Lumel KD8 User manual

SCREEN RECORDER
KD8
USER'S MANUAL

2
CONTENTS
1.
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………….………...
4
1.1
Recorder applications ..................................................................................…...
4
1.2
Recorder features ......................................................................................……...
4
2.
GENERAL INFORMATION.............................................................................….
5
2.1
Warning and information signs ..................................................................……...
5
2.2
Safety of service ...................................................................................…..……..
5
2.2.1
Remarks concerning the recorder installation...........................................…....…
5
2.2.2
Precautions in the scope of ESD protection……………………………………..….
6
3.
RECORDER PREPARATION TO WORK......................................................…..
7
3.1
Unpacking ...............................................................................................…….….
7
3.2
Installation in a panel ……................................................................................…
8
3.3
Operating conditions of the recorder…….........................................................…
8
4.
RECORDER CONSTRUCTION……....................................................................
9
4.1
LCD screen with touch panel …….................................................................…..
9
4.2
CompactFlash memory card, USB interface, LED diode................................…..
10
4.3
Terminal plate ..............................................................................................…….
11
4.3.1
Connection of analog signals…….. .................. .............................................….
12
4.3.1.1
Programmable measuring inputs AI 1..6 .................................................….....
12
4.3.1.2
Alarms AL 1...12 and binary inputs BI 1..8 ..........................................…
13
4.3.1.3
Interfaces RS485 Modbus Slave)........................................................................
13
4.3.2
Recorder supply (a.c. or d.c.) ....................................................................…...…
14
5.
GRAPHICAL SIGNS ON THE RECORDER SCREEN ……….......................….
14
5.1
Status bar ............................................................................................................
14
5.2
Measuring views…............................................................................................…
14
5.3
Service menu .......................................................................................................
15
5.4
Information messages. …. ..................................................................................
15
5.5
Dialogues..............................................................................................................
16
6.
STARTING THE RECORDER..........................................................................…
16
6.1
Context menu …………………………………………………………………............
17
6.2
Entry into the recorder parameter configuration , “KD8 control panel “ windows
19
7.
CONFIGURING THE RECORDER................................................………….……
20
7.1
General settings ........................................................................................………
20
7.2
Modbus Slave configuration.................................................................................
21
7.3
KD8 security.........................................................................................................
22
7.4
System information .........................................................................................…
23
7.5
CF Card……………………………………………………………………………….
24
7.6
Configuration, visualization and archiving of the channel group………………….
24
7.7
Analog and binary inputs ….. ..............................................................................
26
7.7.1
Programming analog inputs AL1…AL16 ………………………………………….
26
7.7.2
Alarm (A1 i A2) in analog input configuration…………..…………………………..
31
7.7.3
Binary input BI1..BI8 configuration ………………...........................................…..
35
7.7.4
Common parameters for binary inputs ………………….……….…………………
36
7.8
Programming of measuring groups ……………….………………………………
36
7.8.1
Programming of group parameters……………………………………………….
36
7.8.2
Digital view of the channel group……………………………………………………..
39
7.8.3
Linear chart of the channel group………………………………...………………….
40
7.8.4
View of the channel group in the bargraph form………………….……………….
42
7.8.5
Analog view of the channel group......................…………………..……………....
43
7.8.6
Statistic view of the channel group………………………………….……………….
44
7.8.7
Enabling/disabling the automatic screen switching.................................………
45
7.9
Zoom scale function of the signal (measuring magnifier)………………….…….
46
7.10
Selection of the data file format (digital signature)…………………….…………..
47
7.11
Edition of the user’s name and access password for settings……………….……
48

