Luna T-Ray 5000 User manual

T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit User Manual
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User Manual
Where technology & solutions meet
T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit
TCU56yz

T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit User Manual
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PATENTS AND LICENSES
Title
Number
Licensee
A Dispersive Precompensator for use in
Electromagnetic Radiation Generation and
Detection
6,320,191
N/A
Systems and Methods for Processing and
Analyzing Terahertz Waveforms
5,939,721
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
Terahertz Generators and Detectors
5,729,017
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
Optical Systems Employing Terahertz Radiation
5,789,750
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
Method and Apparatus for Terahertz Imaging
5,623,145
5,710,430
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
Near Field Terahertz Imaging
5,894,125
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
Method and Apparatus for Terahertz
Tomographic Imaging
6,017,047
Lucent
Technologies, Inc.
System and method reducing fiber stretch
induced timing errors in fiber optic coupled time
domain terahertz systems
8,436,310B2
N/A

T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit User Manual
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DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY
Luna Innovations warrants this instrument, the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit, to be free from
defects in material and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of purchase. If
the system is found to be defective during the warranty period, the system will be either
repaired or replaced at the option of Luna Innovations. Warranty includes parts and labor
for the periods stated. Defective equipment is to be returned to Luna Innovations.
Customer will pay all travel expenses related to an on-site service request.
To exercise this warranty, contact Luna Innovations at [e-mail] to get a
Return Merchandise Authorization Number (RMA#). You will be given prompt assistance
and return instructions for the defective portion(s) of the instrument. On-site service is not
included in this warranty. Repaired or replaced instruments are warranted for the balance
of the original warranty, or at least 90 days.
Copyright © Luna Innovations 2023. All Rights reserved.
1845 Century Place Atlanta, GA, USA
T-Ray, T-Ray 4000 and T-Gauge are registered trademarks of Luna Innovations

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WARNINGS
The following safety indicators are used in this manual:
This indicates hazards that could result in personal injury.
Refer to the user manual for additional instructions on safe
operation of this equipment.
This symbol indicates abnormal operation that could damage the
instrument. If this instrument is not used as specified, the
protection provided by the equipment could be impaired. This
instrument must only be used in a normal condition.
This symbol indicates a laser beam is projected out of the Laser
Apertures on the TCU. Refer to the Laser Safety Section for
proper laser safety precautions.
Under certain circumstances, there may be dangerous voltages
present within the device, even if the device is disconnected
from the main line supply. Only trained personnel should service
this device.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 General Information.......................................................................................... 7
2 Safety .................................................................................................................. 8
2.1 Laser Safety .....................................................................................................................................9
2.1.1 Safety Instructions and Warnings .............................................................................. 9
2.1.2 Laser Product Safety ................................................................................................. 9
2.1.3 Safety Labels ........................................................................................................... 10
2.2 Electrical safety ...........................................................................................................................19
2.2.1 Grounding the T-GaugeÒ Control Unit ..................................................................... 19
2.2.2 Power Source .......................................................................................................... 20
2.2.3 Electrical Overload ................................................................................................... 20
2.2.4 Use the Proper Power Cable ................................................................................... 20
2.2.5 Use the Proper Fuse ................................................................................................ 20
2.2.6 Do Not Remove Covers or Panels ........................................................................... 20
2.2.7 Do Not Operate in Explosive Atmospheres ............................................................. 21
3 TCU Functionality............................................................................................21
3.1 Detailed Specifications.............................................................................................................23
4 Connecting the TCU ........................................................................................25
4.1 Indicators .......................................................................................................................................26
4.1.1 Power/Status LED ................................................................................................... 26
4.1.2 Laser Emission LED ................................................................................................ 26
4.2 Ethernet ..........................................................................................................................................26
4.3 Accessing THE internal computer .......................................................................................26
4.4 Encoders ........................................................................................................................................27
4.5 Digital Inputs and Outputs .....................................................................................................29
4.5.1 Digital inputs ............................................................................................................ 29
4.5.2 Digital Outputs ......................................................................................................... 32
4.6 Umbilical connection ................................................................................................................34
4.7 Mechanical Adjustments .........................................................................................................35
5 Installation and Preparation for Use ............................................................35
6 Service Information.........................................................................................36
6.1 Summary .......................................................................................................................................36
7 Contact Us ........................................................................................................36

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GLOSSARY
THz ..................................................................................................................................................... Terahertz
TD .............................................................................................................................................Time-Domain
FFT ......................................................................................................................... Fast Fourier Transform
TCU ...........................................................................................................................Terahertz Control Unit
ToF ............................................................................................................................................ Time-of-Flight
ps ............................................................................................picoseconds (10-12 seconds)
fs ......................................................................................... femtoseconds (10-15 seconds)
RI ........................................................................................................................................Refractive Index
GbE ....................................................................................................................................... Gigabit Ethernet
QCS ......................................................................................................................... Quality Control System
SBC ........................................................................................................................ Single Board Computer
FC/APC ........................................................ FC Fiber Connector / Angled Physical Contact
SC/APC SC Fiber Connector / Angled Physical Contact
FWHM ........................................................................................ Full Width at Half Maximum

