Koyoe KY HYBIRD Series User manual

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User Manual
Energy Storage Inverter
Model: KY-1Hybrid-5k0-H
V1.0

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1. Introduction...................................................................................................................................4
1.1. Introduction............................................................................................................................4
1.2. How to Use the Manual .........................................................................................................4
1.3. Applicable（warnings, precautions, notices）..................................................................5
1.4. Important Safety Information ...............................................................................................6
1.5. General Safety Regulations for Working on Electrical Equipment .................................7
1.6. System selection ...................................................................................................................8
2. Technical Description of Inverter...............................................................................................9
2.1. Mechanical Design ................................................................................................................9
2.2. Electrical Design....................................................................................................................9
2.3 Reducing and Limiting Output Power................................................................................10
3. Inverter Working Mode ..............................................................................................................11
3.1. Standby Mode ......................................................................................................................11
3.2. Check Mode..........................................................................................................................11
3.3. Normal Mode........................................................................................................................11
3.4. Fault Mode............................................................................................................................12
3.5. Programming Mode.............................................................................................................12
3.6. Shut Down ............................................................................................................................12
4. Installation and Start-up............................................................................................................14
4.1. Preparation for Installation.................................................................................................14
4.2. Mounting...............................................................................................................................15
4.3. ELECTRICAL WIRING CONNECTION................................................................................17
5. Communication and Monitoring...............................................................................................22
5.1. Summery...............................................................................................................................22
5.2. Communication....................................................................................................................22
5.3. Monitoring ............................................................................................................................22
6. Maintenance and Repair............................................................................................................23
6.1. Precautions during Maintenance.......................................................................................23
6.2 .Safety Requirements during Maintenance.......................................................................23
6.3.Daily Maintenance ................................................................................................................23
7.Technical data..............................................................................................................................24
7.1 . Technical Parameters And Certificates ...........................................................................24
8. Warranty commitment ...............................................................................................................25
9. Contact Information ...................................................................................................................26
Appendix I: Common Problems....................................................................................................26

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Appendix II: Abbreviations of Terms ...........................................................................................27

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1. Introduction
1.1. Introduction
KY HYBIRD series, also called hybrid or bidirectional solar inverters, apply to solar system
with PV, batteries, loads and grid system for energy management. The electricity from PV
panels is used to optimize residential electricity consumption, the excess electricity can be
stored in the batteries. When the batteries are fully charged, homeowners can feed the
excess electricity to the utility grid.
Battery will discharge to power loads when electricity generated by PV is insufficient to meet
self-consumption needs. If the electricity stored in batteries power is not sufficient, grid will
power the loads via the system.
KY HYBIRD series are inverters without transformer non-isolated between DC input and AC
output, the adaptive PV model must have IEC61730 Grade A.
Note：
The introduction describes a general working mode of HYBIRD system.
The operation mode can be adjusted on KY INVAPP up to the system layout.
The general operation modes for KY HYBRID system are as below.
1.2. How to Use the Manual
Before using this inverter, please read the manual carefully. For this manual, it is assumed
that the user is familiar with AC and DC systems and knows the rules and regulations
regarding electrical equipment and its connection to grid of utility company. It is particularly
important to be familiar with the general safety regulations related to the use of electrical
equipment.

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1.3. Applicable（warnings, precautions, notices）
Some of the important information shown below runs through different parts of this manual
(where this important information is at this manual depends on the nature of the information):
The KY HYBIRD series inverters strictly comply with related safety rules for product design
and testing. Please read and follow the instructions and cautions on the inverter during
installation, operation or maintenance, as any inappropriate operation might cause personal
or property damage.
SIGNS EXPLANATION
Caution
Failing to observe a warning indicated in this manual may result in injury.
Danger of high voltage and electric shock!
Danger of hot surface!
Components of the product can be recycled.
This side up! The package must always be transported, handled and stored in such
a way that the arrows always point upwards.
No more than six (6) identical packages being stacked on each other.
Product should not be disposed as household waste.
The package/product should be handled carefully and never be tipped over or
slung.
Refer to the operating instructions.
Keep dry! The package/product must be protected from excessive humidity and
must be stored under cover.
Inverter will be touchable or operable after minimum 10 minutes of being turned
off or totally disconnected, in case of any electrical shock or injury.
CE Mark
Caution!
1. Must first connect the DC and AC earthing and then connect the DC input and AC output When disconnecting: last
disconnect the earthing.
2. Need permission from the local utility prior to connecting the inverter to the utility grid and hire qualified personnel.
3. Observe all documentation that accompanies the inverter.
4. Installations maintenance and installed should be carried out by competent persons, who have sufficient
skills and training to apply safe methods of work to install.
5. There is no maintainable part in the inverter. If there is any problem, it must be maintained by professionals.
6.All electrical installations must be done in accordance with the National Wiring Rules of Standard and local
code 62109.
7. Non-isolated inverters : the PV modules should have an IEC61730 Class A rating.

