Orion A10E User manual

A10E/A28E/A28F
Configuration Guide

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A10E/A28E/A28F Configuration Guide
Preface
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Preface
Objectives
This guide describes features supported by the A10E/A28E, and related configurations,
including basic principles and configuration procedure of Ethernet, route, reliability, OAM,
security, and QoS, and related configuration examples.
The appendix lists terms, acronyms, and abbreviations involved in this document.
By reading this guide, you can master principles and configurations of the A10E/A28E, and
how to network with theA10E/A28E.
Versions
The following table lists the product versions related to this document.
Product name
Hardware version
Software version
A10E
A
NOS_4.14
A28E
A
NOS_4.14
Conventions
Symbol conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows.
Symbol
Description
Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk which, if
not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided,
could cause equipment damage, data loss, and performance
degradation, or unexpected results.
Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement
important points of the main text.

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Symbol
Description
Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time.
General conventions
Convention
Description
Times New Roman
Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman.
Arial
Paragraphs in Warning, Caution, Notes, and Tip are in Arial.
Boldface
Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in boldface.
For example, log in as user root.
Italic
Book titles are in italics.
Lucida Console
Terminal display is in Lucida Console.
Command conventions
Convention
Description
Boldface
The keywords of a command line are in boldface.
Italic
Command arguments are in italics.
[]
Items (keywords or arguments) in square brackets [ ] are
optional.
{ x | y | ... }
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by
vertical bars. Only one is selected.
[ x | y | ... ]
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets and
separated by vertical bars. One or none is selected.
{ x | y | ... } *
Alternative items are grouped in braces and separated by
vertical bars. A minimum of one or a maximum of all can be
selected.
[ x | y | ... ] *
Optional alternative items are grouped in square brackets and
separated by vertical bars. A minimum of none or a maximum
of all can be selected.

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GUI conventions
Convention
Description
Boldface
Buttons, menus, parameters, tabs, windows, and dialog titles
are in boldface. For example, click OK.
>
Multi-level menus are in boldface and separated by the ">"
signs. For example, choose File > Create > Folder.
Keyboard operation
Format
Description
Key
Press the key. For example, press Enter and press Tab.
Key 1+Key 2
Press the keys concurrently. For example, pressing Ctrl+C
means the two keys should be pressed concurrently.
Key 1, Key 2
Press the keys in turn. For example, pressing Alt, Ameans the
two keys should be pressed in turn.
Mouse operation
Action
Description
Click
Select and release the primary mouse button without moving
the pointer.
Double-click
Press the primary mouse button twice continuously and quickly
without moving the pointer.
Drag
Press and hold the primary mouse button and move the pointer
to a certain position.

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Contents
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Contents
Preface.......................................................................................................................................1
Objectives .......................................................................................................................................... 1
Versions ............................................................................................................................................. 1
Conventions ....................................................................................................................................... 1
Symbol conventions....................................................................................................................................1
General conventions ...................................................................................................................................2
Command conventions ...............................................................................................................................2
GUI conventions..........................................................................................................................................3
Keyboard operation ....................................................................................................................................3
Mouse operation.........................................................................................................................................3
Contents ....................................................................................................................................4
Figures .....................................................................................................................................16
Tables ......................................................................................................................................18
1 Basic configurations.................................................................................................................1
1.1 Accessing the device ..................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................1
1.1.2 Accessing from the Console interface................................................................................................2
1.1.3 Accessing from Telnet ........................................................................................................................3
1.1.4 Accessing from SSHv2 ........................................................................................................................4
1.1.5 Checking configurations.....................................................................................................................6
1.2 CLI ................................................................................................................................................ 6
1.2.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................6
1.2.2 Command line level ...........................................................................................................................7
1.2.3 Command line mode..........................................................................................................................7
1.2.4 Command line shortcuts....................................................................................................................9
1.2.5 Command line help message .......................................................................................................... 10
1.2.6 CLI message..................................................................................................................................... 12
1.2.7 Command line history message...................................................................................................... 13
1.2.8 Restoring default value of command line ....................................................................................... 14
1.3 Managing users........................................................................................................................... 14
1.3.1 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 15
1.4 Managing files ............................................................................................................................ 15
1.4.1 Managing BootROM files ................................................................................................................ 15
1.4.2 Managing system files..................................................................................................................... 17
1.4.3 Managing configuration files .......................................................................................................... 18
1.4.4 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 19

