Onwa KR-1338C User manual

10.4 TFT LCD COLOR MARINE RADAR
KR-1338C/1668C
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
KR-1338C/1668C

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
"DANGER","WARNING" and "CAUTION" notices throughout this manual. It is the
responsibility of the operator and the installer of the equipment to read, understand and
follows these notices. If you have any questions regarding these safety instructions,
please contact a ONWA agent or dealer.
Do not open the equipment.
Hazardous voltage which can cause electrical shock, burn or serious injury exists
inside the equipment. Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the antenna unit.
Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar antenna mast.
Stay away from transmitting antenna.
The radar antenna emits microwave radiation which can be harmful to the human
body, particularly the eyes. Never look directly into the antenna radiator from a
distance of less than 1 m when the radar is in operation.
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the antenna unit. Post a
warning sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the
antenna unit is being serviced.
Prevent the potential risk of someone begin struck by the rotating antenna and
exposure to the RF radiation hazard.
Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.
Fire electrical shock or serious injury can result.
Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the equipment is
emitting smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.
Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.
WARNING

CAUTION
Use the proper fuse.
Use of a wrong fuse can result in fire or permanent equipment damage.
Do not use the equipment for other than its intended purpose.
Personal injury can result if the equipment is used as a chair or stepping stool, for example.
Do not objects on the top of the equipment.
The equipment can overheat or personal injury can result if the object falls.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Features 1
Model KR-1338C SPECIFICATION 2
CONFIGERATION OF KR-1338C/1668C 8
1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION 8
2. BASIC OPERATION 10
1.1 What is Radar? 8
1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar 8
1.3 How Radar Determines Range 8
1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing 8
1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed 8
1.6 The Radar Display 9
2.1 Control Description 10
2.2 Display Indication and Markes 11
2.3Turning the Radar On and Off 12
2.4 Transmitting 12
2.5 Stand-by 12
2.6 Selecting the Range 13
2.7 Adjusting Picture Brilliance 13
2.9 Adjusting Receiver Sensitivity 15
2.10 Adjusting the A/C SEA Control (reducing sea clutter) 15
2.11 Apply the A/C RAIN (reducing rain clutter) 17
2.12 Erasing the Heading Line, North Mark 17
2.13 Measuring the Range 18
FOREWORD 1
Model KR-1668C SPECIFICATION 4
2.8 Setup display color 14

2.16 Shifting (off centering) the Pcture 22
2.17 Zoom 22
3.1 Basic Menu Operation 24
3.2 Selecting the Presentation Mode 24
3.3 Magnifying Long Range Echoes (echo stretch) 25
3.4 Echo Trail 26
3.5 Suppressing Radar Interference 27
3.6 Selecting Pulsewidth 28
3.7 Guard Alarm 29
3.8 Watchman 31
3.9 Display Navigation Data 32
4.1 Multiple Echoes 36
4.2 Side-lobe Echoes 36
4.3 Indirect ECHOES 37
4.4 Blind and Shadow Sectors 38
3. MENU OPERATION 24
4. FALSE ECHOES 35
3.10 OTHER MENU Description 33
3.11 Function Keys
3.12 Suppressing Noise 35
3.13 Adjusting Brilliance of Markers 35
3.14 Outputting Target Position 35
34
2.15 Using the Offset EBL 20
2.14 Measuring the Bearing 19

6.3 Exchange of Fuse for 24/32V Power Supply 54
6.4 Checking the Installation 54
6.5 Adjustments 54
5.1 Preventative Maintenance 40
5.2 Replacing the Fuse 40
5.3 Troubleshooting 40
5.5 Life Expectancy of Magnetron 42
6.1 Antenna Unit Installation Sitting handling considerations 43
6.2 Display Unit Installation Mounting considerations 51
5. MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING 39
6. INSTALLATION 43
5.4 Self Test 40
MENU TREE 60
AIS 61
KR-1338C/1668C OUTSIDE DRAWING 71
KR-1338C/1668C INTERCONNECTION 74

