Lowrance X-40 User manual

X-40
LIQUIDCRYSTAL
GRAPH
INSTALLATION ANDOPERATION MANUAL
(
UTHO INU.S.A. 988-0105-09
•eLOWRANCE ELECTRONICS, INC.
12000 E.SKELLY DR., TULSA,OK 74128
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TABLEOFCONTENTS TRANSDUCER-Theelementofasonarsystem
thatconvertsthe
electrical
energy
fromthe
transmitter Into ultrasonic soundwaves. Whenareturn
echostrikes the
transducer, itconverts thesound wavesinto electrical
POWERCONNECTIONS 2 energy
whichisreceived and
displayed bythesonarunit.
NOISE 3
TRANSDUCER 3 TRANSOM MOUNT-
Amethodof
mountingtransducers orothersensors KEYBOARDBASICS 4 1. S I I...
DISPLAY
INTERPRETATION 6 onti.etransomo.t1
eoat.
OPERATION 7
ON 7 UPPER/LOWERUMIT-These
arethe
range
limits
displayedon
thesonar
screenorpaper. Theupper
limitisshown atthe
top
ofthedisplay,while
CLEAR 7 thelowerlimit
isatthebottom. For
example, a20to30footrange has20
AUTO s feetastheupper
limitand30feetas
thelowerlimit.
SENSITMTY 8
CHARTSPEED 9 VIDEO GRAPH -AsonarunitthatusesaCRTortelevisiontypedisplay.
SCALE 11
RANGE 11 WINDOW-Asegmentofthe
depthrange. Forexample,anupper
limit
of
LOWERLIMIT 12 20feetandalower
limitof50feetcreatesa30footwindow.
UPPER
UM1T 12
AUTO BOTTOMTRACKING 13
GRAYLINE 14 ZOOM-Afeaturethat
enlargestargetsonthe
display.
DIGITAL 15
TENTHS 16
ALARMS 16
NOTE KEY 16
ZONEALARM 17
DEPTHALARM 18
LIGHT 19
DiSCRIMINATION 19
8CC 20
FEET-FATHOMS-METERS 21
PULSE 22
COMMAND 22
MENU#1-SPEAKER
VOLUME 23
MENU#2-GRAYLINE
CHECKS/LINES 24
MENU#3-SCALES 24
MENU#4-DIGITAL
AVERAGING 25
TRANSDUCERSAND
CONEANGLES 26
SIGNALINTERPRETATION 27
FISH SIGNALS 28
WATER
TEMP.ANDTHERMOCLINES 29
SURVEYINGALAKE 31
BAITP1514 32
HOW
TOOBTAINSERVICE 32
SCHEMATICANDPARTSLIST 32
SPARE
PARTS 33
SPECIFICATIONS 33
GLOSSARY 34
Copyright
©1987LowranceElecfronios, Inc. All Rights Res3rved. 37
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a60foot range haszeroforthe
upper
limitand 60forthe
lowerlimit. INTRODUCTION
REMOTE -An Intelligent"repeater" unitthatreceivesdepthinformation
fromanothersonarunit. Aremotedoesn'thaveatransmitter orreceiver.
However, itdoeshave ft's ownfeaturesthatare adjustable andoperate
separatelyfromthemaster.
RESOLUTION-The
ability
ofasonar unittoseparatetargets fromeach
otherorthebottom.
RMS-Astandard ratingoftransmitter poweroutput.
SCALE - The
markings onasonarunit's display. Todetermine the
depth
ofatarget,simplycomparethe target's
locationto
thelocationofthescale
markersonthe
display.
SECOND ECHO -Anotherechothatregistersatroughlytwice
the
depth
ofatargetecho. Thisiscaused by thesound waves reflecting offthe
bottom,strikingthe
surfaceof
thewater,travellingtothe
bottom
again,and
returingtothesurface.
SECOND FUNCTION KEY
-Abuttonthatconvertsthefunctions
ofthe
primarykeys
onthe
keyboard. Sonarunitswithasecondfunction
key
have
other
keys
withtwofunctions. Youcanswitchfunctions
withthesecond
function
key.
SENSITIVITY -Theability ofasonarunit'sreceiver todisplaytargets.
lncreasingthesensitivity
allows
weakertargetstobe displayed. Alsocalled
"gain".
SCROLLSPEED -SeeCHART
SPEED.
SHOOT-THROUGH-HULL -Atransducer installation whichallowsthe
sonarsignalsto
passthrough
a
fiberglass hullwithout cutting
aholeInthe
hull.
SUPPRESSION-Amethodusedinsomesonarunftsto
eliminateinterfer-
ence ornoise.
SURFACECLARITYCONTROL- Reducesoreliminatesundesirablesig-
nalsdisplayed nearthewater'ssurface. Also called "SCC".
THERMOCLINE -Alayerofwatercausedbythemeeting ofwarm
andcool
layers
ofwater. Thethermocline providesthetemperature mostfish
prefer.
Welcometotheworldofsportfishlngsonar. YourLowranceX-40
isa
highqualitysonardesigned forbothprofessional
andnovice users.The
X-40
automatically
findsand
displaysthebottom
depth,
fish,and structure
by
just
byturning
iton.Asyou becomefamiliarwithyour X-40,trysome
of its remarkable features. "Fine tune" the unit to the surrounding
conditions
toget themostfromyour sonar.
Youcanprogram
theX-40tosound alarms whentheboatgoes
shalloweror
deeper
thana
presetdepth.
Analarmwillalsosound
whena
fishentersanalarm zone. Zoominandseparate fishfromstructure and
each other.
Only
Lowrance givesyouthepowertoadjust
asonarunittoits
maximum potential.
TogetstartedwithyourX-40,first
readtheinstallationsection. This
iswhereitallbegins,andimproper installationcancause
problems
down
theroad.After
you've
readtheseinstructionsandinstalled
your
X-40,read
therest ofthismanualindetail.Themore youknowwhen
youget
tothe
water,themore
your
X-40willdofor
you.Takethismanualforreference
when
youheadtothelake.
INSTALLATION
Mounting
Install theX-40 in any convenient location, providedthere is
clearancewhentiltedforthebest
viewingangle. Holesinthebracketbase
allowwood screw orthrough bolt mounting. Attachthebracketto
aluminumpanelswith sheetmetalscrews. Placea
piece
of
plywood onthe
backofthinfiberglass panels tosecurethemounting
hardware. Make
certain thereisenoughroombehind the unitto attach thepowerand
transducer cables.
Youcanroutethe
power
andtransducer cablesthrough
the
7/B"
holeinthebaseofthe
gimbal bracket. Thenpass
them
through
aholein
the mounting
surface. Thesmallest hole
thatwillpassone connector
through
is
3/4". Passthetransducerconnectorand
cable
up
through
the
holeand
gimbal
bracket. Then pushthepower cablewire down
through
thebracketanddash. Afterrouting thecables,filltheholewith silicone
rubberadhesive (RTV).
Offsetthebrackettocoverthe
majority
of
thehole.
36 1
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PowerConnections
TheX-40operates froma12volt
batterysystem. Attachthe power
cabletoan
accessory
or
power
buss. If
youhaveproblemswithelectrical
interference, then attach thecable directly to the battery. Electrical
Interferenceshowsasrandom dotsonthedisplay whenevertheboat's
engineoranaccessory
ison.
The
power
cablehastwo
wires, redisthe
positiveleadandblack
isnegativeorground. Attachthein-linefuseholdertotheredwireonthe
power
cablewiththe
crimp
connector. Theotherendof
thefuseholder
attachestothe
battery
or
accessory
buss. Ifthe
cableisnot
longenough,
splice
ordinary
#18gauge wireontoit. Becertainthatthefuse
holderis
asclose
tothe
power
source
(batteryoraccessorybuss)as possible. This
protects
the
power
cableandyourX-40 intheeventof
ashort. Usea
3-amp
fuse.