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8.The inverter is more 18kg,No handles and grips. Please be carefully to carrying and lifting. Equipment or
parts having a mass of 18 kg or more shall be provided with a means for lifting and carrying or directions
shall be given in the manufacturer's documentation.
9.The software version information can be read through the upper computer software .
10.The inverter is a non-isolated between DC input and AC output. The product marking must be readily visible
after installation.
-Risk of Electric Shock, Do Not Remove Cover. No User Serviceable Parts Inside. Refer Servicing To
Qualified Service Personnel.
-When the photovoltaic array is exposed to light, it supplies a dc voltage to this equipment.
-Please not that DC input voltage must be less than 550V or the other . Too high voltage could cause
damage to the inverter.
11. The N on the off grid side is not connected to the N on the grid side in the inverter. Please according to the
requirements of local power grid.
12. Please avoid direct sunlight to the inverter.
13. When the inductive load of motor type is connected to the off grid port, please note that the instantaneous
peak current of load starting shall not be greater than 40A.
1.4. Important Safety Information
Please read the manual before installation, operation and maintenance.
Permission from the local utility is required before
connecting the inverter to the grid and employing qualified
personnel.
Before installation ：
Check the installation position to avoid direct exposure of the
product to sunlight.
Check the inverter and package for damage. If in doubt, please
contact the supplier before installing the inverter.
Before connecting PV panels to the inverter, please check the
voltage of the inverter and ensure it is within the specifications
of TRM inverter.
Observe all documentation that accompanies the inverter
The inverter is more 18kg, No handles and grips. Please be
carefully to carrying and lifting
Installation ：
All electrical installation must be carried out in accordance with
national standard wiring rules and local specifications. Only the
personnel who has been trained, authorized and familiar with
local electrical regulations can install inverter. To ensure safety,
follow the steps described in this manual. Please note that the
inverter has two live terminals, PV input and grid.
The earth line must be connected before connecting the DC
input and AC output. The product identification must be
clearly visible after installation.
Disconnect the inverter ：
Always disconnect the AC circuit first, then the PV circuit,
and finally the ground wire. Please note that even if the
inverter has been disconnected form the grid/main power
supply and solar module, its voltage may still be very high
and still dangerous at this time. After disconnecting from
the grid and PV panels, please wait at least 20 minutes.

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Operation/Maintenance ：
Maintenance and installation of equipment should be
carried out by qualified personnel with adequate skills and
training who use safe working practices.
Before connecting the inverter to the grid, make sure that
the mounting cover is refitted. Do not open it while the
inverter is working. Risk of electric shock.
When the PV array is exposed to sun, it will supply DC
voltage to this device.
There are no repairable parts inside the inverter, if there is
any problem you must contact a professional for
maintenance.
Performance safety parameters ：
Unauthorized modification of performance safety
parameters may cause injury or accident to personal or the
inverter. In addition, this will result in the invalidation of all
inverter operation certification
If non original spare parts are used, there will be no guarantee
of CE compliance in terms of electrical safety, EMC and
equipment safety.
Attention:
Before connecting PV, please confirm that the open circuit
voltage of PV panel must be less than 550V, and the
maximum power of PV input is 5500W.
Attention:
In off-grid mode, the EPS port output of the inverter is
floating
Attention:
The inverter has integrated RCD detection module, will
exclude possibility of DC residual current to 10mA, thus in
the system an external RCD (type A) can be used(≥30mA).
1.5. General Safety Regulations for Working on Electrical Equipment
All personnel responsible for inverter installation, maintenance and service shall be trained
and familiar with the general safety regulations to be observed when working on electrical
equipment.
Personnel responsible for equipment installation and service must also be familiar with local
requirements, rules and regulations and safety requirements.
To provide general guidance on safety, here are five well-known and widely accepted
provisions. These provisions should in no way be regarded as exhaustive.

