MikroTik RouterOS v2.9 User manual

MikroTik RouterOS™ v2.9
Reference Manual

Table Of Contents
Specifications Sheet........................................................................... 1
General Information ...............................................................................................................1
Device Driver List................................................................................ 5
General Information ...............................................................................................................6
Ethernet.................................................................................................................................. 6
Wireless................................................................................................................................ 14
Aironet Arlan........................................................................................................................ 16
RadioLAN............................................................................................................................ 16
Synchronous Serial............................................................................................................... 16
Asynchronous Serial............................................................................................................. 17
ISDN..................................................................................................................................... 17
VoIP...................................................................................................................................... 17
xDSL.................................................................................................................................... 18
HomePNA............................................................................................................................ 18
LCD...................................................................................................................................... 18
PCMCIA Adapters............................................................................................................... 18
GPRS Cards.......................................................................................................................... 19
CDMA/EV-DO Cards.......................................................................................................... 19
License Management........................................................................ 20
General Information............................................................................................................. 20
License Management............................................................................................................ 22
Basic Setup Guide............................................................................ 25
General Information .............................................................................................................25
Setting up MikroTik RouterOS™........................................................................................ 26
Logging into the MikroTik Router....................................................................................... 29
Adding Software Packages................................................................................................... 30
Navigating The Terminal Console....................................................................................... 30
Basic Configuration Tasks................................................................................................... 33
Setup Command................................................................................................................... 34
Basic Examples.................................................................................................................... 35
Advanced Configuration Tasks............................................................................................ 39
Installing RouterOS with CD-Install................................................. 41
CD-Install............................................................................................................................. 41
Installing RouterOS with Floppies................................................... 45
Floppy Install........................................................................................................................ 45
Installing RouterOS with NetInstall................................................. 49
NetInstall.............................................................................................................................. 49
Configuration Management.............................................................. 55
General Information .............................................................................................................55
System Backup..................................................................................................................... 56
The Export Command.......................................................................................................... 56
The Import Command.......................................................................................................... 57
Configuration Reset.............................................................................................................. 58
i

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) Server................................................. 59
General Information .............................................................................................................59
File Transfer Protocol Server............................................................................................... 59
MAC Level Access (Telnet and Winbox)......................................... 61
General Information .............................................................................................................61
MAC Telnet Server.............................................................................................................. 62
MAC WinBox Server........................................................................................................... 62
Monitoring Active Session List............................................................................................ 63
MAC Telnet Client............................................................................................................... 63
Serial Console and Terminal............................................................ 64
General Information .............................................................................................................64
Serial Console Configuration............................................................................................... 65
Configuring Console............................................................................................................ 65
Using Serial Terminal.......................................................................................................... 66
Console Screen..................................................................................................................... 67
Software Package Management...................................................... 68
General Information .............................................................................................................68
Installation (Upgrade)........................................................................................................... 69
Uninstallation....................................................................................................................... 71
Downgrading........................................................................................................................ 71
Disabling and Enabling........................................................................................................ 72
Unscheduling........................................................................................................................ 73
System Upgrade................................................................................................................... 73
Adding Package Source........................................................................................................ 75
Software Package List.......................................................................................................... 75
Software Version Management........................................................ 78
General Information .............................................................................................................78
System Upgrade................................................................................................................... 78
Adding Package Source........................................................................................................ 80
SSH (Secure Shell) Server and Client............................................. 81
General Information .............................................................................................................81
SSH Server........................................................................................................................... 82
SSH Client............................................................................................................................ 82
Telnet Server and Client................................................................... 84
General Information .............................................................................................................84
Telnet Server........................................................................................................................ 84
Telnet Client......................................................................................................................... 85
Terminal Console.............................................................................. 86
General Information .............................................................................................................86
Common Console Functions................................................................................................ 87
Lists and Item Names........................................................................................................... 88
Quick Typing........................................................................................................................ 89
Additional Information......................................................................................................... 90
General Commands.............................................................................................................. 90
Safe Mode............................................................................................................................. 92
Winbox............................................................................................... 94
ii

