6. Turn on power to the computer.
2-5

Using Power from the P10-12
Power from the computer supply is available on the main I/O connector of
the P10-12. In situations where the P10-12 is used with a dedicated
peripheral (for example, a switch pad) and the cabling and design loads
are fixed, you may find it more appropriate to use the P10-12 power
outputs. In most other cases, however, you are advised to power external
devices from their own supplies.
In general, you are advised not to use computer power unless you can
safely avoid the following conditions:
•Short circuits, overloads, or the application of other external voltages.
All of these conditions may damage the PC system board and result in
costly repairs. The PC power supply is designed to shutdown on a
short circuit, but you should not rely on this characteristic to protect
your system.
•A power draw that exceeds the capacity of the computer power
supply and its internal loads (see the technical reference manual for
your computer). Because of computer board connector and trace
width limitations, we recommend that you limit power draw to 1 A
from the +5 V and +12 V supplies (if available). The -12 V and -5 V
supplies are limited to much lower loads.
2-6 Installation

3
Cabling and Wiring
This chapter describes the cabling and wiring required for attaching
accessories and 1/0 lines to the main I/O connector of your PIO-12
boards. The main 1/0 connector of the P10-12 is a 37-pin D-type. Pin
assignments for this connector are shown in Figure 3-1.
1
Dig. Com. - 19
+5 V - 18 • •
Power Dig. Corn. - 17 • •
Supplies +12 V - 16 • •
Dig. Corn. - 15 •
for •
-12 V - 14 • •
Computer Dig. Com. - 13 • •
-5 V - 12 • •
Dig. Com. -11 • •
PBO - 10 • •
PB1 - 09 • •
PB2 - 08 • •
PB3 - 07 • •
Port B I PB4 - 06 •
PB5 - 05 • •
•
PB6 - 04 •
PB7 - 03 • a
Interrupt Enable - 02 •
•
Interrupt Input - 01•
37 - PAO
36 - PA1
35 - PA2
34 - PA3
33 - PA4 Port A
32 - PA5
31 - PA6
30 - PA7
29 - PCO
28 - PC1
27 - PC2 Upper
26 - PC3
25 - PC4
24 - PC5 Lower
23 - PC6
22 - PC7
21 - Dig. Com.
20 - +5 V
Port C
Figure 3-1. Pin Assignments for the Main I/O Connector
Caution: To avoid electrical damage, turn off power to the computer and
any attached accessories before making connections to P10-12 boards.
3-1

Attaching Accessories
The following accessories attach to the P10-12 through a C-1800 or
S-1800 cable, as shown in Figure 3-2:
•STA-U screw terninal accessory.
•SSIO-24 12-channel mounting panel for I/0 modules.
•SRA-01 8-channel mounting panel for I/O modules.
•ERB-24 electrical relay board.
•ERA-01 electrical relay accessory.
P10-12 board C-1800 or
S-1800
cable
STA-U, SSIO-24,
SRA-01, ERB-24,
or ERA-01
Figure 3-2. Attaching Accessories through a C-1800 or S-1800 Cable
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3-2 Cabling and Wiring

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21 0
20 0037
/19
18
0
00
036
35
17 0034
16 0 0 33
15 0032
14 0031
13 0030
12 0 0 29
11 0028
10 0027
90 0 26
a0 0 25
D-Connector that 70024
connects to the P10-12
main I/O connector
6
5
0
00 023
22 1
40Cable Clamp
30
20 \
10
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Attaching an STC-37 Accessory
The STC-37 is a screw terminal panel that appears as shown in Figure
Figure 3-3. Layout of STC-37 Screw Terminal Connector Panel
3-3