Thank you for your choice of ONWA MODEL KR-1338C/1668C Marine Radar.
The radar is designed and constructed to meet the rigorous demands of the marine
environment. However, no machine can perform its intended function unless
properfly installed and maintained. Please carefully read and follow the recommended
procedures for installation, operation and maintenance. While this unit can be installed
by the purchaser, any purchaser who has doubts about his or her technical abilities
may wish to have the unit installed by a ONWA representative or other qualified
techician. The importance of a through installation can not be overemphasized.
We would appreciate hearing form you, the end user, about whether user, about
user, about whether we are achieving our purposes. Thank you for considering and
purchasing ONWA equipment.
1
Your radar has a large variety of functions, all contained in a remarkably small
cabinet.
The main features of the MODEL KR-1338C are.
Traditional ONWA reliability and quality in a compact, lightweight and low-cost
radar.
Durable brushless antenna motor.
On-screen alphanumeric readout of all operational information.
Standard features include EBL (Electronic Bearing Line), VRM (Variable Range
Marker), Guard Alarm, Display Off Center, and Echo Trail.
Watchman feature periodically transmits the radar to check for radar targets
which may be entering the alarm zone.
Ship s position in latitude and longitude and range and bearing to waypoint,
and ship's speed/ heading/course can be shown in the ottom text area.(Requires
a navigation aid which can output such data in IEC 1162 format.)
Zoom feature provided.
'
FOREWORD
Features

KR-1338C SPECIFICATION
ANTENNA UNIT
1. Radiator : Slotted waveguide array
2. Radiator length : 55 cm
3. Horizontal beamwidth : 4
4. Vertical beamwidth : 25
5. Sidelobe :
Within 20 off mainlobe; less than -18 dB
Outside 20 off mainlobe; less than -23 dB
6. Polarization : Horizontal
7. Antenna rotation speed : 24 rpm( 2)
8. Wind resistance : Relative wing speed 100 knots(51.5 m/s)
TRANSCEIVER MODULE
(contained in radome)
1. Transmitting tube : MSF1421B or MAF1421B
2. Frequency : 9410 MHz 30MHz
3. Peak output power : 4kW nominal
4. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate :
0.08 S, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5nm)
0.3 S, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3nm)
0.8 S, 600 Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36nm)
5. Warm up time : 1:30 minutes
6. Modulator : FET switching method
7. I.F. : 60MHz
8. Tuning : Automatic or manual
9. Receiver front end : MIC (Microwave IC)
10. Bandwidth :
Tx pulselength 0.3 S and 0.08 S : 25MHz
Tx pulselength 0.8 S : 3MHz
11. Duplexer : Circulator with diode limiter
2

DISPLAY UNIT
1. Indication system : LCD digital display
2. Display : 10.4 LED backlight, 32-bit TFT Color LCD Display
3. Range scale (nm) :
Range, Range interval and no. of Rings:
0.125(0.0625,2), 0.25(0.125,4), 0.75(0.25,3), 1(0.25,4), 1.5(0.5,3), 2(0.5,4),
3(1,3), 4(1,4), 6(2,3), 8(2,4), 12(3,4), 16(4,4), 24(6,4), 36(12,3)
4. Bearing resolution : 4
5. Bearing accuracy : Within 1
6. Range discrimination : Better than 30 m
7. Range ring accuracy : 0.9% or range in use or 8 m, whichever is larger
8. Minimum range : Better than 25 m
9. Markers :
Heading line, Bearing scale, Range ring, VRM, EBL Tuning indicator,
Cursor, Alarm zone, North mark (heading sensor input required)
10. Alphanumeric indication :
Range, Range ring interval, Pulselength, Interference rejection (IR), VRM,
EBL, Stand-by (ST-BY), Radar alarm, Echo stretch (ES), Range to cursor,
Bearing to cursor, Echo trailing (TRAIL), Trail time, Trail elapsed time,
Navigation data (navigation input required), heading (HDG, heading sensor
input required)
11. Vibration :
Vibration Total amplitude :
1 to 12.5 Hz 1.6mm
12.5 to 25 Hz 0.38mm
25 to 30 Hz 0.10mm
12. Temperature :
Antenna unit; -25 to + 70
Display unit; -10 to + 50
13. Humidity :
Relative humidity 93% or less at + 40
14. Power supply & power consumption : 12V, 24V or 32VDC (10.5V to 40
VDC) 60W
15. Compass safe distance :
Standard Compass
Display unit 0.75m 0.6m
1.75m3.1mAntenna unit
Steering Compass
3