General Information............................................................................................................. 94
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................... 99
IP Addresses and ARP................................................................... 100
General Information ...........................................................................................................100
IP Addressing..................................................................................................................... 101
Address Resolution Protocol.............................................................................................. 102
Proxy-ARP feature............................................................................................................. 103
Unnumbered Interfaces...................................................................................................... 106
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 106
OSPF................................................................................................ 107
General Information ...........................................................................................................107
General Setup..................................................................................................................... 108
Areas................................................................................................................................... 110
Networks............................................................................................................................ 111
Interfaces............................................................................................................................ 112
Virtual Links....................................................................................................................... 113
Neighbours......................................................................................................................... 113
General Information ...........................................................................................................114
RIP.................................................................................................... 122
General Information........................................................................................................... 122
General Setup..................................................................................................................... 123
Interfaces............................................................................................................................ 124
Networks............................................................................................................................ 125
Neighbors........................................................................................................................... 126
Routes................................................................................................................................. 126
General Information ...........................................................................................................127
Routes, Equal Cost Multipath Routing, Policy Routing............... 130
General Information ...........................................................................................................130
Routes................................................................................................................................. 131
Policy Rules........................................................................................................................ 133
General Information ...........................................................................................................134
BGP Command Reference............................................................. 138
General Information........................................................................................................... 138
Instances............................................................................................................................. 139
Peers................................................................................................................................... 140
BGP Routing Filters........................................................................ 142
General Information........................................................................................................... 142
Filter Rules......................................................................................................................... 143
ARLAN 655 Wireless Client Card................................................... 146
General Information........................................................................................................... 146
Installation.......................................................................................................................... 146
Wireless Interface Configuration....................................................................................... 147
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 148
Interface Bonding............................................................................ 150
General Information ...........................................................................................................150
General Information ...........................................................................................................152
iii

Bridge............................................................................................... 156
General Information........................................................................................................... 157
Bridge Interface Setup........................................................................................................ 158
Port Settings....................................................................................................................... 159
Bridge Monitoring.............................................................................................................. 160
Bridge Port Monitoring...................................................................................................... 160
Bridge Host Monitoring..................................................................................................... 161
Bridge Firewall General Description................................................................................. 162
Bridge Packet Filter............................................................................................................ 165
Bridge NAT........................................................................................................................ 166
Bridge Brouting Facility..................................................................................................... 167
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 168
CISCO/Aironet 2.4GHz 11Mbps Wireless Interface...................... 169
General Information ...........................................................................................................169
Wireless Interface Configuration....................................................................................... 170
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 173
Application Examples........................................................................................................ 173
Cyclades PC300 PCI Adapters....................................................... 176
General Information........................................................................................................... 176
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 177
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 178
RSV/V.35 Synchronous Link Applications....................................................................... 178
Driver Management......................................................................... 180
General Information ...........................................................................................................180
Loading Device Drivers..................................................................................................... 181
Removing Device Drivers.................................................................................................. 182
Notes on PCMCIA Adapters.............................................................................................. 183
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 183
Ethernet Interfaces.......................................................................... 184
General Information........................................................................................................... 184
Ethernet Interface Configuration........................................................................................ 185
Monitoring the Interface Status.......................................................................................... 186
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 186
FarSync X.21 Interface.................................................................... 188
General Information........................................................................................................... 188
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 189
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 190
Synchronous Link Applications......................................................................................... 190
FrameRelay (PVC, Private Virtual Circuit) Interface..................... 196
General Information........................................................................................................... 196
Configuring Frame Relay Interface.................................................................................... 197
Frame Relay Configuration................................................................................................ 197
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 200
General Interface Settings.............................................................. 201
General Information ...........................................................................................................201
Interface Status................................................................................................................... 201
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Traffic Monitoring.............................................................................................................. 202
GPRS PCMCIA................................................................................. 203
How to make a GPRS connection...................................................................................... 203
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) Interface.................. 205
General Information........................................................................................................... 205
ISDN Hardware and Software Installation......................................................................... 206
ISDN Client Interface Configuration................................................................................. 207
ISDN Server Interface Configuration................................................................................. 208
ISDN Examples.................................................................................................................. 209
M3P................................................................................................... 214
General Information ...........................................................................................................214
Setup................................................................................................................................... 215
MOXA C101 Synchronous Interface.............................................. 217
General Information........................................................................................................... 217
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 218
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 220
Synchronous Link Application Examples.......................................................................... 220
MOXA C502 Dual-port Synchronous Interface............................. 223
General Information........................................................................................................... 223
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 224
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 225
Synchronous Link Application Examples.......................................................................... 225
PPP and Asynchronous Interfaces............................................... 228
General Information........................................................................................................... 228
Serial Port Configuration.................................................................................................... 229
PPP Server Setup................................................................................................................ 230
PPP Client Setup................................................................................................................ 231
PPP Application Example.................................................................................................. 232
RadioLAN 5.8GHz Wireless Interface............................................ 233
General Information........................................................................................................... 233
Wireless Interface Configuration....................................................................................... 234
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 236
Wireless Network Applications.......................................................................................... 236
Sangoma Synchronous Cards....................................................... 239
General Information........................................................................................................... 239
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 239
LMC/SBEI Synchronous Interfaces............................................... 241
General Information........................................................................................................... 241
Synchronous Interface Configuration................................................................................ 241
General Information ...........................................................................................................242
Wireless Client and Wireless Access Point Manual.................... 244
General Information........................................................................................................... 246
Wireless Interface Configuration....................................................................................... 248
Nstreme Settings................................................................................................................. 255
Nstreme2 Group Settings................................................................................................... 256
Registration Table.............................................................................................................. 258
v