The
X-40hasreverse
polarityprotection. Nodamagewilloccurif
the
wiresarereversed. (However, theunitwillnotworkuntil
thewiresare
attached
correctly.)
onthescreen. SignalsweakerthantheGRAYLINE
setting
are
displayed
in
black,strongertargets
aregray. Italsogivescluestothe
compostition
ofthebottom.Inother
words, you
cantellifthebottomissoftorhard. A
hardbottom
returnsastrongsignalcausing
awide
gray
line.A
soft,muddy
orweedy bottom returns aweaker signal whichisemphasized with a
narrow
gray
line.
IN-DASH-A
sonarunitinstalled
throughaholeIntheboat'sdash. Usually,
thefaceofthesonar isflushor nearlysowiththedash.
kHz - Kilohertz. A measurementoffrequency. Your Lowrance sonar
operatesat192Kilohertz. (192,000 cyclespersecond).
LCD
-
Liquidcrystaldisplay. Thescreenordisplay
ofa
LiquidCrystalGraph
sonarinstrument.
LCG
-LiquidCrystalGraph.
NOISE - Any undesired signal. Electrical noiseis caused by engine
ignitionssystems,radios,etc. Acousticnoiseiscausedbythe
vibration of
theengine orothermechanical sources. Itappears onthedisplay as
randomdotsorlines.
OPERATINGFREQUENCY
-Frequencythatthesonar unit's
transmitter
andreceiveraretunedto.
OUTPUTPOWER
-Theamplitude ofelectricalenergytransmitted fromthe
sonarunittothetransducer. Measured in watts, thehigher
the output
power,the
deeper
asonarunitcan
read,
andmore
detailcanbe
displayed.
PEAK-TO-PEAK -Ameasurementofthetransmitter's poweroutput.
PIXEL
-
Thesmalldotsorsquaresona
liquidcrystaldisplay
orCrt.
PIXELDENSITY-Thenumberofpixelspersquareinchona
liquidcrystal
display. Thebest
resolutionisobtainedwhena
highnumber of pixelsare
in thevertical.
PULSE LENGTH -Theamountoftimethat
thesonartransmits. Thisis
measured in micro-seconds. Theshorterthepulselength, thebetterthe
resolution. For
example,
a30micro-second pulselength isequal toaone
inch resolution.
RANGE-Thesectionofwatershownonthesonardisplay. For
example,
3-AMP
12VOLT BATTERY
2 35
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GLOSSARY
ANCHORWATCH-
A
selling
ofthesonarunit's
alarm. Thealarmactivates
whentheboat driftsinto shallowerordeeper
waterthanthealarm set
points.
BACKLIGHTEDAdisplayorkeyboardillUminatedfrombehitX1
byalight.
Back-lighteddisplays
andkeyboardsareessential
when
nightfishing or
navigating.
CAVITATION-Airbubblescreated bythehighspeedmovementofaboat
ortransducer through
water.
CHARTSPEED -(1) Thespeed ofthechart paperon a papergraph
recorder. (2)The
speed ofanimageacrossthescreenofaliquid crystal
graph. (Also
called "scroll
speed").
CONEANGLE
-Widthofthetransducer's cone
ofsound. Lowrance has
transducerswith
coneanglesfrom8to45degreesto
suitthevarying
needs
offishermen.
CRT
-
Abbreviation forCathode Ray
Tube. SeeVideo
Graph.
DEFINITION - Theability
ofasonarunit's
display
toshowdetail. Ahigh
resolution display canshow moredetail
thanalowresolution one.
DISCRIMINATION - Afeature
thatallowsthesonartoeliminatenoiseand
displayonlytruetarget
information.Discriminationon
Lowrance products
cutsoutfalsesignalsfromothersonar, noise,thermoclines, andmore.
FISH ALARM
-Analarmthatactivates
whenafishisdetected.
FISHARCH-Asonarwithgood resolutiondisplays fishsignals
withan
upsidedown
"V"orarch.Thisdistinguishesfishsignalsfrom othertargets.
FLUSH MOUNT - A
transom mounttransducer thatisinstalled withthe
bottomofthe
transducerflushwiththebottom
ofthehull.
GIMBALBRACKET -Abracket usedtoinstall asonar unitpermanently.
Thesonarunitcanrotate inthebracket forthebest viewingangle.
GRAYLINE-Thisfunctionshows
therelativestrengthof
signalsdisplayed
NOISE
Minimize electrical noiseby routing
thepowercable
away
from
other
possible sourcesofelectrical interference. Oneof
the
largest
noise
generators isthe
engine'swiring
harnessthatrunsfromthe
enginetothe
instrument panel. This
harnessusuallycontainsawireforthe
tachometer
whichradiates HF(radio
frequency) energy. Forbestresults,keep
the
powerandtransducer cables away fromtheengine wiring. Also, bilge
pump
wiringcansometimesradiatenoiseso
try
to
keep
theX-40'scables
away
fromthosewires.
VHFradioantennacablesradiate
RF
energy
at
higherpower
levels
thaneven
the
engine'swiringharness. Itisimportant
tokeep theX-40's
powerandtransducercables asfaraway as possible fromVHFradio
cables.
Ifinterferencebegins atslowboat
speeds,worsening astheboat
speed increases,thenaprobablecauseisacousticnoise, orcavitation.
This noiseisnotelectrical, butrathermechanically inducednoisefrom
the transducer. Stop
the
boat,put
the
enginein neutral,and increasethe
rpm. Ifthenoise
doesnotincrease onthedisplay, thenitiscavitation.
Usually,
airbubbles
passingoverthefaceofthetransducer
createacoustic
noise.Thefasteraboattravets, themoreairbubbles increaseandgenerate
noiseon thedisplay. To eliminate this problem, read thetransducer
owner'smanual forproper
mountingtechniques.
TRANSDUCER
Installation instructionsforthetransducerarewiththetransducer
ina
separatepackage. Pleasereadtheinstructions carefully
before
you
installthetransducer.
34 3
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KEYBOARD BASICS
Thissection
givesabrief explanationofthekeyboard. Readthe
Operation sectionforadetaileddescription
ofeachkey's operation.
GRAYLINESET Press thiskey to
adjust
thegrayline
level.
DIGITAL SONAR The
X-40
isreally two
sonarsinone
housing.
Themostobvious
isthegraph,designed toshowallreturn
echoes. Theothersonaristhedigital,
designed
foronlyonepurpose: toshow
the bottomdepth. These keysturnthe
digitaldisplay
offoronand
thethe
digital
alarm
functions.
ZONEALARM
KEYS Thisgroup cf
keys..—
controlstheX-40'szonealarm. ft's
corn-
rnonly
usedasa"fishalarm."A
target
(such
asafishorschoolof
fish) willsetoff
thealarmifItentersthealarm zone.
UPPER LIMIT
LOWER LIMIT TheUpperand Lower
Umit keysallowyoutoselect different
depthranges. Enter thedesired
depth
andthenpress the appropriate upper
or
lowerlimit
key. The
UpperLimit keysets
thedepth forthe
top
ofthedisplay.The
Lower Limit key determines the depth
displayed
atthebottom.
CLEAR The
CLEARkeyerasesthelast
entry.ftcanalsoeraseother
features, as
youwillseelater.
1
4
UPPER
LIMIT
2
5
SOC
I)
PULSE
3
6
4 33
SPARE PARTS
Thefollowing isalistofthemost
commonly
needed parts. To
order,simply writethelistofpartsrequiredonaslip of
paper
and mailit
tothe
aboveaddress.
(Note: Price subject
tochangewithout
notice.)