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Personnel working on electrical equipment shall be responsible
for personnel and property safety!
Cut off
Before starting any work, disconnect all cables that supply
power to the workplace. Note that no voltage does not mean
that the cable is disconnected.
Prevent reconnection
Prevent the system from being reconnected by labeling or
closing / blocking the work area. If it is accidentally
reconnected, it may cause serious accidents.
Check that there is no voltage in the system
With the voltage tester, make sure there is no voltage in the
system. Check all terminals to ensure that there is no voltage
on each conductor of the system.
Cover neighboring live components and prevent others
from approaching
Cover all live system components that may cause injury during
operation. Make sure the danger area is clearly marked.
1.6. System selection
Maximum PV voltage
When selecting the specifications of photovoltaic system, it
must be ensured that the open circuit voltage of PV string will
not exceed the maximum input voltage 550VDC of the inverter.
The maximum open circuit voltage of PV series during parallel
or series operation is 550 v. Voltage above this level may cause
permanent damage to the inverter.
Maximum current of each DC terminal
The maximum current of each PV input terminal of this inverter
is 12A, which may cause permanent damage to the inverter.
The selection output of PV string should be based on the principle that investment capital can
be used optimally, rather than on the expected energy output of the system each year. This
optimization depends on local climate conditions and should be considered in all cases.
The inverter is equipped with input and output power limiting devices, which can
automatically maintain the power at a safe level for the inverter. The limit range mainly
depends on the internal and ambient temperature. The system constantly calculates the
limits, which always allows the system to produce as much energy as possible.
Please use the tools provided by KOYOE to calculate the configuration of PV system.

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2. Technical Description of Inverter
2.1. Mechanical Design
Be careful!
For safety reasons, it is recommended to use DC switch
between PV arrays and power modules (this measure is
mandatory in some countries).
2.2. Electrical Design
The power of PV string is transmitted to the DC bus of inverter through boost circuit, and the
inverter circuit converts DC into AC and feeds it into power grid.
Two DC inputs of TRM inverter are equipped with MPPT to ensure maximum output power
even under different PV input voltage conditions.
The KY HYBIRD series inverters have two PV input functions, and include grid-connected,
energy storage and other functions in one inverter, the system diagram is shown in following
figure:
Be careful!
The input DC switch is located on the left side of the inverter.
When moving the inverter, pay attention to keep a distance to
avoid damage.

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Refer to Chapter 4 for details on connection and installation.
2.3 Reducing and Limiting Output Power
The operation of inverter derating is a method to avoid overload or restrain potential fault. In
addition, the derating function can be activated under specific grid conditions according to the
requirements of grid company. The inverters have the following derating conditions:
When the ambient temperature exceeds 73 ℃or the temperature of power device
exceeds 85 ℃, stop outputting power.
When the ambient temperature is between 60-73 ℃or the temperature of power
device is between 81-85 ℃, the output power is reduced linearly.
External power level adjustment.
Only authorized personnel can make external power level
adjustments
The inverter supports a variety of power quality response modes, detailed as follows:
1．Volt response mode
1.1) Volt–watt response mode:
Open by default from the factory. The response curve range is set according to the default value. If
necessary, the range can be modified by the upper computer.
1.2) Volt–var response mode:
Close by default from the factory. The response curve range is set according to the default value, if
necessary, the range can be modified by the upper computer.