Connect List....................................................................................................................... 260
Access List......................................................................................................................... 261
Info..................................................................................................................................... 262
Virtual Access Point Interface............................................................................................ 265
WDS Interface Configuration............................................................................................ 266
Align................................................................................................................................... 267
Align Monitor..................................................................................................................... 268
Frequency Monitor............................................................................................................. 269
Manual Transmit Power Table........................................................................................... 270
Network Scan..................................................................................................................... 270
Security Profiles................................................................................................................. 271
Sniffer................................................................................................................................. 274
Sniffer Sniff........................................................................................................................ 275
Sniffer Packets.................................................................................................................... 276
Snooper............................................................................................................................... 276
General Information ...........................................................................................................277
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 291
Xpeed SDSL Interface..................................................................... 292
General Information........................................................................................................... 292
Xpeed Interface Configuration........................................................................................... 293
Frame Relay Configuration Examples............................................................................... 294
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 295
EoIP.................................................................................................. 297
General Information........................................................................................................... 297
EoIP Setup.......................................................................................................................... 298
EoIP Application Example................................................................................................. 299
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 301
IP Security........................................................................................ 303
General Information ...........................................................................................................303
Policy Settings.................................................................................................................... 306
Peers................................................................................................................................... 308
Remote Peer Statistics........................................................................................................ 310
Installed SAs....................................................................................................................... 310
Flushing Installed SA Table............................................................................................... 311
Counters.............................................................................................................................. 312
General Information ...........................................................................................................313
IPIP Tunnel Interfaces..................................................................... 319
General Information........................................................................................................... 319
IPIP Setup........................................................................................................................... 320
General Information ...........................................................................................................321
L2TP Interface................................................................................. 323
General Information........................................................................................................... 323
L2TP Client Setup.............................................................................................................. 325
Monitoring L2TP Client..................................................................................................... 326
L2TP Server Setup............................................................................................................. 326
L2TP Server Users............................................................................................................. 327
L2TP Application Examples.............................................................................................. 328
vi

Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 332
PPPoE.............................................................................................. 334
General Information........................................................................................................... 334
PPPoE Client Setup............................................................................................................ 336
Monitoring PPPoE Client................................................................................................... 337
PPPoE Server Setup (Access Concentrator)...................................................................... 338
PPPoE Users....................................................................................................................... 339
PPPoE Server User Interfaces............................................................................................ 339
Application Examples........................................................................................................ 340
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 342
PPTP................................................................................................. 344
General Information........................................................................................................... 344
PPTP Client Setup.............................................................................................................. 346
Monitoring PPTP Client..................................................................................................... 347
PPTP Server Setup............................................................................................................. 347
PPTP Users......................................................................................................................... 348
PPTP Server User Interfaces.............................................................................................. 348
PPTP Application Examples.............................................................................................. 349
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 354
VLAN................................................................................................ 356
General Information........................................................................................................... 356
VLAN Setup....................................................................................................................... 358
Application Example.......................................................................................................... 359
Graphing.......................................................................................... 360
General Information........................................................................................................... 360
General Options.................................................................................................................. 361
Health Graphing................................................................................................................. 361
Interface Graphing.............................................................................................................. 362
Simple Queue Graphing..................................................................................................... 362
Resource Graphing............................................................................................................. 363
HotSpot User AAA.......................................................................... 364
General Information ...........................................................................................................364
HotSpot User Profiles......................................................................................................... 365
HotSpot Users..................................................................................................................... 366
HotSpot Active Users......................................................................................................... 368
IP accounting................................................................................... 370
General Information ...........................................................................................................370
Local IP Traffic Accounting............................................................................................... 371
Local IP Traffic Accounting Table.................................................................................... 372
Web Access to the Local IP Traffic Accounting Table...................................................... 373
PPP User AAA................................................................................. 374
General Information ...........................................................................................................374
Local PPP User Profiles..................................................................................................... 375
Local PPP User Database................................................................................................... 378
Monitoring Active PPP Users............................................................................................ 378
PPP User Remote AAA...................................................................................................... 379
vii