PartNumber Description Price
151-0071-00 PowerCable 6.75
003-2249-00 GimbalKnobs (w/washers, 2ea.) 3.95
003-2045-00 GimbalBracket 7.75
003-2181-00 FuseHolder
(w/3ampfuse) 3.95
988-0105-09 Owner'sManual 2.50
SHALLOW
DISPLAY
7
5121 8
BTMTIlIC 9 I'T/FA/M
LowER
LIMIT
F
CLEAR]["ND
11AUTO ]
C JtI.IGHY
ON
SPECIFICATIONS
Dimensions
Weight
Transmitter
Frequency
Output
Power
ReceiverSensitivity
OperatingCurrent
Operating Voltage
Number
ofpixels
Depth
Capability
C
ONOFFThesekeystumtheX.4Oonand
off. Toturn
iton,
simplypresstheOwkey.
Toturnitoff,press
the OFFkey.
53/4"Hx83/16W x25/8"D
1 3/4pounds
192kHz
600wattspeak
topeak
typical
75wattsRMS
>85db
temperaturestabilized
200 ma
(lightsoff)
500 ma
(lights
on)
9-15vdc
192x64 (verticalxhorizontal)
12,288
Total
300'-SOO'
typical
(with
20degreetransducer)
500'-700'typical
with8
degreetransducer)
Pressing any keygenerates a
toneor "beep."ThisistheX-40'sway
of
tellingyou thatithasaccepted a com-
mand,
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BAITFISH
Theimportance ofbaitfishtosuccessful fishing can'tbeover-
emphasized. Theyaretheprinciplefoodofallgame fishInmost
waters.
Baitfisharethe
planktonfeedingforagefish,
suchasminnowsand
shad. Baitfishcanalsobethe
youngofgame fish, suchas crappies,
bluegill,andbass.
Mostbaitfishconcentrate withinfivefeetofthe surface where
sunlightpromotes
thegrowth oftheplankton onwhichtheyfeed. One
methodof
fishingistousetheX-40tofindthebaitfish
first.Aschool ofbait
fishwilllooklikea
"cloud"ontheX-40's
display. Usually,gamefish
willbe
nearby, often
directly
beneaththeschool ofbait
fish.
SENSITIVITY These keys control the
graph'ssensitivity. (The digitalautomati-
catlyadjusts Itssensitivity.) The receiver
sensitivity
has
S2steps,allowingadjustment
overawide range ofconditions. The left
arrowkeydeoreases the
sensitivity,the right
arrow key increases it.
2nd Thisallows
keys
tohavemorethanone
function. Notice thatsomeofthe
keyshave
asmallword
printedinwhitebelowitspri-
maryfunction label. Thewhite lettering
designates a2ndfunction. Activate a2nd
function by first pressing the "2nd key."
Then press a key which hasthe second
function
printed
inwhite. For
example, the
AUTOkeyalso hasthe word"LIGHT" printed
on It. "LIGHT" isthe AUTO key'ssecond
function. Pressthe2ndkey, thentheAUTO
key
toturnthelights on.
KEYBOARD BASICS
CHART TheCHART
groupofkeys
con-
trolsthechart speed. TheX-40has 10
chart
speeds,ranging
from
veryslowto
FAST. PressingtheFASTkeyspeedsup
the
chart
speed.TheSLOWkeyreduces
it. The
STOP/RESUME keystops
andre-
starts
thechartdisplay.
NOTE KEY Thiskey
turns theaudible
alarm offoron.
DISC Discrimination is an adjustable
noise rejection system. The levels of
adjustment
are0through 10.
0-9 These keys
allowtheentry ofnum-
bersothroughg.Someofthesekeyshave
morethan one function. Use the 2nd
function
key
tousetheotherfunctions.
Pressing a numeric key displays the
numberinawindow
nearthetop
centerof
thedisplay.
AUTO TheAUTO key switches
theX-40
Inoroutoftheautomaticmode.TheX-40
automaticallyadjusts
thesensitivity
and
range
selectionat
poweron. Pressingthe
AUTOkeyallowsyou totakecontrolof
the
X-40, making manual adjustmentsas
desired. WhentheX-40isinthe auto-
matic
mode,theword"AUTO"displays
immediately
below the
sensitivity
bar.
Note:TheX-40hasmanymore
featuresthantheones
justdis-
cussed. Foradetailed lookat
the X-40'sfeatures and opera-
tion instructions, read theOp-
erationsectionofthismanual.
32 5
HOWTO OBTAIN SERVICE
If
youhave aproblemwithyoursonar
unit, pleasegiveusa
chancetohelpbeforesending itinforrepair.
Assistancecanoftenbeextendedby
telephone
orletter. Call
theAuthorized
CustomerServiceCenternearestto
you. IfthereIsn't
aservicecenter
nearyou,callthefactory
customerservice
department
at1-800-331-4105,
toll free. Oklahoma residents call918-437-6881,
collect. Pleasedetailthe
problemyouareexperiencing. Theservice
department maybeabletosaveyoutheinconvenience ofreturning
yourunit.
Iftheunitmust be returned, pack itcarefully so itwon't be
damaged. It
isadvisabletoinsuretheunitincaseit'slostor damaged
during
transit.
SCHEMATIC
DIAGRAM ANDPARTS LIST
If
you
desireaschematicandpartslistfor
your
Lowrance
sonar,
send
$1
.Oototheaddressbelowandthe
informationwillbemailed
toyou
promptly. Be sure to include
themodel and serial number ofyour
Lowrance sonar unit.
MailTo:
LowranceCustomerService
12000 E. SkellyDr.
Tulsa,Oklahoma 74128
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DISPLAY
INTERPRETATION
Nowlet'slookatthedisplay.
First,
we'llturnontheX-40bypressing
the
ON
key. The lights
will
flashforsix
seconds. Thechartscrollsthereturn
echoes acrossthe screen and the
digital searchesforthebottom
depth.
It'sflashes0untIl itfindsthebottom.
Onceitfindsthebottom,the
depth is
displayed.
HeretheX-40has
foundthe
bottomat
48feet. The
range
iszero
to
80 feet. It automatically chooses a
lowerlimit
thatplacesthe bottom
sig-
nalnear
thebottomofthe
display.
Thebaratthe
topofthedis-
playis
the
sensitivity
bar.Itshows
the
sensitivity in use. Thebarextends
from leftto right. A very short bar
indicatesminimumsensitivity.Setting __________________
the
sensitivity
tomaximumcausesthe
bartorun completely acrossthe
topofthe display.
ThewordSTOPindicatestheX-40's chartisstopped.
Thetopline
ofthe
chart
isalways adashedline. It
movesfrom
right
toleft, showing the chart ismoving. As thechartspeed increases or
decreases,thedashed linechanges speed accordingly. Stopping the
chartcausesthe
linetoflashonand off.
Therange isbothan
upperlimitand alowerlimit atthe
topand
bottomofthe
display,respectively. Inthisexample, the
range
isO-80feet.
Scale
markersprinted onbothsidesof thedisplay
helpdeterminetheactual
depth.
Forbestresults, readthe
Operation sectionofthismanual. It
explains in detailall ofthefunctionsthatareinthis section, pIus other
featuresnotdiscussed here.
The
temperatureofwaterinthelakeisseldom constant from
top
to bottom. Layers ofdifferenttemperatures form,andthe
lunctionofa
warmandcool
layer
ofwaterisa
thermocline. Thedepthandthickness of
thethermoclinecanvarywiththe
seasonortimeof
day.In deep
lakesthere
maybetwoormoreatdifferentdepths. Thermoclines areimportant to
fishermen because they areareaswherefishareactive. Many
timesbait
fishwillbeabovethethermoclinewhile
larger
game
fishwillsuspendinor
justbelowit.
TheX-40candetectthis invisible layer in thewater, but the
sensitivitywillprobably
havetobeturned up tosee it.
Aknowledge ofthewater
temperaturesvariousfishprefer,andin
which
theyusually remain,helpsyouget
themostfromyour X-40.