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1 GENERAL INFORMATION
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit (TCU) is the central component of the Luna Innovations
family of products and serves the following functions:
• Sources the optical and electrical signals necessary to generate and detect terahertz
(THz) pulses if the TCU is connected to THz accessories
• Transforms analog data into a digital signal that can be analyzed using the onboard
processor
• Analyzes the THz waveform to produce physical measurements of products or
samples
The TCU is a 19-inch (483 mm) rack, wall, or table mountable instrument, consisting of an
ultrafast laser, high-speed optical delay, ranging optical delay, power supplies, signal
conditioning electronics and connectors for convenient interfacing to various optical and
electronic components. The high-speed delay included in the TCU can be chosen from a
number of delay length and speed options. A partial list of possible options includes:
• 320 ps delay with a 100 Hz acquisition rate (TCU5610)
• 80 ps delay with a 1000 Hz acquisition rate (TCU5611)
• 160 ps delay with a 1000 Hz acquisition rate (TCU5612)
• 700 ps delay with a 100 Hz acquisition rate (TCU5613)
All 5600 TCU models come equipped with two supported channels as well as an industrial
interface board which provides Digital I/O and Encoder inputs.
When utilized in conjunction with Luna Innovations accessories, the TCU enables the user
to generate and detect pulsed terahertz energy. The TCU does not emit or detect terahertz
radiation. Terahertz radiation is emitted only by a terahertz transmitter and detected by a
receiver in an accessory connected to a TCU.
The TCU is a laser product. The user should read and comply with all safety warnings and
instructions, as described in section 2, during operation and maintenance of the TCU.
Failure to do so could result in damage to the TCU or in personal injury.

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The TCU can be supplied with either T-Ray Basic data serving software which will display
and stream the THz waveform in Binary or ASCII formats or with T-Ray® T-Gauge software,
which along with other T-Gauge accessories can display and stream real-time
measurements derived from the THz waveform to produce process variables and images.
2 SAFETY
Read this safety section before operating the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit. The user should
be mindful that incorrect operation of the TCU might present hazards in the following
specific areas:
Laser Safety
Electrical Hazards
Before operating the unit, please read this manual carefully and comply
with all instructions to prevent injury.
Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than
those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation exposure.
It is the user’s responsibility to familiarize themselves with applicable
laser safety standards for the use and installation of a Class 3R laser
product, such as ANSI Z136.1 “Safe Use of Lasers”. It is the user’s
responsibility to ensure that all personnel who may be exposed to laser
radiation in the use of the T--Ray® 5000 Control Unit receives training
in accordance with applicable laser safety standards.
Do not operate the T--Ray® 5000 Control Unit directly in an
environment of flammable gases or fumes. Special installations and
equipment is required if remote sensors interconnected to a T-Ray®
5000 Control Unit are placed directly in an environment which may be
exposed to flammable gases or fumes. Never install a T-Ray® 5000
compatible sensor in a flammable environment unless it is specifically
designed for such an installation.
Interconnection of any terahertz sensor or other accessory equipment to
the optical or electrical ports not specifically designated as compatible
by Luna Innovations may damage the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit.

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2.1 LASER SAFETY
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit is manufactured according to the Laser Safety Standard
IEC 60825-1:2014.
2.1.1 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS AND WARNINGS
The following Safety Instructions and Warnings should be read and complied with
during operation and maintenance of the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit. Failure to do so
could result in damage to the equipment and/or personal injury.
2.1.2 LASER PRODUCT SAFETY
General precautions may include but are not limited to the following:
• Keep the protective covers and shields on the TCU at all times. Removal of the
covers may expose personnel to laser radiation as described in the following
sections.
• There are no user serviceable parts inside the TCU. Only factory authorized service
personnel should remove the covers.
• Do not look directly at the output of a fiber port on the TCU or any fiber connected
to the TCU. Doing so may expose the user to Class 3R level laser radiation.
• Always use caution to not expose the user or others to laser output when connecting
or disconnecting fiber optic cables to the TCU. Turn off the TCU to avoid exposure.
• Do not cut, and avoid accidentally severing, a fiber optic cable that is connected to
the TCU. If a fiber connected to the TCU is damaged, turn off the TCU and have
the damaged fiber replaced.
• Viewing the TCU laser output with an optical instrument (for example, eye loupe,
magnifier or microscope) may pose an eye hazard.
• Use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those
specified herein may result in hazardous laser exposure.