RADIUS client.................................................................................. 381
General Information ...........................................................................................................381
RADIUS Client Setup........................................................................................................ 382
Connection Terminating from RADIUS............................................................................ 383
Suggested RADIUS Servers............................................................................................... 384
Supported RADIUS Attributes........................................................................................... 384
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 391
Router User AAA............................................................................. 392
General Information ...........................................................................................................392
Router User Groups............................................................................................................ 393
Router Users....................................................................................................................... 394
Monitoring Active Router Users........................................................................................ 395
Router User Remote AAA................................................................................................. 396
Traffic Flow...................................................................................... 397
General Information........................................................................................................... 397
General Configuration........................................................................................................ 398
Traffic-Flow Target............................................................................................................ 398
General Information ...........................................................................................................398
SNMP Service.................................................................................. 402
General Information........................................................................................................... 402
SNMP Setup....................................................................................................................... 403
SNMP Communities.......................................................................................................... 403
Available OIDs................................................................................................................... 404
Available MIBs.................................................................................................................. 405
Tools for SNMP Data Collection and Analysis................................................................. 409
Log Management............................................................................. 411
General Information ...........................................................................................................411
General Settings................................................................................................................. 412
Actions................................................................................................................................ 412
Log Messages..................................................................................................................... 413
Bandwidth Control.......................................................................... 415
General Information ...........................................................................................................415
Queue Types....................................................................................................................... 426
Interface Default Queues.................................................................................................... 429
Simple Queues.................................................................................................................... 429
Queue Trees........................................................................................................................ 431
General Information ...........................................................................................................431
Filter................................................................................................. 438
General Information ...........................................................................................................438
Firewall Filter..................................................................................................................... 439
Filter Applications.............................................................................................................. 445
Address Lists.................................................................................. 447
General Information ...........................................................................................................447
Address Lists...................................................................................................................... 447
Mangle.............................................................................................. 449
General Information ...........................................................................................................449
viii

Mangle................................................................................................................................ 450
General Information ...........................................................................................................455
NAT................................................................................................... 457
General Information ...........................................................................................................457
NAT.................................................................................................................................... 458
NAT Applications.............................................................................................................. 463
Packet Flow..................................................................................... 465
General Information........................................................................................................... 465
Packet Flow........................................................................................................................ 466
Connection Tracking.......................................................................................................... 468
Connection Timeouts......................................................................................................... 470
Service Ports....................................................................................................................... 471
General Firewall Information............................................................................................. 472
Services, Protocols, and Ports...................................................... 475
General Information ...........................................................................................................475
Modifying Service Settings................................................................................................ 475
List of Services................................................................................................................... 476
DHCP Client and Server................................................................. 479
General Information ...........................................................................................................480
DHCP Client Setup............................................................................................................ 481
DHCP Server Setup............................................................................................................ 483
Store Leases on Disk.......................................................................................................... 485
DHCP Networks................................................................................................................. 486
DHCP Server Leases.......................................................................................................... 486
DHCP Alert........................................................................................................................ 489
DHCP Option..................................................................................................................... 490
DHCP Relay....................................................................................................................... 490
Question&Answer-Based Setup......................................................................................... 491
General Information ...........................................................................................................492
DNS Client and Cache.................................................................... 497
General Information ...........................................................................................................497
Client Configuration and Cache Setup............................................................................... 498
Cache Monitoring............................................................................................................... 499
Static DNS Entries.............................................................................................................. 499
Flushing DNS cache........................................................................................................... 499
HotSpot Gateway............................................................................ 501
General Information........................................................................................................... 502
Question&Answer-Based Setup......................................................................................... 508
HotSpot Interface Setup..................................................................................................... 509
HotSpot Server Profiles...................................................................................................... 510
HotSpot User Profiles......................................................................................................... 512
HotSpot Users..................................................................................................................... 512
HotSpot Active Users......................................................................................................... 512
HotSpot Cookies................................................................................................................ 512
HTTP-level Walled Garden................................................................................................ 513
IP-level Walled Garden...................................................................................................... 514
One-to-one NAT static address bindings........................................................................... 515
ix