SURVEYINGALAKE
Themost
successfulanglersonanybodyofwaterarethosewho
fishit
day
after
day
and
year
afteryear. Eventually,they
learnthehot
spots
thatproduce fish
consistently. They
discover
throughexperiencewhere,
andatwhatdepth,they
can
expect
tofindthefish
they
wantat
any
season.
And
theyrealizethat
these
productiveareaschange throughout the
year
depending
onwater
level,temperature,
food,and otherfactors.
Withthe
X-40,anyone caneliminateguesswork and concentrate
ontheareaswherefisharelikely
tobe. Evenifft'sthefirsttimeonthelake!
Themostefficient
wayto
become
acquaintedwith
a
bodyofwater
istosurvey itwith
your
X-40. Startwithamap ofthe
lake,if
possible,and
indicatethepromising spots
in relationtolandmarkson
shore.
As
yougo
about
yoursurvey,your
X-40willtellyou
the
depth
and
typeofbottom. Itwillalsorevealsuspendedfish. Multiple
signalsonthe
dialusuallyindicatea
good schooloffishandit'sworthittostopandfish
forthem. Youmay
notget
any
further.
Keep afewLowrance Fish-N-Floatsintheboat, ready totoss
overboard. WhentheX-40indicatesaschool of
fish,throwthebuoy
out.
Thestring willunwinduntil thesinker hits bottom. Then, because ofthe
marker'sflat shape, itwon't unwind anyfurther. Withtheschool thus
marked,youcanmakeyour
turnandcomebacktofish inexactlytheright
spot.Thisis
essentialwhen
you'refarfrom
shoreon
a
big
lake. Unless
you
markthe
schooloffish whenyou're over it,youmaynotbeabletofindit
again.
6 31
TiTjIii
ii
-L
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Mostfish
don'tspawn unlessthewatertemperature iswithinrather
narrowlimits. Tofindthedifferenttemperatures, asurface temperature
meter, suchastheLDT-3000is avaluable
aidtoyour boat. Thisunit
provides anextremelyquickresponsetoidentifying thedesired surface
waterspawningtemperaturesforvarious species. Troutcan'tsurviveIn
streamsthatget toowarm. Bassandotherfisheventuallydie outwhen
stockedinlakesthat
remaintoocold
during
thesummer. Whilesomefish
haveawider
temperature
tolerancethanothers,eachhasa
certain
range
withinwhichittriesto
stay.Schoolingfishsuspended over
deepwaterlie
atthelevelthat
providesthis temperature. Weassumethey
arethemost
comfortablehere.
OPERATION
Whenthe
X-41)isfirstturned
on,
It
automaticallyfinds
and
displays
thebottom
depth,
andadjusts
the
sensitivity
totheproper level.It alsosets
thescalestoarangethat
willkeepthebottom
signalon
the
display, plus
muchmore. Using theX-40 in this mode is simple and allows youto
concentrate onfishing. However,virtually every
functionoftheunit is
manuailyadjustableso
itcanbe"finetuned"tothesurrounding
conditions.
Takethismanualwith
youasa
referenceguide.
ON roN j
TheON
key
islocatedinthelower
right
corner
ofthe
keyboard. It's
easily
found
inthislocation
-evenatnight. ToturntheX-40
on,press
the
ONkey. Anaudible
beepreflectsthe keypress. Thechartlights
will
begin
flashing,then stop
aftersixseconds. TheLowrance
logo
willflashforafew
seconds
asthechartscrollsacrossthe
display. The digital
bottom
depth
display
willflash"0"until itfindsthebottom. Thenitdisplays
thedigital
depth.
OFF [oFF]
ToturntheX-40 off,press
theOFF
key.
I2ND1
2nd t J
TheX-40hasmany differentfunctions, but
only
alimited space for
keys. Therefore,
someofthe
keys
havemorethanonefunction. Each
key's
primary
functionisinonecolor, whileit'ssecond
functioniswhite. To
accessthesecondfunctionona
key,pressthe
"2nd"
keyfirst,
then
press
theappropriatekey. For example, theAUTO key also has the label
"LIGHT." Pressing theAUTO key by itselftakesthe X-40outofthe
automatic
mode.
However,pressing
the2nd
key,
thentheAUTOkey,
turns
theX-40's lights on. The2nd
keyjustreassigned
the
meaning
oftheAUTO
key
fromAUTOtoLIGHT.
CLEAR [CLEAR]
lfyoumakea
mistake,
and
pressakeyotherthanwhatyouwanted,
waitsixseconds. TheX-40willautomatically erasethe
entry.
For
example, if youwishto
turnonthelights,the
properkeys
to
press
are 2nd,AUTO. However,supposeyouaccidentally pressedthe0
keyinsteadofthe2ndkey. Pressing
theCLEAR
keyerases
the
0,allowing
you
tostartover. TheCLEAR
keyalsoerasesorturns
offotherfunctions
30 7
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oftheX-40
including
8CC, Discrimination, and UpperLimit. Whenother Ifa partial archoccursmost ofthetimeonyour unit (themark
functionsaredescribed inthismanual,theCLEAR
key'soperationwillbe
explained indetail.
AUTO ____
Turning
theX-40on
enablestheautomatic mode.Toswitchtothe
manual
mode,
pressthe
AUTO
key
locatedabovetheON
key. Pressing
the
AUTO
key
erasestheword AUTOatthe
topof
the
display. Thiscancelsauto
sensitivityandranging, giving you complete manual controloftheunit.
Return
theX-40toautomaticat
any
time
bypressingtheAUTOkeyagain.
curvesup,butnotback
down,
or
vice-versa)it
couldbethetransducer is
not
pointingstraightdown.Adjust
a
transommounted transduceruntilthe
fishshowthedistinctive
arch. This
maytake
sometrialanderroruntilyou
achievethecorrect
mounting.
Remember,
theremustbesomemovementbetweentheboatand
thefishto
developthe
arch. Usually, this
meanstrollingatveryslowspeeds
with
themain enginein
gear
ataminimumthrottle
selling.
Thedepth
ofthewaterwillaffectthesizeand
shapeofthefisharch
duetotheconeanglediameter. Forexample,if
thecone
passesoverafish
inshallow
water,the
signaldisplayedontheX-40may
notarchatall. This
isduetothe narrowconediameterand theresolution limitations ofthe
display.
SENSITIVITY
—1I1iikq
I— IGRAYLINEI i.e_i
SET
Whenfirstturnedon,theX-40isin
theAUTOSEARCHmode. The
micro-computer automaticallyadjusts
the
sensitivity
andrange tofindand
lockonto
thebottom.Youcanleavethe
sensitivityin
theautomatic mode
ormanuallyadjust
ittosuitconditions.
Ahorizontal baratthe
topofthescreen displays
the
sensitMty
level. When thesensitivityisatitsminimum level,thebarisveryshort.
Increasingthesensitivity
causesthebartotraveltotheright,increasing in
lengthcorrespondingly. Selling
the
sensitivitytomaximum willcausethe
bartoextendacrossthe
top
ofthe
display. (There
are32
steps
of
sensitivity
available.)
Toplace
theX-40inmanualmode,pressthe
AUTOkey once. This
turnsauto sensitivity off. ThewordAUTOatthetopofthedisplaywill
disappear, signifyingthattheX-40isin themanual mode.ToIncreasethe
sensitivity,pressandholdthe right
arrow
key untilthe sensitivity isatthe
desired level. Theleftarrowdecreases sensitivity in thesame manner.
Noticehowthe
sensitivitybarmovesas
youchange settings. Whenyou
pressthe
rightarrowkey,
thebarmovestothe
right,indicating
anincrease
in
sensitivity. Pressing
theleft
arrow
key
movesthebartothe
left,showing
the
sensitivityhas
decreasedaccordingly. You'llalsoseethechange on
the
display.
The
photo
onthenextpageshowsagraphwithtoolittle
sensitivity.