KR-1668C SPECIFICATION
ANTENNA UNIT
1. Radiator : Slotted waveguide array
2. Radiator length : 120 cm
3. Horizontal beamwidth : 1.9
4. Vertical beamwidth : 22
5. Sidelobe :
Within 20 off mainlobe; less than -24 dB
Outside 20 off mainlobe; less than -30 dB
6. Polarization : Horizontal
7. Antenna rotation speed : 24 rpm
8. Wind resistance : Relative wing speed 100 knots(51.5 m/s)
TRANSCEIVER MODULE
(contained in antenna)
1. Transmitting tube : MAF1421 or MSF1421
2. Peak output power : 4kW nominal
3. Pulselength & pulse repetition rate :
0.08 S, 2100 Hz (0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.5nm)
0.3 S, 1200 Hz (1.5, 2, 3nm)
0.8 S, 600 Hz (3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 36, 48, 64nm)
4. Bandwidth :
Tx pulselength 0.3 S and 0.08 S : 25MHz
Tx pulselength 0.8 S : 5 MHz
5. Other : See KR-1338C
4

3. Power supply & power consumption : 12V, 24V or 32VDC (10.5V to 40VDC)
60W.
DISPLAY UNIT
1. Range scale (nm):
Range, Range interval and no. of Rings:
0.125(0.0625,2), 0.25(0.125,4), 0.75(0.25,3), 1(0.25,4), 1.5(0.5,3), 2(0.5,4),
3(1,3), 4(1,4), 6(2,3), 8(2,4), 12(3,4), 16(4,4), 24(6,4), 36(12,3), 48(12,4),
64(16,4)
2. Compass safe distance:
Standard Compass
Display unit 0.75m 0.6m
0.74m1.0mAntenna unit
Steering Compass
5

INTERFACE IEC 1162(NMEA0183)
(Input)
Own ship`s position: GGA>RMA>RMC>GLL
Speed: RMA>RMC>VIG>VHW
Heading (True): HDT>HDG*>HDT*>VHW>VHW*
Course (True): RMA>RMC>VTG
Course (Magnetic): VTG>RMA*>RMC
Waypoint (Range, Bearing): RMB>BWC>BWR
Loran time difference: RMA>GLC>GTD
Water depth: DPT>DBT
Water temperature: MDA>MTW
XTE: RMB>XTE>APB
*: Calculated value based Magnetic variation.
AIS: VDO>VDM>ACA>ACS>ALR>ACK
6

CONFIGERATION OF KR-1338C/1668C
ANTENNA UNIT
Antenna cable
KRC-003-10/15/20
10/15/20m
7
6 Pin
8 Pin
3M
10.5 to 40VDC
KR-1338C KR-1668C
Display UNIT

1. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The term "RADAR" is an acronym meaning "RAdio Detection And Ranging".
Although the basic principles of radar were developed during World War II,
Before the invention of radar, when running in fog near a rugged shoreline,
ships would sound a short blast on their whistles, fire a shot, or strike a bell.
The time between the origination of the sound and the returning of the echo
indicated how far the ship was from the cliffs or theshore. The direction from
The bearing to a target found by the radar is determined by the direction in
which the radar scanner antenna is pointing when it emits an electronic pulse
and then eceives a returning echo. Each time the scanner rotates pulses are
transmitted in the full 360 degree circle, each pulse at a slightly differentbearing
from the previous one. Therefore, if one knows the direction in whichthe signal
Note that the speed of the radar waves out to the target and back again as echoes
is extremely fast compared to the speed of totation of the antenna. By the time
radar echoes have returned to the scanner, the amount of scanner rotation after
Radar determines the distance to the target by calculating the time difference
between the transmission of a radar signal and the reception of the reflected
echo. It is a known fact that radar waves travel at a nearly constant speed of
162,000 nautical miles per second. Therefore the time required for a transmitted
signal to travel to the target and return as an echo to the source is a measure
of the distance to the target. Note that the echo makes a complete round trip,
but only half the time of travel is needed to determine the one-way distance to
the target. This radar automatically takes this into account it making the range
echoes as an aid to navigation is not a new development.
which the echo was heard indicated the relative bearing of the shore.
is sent out, one knows the direction from which the echo must return.
initial transmitting of the radar pulse is extremely small.
calculation.
1.1 What is Radar?
1.2 How Ships Determined Position Before Radar
1.4 How Radar Determines Bearing
1.5 Radar Wave Speed and Antenna Rotation Speed
1.3 How Radar Determines Range
8