Active Host List.................................................................................................................. 516
Service Port........................................................................................................................ 517
Customizing HotSpot: Firewall Section............................................................................. 517
Customizing HotSpot: HTTP Servlet Pages...................................................................... 519
Possible Error Messages..................................................................................................... 527
HotSpot How-to's............................................................................................................... 528
HTTP Proxy...................................................................................... 529
General Information ...........................................................................................................529
Setup................................................................................................................................... 531
Access List......................................................................................................................... 532
Direct Access List.............................................................................................................. 533
Cache Management............................................................................................................ 534
Proxy Monitoring............................................................................................................... 535
Connection List.................................................................................................................. 536
Cache inserts....................................................................................................................... 536
Cache Lookups................................................................................................................... 537
Complementary Tools........................................................................................................ 537
HTTP Methods................................................................................................................... 538
IP Pools............................................................................................ 540
General Information ...........................................................................................................540
Setup................................................................................................................................... 541
Used Addresses from Pool................................................................................................. 541
SOCKS Proxy Server...................................................................... 543
General Information ...........................................................................................................543
SOCKS Configuration........................................................................................................ 544
Access List......................................................................................................................... 545
Active Connections............................................................................................................ 545
General Information ...........................................................................................................546
UPnP................................................................................................. 548
General Information ...........................................................................................................548
Enabling Universal Plug-n-Play......................................................................................... 549
UPnP Interfaces.................................................................................................................. 549
Web Proxy........................................................................................ 552
General Information ...........................................................................................................552
Setup................................................................................................................................... 554
Access List......................................................................................................................... 555
Direct Access List.............................................................................................................. 557
Cache Management............................................................................................................ 558
Complementary Tools........................................................................................................ 558
Transparent Mode............................................................................................................... 559
HTTP Methods................................................................................................................... 559
Certificate Management.................................................................. 562
General Information ...........................................................................................................562
Certificates.......................................................................................................................... 563
DDNS Update Tool.......................................................................... 566
General Information ...........................................................................................................566
Dynamic DNS Update........................................................................................................ 567
x

GPS Synchronization...................................................................... 568
General Information ...........................................................................................................568
Synchronizing with a GPS Receiver.................................................................................. 569
GPS Monitoring................................................................................................................. 570
LCD Management............................................................................ 571
General Information ...........................................................................................................571
Configuring the LCD's Settings......................................................................................... 573
LCD Information Display Configuration........................................................................... 574
LCD Troubleshooting......................................................................................................... 575
MNDP................................................................................................ 576
General Information ...........................................................................................................576
Setup................................................................................................................................... 577
Neighbour List.................................................................................................................... 577
System Clock and NTP................................................................... 579
System Clock...................................................................................................................... 579
System Clock DST adjustment.......................................................................................... 580
General Information ...........................................................................................................581
Client.................................................................................................................................. 582
Server.................................................................................................................................. 582
Time Zone.......................................................................................................................... 583
RouterBoard-specific functions.................................................... 585
General Information ...........................................................................................................585
BIOS upgrading.................................................................................................................. 586
BIOS Configuration........................................................................................................... 587
System Health Monitoring................................................................................................. 588
LED Management or RB200.............................................................................................. 589
LED Management on RB500............................................................................................. 590
Fan voltage control............................................................................................................. 590
Console Reset Jumper........................................................................................................ 591
Support Output File........................................................................ 592
General Information ...........................................................................................................592
Generating Support Output File......................................................................................... 592
System Resource Management..................................................... 593
General Information ...........................................................................................................594
System Resource................................................................................................................ 594
IRQ Usage Monitor............................................................................................................ 595
IO Port Usage Monitor....................................................................................................... 595
USB Port Information........................................................................................................ 596
PCI Information.................................................................................................................. 596
Reboot................................................................................................................................ 597
Shutdown............................................................................................................................ 597
Router Identity.................................................................................................................... 598
Date and Time.................................................................................................................... 598
System Clock Manual Adjustment..................................................................................... 599
Configuration Change History........................................................................................... 599
System Note....................................................................................................................... 600
xi