Ontheright, thegraph
hasa
propersensitivity setting. Afishalong
with
higher
surface clutterarenow
visible,andthebottom
signalhaswidened.
Compared toa papergraph,aX-40cannotshowasfineofdetail.
The
reasonforthisisthepixels(dots
onthe
screen) aremuch larger
than
apaper
graph'smarkings. Therefore,
theX-.40cannot
showfisharchesas
wellasa
graph. Plus,
it
requiresabit
morework
initiallyto
readand
interpret
thescreenthanapaper
graph.
Very
smallfishprobablywill notarchatall. Medium sizedfishwill
showapartial arch,ora
shapesimilartoanarch ifthey're
in
deep
water.
Largefishwillarch,butturnthesensitivityupindeeperwaterto seethearch.
Becauseof
water
conditions, suchas
heavysurfaceclutter,thermoclines,
etc.,thesensitivity sometimes cannot beincreased enough to getfish
arches.
Oneofthebest
ways
toget fisharches istoexpand or"zoom"a
segmentofthewater.
For
example,
40to
60feet. Thesmallerthe
segment,
thebetter
thescreenresolutionwillbe. Then, turn
up
the
sensitivity
as
high
aspossible without
getting
toomuch noiseonthescreen. Inmediumto
deep
water, thismethod shouldworktodisplay fisharches.
WATER
TEMPERATURE ANDTHERMOCLINES
Water
temperature hasan important-If not controlling-influence
uponthe
activitiesofallfish. Fisharecold blooded andtheirbodiesare
aiwaysthetemperatureofthe
surroundingwater. Duringthewinter,
colder
waterslowsdown
theirmetabolism. Atthis
time,theyneedaboutafourth
asmuch
foodas
theyconsume inthesummer.
8 29
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11/Vs
AUTO
When the horizontal barreachesthe far righthand sideofthe
screen,the sensitivitylevelisatmaximum. With highsensitMtysettings,
asecondbottomecho(second echo) mayappear. Thisisnormal. It's
causedbythe
returningsignalreflectingoff
thesurface ofthewater.Then
itmakesasecond
trip
tothebottom and backagain.
ToturnAuto
SensitMtyback
on,press
theAUTOkey. Remember,
pressingthe
AUTO key turnsbothautomatic sensitivityandauto
ranging
functionsonandoffatthesametime.
AUTOSENSITIVITY ADVANCED OPERATION
WhentheX-40isintheautomaticmode,
thereceiver'ssensitivity
automaticallyadjuststo
the
surrounding conditions. The
micro-computer
placesitatalevel
slightlyabovethe
minimumrequiredtopickupthebottom
signal.
Changing thesensitivitylevel whiletheX-40 isintheautomatic
rnodeis
possible. This
may
bedesirableifthe
sensitivitylevelisnot
enough
toshowfishorothersmalldetail. TheX-40willincrease
thesensitivityto
28 9
Brush usuallyliesonthebottomandshows up
asclumpsrising
abovethebottom
signal.Brush
signalslooksimilarto large
rocks,
however
their
signal isnotasstrong
asrock.
FISH SIGNALS
The
signalsdisplayedontheX-40byfishareidentified by
various
shapedmarkingsincertainpatterns,
as
opposed
torandom markscreated
bynoise. Orthe
solid,continuous markings madeby
thebottom.
Typically,fishareidentified
by
acharacteristicarch
that
separates
themfromtheirstationary surroundings. Thereason
forthisisshown
below. Thedistance
toafishwhenitmovesintothesonar's
coneofsound
isshownas"A"below.Whenthefishhas movedintothe centerofthecone,
thedistancetoitwillbe shorter,"B". Asitmovesoutofthecone,the
distancewillIncreaseagainasshownIn"C".
8C
SENSITIVITY: TOOLOW SENSITIVITY: PROPER
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pickupthe
bottom
signal,
thenadd
in
thelevel
youprogrammed. If
desired,
youcanaddsensitivityup
tothe
maximum.
Toadjust the
sensitivity
whiletheX-40isintheautomatic mode,
simplypress
theright arrow key toincrease it. Presstheleftarrow
key
to
decreasethe
sensitivity. As you
press
thearrow
key,
the
sensitivity
barwill
move right orleft,according to
the
sensitivity levelchosen.
CHARTSPEED
51.0W FAST
RESUME
Atpoweron,
thechart
speed scrolls atapre-determined speed.
Forahigherspeed,pressandhold
theFAST
keyintheCHART
sectionof
the
keyboard. Whenthescrollspeed reachesthedesired speed,release
theFAST
key. To
slowthedisplay,press
andholdthe
SLOWkey. Pressing
eitherofthesekeys causesthe
sensitivity baratthe top
ofthe
display
to
changetoadashed line. Theletters"CHT"will
appearnearthe
top
ofthe
display. Thisbarrepresentsthechartspeed. If
youpressand
holdthe
FAST
key
forexample,thebarwillstart
movingtotheright. This
signifys
thatthechart
speedisincreasing. Thereare10steps
ofchartspeed.
HoldingeithertheFASTorSLOW
keys,the display
canbe
speededupor
slowed down. Whenthehorizontal barreaches thefarrightside ofthe
screen,thechart
speedis
atitsmaximumvalue. TheX-40willsoundatone
indicating maximum chartspeed.
Toview
thechartspeedwithoutchanging it,press2nd, FASTor
2nd, SLOW.
At
timesitisdesirabletostopor"freeze"the
display
toexamine
anechobeforeitscrollsoffthescreen. Pressing
the
STOP/RESUMEkey
oncewillfreezethe
display. Theword"STOP" appearsnearthe
topofthe
display. Press STOP/RESUMEagaintostartthe
displaymoving
atthelast
chartspeedsetting. lfthedigital sonarison, thebottom
depthiscontinually
displayed. Thedigital
doesnot
stopwhenthe
chartisinthe"freeze" mode.
The20degreetransduceris
almost
always
thebesttouseinfresh
water,
the8
degreemostlyinsalt
water. In a
deepwater
environment,(300
feet -fresh water, 100feet-salt water) thenarrowconeangle ismore
desirable. Sincethesound
energy
Isconcentrated Inasmaller
area,itcan
penetratetomuch deeperdepths.
Both8degreeand20degreetransducers giveaccuratebottom
readings,eventhough
thebottom
signalismuchwideronthe20degree
model. Thisisbecauseyouareseeing more ofthebottom. Remember,
the
shallow
edge ofthesignalshows you
thetruedepth. Therestofthe
signaltells
youwhether you
areover
rocks, mud, etc.
Painttransducerson
saltwaterboatswithathincoatofanti-foulant
paint
toprevent organismsfromgrowing. Ifunchecked, barnaclesand
othermarinegrowth willcausea
decreasein thetransducer's sensitivity.
Do notusea metal based anti-foulant paintas itwill decrease the
transducer's
sensitivity. Thereare specialanti-foulant paintsspecifically
designedfortransducers. They'rereadilyavailableat mostmarinedealers.
SIGNALINTERPRETATION
Sinceyour
X-40isboth
extremelysensitiveandpowerful,itgives
anaccurate
picture ofthe
bottomthat
yourboatispassing. Abottomof
firmsand, gravel, shell,or hard clayreturns afairlywide signal. Ifthe
automatic sensitivity
isoffandthe
signalnarrowsdown,
thenitmeansthat
youhave movedover
amud bottom. Mud absorbsthe sound
waveand
returns aweak
signal. Turn
up
the
sensitivity. If youhavetheautomatic
sensitivityturned on,watchthe
sensitivity
bar.As
theboatpasses overthe
mud
bottom,
the
X-40will
automaticallyincreasethe
sensitivityto
maintain
a
goodbottom signal.The
sensitivity
barwillhelpyouin
determining ifthe
bottomissoftor
hard. Ifitincreaseswhileinthesame
depth
of
water,then
theboathas
movedoverasoftbottom. Ifit
decreases,
then'itisoverahard
bottom. Of course, as thewaterdepth increases ordecreases, the
sensitivitywillalsochange.