3
7.12
Event logs…………………………………………...…………………………………….
48
7.12.1
Review and service of event logs............................................................................
49
7.12.2
Programming of event logs……………………………………………………………...
50
7.13
Edition of user’s messages……………………………………………………………...
51
7.14
Exit from the recorder configuration….…………………….………………….……....
53
8.
SELECTED ELEMENTS OF THE RECORDER CURRENT SERVICE..................
54
8.1
CompactFlash memory card ……...................................................................…….
54
8.1.1
Information about the CF memory card...................................................................
54
8.1.2
Formatting the CF card.....................................................................................……
54
8.1.3
Data storage on the CF card (card storage capacity)……………………..........…...
55
8.1.4
Visualization of the CF card state on the screen …….........................................…
57
8.1.5
Review and erasing of files from the CF card..........................................................
57
8.1.6
Removal/replacement of the CF card, storage of archive data……………............
58
8.2
Review of archived data ………………………………………………………………..
59
8.3
Calibration of the touch screen ………………………………………………………..
60
8.4
Updating of the recorder software ……………………………………………………..
61
8.5
Service of data stored on the CF card, visualization ………………………………...
62
9.
PROGRAMS ON PC.........................................................................……...............
63
9.1
KD Connect program.............................................................................................
63
9.1.1
Installation of drivers for the KD8 recorder .........................................................…
63
9.1.2
Installation of the KD Connect program ............................................................….
64
9.1.3
Program service.......................................................................................................
65
9.2
KD8 Setup program.................................................................................................
69
9.2.1
Installation................................................................................................................
69
9.2.2
Program service…………………………………………………………………………..
69
9.3
KD Check program ……..........................................................................................
71
9.4
KD Archive program………………………………………………………………..…….
72
10.
TECHNICAL DATA ................................................................................................
73
11.
ORDER CODES............................................................................……...........…….
76
12.
MAINTENANCE AND GUARANTEE…………….……….…………………………..
77

4
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 RECORDER APPLICATIONS
The KD8 screen recorder is applied as a data acquisition station in measuring and control systems.
It finds application to measure, visualize and supervise technical process parameters in various
industrial branches, e.g. pharmacy, food, chemical and papermaking industries.
It can be also used as an autonomous measuring and recording device.
The KD8 screen recorder is adapted to measure voltage, current, temperature, resistance changes
and other quantities converted into a signal or electrical parameter. All processes suitable for a
measuring system can be realized in this recorder: measurement of input signals and their
conversion, visualization and archiving of data, signalling and communication with the
environment.
Converted measuring data are stored in the internal memory and on the CompacFlash card.
1.2. RECORDER FEATURES
▪ LCD TFT 5.7” colour screen, 320 x 240 pixels, with a touch panel for the recorder service,
▪ Exchangeable CompactFlash external memory card with capacity from 16 MB up to 4 GB,
▪ Communication interfaces: USB 1.1 Device, RS-485 Modbus Slave,
▪ Measuring inputs for the direct connection of thermocouples, voltage, current and resistance,
▪ Alarms, binary inputs,
▪ Operator messages,
▪ Digital signature for archived data, stored in text or binary format,
▪ Linearization of sensor characteristics,
▪ Programmable current, voltage and resistance inputs,
▪ Copying of parameter setting between channels,
▪ Programming of recorder parameters,
▪ Programming of screens and choice of screen configurations,
▪ Storage of data in the internal 6 MB buffer with data support (for before damage and after
damage states)
▪ Determination of the set of data for the current exposition on the screen,
Choice of the time zone, automatic change of summer/winter time.
Note: The updating of the KD8 recorder software is accessible on the page:
http://www.lumel.com.pl

5
2. GENERAL INFORMATION
2.1 Warning and information signs
One or more of presented symbols can be used in the recorder.
Caution: one must pay attention to the description in the
recorder user’s manual.
Terminal of the protection lead
Earth terminal
Protection of sensitive electrostatic systems (ESD)
2.2 Safety of service
The KD8 recorder fulfils requirements related to safety of electrical measuring instruments for
automation, acc. to EN 61010-1 standard and requirements concerning the resistance against
interference occurring in industrial environment acc. to EN 61000-6-2 and EN 61000-6-4 standards.
The connection of supply, communication interfaces and measuring signals, and the use of
equipment inconsistent with the description included in the present user’s manual and standards as
above can cause serious weakening of the recorder protection against interference.
A switch or a circuit - breaker should be located near the device, easy accessible by the
operator and suitable marked.
2.2.1 Remarks concerning the recorder installation
Various sources of interference occurring in practice interact with the recorder in a continuous
or impulse way from the supply network side (as the result of the action of other devices) and also
overlap on the measured signal or auxiliary circuits of the recorder.
In particular, strong impulse interference is dangerous for the operation of devices since they
can cause sporadic erroneous measurement results or accidental operations of alarms, despite of the
use of suitable filters in the recorder. The level of this interference should be reduced to a value
lower than the resistance threshold of the recorder, first of all through a suitable installation of the
recorder in the object.
In this scope, it is recommended to observe following recommendations:
Do not supply recorders from networks near devices generating high impulse interference in the
supply network and do not use common grounding circuits with them,
Use network filters for the group of recorders servicing the same object,