Bandwidth Test............................................................................... 602
General Information........................................................................................................... 602
Server Configuration.......................................................................................................... 603
Client Configuration........................................................................................................... 604
ICMP Bandwidth Test..................................................................... 606
General Information ...........................................................................................................606
ICMP Bandwidth Test........................................................................................................ 606
Packet Sniffer.................................................................................. 608
General Information........................................................................................................... 608
Packet Sniffer Configuration.............................................................................................. 609
Running Packet Sniffer...................................................................................................... 610
Sniffed Packets................................................................................................................... 611
Packet Sniffer Protocols..................................................................................................... 612
Packet Sniffer Host............................................................................................................. 614
Packet Sniffer Connections................................................................................................ 614
Ping.................................................................................................. 616
General Information........................................................................................................... 616
The Ping Command............................................................................................................ 617
MAC Ping Server............................................................................................................... 618
Torch (Realtime Traffic Monitor).................................................... 619
General Information........................................................................................................... 619
The Torch Command.......................................................................................................... 619
Traceroute........................................................................................ 622
General Information........................................................................................................... 622
The Traceroute Command.................................................................................................. 623
Network Monitor.............................................................................. 624
General Information ...........................................................................................................624
Network Watching Tool..................................................................................................... 624
Serial Port Monitor.......................................................................... 627
General Information ...........................................................................................................627
Sigwatch............................................................................................................................. 627
Scripting Host.................................................................................. 630
General Information ...........................................................................................................631
Console Command Syntax................................................................................................. 631
Expression Grouping.......................................................................................................... 633
Variables............................................................................................................................. 634
Command Substitution and Return Values........................................................................ 634
Operators............................................................................................................................ 635
Data types........................................................................................................................... 638
Command Reference.......................................................................................................... 639
Special Commands............................................................................................................. 644
Additional Features............................................................................................................ 645
Script Repository................................................................................................................ 645
Task Management.............................................................................................................. 646
Script Editor....................................................................................................................... 647
Scheduler......................................................................................... 649
xii

General Information ...........................................................................................................649
Scheduler Configuration..................................................................................................... 649
Traffic Monitor................................................................................. 652
General Information ...........................................................................................................652
Traffic Monitor................................................................................................................... 652
IP Telephony.................................................................................... 654
General Information ...........................................................................................................655
General Voice port settings................................................................................................ 657
Voicetronix Voice Ports..................................................................................................... 658
LineJack Voice Ports.......................................................................................................... 659
PhoneJack Voice Ports....................................................................................................... 661
Zaptel Voice Ports.............................................................................................................. 663
ISDN Voice Ports............................................................................................................... 664
Voice Port for Voice over IP (voip)................................................................................... 666
Numbers............................................................................................................................. 666
Regional Settings................................................................................................................ 669
Audio CODECs.................................................................................................................. 670
AAA................................................................................................................................... 670
Gatekeeper.......................................................................................................................... 672
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................. 675
A simple example............................................................................................................... 675
System Watchdog........................................................................... 682
General Information ...........................................................................................................682
Hardware Watchdog Management..................................................................................... 682
UPS Monitor..................................................................................... 684
General Information ...........................................................................................................684
UPS Monitor Setup............................................................................................................ 685
Runtime Calibration........................................................................................................... 686
UPS Monitoring................................................................................................................. 687
VRRP................................................................................................ 689
General Information........................................................................................................... 689
VRRP Routers.................................................................................................................... 690
Virtual IP addresses............................................................................................................ 691
A simple example of VRRP fail over................................................................................. 692
xiii

Specifications Sheet
Document revision 2.8 (September 7, 2007, 8:36 GMT)
This document applies to MikroTik RouterOS V2.9
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Description
General Information
Description
Major features
•Firewall and NAT - stateful packet filtering; Peer-to-Peer protocol filtering; source and
destination NAT; classification by source MAC, IP addresses (networks or a list of networks)
and address types, port range, IP protocols, protocol options (ICMP type, TCP flags and MSS),
interfaces, internal packet and connection marks, ToS (DSCP) byte, content, matching
sequence/frequency, packet size, time and more...
•Routing - Static routing; Equal cost multi-path routing; Policy based routing (classification
done in firewall); RIP v1 / v2, OSPF v2, BGP v4
•Data Rate Management - Hierarchical HTB QoS system with bursts; per IP / protocol / subnet
/ port / firewall mark; PCQ, RED, SFQ, FIFO queue; CIR, MIR, contention ratios, dynamic
client rate equalizing (PCQ), bursts, Peer-to-Peer protocol limitation
•HotSpot - HotSpot Gateway with RADIUS authentication and accounting; true Plug-and-Play
access for network users; data rate limitation; differentiated firewall; traffic quota; real-time
status information; walled-garden; customized HTML login pages; iPass support; SSL secure
authentication; advertisement support
•Point-to-Point tunneling protocols - PPTP, PPPoE and L2TP Access Concentrators and
clients; PAP, CHAP, MSCHAPv1 and MSCHAPv2 authentication protocols; RADIUS
authentication and accounting; MPPE encryption; compression for PPPoE; data rate limitation;
differentiated firewall; PPPoE dial on demand
•Simple tunnels - IPIP tunnels, EoIP (Ethernet over IP)
•IPsec - IP security AH and ESP protocols; MODP Diffie-Hellman groups 1,2,5; MD5 and
SHA1 hashing algorithms; DES, 3DES, AES-128, AES-192, AES-256 encryption algorithms;
Perfect Forwarding Secrecy (PFS) MODP groups 1,2,5
•Proxy - FTP and HTTP caching proxy server; HTTPS proxy; transparent DNS and HTTP
proxying; SOCKS protocol support; DNS static entries; support for caching on a separate drive;
access control lists; caching lists; parent proxy support
•DHCP - DHCP server per interface; DHCP relay; DHCP client; multiple DHCP networks;
static and dynamic DHCP leases; RADIUS support
•VRRP - VRRP protocol for high availability
•UPnP - Universal Plug-and-Play support
Page 1 of 695
Copyright 1999-2007, MikroTik. All rights reserved. Mikrotik, RouterOS and RouterBOARD are trademarks of Mikrotikls SIA.
Other trademarks and registred trademarks mentioned herein are properties of their respective owners.