Big
rooksor
stumps
onasmooth bottom
sendback
signalsabove
thebottomlevelsignal. The
heightofthe
signal depends onthe target's
height. Asyou passoverapost, itwill beclearly visibleas ashortline
extending abovethebottom signal.
Asteepslope returnsa
widesignal,the
steeper
thewider.
Signals
returnedfromahighunderwatercliffareusuallythewidestofall.
10 27
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TRANSDUCERS ANDCONEANGLES
Thesoundwavesfromthetransducerspread outintothe
waterin
acone
shaped beam.Thislooksmuchlikethebeamfrom
aflashlight.The
angle betweentheoutsideedges oftheconeistheconeangle.
Lowrance offersachoice oftransducers with either an8or 20
degreecone angle. Thesewillinterchangewithany
ofthe192 kHzsonar
products. Inother
words, useanyLowrancesonar
Instrumentwithany
Lowrancetransducer ofthesame
frequencywithno
lossofperformance.
However,theuseof
anyother
manufacturers'
transducerwillresultinaloss
ofperformance.
Typically, wideconeangletransducers (20
degrees) are idealfor
operating inshallowtomediumwater depths. The
20degree cone
angle
allows
youtoseemoreoftheunderwaterworld. In15
feetofwaterthe20
degreeconecoversanareaaboutsixfeetacross. The8
degreetransducer
covers onlyaboutatwofootcircle.
Thereareten
scalemarkers
printedonbothsidesof
the
display.
This
helps
todeterminethe
depth
of
a
target. For example,If
the
range
is
0to60feet,theneach
markIsequal
tosixfeet. Ifa
target(such
as
a
fish)
Isnexttothe5th line,
thenitis30
feet
deep. (5linestimes6feet
=30
feet.)
Tomake iteasierto usethedepth
scale,userangesin multiplesoften,
Le.10,20,30,etc.
When theX-40is in auto-
matic, the ranges change tokeep
thebottom
signalonthe displayas
thebottom
depth
varies. At
times,
however, it may be desirable to
expand therange orzoomInona
target.The upper
limit
adjusts
from
0 to9989 feet and thelowerlimit
fromlOto999Qfeet.
Anycombina-
tionofthetwolimitsIs allowed ex-
ceptthe
lowerlimitcannot
becloser
than ten feet to the upper limit.
Entering a segment less than ten
feetcausestheX-40tosound an
alert. Therange willthenremain at
theprevious setting.
--a SCALE
pt•
Con.
MgI.
DIITIS
r a'
50 Ttt. IBt
lOG 14- 35-
ISO 21- 53-
200 U- 71-
RANGE
50'
100'
150'
200'
8°at3db
—it
H8t
- LOWERLIMIT
26 11
NOTE: The
maximumdepthcapa-
bilityoftheX-40depends
onwater
and bottom conditions plus the
qualityofthetransducer
installation.
See the specifications for typical
bottom
depth capability.
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LOWER
LOWER LIMIT LIMIT
To
change thelower limit,
first
makecertainthe
word"AUTO" Isoffat
thetop
ofthescreen. Thisindicatesthat
theautomatic mode isoff. (Note:This
alsodisables theautomatic sensitivity
function.) Ifthe
automatic mode ison,
press
theAUTO keyoncetodisableIt.
Next,
pressthe
lowerlimitdesiredfrom
10to9999feetandpresstheLOWER
LIMIT
key. The
displaywillimmediately
change to the newdepth range and
displaythenewlowerlimitatthebottom
ofthescreen.
Forexample,tosettherange
to 80 feet, press 8,O,LOWER
NOTE: The maximum lower limit the X40 can display is 9999 feet.
However,theactual depth that itcan reach Is dependent onwaterand
bottom
conditions, plus
the
qualityofthetransducer
installation.
Whenthe
X-40changes ranges whileinthe
automatic
mode, the
lowerlimitselectedwill
always
beamultiple often. In
otherwordsthelower
limit willbe anumber thatendsinzerosuchas ten, twenty,forty, one
hundred,etc.
I UPPER
UPPER LIMIT LIMIT
Oftenft's
desirabletoexpand or"ZOOM"asectionofthe
display
to
showmoredetail.Youcando
thisontheX-40byusing
the
UpperLimit
feature.-To
change
the
display'supper
limit,firstmakecertainthat AUTO
isoff. Then simplypressthedesired depth (any
number
between 0and
9989
feet). Next,presstheUPPERUMIT
key. The onlyrestriction onthe
upperlimit
isthatit
mustnotbeclosertothelowerllmttthanI
Ofeet. Inother
words,
setting
the
lowerlimitto81 feet
prevents
the
upper
limit
frombeing
closerthan 71 feet. It
requiresatenfootorlargersegment. Remember,
youcannot change the upper
limitiftheX-40Isinautomatic.
Set upper and lower limits in various combinations to show
segmentsanywhere betweenthesurfaceandthebottom. This
permits a
scale
expansionor"zoom"ofa
portion
ofthe
display.
from 0
LIMIT.
MENU #4-DIGITALAVERAG-
ING
The
digitalsonar used intheX-
40isahighlysensitivedevice that
gives
rapid updates of the water's depth.
Under most conditions, the bottom
contour
changes so quIck
thatthedis-
playappearsto"Jitter". Inother words,
the
display
will
change so
quickly
thatit
canbedifficulttodetermine theactual
bottom
depth. Tominmizethiscondi-
tion,
theX.40averagesthebottomread-
ings
and
displaysthe
result. WhentheX-
40 isfirst turned on, averaging is en-
abled. To disable it, press
2nd,COMMAND until menu4appears,
or
press
4,2nd,COMMAND.Next,
press
the up or down arrow in the ZONE
ALARMsectionofthe
keyboardtoturnit
offoron.Waitsix
secondsforthe
display
toclearorpresstheCLEARkeytores-
ume operation.
MENU #5-PULSEWIDTH-page 22
MENU #6-SCC-page2O
MENU #7-ZOOMSIZE(AUTOMATIC
BO1TOM
TRACK-
ING) -page13
MENU #8-FEET/FATHOMS/METERS-page21.
These
functionsare
printed
inwhiteonkeys
onthe
keyboard.
Forexample press 2nd, 0forthepulsewidth menu. However, they
wereincludedin theCommand section sincetheyare available by
pressingtheCOMMANDkey. Youcanalsopress
themenunumber,
then
the2nd
key,thentheCOMMAND key. For
example,press
5,2nd,
COMMAND forthePulse Width menu. Since thesefunctionshave
beenexplained previously, pleaserefertothepagenumbers listed
aboveforInstructions.
12 25
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121 0
t J PULSE
PULSE
Thereisa
relationship between
resolutionandtransmitter pulse length.
Resolution,
inthis
case,isthe abilityofa C
sonartoseparatetargets. Theshorter
thepulse
length,thebetter
thesonar's —
ability
toseparatetargets. However, in
deep
water,
theshorter
the
pulselength,
thelesslikelya return echowill bere- —
ceived. Infact,theX-40 automatically
increases
the
pulse
length
astherange
increases. In shallow water, a narrow —
pulse length is beneficial, since the
probabilityofechodetection is
high. For
even bettertargetseparation, theX-40
givesyouthe capability tonarrow
the —
pulselengthfurther
thannormal. Com-
bine
thenarrow
pulse
lengthwithatenor
twentyfoot
segmentor"zoom"and
the -'
X-40
displayssmalldetailfarbetterthan
other
liquid crystalgraphs.
Tochangeto a narrowpulse,
press
2nd,0. Use
thearrow
keys inthe
ZONE ALARM
sectiontochangetothe
shortpulse
ornormalpulse. PrestheCLEAR
or
waftseveralseconds
forthe
display
tocI
your
selection.
r1
COMMAND I il
TheX-40has"menus"ofcommand
theunittoyourneeds.