6
Use metallic shields in the shape of tubes or braids to lead supplying wires (phase, zero), in
which one can also lead the earth conductor and eventually network wires supplying contacts
of alarm relays of the given recorder,
Lead individually connections of binary input circuits in shields as above, by means of twisted
wires,
Lead individually connections of communication interface circuits in shields as above and by
means of twisted wires,
Wires leading measuring signals for each measuring recorder channel should be twisted in pairs,
and for resistance sensors in 3-wire connection, twisted of wires of the same length, cross-
section and resistance, and led in shields as above. Wires leading measuring signals to the same
recorder can be led in the same shield ( if it is possible),
All shields should be earthed unilaterally near the recorder,
One must avoid a common earth conductor with other devices,
Apply the general principle, that wires (group of wires) leading different signals should be led in
the longest possible distance between them and crossings of such groups of wires made at a 90°
angle,
Set on the supply cable (near the recorder) a ferrite filter STAR-TEC 74271132 being in the
recorder accessory set.
One must remember that in the building installation a switch or a circuit-breaker should be
installed near the recorder, easy accessible by the operator and suitably marked.
Before removing the recorder housing, one must switch the supply off and disconnect measuring
circuits.
All operations concerning installation, commissioning as well as maintenance must be carried
out by qualified skilled personnel, and national regulations for the prevention of accidents must
be observed.
Protections ensuring the recorder safety may be less effective in case of an exploitation contrary
with producer's indications and principles of a good engineering practice.
2.2.2. Precautions in the scope of ESD protection
Semiconductor elements or packages used in the recorder design and marked with the sign as
above, can become damaged in result of electrostatic discharges (ESD).
In order to prevent this, one must observe following recommendations during service works.
Disassemble instruments only in the area protected against electrostatic discharges,
Use conductive materials to dissipate electrostatic charges in the working area,
Use only anti electrostatic packings to store electronic elements and packages,
Do not touch elements and packages with hands,
Do not keep materials susceptible to generate electrostatic charges in the working area.
CAUTION: Repairs and modifications in the recorder equipment
shoul should be carried out by authorized service workshops
or with the manufacturer.

7
3. RECORDER PREPARATION TO WORK
The recorder with accessories is delivered in packing fulfilling requirements of environment
protection regulations.
The recorder in the packing can be transported and stored in the temperature:
-20 ....+60ºC (-4 ...140ºF).
3.1 Unpacking
Taking the KD8 recorder out from the shipping packing
The data plate with the version code, factory number and supply parameters are placed on the
recorder housing. Before unpacking, check the conformity of the recorder version with the order.
Take recorder accessories out from the packing.
1. User’s manual (printed version or on a CD disk) 1 pc
2. 4 GB CF memory card 1 pc
3. Mounting brackets 4 pcs
4. Ferrite core 1 pc
5. USB cable 1.8m (shielded) 1 pc
6. Seal (KD8 housing–panel) 1 pc
7. Set of plugs 1) 1 set
8. CDR disk 2) 1 pc
3
LUMEL S.A.
5
1
6
7
4
8
9
10
2

8
9. Current test links 3 or 6 pcs
10. Keys 2 pcs
11. Guarantee card 1 pc
1) The set is accommodated to the ordered recorder version
2) Following documents are recorded on the CDR: user’s manual of the KD8 recorder,
KD CONNECT program for the communication with KD8 through the USB interface,
KD CHECK program to check the digital signature in archive files, USB drivers for the KD8
recorder and, according to the order version, KD8 SETUP and KD ARCHIVE programs with
user’s manuals to service these programs.
3.2 Installation in a panel
Put the seal from standard accessories on the housing (see section 3.1.). After mounting the
recorder into the panel, the seal protects the part behind the panel against the influence of risks
appearing from the frontal part of the panel, resulting from the IP65 protection degree.
The recorder is fixed to the panel by means of four screwed mounting brackets from the
recorder accessories (see section 3.1.).
Basic fixing and panel cut-out dimensions are presented above.
3.3. Operating conditions of the recorder
The recorder can work at ambient temperature: 0...+50ºC (32 ...122ºF) and max.75% of relative
air humidity without condensation.