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1.5 Configuring clock management.................................................................................................... 19
1.5.1 Configuring time and time zone...................................................................................................... 19
1.5.2 Configuring DST............................................................................................................................... 20
1.5.3 Configuring NTP .............................................................................................................................. 20
1.5.4 Configuring SNTP ............................................................................................................................ 21
1.5.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 22
1.6 Configuring interface management.............................................................................................. 22
1.6.1 Default configurations of interfaces................................................................................................ 22
1.6.2 Configuring basic attributes for interfaces...................................................................................... 23
1.6.3 Configuring flow control on interfaces ........................................................................................... 23
1.6.4 Configuring the Combo interface.................................................................................................... 24
1.6.5 Configuring interface rate statistics ................................................................................................ 24
1.6.6 Configuring interface statistics........................................................................................................ 25
1.6.7 Enabling/Disabling interfaces ......................................................................................................... 25
1.6.8 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 25
1.7 Configuring basic information...................................................................................................... 26
1.8 Task scheduling........................................................................................................................... 27
1.9 Watchdog ................................................................................................................................... 27
1.10 Load and upgrade...................................................................................................................... 28
1.10.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 28
1.10.2 Configuring TFTP auto-upload method......................................................................................... 29
1.10.3 Upgrading system software by BootROM..................................................................................... 29
1.10.4 Upgrading system software by CLI................................................................................................ 31
1.10.5 Checking configurations................................................................................................................ 32
1.10.6 Exampe for configuring TFTP auto-loading................................................................................... 32
2 Ethernet ................................................................................................................................34
2.1 MAC address table ...................................................................................................................... 34
2.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 34
2.1.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 36
2.1.3 Default configurations of MAC address table ................................................................................. 36
2.1.4 Configuring static MAC address ...................................................................................................... 36
2.1.5 Configuring multicast filtering mode for MAC address table ......................................................... 37
2.1.6 Configuring MAC address learning.................................................................................................. 37
2.1.7 Configuring MAC address limit ....................................................................................................... 38
2.1.8 Configuring the aging time of MAC addresses................................................................................ 38
2.1.9 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 38
2.1.10 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................. 39
2.1.11 Example for configuring the MAC address table........................................................................... 39
2.2 VLAN .......................................................................................................................................... 40
2.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 40
2.2.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 42
2.2.3 Default configurations of VLAN....................................................................................................... 42
2.2.4 Configuring VLAN attributes ........................................................................................................... 43
2.2.5 Configuring interface mode ............................................................................................................ 43
2.2.6 Configuring VLAN on Access interface............................................................................................ 44
2.2.7 Configuring VLAN on the Trunk interface ....................................................................................... 44
2.2.8 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 45
2.3 QinQ........................................................................................................................................... 46
2.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 46