Thereare8
pagesofn
areaccessedwiththeCOMMAND key. Pres
menuappears.As
you
can
seeonthenext
Volume.Thenumber"1"atthe
bottomof
th
numberone. PresstheCOMMAND keyagaii
To change menu selections, use
ALARMsection ofthekeyboard. Once
yot
MENU #2 - GRAYLINE
CHECKSOR LINES
ThismenuchangestheGrayline
from acheckered patterntolines. To
change, press2nd, COMMAND,COM-
MANDuntil menu2
appears,orpress2,
2nd,COMMAND. Next,press
the
up
or
downarrow
in
theZONE
ALARM
section
ofthe
keyboardforchecksorlines.
Then
pressCLEAR toactivatethe selection
andreturntothechart
display. Orwaft
several secondsand the display will
automatically clear.
MENU#3-SCALES
Turntheupperand lowerlimit
displayofforon
withthismenu. Press
2nd, COMMAND until this menu ap-
pears,orpress3,2nd,COMMAND. Use
thearrow keys in the ZONEALARM
sectiontoswitch the
numbers offoron.
PressCLEARtoactivate
yourselection
orwaitseveralsecondsanditwillauto-
maticallyactivate.
Example:
Setthe
rangef
rom40to80feet.
Press:4,0, UPPER
LIMIT,8, 0,LOWER
LIMIT.
When changing the upper or
lower limits, remember the minimum
distancebetweenthe
twoistenfeet. For
example,the upper
limitis10feet, witha
lowerlimitof20feet. Changing thelower
limittol1feetwillcausetheX-4otosound
analert.The
upper
and
lowerllmitswon't
change.
I2ND1 8
J BTMTRK
AUTOMATIC BOTTOM
TRACKING
Thelowerlimit
will
changeasthe
bottom
depthchanges. WhenAutomatic
Bottom
Trackingis
activated,auto
sensi-
tivity
and
tracking
arealsoturnedon.To
zoominonthebottomandtrackItasits
depth
changes, follow
the
steps
below.
Tousethis
feature,first choose
azoomwindow.For
example,letsusea
40footzoomwindow. Thismeansthat
theX-40willkeep
the
upperlimit40feet
above the lower limit. Automatically
placing
thebottom
signalinthis
window,
theX-40tracks
it
asitmovesshalloweror
deeper. Now press
4,0,2nd, BTMTRK.
TheX-40willchoosean
upper
andlower
limitthatwillplace the bottomsignal in
the 40foot window. Thebottom will
alwaysbe inside this window. Ifthe
segmentsize is40 feetor greater, the
window
limitswillend inzero (10,20,30,
etc.). Otherwisethelimitsareinonefoot
Increments.
If you simply press 2nd, BTM
TRK,
theX-40displays ascreendescrib-
,._zSFNSIi!VtiY
CHANCE D
PRESS
ALARM —
J. tOR4
CRAYLINE
1 -
—4 LINES -
—1 FOR NO
-. CHANCE -
PRESS.
CLEAR
—v
H TO CHANCE
PRESS
. ALARM
— t OF
SEWS/i IY
To CHANCE
PRESS
— ALARM
J tc4R4
SCALES
OFF
FOR NO
CHANGE
PRESS
CLEAR
S
. ZOO,r,1 SIZE
22 24 13
tjF.
TO CHANCE
ZOOM SIZE
ENTER SIZE
THEN F'RES
2ND AND :3
0 IS OFF
FOR NO
CHANCE
PRESS
CLEAR —
L-
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InghowtoactivatetheAutomaticBottom
Tra
Bottom
TrackingIson, pressthe up
ordown
ar
ZONEALARM
sectiontoincrementordecreni
example,
if
thewindowsizeiscurrently 20
feet,
press
the
up
arrowin
theZONEALARM
section
to
30feet. Ifthedownarrowwas
pressed,the',I
to10feet. If
theX-40's range isinfathoms, ti
window
size In2 fathom
steps. Ifft'sin meters
in4meter
steps
with each pressofthearrow
Toexitfromthisfunction, press0,2nd
BTMTAK. OrpresstheAUTO key
toturnoff
S1GIIAYLIN9 Ø
GRAYLINE
The GRAYLINEfunctionstells the r
displayed onthescreen. Italsogives clues
bottom. Inotherwords, youcantelliftheboti
bottom
returnsa
strongsignalcausing
awide
weedy
bottomreturnsaweaker
signalwhich i
GRAYLINE: OFF
EJWVfTY -ml
I—
I1T:
I DIGITAL ISHALLOWI DEEP
I iO ALARM I ALAflI
Thedigital sonar normally
dis-
plays the bottomdepth inwholenurn-
bert Displaythe
bottom
depth
intenths
ofafoot inwater
lessthan100feetby
pressing2nd, 10th. If
thebottom
depth
goesdeeperthan99.9 feet, thedigital
sonarwill
automaticallydisplay
in
whole
numbers again. If
thechartis inthe
freeze mode, the digital display will
continuetoshowthe
bottom
depth
asit
changes. Itdoesnot freezewhenthe
chart does. Thus, youcan distinguish
shallowwaterwarningsfromfish
alarms.
Press 2nd, 10th toturntenths
ALARMS
The
X-40hastwo
differentalarms,azone
alarmandadigitaldepth
alarm. The
zonealarm consistsof
abarthat
displaysontheleftsideof the
screen. Thealarm sounds analertwhenever theX-40detectsan echo
insidetheboundaries ofthe
zonebar.
The
depthalarmhas userselectableupperand
lowerlimits. Unlike
thezone
alarm,thisalarmonlysoundsonthebottom
signal. Italarmswith
ahighpitched
tonewhenthe
bottomechoisdetectedatorshallower
than
thealarm'supper
limit. It
soundswithalowpitchedtonewhenthe
bottom
echoisdetectedator
deeper
thanthe
alarm'slowerlimit.
NOTEKEY t_!!!tl
Thenotekey
turnsthe
audibletoneoffandon. Turning thealarm
on
enablesthe
audibletone. The
note
display
atthebottom
ofthescreen
is
on,
also.Toturnthe
audibletone
off,press
thenote keyonthe
keyboard
once. Thenotedisplay
willturnoff. Toturnitback
on,press thenote
key
again. Thisdoesnot
change any
alarmsettings,itmerelyturnsthesound
off.
FEET-FATHOMS-METERS
TheX-40can
display
the
depth in
eitherfeet,fathoms, ormeters. At
first,the
displayreads in feet. To change itto
fathomsormeters,press2nd, FT/FA/M.
Amenu appears withthecurrentmode
highlighted. Use the arrow keys inthe
zonealarmsection
toswitchtometersor
fathoms. PresstheCLEAR
key
to
activate
theselection orwaitseveralsecondsfor
the
menutodisappear. TheX-40 revertsto
feetwhenft's
turnedoff.
10th
SENSTI7ITY pressingakeyanditwill
automatically erase.
Toviewthe
8CClevelwithout
changing it, simplypress2nd, 8CC.
Toturn8CC
off,press0,2nd, 8CCorCLEAR,
2nd,8CC.
I2ND] 9 t FT/FA/Il
off.
DIGITAL BO1TOM
DEPTH' —
C
14
I TO CHTh.;E
PRESS
— E4LARN
- 1• OR 1..
FOR NO
-. CHANCE
F'F:ESS
C!.EAR
0
16 21
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Discrimination desired, (0through10). Then presstheDISC key. There
shouldbeanimmediatechange inthenoisedisplayed
onthescreen.
Turn Discriminationoff
bypressing 0,DISCorCLEAR,DISC.
