Keithley 169 User manual

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Instruction Manual
Model 169
Digital Multimeter
01979, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
Document Number 30161

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION PAGE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
GENERAL INFORMATION. .......................
l-l
1.1. INTROOUCTION ........................ 1-l
1.3. FEATURES .......................... l-1
1-5. WARRANTY INFDKMATION .................... 1-2
l-7. CHANGE NOTICES ....................... 1-2
1-9. SAFETY SYMBOLS ....................... l-2
l-11. SPECIFICATIONS ....................... 1-2
OPERATION. ............................ 2-l
2-l. INTRODUCTION ........................ 2-l
2-3. UNPACKING AND INSPECTION .................. 2-l
2-5.
PREPARATION FOR USE. .................... 2-l
2-6.
Installation of Batteries, if required ........... 2-1
2-7.
CONTROLS, INDICATORS AND CONNECTORS. ............ 2-l
2-8.
Display ........................... 2-1
2-10. Front Panel Switches .................... 2-2
2-12. Input Connections. ..................... 2-2
2-14. Tilt Bail/Handle ...................... 2-4
2-16. INITIAL FUNCTIONAL CHECK .................. 2-4
2-18. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS ................... 2-4
2-20. DC VOLTAGE MEASUREMENT ................... 2-5
2-22. AC VOLTAGE MEASUKEMENT ................... 2-5
2-24. AC OR DC CUKRENT MEASUREMENT ................ 2-5
2-26. RESISTANCE (n) MEASUREMENT ................. 2-6
PERFORWINCE VERIFICATION ..................... 3-l
3-1. GENERAL ........................... 3-l
3.3.
RECOMMENDED TEST EQUIPMENT ................. 3-1
3-5. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS .................. 3-l
3-7.
PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION PROCEDURE ............. 3-1
3-9. Initial Conditions ..................... 3-2
3-11. DC Volts Checkout. ..................... 3-2
3-12. AC Volts Checkout. ..................... 3-2
3-13. Resistance Checkout. .................... 3-3
3-14. DC Current Checkout. .................... 3-3
3-15. ANALYSIS .......................... 3-3
ACCESSORIES. ........................... 4-l
4-1.
GENERAL ........................... 4-l
4-3.
MODEL 1600 HIGH VOLTAGE PROBE. ............... 4-l
4-5.
MODEL 1651 50-AMPERE SHUNT ................. 4-1
4-7.
MODEL 1681 CLIP-ON TEST LEAD SET .............. 4-l
4-9. MODEL 1682 RF PROBE. .................... 4-1
4-11. MODEL 1683 UNIVERSAL TEST LEAD KIT ............. 4-2
4-13. MODEL 1684 CARRYING CASE .................. 4-2
4-15. MODEL 1635 CLAMP-ON AC CURRENT PROBE ............ 4-2
4-17. MODEL 1691 GENERAL PURPOSE TEST LEAD SET .......... 4-2
4-19. MODEL 1699 SPARE PARTS KIT ................. 4-2
4-21. MODELS 1010 and 1017 RACK MOUNTING KITS. .......... 4-2
THEORY OF OPERATION. ....................... 6-l
5-l.
5-3.
5-6.
5-7.
5-10.
5-12.
5-14.
GENERAL. ................
OVERALL OPERATION. ...........
SIGNAL CONDITIONING. ..........
AC/DC Voltage Measurements .......
AC/DC Current Measurements .......
Resistance Measurements. ........
A/D CONVERTER. .............
........ 5-l
........ 5-l
........ 5-l
........ 5-I
........ 5-I
........ 5-2
........ 5-2
I ii
i i

TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd)
SECTION PAGE
5-16. DISPLAY CIRCUITS ...................... 5-2
5-18. REFERENCE SOURCE ...................... 5-3
5-20. LOW BATTERY DETECTOR .................... 5-3
5-22. INPUT PROTECTION ...................... 5-3
5-24. Voltage Protection ..................... 5-3
5-27. Current Protection ..................... 5-3
5-29. Ohms Protection. ...................... 5-3
6. MAINTENANCE. ........................... 6-1
6-1. GENERAL ........................... 6-l
6-3. CALIBRATION. ........................ 6-l
6-5. Recormended Calibration Equipment. ............. h-l
6-7. Environmental Conditions .................. h-l
6-9. Case Cover Removal ..................... 6-1
6-11. Calibration Adjustment ................... 6-I
6-14. TROURLESHOOTING. ...................... 6-2
6-16. Special tiandling of Static Sensitive Devices ........ 6-2
6-18. Power supply ........................ 6-3
6-20. A/D Converter and Display Driver .............. 6-3
6-22. AC Converter ........................ h-3
6-24. Voltage Divider, Reference Source and Ohms Circuit ..... 6-3
b-26. Current Circuitry. ..................... 6-3
6-31. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY REPLACEMENT ............. 6-4
6-33. BATTERY REPLACEMENT. .................... 6-9
6.35. CURRENT FUSE REPLACEMENT .................. 6-9
7. REPLACEABLE PARTS. ........................ 7-D
7-I. GENERAL........................... 7-o
7-3. ORDERING INFORMATION .................... 7-D
J-5. FACTORY SERVICE. ......................
7-O
7-J.
SCHEMATIC. ......................... 7-O
7-9. COMPONENTS LAYOUT. ..................... 7-D
J-11. MODEL 1699 SPARE PARTS KIT ................. 7-O
ILLUSTRATIONS
FIGURE TITLE JhGJ
l-l
2-l
2-2
2-3
4-l
4-2
4-3
4-4
5-I
5-2
5-3
5-4
6-1
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
7-l
Model lG9. ....................... I-1
Installation of Batteries. ............... 2-o
Model 169 Front Panel Display. ............. 2-O
Operating Controls ................... 2-3
High Voltage Probe and RF Probe. ............ 4.2
Current Probe and Current Shunt. ............ 4.3
Convenience Cable and Connectors ............ 4.3
Carrying Case and Hack Mounting Kits .......... 4.4
Model 169 DMM Overall Signal Flow Block IDiagram. .... 5-5
Simplified AC/DC Voltage Measurement .......... 5-6
Simplified AC/DC Current Measurement ..........
5-J
Simplified Resistance Measurement. ........... 5-8
Calibration Adjustment Location. ............ 6-2
LCD Assembly ......................
6-4
Integrator Waveform. .................. 6-6
AC/DC Converter Waveform ................
6-J
Current Fuse Removal/Replacement ............ 6-9
Covers and Panels. ...................
7-4

MOOEL 169
SECTION 1. GENERAL INFORMATION
GENERAL INFORMATION
l-l. INTRODUCTION.
l-2. The Model 169 is a rugged, low cost, battery-
operated digital multimeter that provides full
measurement capability for many general purpose
applications. It provides dccurate readings from
IOOuVldigit to 1OOOV on five dc and five ac voltage
ranges, lOOnA/digit to 2000mA (2 amperes) on five dc
and five ac current ranges, and lOIlmn/digit to 20
megohms on six resistance ranges. Ranges and
~ccurxy are listed in the Table of Specifications
on page 1-3.
l-3. FEATURES.
l-4. The Model 169 incorporates features that help
prevent instrument damage through customer abuse and
provide maximum instrument reliability, operator
safety and simplicity of operation. Some of these
features are:
e A ZOOO-count (3-l/2 digit) liquid crystal dis-
play (LCD) with large 0.6" numerals, function
and range annunicators, and a low battery indi-
cator (BAT). Appropriate decimal point and
minus sign (-) are also displayed, positive
polarity is implied.
l The Model 169 is built rugged. The full bench-
sire cdse is molded from impact-resistant dnd
flame-retardant plastic. Effective input pro-
tection prevents damage on all functions.
Voltage ranges dre protected up to 1400V peak,
resistance ranges to 300VRMS and current ranges
dre protected by dn externally accessible 2A
(25OV) fuse.
0 Pushbutton switches dre color coded to the
front panel for quick and edsy selection of
function and range. The decimal point is duto-
matically positioned by the rdngc pushbutton.
Annunciators on the display Indicate the
selected function and range. Improper range
and function combinations are indicated by
contradicting function and/or range d""u"cid-
tars appearing dt the sdme time.
FIGURE l-l. Model 169. l-l