9
4. RECORDER CONSTRUCTION
4.1. LCD screen with touch screen
For the visualization of measuring data and the configuration of recorder parameters, an
LCD TFT 5,7” graphical screen integrated with the touch screen is applied.
All elements of the user’s interface (windows, icons, buttons) have dimensions adapted to be
serviced by fingers –they do not require special tools.
After installing the recorder into the panel, remove the foil protecting the external flexible
layer of the touch screen from the LCD screen.
Considering the sensibility of the touch screen to dirt and external damages of its surface
and the substrate, one must observe following recommendations:
- protect against surges, they can damage the external surface or the glass substrate of the touch
screen,
Housing
Mounting
brackets to fix
the recorder in
the panel
Power
pack
Measuring
systems
Alarms, binary inputs
LCD
screen
Door with lock
(access to CF card
and USB)
LED diode
Substrate
(glass)
External layer
topco

10
- protect against fluids, grease and aggressive chemical agents,
- touch only with fingers; do not use hard and sharp objects which can damage the flexible
surface of the touch screen,
- clean softly with a cotton cloth impregnated with a detergent destined to clean LCD monitors
(not containing alcohol, petrol or ammonia ) or by using water with soap,
- observe the given temperature range of the recorder operation.
Since there is the possibility of a memory effect symptom occurrence on screens of LCD type (after
a prolonged display of a constant figure), the blanking of the screen after a 15-minute continuous
work is set in the recorder as a standard, without touching the screen.
The renewed activation of the screen follows after touching it.
The blanking time can be changed or this function can be disabled (see section 7.1)
4.2. CompactFlash memory card, USB interface, LED diode
A CompactFlash card with capacity up to 4 GB may be used for the measuring data storage in the
KD8 recorder.
It is recommended to apply CF cards produced by SanDisk company, in the recorder.
Current measuring data, archive data and recorder configuration files are stored on the CF card.
Frontal view of the recorder after opening the door
One can upload data stored on the CF card to a PC and record or erase files on the CF card
through the USB interface.
Door with
lock and seal
CF card
Ejector of CF
card
USB
socket
USB cable
LED diode

11
To connect the computer to the recorder through USB socket, use delivered in standard
accessories, the shielded USB AM-BM cable of 1.8 m long or another similar one of 5 m long (the
USB bus operates correctly without amplification at the distance up to 5 m).
In order that the KD8 recorder was seen in a PC with MS Windows operating system and
serviced through USB, one must install drivers and the KD Connect program from the delivered
CDR being in the recorder accessories (for description and program installation (see section 9.1 ) .
The LED diode placed on the left side of the door signals the recorder operating conditions:
Green colour of the diode –the recorder is set working, normal operating conditions
Red colour of the diode –signals the storage of data on CompactFlash
memory card. In these operating conditions,
one must not take out the card from the seat
risk of loss of measuring data!
4.3 Terminal plate
Programmable, universal
measuring channels
Alarms, binary inputs
Link for
current Suplly a.c.or d.c.
range (AI 1)
Temperature
sensor
Link for
current
range (AI 6)
Interface RS485

12
Symbol of terminal
group
Terminal description
1
Connecting sockets of measuring packages (AI 1..6 )
- 3 or 6 measuring programmable inputs.
2 i 3
Connecting sockets for alarm packages ( AL 1..12 ) and binary
inputs (BI 1..8)
(6 / 12 electromechanical relays and 4 / 8 binary inputs)
L, N, PE
L+,L-,
Connecting sockets for supply voltage:
90...230...253 Va.c. or 18...24...30 V d.c..
RS485
Interface RS485
Functional earth terminals ( to connect screens from signaling
wires)
4.3.1 Connection of analog signals
4.3.1.1 Programmable measuring inputs AI 1..6
Connection of voltage Connection of current Connection of
source source thermocouple TC
Two-wire connection:
- Resistance thermometer RTD - Resistance transmitter
Note: the balancing resistance R should have a resistance equal to the total resistance of both
connecting wires of RTD and transmitter with terminals
Three-wire connection:
- Resistance thermometer RTD - Resistance transmitter - Potentiometric transmitter
Note: wires connecting RTD with terminals 2 and 3 should have the same resistance