•NTP - Network Time Protocol server and client; synchronization with GPS system
•Monitoring/Accounting - IP traffic accounting, firewall actions logging, statistics graphs
accessible via HTTP
•SNMP - read-only access
•M3P - MikroTik Packet Packer Protocol for Wireless links and Ethernet
•MNDP - MikroTik Neighbor Discovery Protocol; also supports Cisco Discovery Protocol
(CDP)
•Tools - ping; traceroute; bandwidth test; ping flood; telnet; SSH; packet sniffer; Dynamic DNS
update tool
TCP/IP protocol suite:
•Wireless - IEEE802.11a/b/g wireless client and access point (AP) modes; Nstreme and
Nstreme2 proprietary protocols; Wireless Distribution System (WDS) support; virtual AP; 40
and 104 bit WEP; WPA pre-shared key authentication; access control list; authentication with
RADIUS server; roaming (for wireless client); AP bridging
•Bridge - spanning tree protocol; multiple bridge interfaces; bridge firewalling, MAC NATting
•VLAN - IEEE802.1q Virtual LAN support on Ethernet and wireless links; multiple VLANs;
VLAN bridging
•Synchronous - V.35, V.24, E1/T1, X.21, DS3 (T3) media types; sync-PPP, Cisco HDLC,
Frame Relay line protocols; ANSI-617d (ANDI or annex D) and Q933a (CCITT or annex A)
Frame Relay LMI types
•Asynchronous - serial PPP dial-in / dial-out; PAP, CHAP, MSCHAPv1 and MSCHAPv2
authentication protocols; RADIUS authentication and accounting; onboard serial ports; modem
pool with up to 128 ports; dial on demand
•ISDN - ISDN dial-in / dial-out; PAP, CHAP, MSCHAPv1 and MSCHAPv2 authentication
protocols; RADIUS authentication and accounting; 128K bundle support; Cisco HDLC, x75i,
x75ui, x75bui line protocols; dial on demand
•SDSL - Single-line DSL support; line termination and network termination modes
Layer 2 connectivity
IA32 Hardware requirements
•CPU and motherboard - advanced 4th generation (core frequency 100MHz or more), 5th
generation (Intel Pentium, Cyrix 6X86, AMD K5 or comparable) or newer uniprocessor
(multi-processor systems are not supported) Intel IA-32 (i386) compatible architecture with PCI
local bus
•RAM - minimum 32 MiB, maximum 1 GiB; 64 MiB or more recommended
•Non-volatile storage medium - standard ATA/IDE interface controller and drive (SCSI and
USB controllers and drives are not supported; RAID controllers that require additional drivers
are not supported; SATA is only supported in legacy access mode) with minimum of 64 Mb
space; Flash and Microdrive devices may be connected using an adapted with ATA interface
MIPS Hardware requirements
•Supported systems - RouterBOARD 500 series (532, 512 and 511)
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•RAM - minimum 32 MiB
•Non-volatile storage medium - onboard NAND device, minimum 64Mb
Hardware needed for installation time only
•Floppy-based installation - standard AT floppy controller and 3.5'' disk drive connected as the
first floppy disk drive (A); AT, PS/2 or USB keyboard; VGA-compatible video controller card
and monitor
•CD-based installation - standard ATA/ATAPI interface controller and CD drive supporting
"El Torito" bootable CDs (you might need also to check if the router's BIOS supports booting
from this type of media; if El Torito is not supported by the BIOS, you can still boot up from
the CD using Smart Boot Manager Floppy); AT, PS/2 or USB keyboard; VGA-compatible
video controller card and monitor
•Floppy-based network installation - standard AT floppy controller and 3.5'' disk drive
connected as the first floppy disk drive (A); PCI Ethernet network interface card supported by
MikroTik RouterOS (see the Device Driver List for the list)
•Full network-based installation - PCI Ethernet network interface card supported by MikroTik
RouterOS (see the Device Driver List for the list) with PXE or EtherBoot extension booting
ROM (you might need also to check if the router's BIOS supports booting from network)
Depending on installation method chosen the router must have the following hardware:
Configuration possibilities
RouterOS provides powerful command-line configuration interface. You can also manage the
router through WinBox - the easy-to-use remote configuration GUI for Windows -, which provides
all the benefits of the command-line interface, without the actual "command-line", which may scare
novice users. Web-based configuration is provided for some most popular functionality. Major
features:
• Clean and consistent user interface
• Runtime configuration and monitoring
• Multiple connections
• User policies
• Action history, undo/redo actions
• safe mode operation
• Scripts can be scheduled for executing at certain times, periodically, or on events. All
command-line commands are supported in scripts
•Local teminal console - AT, PS/2 or USB keyboard and VGA-compatible video controller card
with monitor
•Serial console - any (you may choose any one; the first, also known as COM1, is used by
default) RS232 asynchronous serial port, which is by default set to 9600bit/s, 8 data bits, 1 stop
bit, no parity, hardware (RTS/CTS) flow control
•Telnet - telnet server is running on 23 TCP port by default
•SSH - SSH (secure shell) server is running on 22 TCP port by default (available only if security
Page 3 of 695
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package is installed)
•MAC Telnet - MikroTik MAC Telnet potocol server is by default enabled on all Ethernet-like
interfaces
•Winbox - Winbox is a RouterOS remote administration GUI for Windows, that uses 8291 TCP
port. It may also connect routers by their MAC addresses
Router may be managed through the following interfaces (note that until a valid IP configuration is
enteres, telnet and SSH connections are not possible):
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Other trademarks and registred trademarks mentioned herein are properties of their respective owners.