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1.3) Voltage balance modes:
This inverter does not have this function.
2. Fixed power factor or reactive power mode:
Close by default from the factory. It can be modified by the upper computer.
3. Power response mode（cos φ (P):
Close by default from the factory. It can be modified by the upper computer.
4. Power rate limit:
Close by default from the factory. It can be modified by the upper computer.
3. Inverter Working Mode
The photovoltaic grid connected inverter can be divided into five working modes in the whole
working process: standby mode, check mode, normal mode, fault mode and programming
mode.
3.1. Standby Mode
When the inverter is only connect to the PV, BAT, or the Grid. The inverter will enter the
check mode.
3.2. Check Mode
When the inverter is powered on, it will automatically detect the insulation, current sensor,
leakage protector, relay and other components according to the sequence, and soft start. In
this way, the inverter can work normally and enter the normal operation mode smoothly.
3.3. Normal Mode
KY HYBIRD system normally has the following operation modes based on your configuration
and layout.
Mode：PV-Bat-Grid-Mode
（with PV ）Priority ：
load>battery>grid
The power generated from
PV will be used to supply
home loads firstly, then to
charge the battery. The
superfluous power will feed
the public grid. When user
connected the smart meter
to the grid, you can set the
power value feeding to the
grid.

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Mode：Bat-Grid-Mode
（without PV）
When no PV supplied,
battery will discharge for
home loads firstly, and grid
will supply power when the
battery capacity is not
enough. Users can set the
battery charging and
discharging time according to
the peak valley electricity
price of the grid.
Mode：EPS-Mode
When the grid is off, PV or
battery can be the
emergency power supply to
power up the home loads
（Battery is necessary in EPS
mode）
3.4. Fault Mode
When there is a fault in the operation, the inverter will stop the output power and enter the
fault mode, and the fault information will be displayed on the LCD. Before entering the fault
mode, the inverter will automatically store the output power into EEPROM. The general fault
will be automatically removed within 5 seconds, and the inverter will resume operation. When
a serious fault occurs, the inverter will stop in the failure mode until the relevant technical
personnel remove the fault.
3.5. Programming Mode
No matter what working mode the inverter is in, when the system needs programming, the
inverter will enter the programming mode and rewrite the firmware in DSP flash memory.
3.6. Shut Down
When the grid voltage, battery voltage and PV voltage is lower than setting value, the inverter
will shut down. If there is no fault and the light intensity increases gradually, the inverter will
start smoothly the next day.
3.7. Safety Setting
Users can set the working mode of the inverter through LCD. In general, the factory setting is
the default parameter of the corresponding country.

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Users can set safety rules according to the actual environment they are using. The operation
of setting safety rules is shown in the figure below:
Step 1: Press the "Enter" button in the main interface to ENTER the interface below, select
the "Settings" option through the "Up" button and the "Down" button, and then press the
"Enter" button to ENTER the next level menu.
Step 2: After entering the following menu, select the option of "Safety Setting" through the
"Up" and "Down" buttons, and then press the "Enter" button to Enter the next menu.
Step 3: After entering the following menu, enter the password through the "Up" button and
"Down" button to enter the next menu. Safety information is an important parameter, in order
to ensure the safety of users and set, password can be obtained by consulting customer
service.

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Step 4: After the password is entered correctly, the user can Enter the following menu. The
user can select the safety rules that need to be set through the "up" and "down" keys, and
then press the "ENTER" button to confirm. After successful setting, "OK" will be prompted,
and then press the "Esc" key to return to the main screen.
4. Installation and Start-up
4.1. Preparation for Installation
Warning!
Before installation and maintenance, both AC and DC
terminals are dead. However, if the DC input has just been cut
off, the capacitor inside the device will still store electricity. So
please wait for at least 20 minutes to ensure that the capacitor
will release the electricity and the equipment is not electrified.
Be careful!
The inverter must be installed by professionals.
Don't expose the product to direct sunlight.
Our company will provide warranty service for your purchased PV grid connected inverter
within 5 years after purchase. If you do not install the inverter according to the requirements
of this manual, the warranty will become invalid. The content of warranty is limited to the cost
of product repair or replacement.
Ventilation is very important for heat cooling of inverter. Under outdoor conditions, the
inverter needs operating room at least 200 mm left and right and at least 300 mm up and
down.
Note：
EPS-PORT CAN NOT CONNECT IN PARALLEL;
1）SINGLE PV STRING CAN NOT CONNECT TO TWO OR MORE INVERTERS;
2）ONE SMART METER CAN NOT CONNECT TO MULTI INVERTERS, AND DIFFERENT CT CAN
NOT CONNECT TO A SAME FIER CABLE;
3）ONE BATTERY PACK CAN NOT CONNECT TO MULTI INVERTERS;
4）EPS-PORT CAN NOT CONNECT TO GRID.