13
Table 1, Thermocouples : Colour codes
Type of
thermo-
couple
Material
British
standard
BS
USA
standard
ASTM
German
standard
DIN
French
standard
NFE
International
standard
IEC 584-3
T
Cu-CuNi
+ white
- blue
* blue
+ blue
- red
* blue
+ red
- brown
* brown
+ yellow
-blue
* blue
+ brown
- white
* blue
J
Fe-CuNi
+ yellow
- blue
* black
+ white
- red
* black
+ red
-blue
* blue
+ yellow
- grey
* grey
+ black
- white
* blue
K
NiCr-NiAl
+ brown
-blue
* red
+ yellow
- red
* yellow
+ red
-green
* green
+ yellow
- purplish red
* yellow
+ green
- white
* blue
R
S
Pt-Rh13Pt
Pt-Ph10Pt
+ white
-blue
* green
+ black
- red
* green
+ red
-white
* white
+ yellow
-green
* green
+ orange
- white
* blue
B
Pt-Ph30Pt
Use
copper
wires
+ grey
- red
* grey
+ red
-grey
* grey
Use
copper
wires
N
NiCrSi-
NiSi
+ orange
-blue
* orange
+ orange.
- red
* brown
+ orange
- red
* brown
+ orange
- red
* brown
+ pink
- white
* blue
E
NiCr-CuNi
+ brown
-blue
* brown
+ brown
- red
* brown
+ red
- grey
* grey
+ yellow
- purple
* purple
+ brown
- white
* blue
4.3.1.2 Alarms AL 1..32 and binary inputs BI 1..16
- Connection to terminals of the alarm system with electromechanical relays AL1..12
Alarms with electromechanical relays (REL.) are available
with normally open contacts (NO), (see section 11: Order
codes).
.
- Connection of the control signal to terminals of the binary input system BI 1..8
Binary inputs BI1..8 are controlled by a
signal:
0 V d.c. –inactive binary input or
+ 5… 24 V d.c. – active binary input.
4.3.1.3 Interface RS485 (Modbus Slave)
The RS-485 interface enables the readout of analog input values, binary
inputs and the state of alarms from the recorder.

14
4.3.2 Recorder supply (AC or DC)
5. GRAPHICAL SIGNS ON THE RECORDER SCREEN
5.1 Status bar
5.2. Measuring views
Range overflow in the channel over the
upper limit, alarm state in the channel.
Range overflow in the channel under the
lower limit
Signaling of the alarm occurrence in the
recorder.
Caution: The recorder must be earthed
or zeroed.
The CF card in the recorder is partially filled
Information about the opening possibility of
the Context Menu, by the screen pressure in
any place.
Name of the group of logic
channels opened on the screen
Lack of CF card in the
recorder
Exceeded of 90% capacity
of the CF card
Review of archived data
Alarm in the recorder
Date
Time
The automatic switching
of screens is enabled

15
5.3.Service menu
Selection approval, introduction of changes.
Cancellation without introduction of changes
Buttons for global navigation
Buttons for navigation on accessible options
Buttons for global copying of settings
between menu windows
Introduction of a number or a character
string.
Option selection from the list or the dialogue
Context help
5.4. Information messages
Warning
Symbol of error occurrence
Request
Information icon

16
5.5. Dialogues
- Selection:
Single: Multiple:
- Introduction of numbers
- Introduction of a character string (small and capital letters, numbers and special characters,
password)
Small and capital letters
Numbers and special characters: Password (replaced by dots):
6. STARTING THE RECORDER
After connecting the supply, the start screen appears with the producer’s logo.
The logo is displayed during the time necessary for the initialization of recorder processes.
Next, the screen of data visualization appears, which was displayed at the last recorder
disconnection from the network.
Touching the screen in any place brings the Context Menu up.