Device Driver List
Document revision 3.9 (September 26, 2007, 12:55 GMT)
This document applies to MikroTik RouterOS V2.9
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Summary
Ethernet
Specifications
Description
Notes
Wireless
Specifications
Description
Aironet Arlan
Specifications
Description
RadioLAN
Specifications
Description
Synchronous Serial
Specifications
Description
Asynchronous Serial
Specifications
Description
ISDN
Specifications
Description
VoIP
Specifications
Description
xDSL
Specifications
Description
HomePNA
Specifications
Description
LCD
Specifications
Description
PCMCIA Adapters
Specifications
Description
GPRS Cards
Specifications
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Other trademarks and registred trademarks mentioned herein are properties of their respective owners.

Description
CDMA/EV-DO Cards
Specifications
Description
General Information
Summary
The document lists the drivers, included in MikroTik RouterOS and the devices that are tested to
work with MikroTik RouterOS. If a device is not listed here, it does not mean the device is not
supported, it still may work. It just means that the device was not tested.
Ethernet
Packages required: system
Description
3Com 509 Series
Chipset type: 3Com 509 Series ISA 10Base
Compatibility:
• 3Com EtherLink III
3Com FastEtherLink
Chipset type: 3Com 3c590/3c900 (3Com FastEtherLink and FastEtherLink XL) PCI 10/100Base
Compatibility:
• 3c590 Vortex 10BaseT
• 3c592 chip
• 3c595 Vortex 100BaseTX
• 3c595 Vortex 100BaseT4
• 3c595 Vortex 100Base-MII
• 3c597 chip
• 3Com Vortex
• 3c900 Boomerang 10BaseT
• 3c900 Boomerang 10Mbit/s Combo
• 3c900 Cyclone 10Mbit/s Combo
• 3c900B-FL Cyclone 10Base-FL
Page 6 of 695 Copyright 1999-2007, MikroTik. All rights reserved. Mikrotik, RouterOS and RouterBOARD are trademarks of Mikrotikls SIA.
Other trademarks and registred trademarks mentioned herein are properties of their respective owners.