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2.3.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 47
2.3.3 Default configurations of QinQ ....................................................................................................... 47
2.3.4 Configuring basic QinQ ................................................................................................................... 47
2.3.5 Configuring selective QinQ ............................................................................................................. 47
2.3.6 Configuring the egress interface toTrunk mode ............................................................................. 48
2.3.7 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 48
2.3.8 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 48
2.3.9 Example for configuring basic QinQ................................................................................................ 49
2.3.10 Example for configuring selective QinQ........................................................................................ 51
2.4 VLAN mapping ............................................................................................................................ 54
2.4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 54
2.4.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 55
2.4.3 Configuring 1:1 VLAN mapping....................................................................................................... 55
2.4.4 Configuring N:1 VLAN mapping ...................................................................................................... 55
2.4.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 56
2.4.6 Example for configuring VLAN mapping ......................................................................................... 56
2.5 Interface protection .................................................................................................................... 58
2.5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 58
2.5.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 59
2.5.3 Default configurations of interface protection ............................................................................... 59
2.5.4 Configuring interface protection..................................................................................................... 59
2.5.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 59
2.5.6 Example for configuring interface protection................................................................................. 60
2.6 Port mirroring ............................................................................................................................. 63
2.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 63
2.6.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 63
2.6.3 Default configurations of port mirroring ........................................................................................ 64
2.6.4 Configuring port mirroring on a local port...................................................................................... 64
2.6.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 65
2.6.6 Example for configuring port mirroring .......................................................................................... 65
2.7 Layer 2 protocol transparent transmission ................................................................................... 66
2.7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 66
2.7.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 67
2.7.3 Default configurations of Layer 2 protocol transparent transmission ............................................ 67
2.7.4 Configuring transparent transmission parameters ......................................................................... 67
2.7.5 Checking configuration ................................................................................................................... 68
2.7.6 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 68
2.7.7 Configuring Layer 2 protocol transparent transmission.................................................................. 68
3 IP services .............................................................................................................................72
3.1 ARP ............................................................................................................................................ 72
3.1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 72
3.1.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 73
3.1.3 Default configurations of ARP......................................................................................................... 73
3.1.4 Configuring static ARP table entries................................................................................................ 73
3.1.5 Configuring aging time of dynamic ARP entries ............................................................................. 74
3.1.6 Configuring dynamic ARP entry learning mode.............................................................................. 74
3.1.7 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 74
3.1.8 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 74
3.1.9 Configuring ARP .............................................................................................................................. 75

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3.2 Layer 3 interface ......................................................................................................................... 76
3.2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 76
3.2.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 76
3.2.3 Configuring the Layer 3 interface.................................................................................................... 76
3.2.4 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 77
3.2.5 Example for configuring Layer 3 interface to interconnect with host............................................. 77
3.3 Default gateway.......................................................................................................................... 79
3.3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 79
3.3.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 79
3.3.3 Configuring the default gateway..................................................................................................... 79
3.3.4 Configuring static route................................................................................................................... 80
3.3.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 80
3.4 DHCP Client ................................................................................................................................ 80
3.4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 80
3.4.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 83
3.4.3 Default configurations of DHCP client............................................................................................. 83
3.4.4 Applying the IP address through DHCP........................................................................................... 83
3.4.5 (Optional) configuring DHCP client ................................................................................................. 84
3.4.6 (Optional) Renewing or releasing the IP address............................................................................ 84
3.4.7 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 85
3.4.8 Configuring DHCP clients application.............................................................................................. 85
3.5 DHCP Relay ................................................................................................................................. 86
3.5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 86
3.5.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 87
3.5.3 Default configurations of DHCP Relay............................................................................................. 87
3.5.4 Configuring global DHCP Relay ....................................................................................................... 87
3.5.5 Configuring interface DHCP Relay................................................................................................... 87
3.5.6 Configuring the destination IP address for forwarding packets...................................................... 88
3.5.7 (Optional) configuring DHCP Relay to support Option 82 .............................................................. 88
3.5.8 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 88
3.6 DHCP Snooping ........................................................................................................................... 89
3.6.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 89
3.6.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 90
3.6.3 Default configurations of DHCP Snooping ...................................................................................... 90
3.6.4 Configuring DHCP Snooping............................................................................................................ 90
3.6.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 91
3.6.6 Example for configuring DHCP Snooping ........................................................................................ 91
3.7 DHCP options.............................................................................................................................. 93
3.7.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 93
3.7.2 Preparing for configurations ........................................................................................................... 94
3.7.3 Default configurations of DHCP Option .......................................................................................... 94
3.7.4 Configuring DHCP Option field........................................................................................................ 95
3.7.5 Checking configurations.................................................................................................................. 95
4 QoS .......................................................................................................................................96
4.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 96
4.1.1 Service model.................................................................................................................................. 96
4.1.2 Priority trust.................................................................................................................................... 97
4.1.3 Traffic classification......................................................................................................................... 97
4.1.4 Traffic policy .................................................................................................................................... 99