17
Symbol informing about the
possibility to open the
Context Menu , by touching
the screen in any place.
6.1 Context Menu
After pressing the screen by a finger (during the visualization of the measuring data) the Context
Menu is displayed.
In the standard option, the basic set of functions necessary for the current service of the KD8
recorder is accessible in the menu.
Selection for the edition of the next group from programmed
measuring groups on the screen.
One can edit up to 2 measuring groups in the recorder. In each group, one can program up to 6
channels, from accessible 3 or 6 analog channels and 4 or 8 binary inputs, in the recorder.
Programming of group parameters (see section 7.8)
`
Switching of successive screens in the selected measuring group.
Programmed channels in the given group can be visualized in the following shapes: digital view,
linear trend, bargraphs, analog meters and statistic screen.
Description and programming of visualization parameters see sections 7.8.2…7.8.6.
Hiding the
context menu

18
Switching of the alarm and the audit log view.
Information concerning events occurring during the recorder work is stored in logs
(see section 7.12)
Caution: After exceeding the log capacity, the oldest events are overwritten in the view.
Opening of the service options accessible for the selected screen
type.
The window with systemic information from the KD8 control panel is accessible from the context
menu.
Opening of the system information window from the control panel.
Following options are accessible for screens: digital, bargraphs, analog, and statistic.
-turn on/off the switching of screens (automatic switching), see section 7.8.7,
-recording of archive data on CF, see section.8.1.3,
-removal of the CF card, see section 8.1.6,
-confirmation of alarms, see section 7.7.2
- operator’s messages, see section 7.13
Following options are accessible for the linear screen:
-time scale (for the screen),
-visualized signals,
-zoom signals, see section 7.9,
-transition to the archive mode, see section 8.2,
-turning on/off the switching of screen, see section 7.8.7,
-storage of archive data on CF, see section 8.1.6,
-removal of the CF card, see section 8.1.6.
-confirmation of alarms, see section 7.7.2
- operator’s messages, see section 7.13
For each logs (alarms and audits) following options are accessible:
- Reset this log / Reset all logs / Filter by groups…
- Confirmation of alarms, see section 8.5.2
Opening of the KD8 Control Panel window with programming
options of the recorder KD8 parameters.
- transition to the configuration of recorder parameters in the “KD8 Control Panel “window,
see section 6.2.

19
6.2. Entry into the recorder parameter configuration, “KD8 Control Panel” window
In order to enter the recorder configuration, one must select the KD8 Control Panel symbol in the
Context Menu:
The window of the user’s selection appears, which will carry out the given configuration.
At first start, there is only the Administrator user.
The logging follows without the password, after
approving the window.
The Administrator after entering the
KD8 Control Panel can edit the user’s settings.
Next, one must choose the kind of the recorder
parameter configuration in the Configuration window.
Default Configuration –They are factory settings or given requirements concerning
individual recorder settings.
Edit current configuration –During the first start, it is the default configuration,
at next starts, the changed configuration by the user in the
KD8 Control Panel (see section 6.2).
Open configuration from file –Configuration can be loaded form a file that’s on the
CompactFlash card.
Information is displayed when selecting a file of
another hardware configuration from the recorder
After accepting, the configuration file is converted
and read in the recorder.
Entering the recorder
configuration

20
The KD8 Control Panel appears.
It is the initial point for carrying out the full
configuration of the KD8 recorder.
7. CONFIGURING THE RECORDER
The KD8 Control Panel is the window in which we obtain the direct access to the KD8
operating menu:
- general settings of the recorder, see section 7.1
-configuration of channels, see section 7.7
-configuration of alarms A1 and A2 in analog measuring channels, see section 7.6.
-setting of visualization and archiving parameters, see section 7.6
-configuration of event logs (alarms and audits), see section 7.12
-setting of RS485 interface parameters, see section 7.2,
-service of the CF card, review of files, see section 8.1
-read out of information about the recorder, see section 7.4
-setting of access principles to recorder configuration changes , see section 7.3
Note:1. In descriptions of the KD8 Control Panel menu, exemplary data are written in italics.
2. During the recorder configuration, the measurement and data storage is carried according to
existing settings. When we enter new settings, after accepting changes, a break in storage,
initialization of changes and starting of recording with new data follows. Only in case of the date
change, the change is immediately introduced and the storage lasts acc. to the new setting.
7.1 General settings
After pressing the icon,
the configuration of general parameters is
displayed: recorder description, selection of
the menu language, setting of the date and time,
selection of the temperature unit, capacity of the
event log (audits), time of screen blanking, setting
of screen brightness. The procedure of the touch
screen calibration is also accessible (see section 7.1).
Other manuals for KD8
2
Table of contents
Other Lumel Voice Recorder manuals