The range and bearing of a target is displayed on what is called a Plan Position
Indicator (PPI). This display is essentially a polar diagram, with the transmitting
ship's position at the center. Images of target echoes are received and displayed
at their relative bearings, and at their distance from the PPI center. With a
continuous display of the images of targets, the motion of the transmitting ship
1.6 The Radar Display
Own ship
(radar)
(A) Bird's eye view of situation (B) Radar picture of (A)
Own ship
in center
Targets Heading line
Range and bearing of
a target, relative to own
ship, are readable on
the PPI
Figure 1-1 How radar works
is also displayed.
9

2. BASIC OPERATION
2.1 Control Description
Figure 2-1 Control panel
*Default switch function.
Brief press:
Displays the data of target
selected with the cursor
Long press:
Terminates plotting of the target
selected with the cursor.
Opens/closes menus.
Selects
EBL1/EBL2/VRM1/VRM2
Control:
Adjusts sensitivity.
Switch:
Temporarily erases heading
line (and north mark if displayed).
Control:
Reduces sea clutter.
Switch*:
(Long press) Shifts your vessel`s
position to cursor location.
(Brief press) Doubles size of
area between your vessel and
location selected by cursor.
Omnipad
Shifts cursor, VRM and EBL;
select items and options on
menu.
(1) Acquires the target selected
with the ominipad.
(2) Registers selection on
menus.
Sets guard zone area.
Sets radar range.
Enables/erases
EBL1/EBL2/EBL3/EBL4.
Outputs target position data.
Automatically reduces sea and
rain clutters.
Adjusts display brilliance.
Sets radar in stand-by;
transmits radar pulse.
Turns power on/off.
Control:
Reduces rain clutter.
Switch*:
Displaces the EBL origin.
Lights when the economy mode
is on.
10

2.2 Display Indication and Markers
.125NM
.0625
SP
HU
HDG 234.5 TRAIL AUTO
25:38 30M
*G OUT
ZOOM
ES
A/C
AUTO
EBL
345.6
R
23.0 R1.5 NM 0.06
13.5 R0.142NM
VRM
0.048NM
0.100NM
IR2
Range
Display mode
Cursor
VRM1
A/C AUTO
Zoom
OFFCENTER
VRM2
VRM1 range
VRM2 range
Cursor range
Range ring interval
Pulselength
EBL1
EBL1 bearing
EBL2 bearing
Cursor bearing
Interference rejector
North mark
Range ring
EBL2
Off center
Echo Stretch
Guard zone
Echo trail time
Tuning indicator
Heading line
Heading (requires heading data)
Echo trail elapsed time
Guard zone
Figure 2-2 Display indications
11

After the power is turned on and the magnetron has warmed up, STAND-BY
appears at the screen center. This means the radar is now fully operational. In
stand-by the radar is available for use at anytime - but no radar waves are being
transmitted. Press the [ST-BY/TX] key to transmit. When transmitting, any echoes
from targets appear on the display. This radar displays echoes in eight tones of
When you won't be using the radar for an extended period, but you want to keep
it in a state of readiness, place it in stand-by by pressing the [ST-BY/TX] key.
2.4 Transmitting
2.5 Stand-by
green according to echo strength.
The display shows "STAND-BY,"navigtion data, or goes into the economy
mode depending on menu setting. (More on menu operation later.)
Economy mode
The CRT can be set to automatically turn itself off when in stand-by, to reduce
power consumption. This feature is called the "economy mode." Power consu-
mption in the economy mode is 28W. When economy mode is no, the lamp
next to the [POWER] key lights.
Navigation data display during stand-by
If a navigation aid inputs navigation data to this radar, navigation data can be
displayed during stand-by. You can turn the navigation data display on/off
through the menu. Figure 2-3 shows a typical navigation data display during
standby.
Note 1:Availability of a particular display item depends on incoming data.
Note 2:When Range to Waypoint reaches 0.1nm, the WPT mark jumps to dead
ahead even though a difference may exist between heading and BRG to WPT.
Note 3:When cross track error exceeds 1 nm on either side, the XTE mark
starts blinking.
2.3 Turning the Radar On/Off
Press the [POWER] key to turn the radar on or off.
The control panel lights and a timer displays the time remaining for warm up of
the magnetron (the device which produces radar pulses), counting down from 1:30
to 0:01.
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