GENERAL INFORMATION MODEL
169
l
The latest LSI technology and stable precision
components have been used in the Model 169 to
provide long term accuracy and minimize main-
tenance. Only one calibration adjustment is
required, once a year. If alkaline batteries
are used, battery life can be the same as the
calibration cycle. Barring destructive misuse,
an MTRF of up to 20,000 hours can be expected.
l
Automatic zeroinq, automatic polarity and only
two input terminals simplify operation by
eliminating potentiometer zeroing and lead
changing.
l
Optional accessories can be ordered to extend
the measurement capability of your Model 169.
Some of these are:
High Voltage Probe allows your DMM to measure
from 1000V to 40kV dc.
High Frequency (RF) Probe allows your DMM to
measure from 0.25V to 30V rms ac over a fre-
quency range of IOOkHZ to IOOMHZ.
Clamp-On AC Current Probe allows your DMM to
measure from zero to 200A rms ac.
50.Ampere Current Shunt allows your IXIM to
neasure from zero to 50A. ac and dc.
NOTE
Refer to Section 4 for more detailed
information on accessories.
l-5.
WARRANTY INFORMATION.
l-6. The warranty is given on the inside front
cover of this Instruction Manual. If there is a
need to exercise the warranty, contact the Keithley
Representative in your area to determine the proper
action to be taken. Keithley maintains service
facilities in the United Kingdom and West Germany,
as well as in the United States. Check the inside
front cover of this manual for addresses.
l-l. CHANGE NOTICES.
l-8. Improvements or changes to the instrument
which occur after printing of the Instruction Manual
will be explained on a Change Notice sheet attached
to the inside back cover.
l-9.
SAFETY SYMBOLS.
l-10.
Safety symbols used in this manual we as
follows:
IMPORTANT
The A symbol can be found in various
places in this manual. Carefully read the
associated CAUTION statements with regard
to proper use and handling of the instru-
ment. Damage to the instrument may occur
if these precautions are ignored.
This symbol can be found in various
places in this manual. This svmbal indi-
cates those areas on the instrument which
are potential shock hazards. Carefully
read the associated WARNING statements
with regard to proper use and handling of
the instrument. Serious personal injury
w result if these precautions are
ignored.
l-11.
SPECIFICATIONS.
1-12. Detailed specifications for the Model 169 are
given in Table I-I.
1-2

MODEL 169 GENERAL INFORMATION
TABLE 1-1.
Specifications Mode
1169
MAXIM”M ALLOWABLE INPUT: 10”“” ims. ,400” prak.
,“*“.Hr. cO”ti”“o”S except 2”“m” range: 35”” m”,i”uuLkr. 15
sec. rndXirnUnlabove 35”“.
1-3

l-
BATTERY
ADJUSTMENT
RlO,
-__
FIGURE 2-1. Installation of Batteries.
NEGATIVE
DISPLAYED,
POSITIVE
IWLIED WHEN LW
MINUS l-1 CFF BATTERY MILLI (10-3) MICRO I 10-6)
AC DIPLAYEO, I
DC IWLIE" I
3-l/2 DIGITS
WITH DECIMAL
POINT
FIGURE 2-2. Model 169 Front Panel Display.
2-O

I
MODEL 169
SECTION 2. OPERATION
OPERATION
2-1. INTRODUCTION,
2-2. This section provides information needed for
incoming inspection, preparation for use and opera-
tion of the Model 169 and its accessories.
2-3. UNPACKING AN0 INSPECTION.
2-4. The Model 169 was carefully inspected, both
mechanically and electrically before shipment. Upon
receiving the Model 169, unpack all items from the
shipping container and check for any obvious damage
which (may have occured during transit. neport any
damages to the shipping agent. Retain and use the
original packaging materials if reshipment is re-
quired. The following items are shipped with all
Model 169 orders:
a. Model 169 DMM
b. six carbon zinc "C' cells (may be shipped
installed in the DMM in some units).
c.
d.
2-5.
2-6.
A copy of this Manual.
Separate optional accessories, as ordered.
PREPARATION FOK USE.
Installation of Batteries, if required.
3
WARNING
To prevent a shock hazard, all test leads
should be removed from the INPUT terminals
before removing the instrument top cover.
a. Turn the DMM bottom side-up and loosen the
four screws in the bottom cover until the threads
are not engaged. NOTE: The scrws are not retained
and they will fall out when the instrument is re-
turned to its normal position.
b. Hold the top and bottom ‘over together to
prevent their separation and turn the DMM cover to
normal position. Lift off the top cover.
NOTE
Carbon-zinc batteries are supplied. These
batteries will operate your DMM for ap-
proximately 1000 hours. If it is desired
to change batteries only once a year when
calibration is required, alkaline cells
may be substituted. These cells will pro-
vide approximately 2000 hours of opera-
tion. In either case, the low battery
indicator will automatically come on with
approximately 5% of battery life remaining
(20 hours for carbon-zinc and 40 hours for
alkaline cells).
t. Install the batteries in the holder ds shown
in Figure 2-1.
d. Press the battery clip onto the terminals of
the battery holder; then position battery holder on
the two spacers as illustrated.
e. Reinstall the top cover.
f. After the batteries are installed. you should
become familiar with the Model I69 by reading the
section titled Controls, Indicators and Connectors
(Paragraph Z-7); then perform the Initial Functional
Check (Paragraph Z-16).
2-7. CONTROLS, INDICATORS AND CONNECTORS.
2-B. Display.
2-9. The operating status of the Model 169 is con-
tinuously provided by the 3-l/2 digit (2000 count)
liquid crystal display located on the front panel.
In addition to the digitized input signal, with
appropriate decimal point and polarity, the display
provides indications of the selected function and
range, battery condition and overrange. All indica-
tors on the display are shown in Figure 2-2 and
described as follows.
2-1