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2.1.3 SAFETY LABELS
Several laser safety informational and warning labels are located on the T-Ray® 5000
Control Unit housing. The locations of these figures are indicated in Figure 1.
Figure 1 – Location of Laser Safety Informational and Warning Labels on
T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit Housing TCU56yz.
Access Panel Label
Aperture Label
Explanatory Label
Nameplate
Standards and
Emissions Information

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NEVER REMOVE THE STATUTORY WARNING LABELS ON
THE T-RAY® 5000 CONTROL UNIT OR OPERATE THE
DEVICE IF ANY OF THE WARNING LABELS ARE DAMAGED,
DEFACED, OR MISSING.

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2.1.3.1 CERTIFICATION LABELING
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit and accessories complies with the following safety
standards:
Complies with 21 CFR 1040.10 and 1040.11 except for conformance with IEC 60825-1
Ed. 3., as described in Laser Notice No. 56, dated May 8, 2019.
Conforms to UL STD 61010-1 & Certified to CSA STD C22.2 No. 61010-1.
This certification is reproduced on the rear panel label on the housing of the T-Ray®
5000 Control Unit:
Figure 2 – Reproduction of Certification Labels
• Size: 3” x 5”
• Color: Black Ink on White Background
• Location: Rear Panel (See Figure 1)

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2.1.3.2 PROTECTIVE HOUSING
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit has a protective external enclosure with an access panel
which is fixed by screws. The customer should not remove this panel. There are no
user serviceable parts inside.
The following access panel warning label is affixed to the housing of the T-Ray® 5000
Control Unit according to IEC 60825-1:2014:
Figure 3 – Reproduction of Access Panel Label
Size: 25.4 mm x 50.8 mm
Color: Black text on yellow background
Location: Access Panel (See Figure 1)
Very powerful lasers (up to class 4) are incorporated within the
T--Ray® 5000 Control Unit. The user should take great care never
to open or penetrate the enclosure. Do not use a T-Ray® 5000
Control Unit if the enclosure is damaged.

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The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit must only be serviced by Authorized
service personnel. Do not open the enclosure to repair or adjust
the unit. Do not disconnect any internal fiber optics, remove or
alter any internal optical shielding. Operating the unit with the
enclosure open may expose the user to direct or reflected laser
light sufficiently intense to cause serious injury to eyes, and burn
skin.
2.1.3.3 LASER EMISSION
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit incorporates an amplified, femtosecond fiber laser
system to provide the trigger pulses to the FC/APC fiber optic bulkhead ports labeled
channel 1 and channel 2. These fiber optic ports are also indicated by an aperture
label. When the system is powered, the emission indicator is lit (see Section 4.1.2), and
if no fiber optic cable is connected to these ports (and the ports are un-capped); these
fiber ports emit a laser pulse train with the following characteristics.
• P < 10 mW
• T > 80 fs
• F = 80 - 120 MHz
• l= 1050 - 1080 nm
The combined output of both these laser apertures is measured and set at the factory
not to exceed Class 3R according to the methods of IEC 60825-1:2014.

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The following laser classification label is affixed to the housing of the T-Ray® 5000
Control Unit according to IEC 60825-1:2014:
Figure 4 – Reproduction of laser classification label.
• Size: 25.4 mm x 50.8 mm
• Color: Black text, color graphics on white background
• Location: Front Panel (See Figure 1)
The following laser emission information label is affixed to the housing of the T-Ray®
5000 Control Unit according to IEC 60825-1:2014:
Figure 5 – Reproduction of Laser Emission Information Label
• Size: 1.75” x 0.75”
• Color: Black text on yellow background
• Location: Front Panel (See Figure 1)

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The following laser graphic warning label is affixed to the housing of the T-Ray® 5000
Control Unit according to IEC 60825-1:2014:
Figure 6 – Reproduction of Laser Graphic Warning Label
• Size: 16 mm x 18 mm
• Color: Black graphics on yellow background
• Location: I/O panel, top-right, left of optical interfaces (See Figure 1)
There are no user accessible controls to adjust laser emission.
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit includes circuitry to disable laser
emission if at any point emission were to exceed the factory set
power specifications. Do not, under any circumstances, attempt
to modify the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit to increase emission as
this may result in emission exceeding Class 3R limits.
The user should never utilize the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit as a
seed laser for an optical amplifier or interconnect the T-Ray®
5000 Control Unit to any external laser medium. Optical
amplification may expose personnel to laser radiation in excess
of marked Class 3R limit.
Optical amplification of the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit output
may result in optical feedback that damages the TCU.
Do not look directly into the laser output of either the Channel 1 or
Channel 2 SC/APC fiber bulkhead output apertures. Do not look
directly into the output of any user supplied fiber optic
interconnected with these apertures. Viewing the laser output with
an optical instrument (for example, eye loupe, magnifier or
microscope) may pose an eye hazard.