ToviewtheDiscriminationsettingwithoutchanging it, press
the
[2'1 I Sec I
SURFACECLARITYCONTROL
Themarkings --or noise—at the
topof thedisplaycan attimesextend
many
feetbelowthesurface. Thiscan
interferewithfishsignals
orothertargets.
These
markingsare SurfaceClutterand
arecausedby wave
action, boat wakes,
bait fish, temperature Inversions, and
otherreasons.
SCChastenleveisofadjustment. TurningtheX-40onautomati-
cailysets SCCtolevel 1. Tochange toadifferent ievel, simply
entera
numberfrom0to10, thenpress 2nd, SOCor
simplypress
2nd, SCC.The
SCCmenuappearswiththelevelofSCCcurrently
in
use. Usethearrow
keysinthe
keyboard'szonealarmsectiontoincreaseordecreasetheSOC
levei.PresstheCLEAR
keyto
erasethemenuorwaitseveraisecondsafter
20
1e'L1.W .t&'
SHALWW Al I
SET t I
ZONEALARM T DISPLAY __________________
TosettheZone
Alarm,press
the ____________
SHALLOW
SET
key
intheZONE
ALARM
section
ofthe
keyboard. Theletters
"ZN'
displayin theiower ieft corner ofthe
screen. Averticalbaralso displays on
theleftsideofthescreenfor
sixseconds.
ThisistheZoneAlarm's "window."
Any
echothat
appearson
the
right
sideofthe
screen between thetopandbottomof
thisbarwillsoundtheaiarm. Adjust
both
theshallowand deep endsof
thisbarto
make a smaller or larger alarm "win-
dow."
To adjust the shallow (top)
alarm, press the SHALLOWSET key.
Theletters"ZN'
display
onthescreen.A
verticalbaralsodisplays onthefarleft
side of thescreen. This is the zone
alarm's
"window".Anyechothat
appearsbetween
the
top
andbottomof
thisbarwillsound
thealarm. To
adjustthetop
ofthebar
pressthe up
arrow
keyto
movethetop
ofthe
alarmwindowup, orthe
downarrow
keyto
move
the
top
of
thebar
deeper.The longeryou
holdthearrow
key,
thefasterthe
end ofthezone alarmbarwill travel. Releasethekeyand insixseconds
thezone
alarmbarwill
disappear. However,
thezonealarm isstillactivated
as
you
cansee
by
theletters"ZA"inthelower
portion
ofthescreen.
The
bottomofthezonealarmbaris
adjusted inthesamemanner.
Justpress the
DEEPSET
key
first,
thenthearrow
keys
toset
thebottomof
b thebartothedesired depth.
If
youwishtoviewthezone
alarm barcontinuously, press 2nd,
DISPLAY.Toturnitoff,
press 2nd,DISPLAY
again. Thiswon'taffectthe
zone alarmsettings. Itdoesn'tturnthealarmoff,
just
thealarmbar.
Whenthezonealarmis
triggeredbyanecho,thealarm
willsound
and thewordsZONEALMwillappearonthe display.
Iftherange ischanged,thezone
alarmsettingsmayneedtobe
changed
also,since
they
don'ttracktherangesettings.
17
DISCkey.
________________ ii)
sr:.Ns 1.'t/lT'-!:,._ —
L TO CHANGE
PRESS
TUFt
I ECL IHI
r.
r
ZONE ALII
;• )'[
8
H
Use Surface Clarity Control
(SCC) to reduce or eliminate surface
clutter. SOCvaries the gainofthere-
ceiver between each transmit pulse,
whilethe receiver is "listening" forthe
returnechoes. The
gain
isthelowestfor
echoesnear
thesurface. Itgradually
increases asthedepthincreases. The
maximum depth thatSOC will affectis
one-halfoftheselected
depthrange. For
example, withmaximumSCC,ona0to
60footrange, SCC
wouldhaveaneffect
fromthesurfaceto30feet.
-4 THERE FWE
10 LE"EL3
OF 'ECC
0 IURh.E'
OFF 9CC
TO CHANGE
4 3CC PRESS
0-10 ZND
FOR NO
CHHt4CE
PRESS
CLEAR
F
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TotumtheZoneAlarm
off,pressCLEAR,SHALLOWSET
orDEEP
SET. AlloftheZoneAlarmsettings willremainin
memory
untiltheX-40is
turnedoff. Pressingeithershallowordeep set
keyswill
turntheZoneAlarrn
backonwiththe
previous settings.
I DIGITAL ISHAU.OW DIEP
DEPTHALARM. ALARM ALARM
The
depth
alarm isactuallytwoalarms. Theshallowalarmgives
awarningwhenyou're
inwatershallowerthanthealarm set
point. Thedeep
alarmgivesa
warning
inwaterator
deeper
than
thealarm set
point. The
bottomsignalistheonly
echothatwilltriggereither theshallowor
deep
alarm.
NOTE:Inordertousethe
depthalarms,eitherthe digital
orautomaticmust
beon.
Selling
both
theshallowand
deepalarmsatthesametimeallows
a"window"tobepositioned betweenthesurface and
thebottom. Ifthe
boat
goes
Intowater
thatisshallowerthantheshallow
alarm's
selling,the
alarmwill
sound.Adifferenttonewillsoundifthebottomgoesdeeperthan
thedeepalarm setting. Thismakes a useful anchorwatch. Itisalso
convenient when
navigatingthrough
a
channel.
Tousetheshallow alarm,enterthe
desired depthonthe10-key
pad,
then
pressthe
SHALLOWALARM
key. Forexample,tosettheshallow
alarmto15feet,press1
,5,SHALLOW
ALARM.Thenumber15displayson
thescreenasit's
entered,thendisappears. The letters"DA"
appear
inthe
lower
portion
of
thescreentoindicateitisactivated. Nowifthe
boatmoves
intowaterfifteenfeet deepor less, thealarm willsoundand thewords
"SHALALM"willflashonthe
display.
Thedeep alarm isused inthesame manner. Enterthedesired
depth,then pressthe
DEEPALARM
key.Forexample,tosetthedeepalarm
to50feet, press
5,0,DEEPALARM. Iftheboat movesintowater50feet
deep
ordeeper,thealarmwillsound. Thewords"DEEP ALM"alsoflash
onthe
display.
Toviewthe settings oftheshallowordeep alarms, press the
SHALLOWALARMor DEEPALARM
keys.
Toturneachalarm off, press0, SHALLOWALARM or0,DEEP
ALARM.TheCLEAR
key
can
beused
in
place
ofthe0key,ifdesired. Ifboth
shallowand
deep
alarms
areturned
off,
theletters"DA"willdisappearfrom
the
display.
b
IflND1 FAUTÔ1
LIGHT J LIGHT J
AlightIsallows
operationoftheX-40atnight. At first,turning
the
unitoncausesthelightstoflashforsixseconds.Pressthe2nd, UGHTkeys
andthe
lights
willstay on. Toturnthe
lightsoff,pressthe
2nd,
LIGHTkeys
again. The lights
willalsogo
outwhentheX-40isturned off.
DISCRIMINATION Lm]
Unwanted noiseonthe displayis a fairlycommoncomplaint.
Noise isanyundesiredsignal. Itcanbecausedbyeitheranelectrical or
acoustic
source,oracombination ofthetwo. Inbothcases,thenoisecan
produce
unwantedmarksonthe
display.
The
X-40hasDiscriminationwhichiseffectiveIn
combating
noise
signals. It processes allincoming echoesfromthe
receiver,determines
whichonesare noise
andeliminatesthem, displaying onlythe
legitimate
echoes. Discrimination hasten levels -0
through 10. 0isoff, 10isthe
highestlevel. TurningtheX-4oonautomaticallysets Discriminationtolevel
1. If too much noise is present on the display, press the level of
DIscRIMINATIoN:PROPERSEllING
¼_.
—H
ii
DIscRIMINATIoN:
OFF
Nsfl-fv1Ty-—-—--—-.
18 19
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