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4.1.5 Priority mapping ........................................................................................................................... 100
4.1.6 Congestion management.............................................................................................................. 100
4.1.7 Rate limiting based on interface and VLAN .................................................................................. 101
4.2 Configuring basic QoS................................................................................................................ 102
4.2.1 Preparing for configurations ......................................................................................................... 102
4.2.2 Default configurations of basic QoS.............................................................................................. 102
4.2.3 Enabling global QoS ...................................................................................................................... 102
4.2.4 Checking configurations................................................................................................................ 102
4.3 Configuring traffic classification and traffic policy....................................................................... 103
4.3.1 Preparing for configurations ......................................................................................................... 103
4.3.2 Default configurations of traffic classification and traffic policy................................................... 103
4.3.3 Creating traffic classification......................................................................................................... 103
4.3.4 Configuring traffic classification rules........................................................................................... 103
4.3.5 Creating token bucket and rate limiting rules............................................................................... 104
4.3.6 Creating traffic policy .................................................................................................................... 105
4.3.7 Defining traffic policy mapping ..................................................................................................... 105
4.3.8 Defining traffic policy operations.................................................................................................. 105
4.3.9 Applying traffic policy to interfaces .............................................................................................. 106
4.3.10 Checking configurations.............................................................................................................. 107
4.3.11 Maintenance ............................................................................................................................... 107
4.4 Configuring priority mapping..................................................................................................... 107
4.4.1 Preparing for configurations ......................................................................................................... 107
4.4.2 Default configurations of basic QoS.............................................................................................. 108
4.4.3 Configuring interface trust priority type....................................................................................... 108
4.4.4 Configuring CoS to local priority ................................................................................................... 109
4.4.5 Configuring mapping from DSCP to local priority ......................................................................... 109
4.4.6 Configuring mapping from local priority to DSCP ......................................................................... 109
4.4.7 Configuring all-traffic modification on the interface .................................................................... 110
4.4.8 Configuring specific-traffic modification....................................................................................... 110
4.4.9 Configuring CoS copying ............................................................................................................... 110
4.4.10 Checking configurations.............................................................................................................. 111
4.5 Configuring congestion management......................................................................................... 111
4.5.1 Preparing for configurations ......................................................................................................... 111
4.5.2 Default configurations of congestion management ..................................................................... 112
4.5.3 Configuring SP queue scheduling.................................................................................................. 112
4.5.4 Configuring WRR or SP+WRR queue scheduling........................................................................... 112
4.5.5 Configuring queue transmission rate............................................................................................ 112
4.5.6 Checking configurations................................................................................................................ 113
4.6 Configuring rate limiting based on interface and VLAN ............................................................... 113
4.6.1 Preparing for configurations ......................................................................................................... 113
4.6.2 Configuring rate limiting based on interface ................................................................................ 113
4.6.3 Configuring rate limiting based on VLAN...................................................................................... 114
4.6.4 Configuring rate limiting based on QinQ ...................................................................................... 114
4.6.5 Checking configurations................................................................................................................ 114
4.6.6 Maintenance ................................................................................................................................. 114
4.7 Configuring examples................................................................................................................ 115
4.7.1 Example for configuring congestion management ....................................................................... 115
4.7.2 Example for configuring rate limiting based on interface............................................................. 117
5 Multicast............................................................................................................................. 119