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Use caution to avoid exposure to the laser output of either the
Channel 1 or Channel 2 fiber bulkhead output apertures. It is
recommended that the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit is powered off
prior to connecting or disconnecting any fiber optics.
Do not remove the protective fiber bulkhead caps covering the
Channel 1 and Channel 2 apertures that were installed at the
factory until the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit is ready for use and a
fiber optic connector is to be inserted into bulkhead. Save the caps
for re-installation whenever a fiber optic connector is to be
removed. Using the caps will limit unintended exposure of laser
radiation from the port if the TCU is powered on without fiber optic
cables connected to the Channel 1 and Channel 2 bulkheads.
Never inspect any disconnected fiber optic connector for damage
while the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit is powered on. Doing so may
pose an eye hazard. It is recommended that the user employ a
television or LCD based fiber inspection tool to avoid hazardous
direct viewing of the fiber with an optical instrument.
The user should take care that any fiber optic cables connected by
the user to the Channel 1 and Channel 2 SC/APC bulkhead apertures
are not damaged or severed.
Do not connect dirty or damaged fiber optics connectors to the
Channel 1 or Channel 2 SC/APC fiber bulkheads. Doing so may
damage the Channel 1 or Channel 2 SC/APC fiber connectors or
bulkheads. It is recommended that all fiber optics be inspected and
cleaned, if necessary, prior to connection to the T-Ray® 5000 Control
Unit.

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2.1.3.4 IDENTIFICATION OF MANUFACTURER
The manufacturer (name and address), product identification, and production date are
noted on the identification label:
Figure 7 – Reproduction of Manufacturer Identification Label
• Size: 3” x 5”
• Color: Black text & graphics on gold foil background
• Location: Rear Panel (See Figure 1)

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2.2 ELECTRICAL SAFETY
Before switching on this instrument, make certain the control unit has been properly
grounded through the protective conductor of the AC power cable to a socket outlet
provided with protective earth contact. Any interruption of the protective conductor
(grounding), inside or outside the instrument, or disconnection of the protective earth
terminal can result in personal injury.
This is a Safety Class I product (provided with a protective earth ground incorporated in the
power cord). The mains plug shall only be inserted in a socket outlet provided with a
protective earth contact.
There are many points within the instrument that, if contacted, can cause personal injury.
Any adjustments or service procedures that require operation of the instrument with its
protective covers removed should be performed only by trained service personnel.
If this instrument is not used as specified, the protection provided by the equipment could
be impaired. This instrument must only be used in a normal condition (in which all means
of protection are intact).
Under certain circumstances there may be dangerous voltages
present within the device, even if the device is disconnected
from the main line supply.
2.2.1 GROUNDING THE T-GAUGEÒCONTROL UNIT
Grounding the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit is necessary for safety. If a high voltage point
were to contact the case of an ungrounded T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit or the umbilical
cable, even parts that may appear insulated, a shock hazard could be present. However,
with a properly grounded T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit, current from an inadvertent high
voltage short travels through the safety grounding path to earth ground rather than
through you to earth ground.
To ground T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit means to connect it to a ground reference point (i.e.,
earth ground). The easiest manner to achieve this is to plug the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit
into three-pronged power outlet grounded to earth ground using a three-conductor power
cord.

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2.2.2 POWER SOURCE
The T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit operates from power sources that will not apply more than
240 VRMS between supply conductors or ground. A protective ground connection, through
the grounding conductor in the power cord, is essential for safe system operation. The
allowed power input parameters are presented in Table 1.
Table 1- T-Gauge Control Unit Power Requirements
Property
Requirement
Input Voltage
100 to 240 VRMS
Frequency
50 to 60 Hz
2.2.3 ELECTRICAL OVERLOAD
Never apply a voltage to a connector on the T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit that is outside the
range specified for that connector.
2.2.4 USE THE PROPER POWER CABLE
Use only the power cord and connector specified for your product. Only use a power cord
that is in good condition.
2.2.5 USE THE PROPER FUSE
The recommended fuse is a 5 by 20 mm, time-lag 6.3A, 250V. The line fuse is housed in a
small container in the power entry module. A spare fuse also can be stored inside the plug,
next to the line fuse. To check the fuse, you must disconnect the power cord from the unit.
Then insert the tip of a screwdriver between the power entry module and the side of the
fuse compartment. Gently pull outward to remove the fuse. If the fuse is defective or
missing, install a new fuse in the proper position and reinsert the fuse container.
2.2.6 DO NOT REMOVE COVERS OR PANELS
To avoid personal injury, do not operate T-Ray® 5000 Control Unit without all proper
covers in place.