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4.1.1. Packing List
On receiving the inverter, please check to make sure all the components as below are not
missing or broken.
4.2. Mounting
4.2.1. Select Mounting Location
For inverter’s protection and convenient maintenance, mounting location for inverters should
be selected carefully based on the following rules：
Rule 1.Inverter should be installed on a solid surface, where is fit for inverter’s dimensions
and weight.
Rule 2.Inverter installation should stand vertically or lie on a slop by max 15°(see following
picture)

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Rule 3.The installation of inverter should be protected under shelter from direct sunlight or
bad weather like snow, rain, lightning etc. (Pic 2)
Rule 4.Inverter should be installed at eye level for convenient maintenance.
Rule 5.Product label on inverter should be clearly visible after installation. Rule 7. Leave
enough space around inverter following the values on the following picture..
Be careful!
Our company will provide warranty service for your
purchased PV grid connected inverter within 5 years after
purchase. If you do not install the inverter according to the
requirements of this manual, the warranty will become
invalid. The content of warranty is limited to the cost of
product repair or replacement.
Ventilation is very important for heat cooling of inverter.
Under outdoor conditions, the inverter needs operating
room at least 500 mm left and right and at least 500 mm up
and down.

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4.2.2. Mounting the inverter
Remember that this inverter is heavy! Please be careful when lifting out from the package.
The inverter is suitable for mounting on concrete or other non-combustible surface only.
Step1：Mark the hole positions on the fixed wall;
Step2：Drill holes in the marked positions with a φ8 drill bit.
Step3：Fix the expansion screw in the drilled holes.
Step4：Hang the inverter onto the expansion screw and make sure it is fixed in place.
4.3. ELECTRICAL WIRING CONNECTION
4.3.1. PV CONNECTION
Before connecting PV panels/strings to inverter, please make sure to meet the requirements
as below:
The minimum isolation resistance to ground of the PV string must exceed 18.33kΩ in case of
any shock hazard;
PV strings could not connect to earth/grounding conductor;
Use the DC plugs in the accessory box.
NOTE：There will be MC4 or Amphenol DC plugs in accessory box, the detailed connection
as below:
Step1: Prepare PV cables and DC plugs
3 Fix the expansion screw in the drilled holes.
1 Mark the hole positions on the fixed wall.
2 Drill holes in the marked positions with a φ8drill bit.
4 Hang the inverter onto the expansion screw
and make sure it is fixed in place.
3 Fix the expansion screw in the drilled holes.

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Be careful!
-Please use DC plugs and connectors in KOYOE accessory box
-PV cable should be standard, 2.5-4mm2 PV cable
Step2: Connect PV cable to DC connectors
Be careful!
-PV cable must be tightly crimped into the connectors;
-For Amphenol connector, the limit buckle cannot be pressed;
-There will be a click sound if connectors are inset correctly into
DC plugs.
Step3: Screw the cap on and plug onto inverter side

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4.3.2. Battery CONNECTION
This inverter support many types of batteries, such as lead-acid, ni-mh, lithium iron phosphate,
lithium manganite, cobalt acid lithium, polymer lithium battery ternary material. Please pay
attention to the input range of battery voltage when using the battery.
The battery side interface can be installed according to the above method. If you have any
questions, please consult the customer service personnel.
Be careful!
This inverter does not have the function of remote battery
temperature detection. When using lead-acid batteries, please
confirm with the battery manufacturer the safe operating
environment and conditions.
When using lithium battery, must connect the lithium battery communication line, the inverter can
work normally. The inverter uses CAN communication to connect with the battery's BMS. The
interface definition of the inverter is shown in the figure below. Please match according to the
battery's instruction manual.
4.3.3. ON-GRID&OFF-GRID CONNECTION
An external AC switch (≥40A) is needed for on-grid connection to isolate from grid when
necessary.
Please conduct wiring according to the identification on the interface, 6mm² cable is
recommended for connection.
Step1: For the safe operation of system, the recommended wire specifications are shown in the
figure.

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Step2: Prepare supporting AC terminals with L and N and PE ( the first
Step3: Make sure that the city power is disconnected and connected to the L, N and ground
terminals of the city power and fixed with screwdriver.
Step4:Ground cable shall be connected to ground plate on external enclosure.