Positron GAM-12-M User manual

G.hn Access Multiplexer (GAM)
Quick Installation Guide
GAM-12-M / GAM-24-M
GAM-12-C / GAM-24-C

GAM Quick Installation Guide
Positron Access Solutions 2 Document 180-0193-001 R01
Publication Information
©2020 Positron Access Solutions
GAM (G.hn Access Multiplexer)
Quick Installation Guide
Publication date: May 2020
Printed in Canada
Published By
Positron Access Solutions
5101 Buchan Street, Suite 220
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
H4P 2R9
Telephone US and Canada: 1-888-577-5254
International: [phone]
Product names, other than Positron's, mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks
their respective companies.
Disclaimer Notice
Although Positron Access Solutions has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information
contained herein, this document is subject to change.

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CONTENTS
Chapter 1.........................................................................................................................................5
About the GAM...............................................................................................................................5
1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................6
1.2 GAM Connections.............................................................................................................7
1.2.1 Power Connection........................................................................................................7
1.2.2 Ethernet (SFP+) Ports..................................................................................................8
1.2.3 G.hn Ports....................................................................................................................8
1.2.4 Local management ports .............................................................................................9
1.2.5 GAM LED Indicators ..................................................................................................10
1.2.6 GAM Reset Button.....................................................................................................11
Chapter 2.......................................................................................................................................12
WEB Management........................................................................................................................12
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................13
2.2 System Management ......................................................................................................13
2.2.1 Logging into the WEB GUI.........................................................................................13
2.2.2 System.......................................................................................................................14
2.2.3 General Information...................................................................................................14
Chapter 3.......................................................................................................................................15
Technical Specifications.............................................................................................................15
3.1 GAM Technical Specifications ........................................................................................16
Chapter 4.......................................................................................................................................20
Safety and Warnings....................................................................................................................20
Chapter 5.......................................................................................................................................23
Warranty and Customer Service ................................................................................................23

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List of Figures
FIGURE 1: GAM-12-M FRONT PLATE .....................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 2: GAM-24-M FRONT PLATE ....................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 3:GAM-12-C FRONT PLATE.......................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 4: GAM-24-C FRONT PLATE.......................................................................................................................7
FIGURE 5:GAM POWER INPUT CONNECTOR.............................................................................................................7
FIGURE 6:GAM SFP+ CONNECTORS.......................................................................................................................8
FIGURE 7: GAM G.HN RJ-45 CONNECTORS .............................................................................................................8
FIGURE 8: CLOSE-UP OF GAM G.HN RJ-14 CONNECTOR.............................................................................................9
FIGURE 9:CLOSE-UP OF GAM G.HN RJ-45 CONNECTOR .............................................................................................9
FIGURE 10: GAM G.HN F-TYPE CONNECTORS...........................................................................................................9
FIGURE 11: GAM SERIAL MANAGEMENT PORT PINOUT ............................................................................................10
FIGURE 12: GAM LOCAL MANAGEMENT PORTS ......................................................................................................10
FIGURE 13: GAM RESET (RST) BUTTON ................................................................................................................11
FIGURE 14: GAM LOGIN PAGE (BROWSER SPECIFIC)................................................................................................13
FIGURE 15: GAM PORT STATUS PAGE (DEFAULT PAGE AFTER LOGIN)...........................................................................14
List of Tables
TABLE 1: GAM LED INDICATORS ..........................................................................................................................10
TABLE 2: GAM DEFAULT CREDENTIALS ...................................................................................................................13
TABLE 3: GAM SUMMARY FEATURES ....................................................................................................................19

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Chapter 1
______________________________________
About the GAM

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1.1 Introduction
The GAM is a Fiber to the Distribution Point (FTTDp) solution typically installed
inside a wiring closet. Each GAM comes with two (2) 10 Gigabit SFP+ interfaces
to support any type of fiber or PON standards (using an SFP-based or external
ONT as required that is compatible with the OLT). These SFP+ ports can further
support additional GAM devices in medium to large MDUs and share the fiber
backhaul link.
The ITU-T G.9960 G.hn Wave-2 standard leverages the existing telephone wiring
(UTP, CAT-3 or CAT-5/5e) or RG-6/RG-59 coax cabling to deliver a Gigabit
Internet service to each subscriber without the cost, complexity and delays
associated with in-building fiber installation. G.hn is an Access technology for
Operators looking to simplify their access network and backend infrastructure
with an Ethernet-like technology that is highly scalable without some of the
inherent complexity of DSL-related technologies. With G.hn, Operators deliver
advanced services such as Gigabit High Speed Residential Internet and 4K IPTV
without the high capital and operational expenses associated with a fiber retrofit.
Each G.hn subscriber port supports up to 1.7 Gbps of dynamically allocated
bandwidth for near symmetrical Gigabit services over the existing telephone wire
or coaxial cable. The Positron GAM solution is MEF CE 2.0 compliant and is
ideally suited to deliver Business Ethernet services in an MDU and/or MTU
deployment.
Note: Read Chapter 5 Safety and Warnings before proceeding.

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1.2 GAM Connections
All ports and connectors of GAM devices are located on the front of the device.
Figure 1: GAM-12-M Front Plate
Figure 2: GAM-24-M Front Plate
Figure 3: GAM-12-C Front Plate
Figure 4: GAM-24-C Front Plate
1.2.1 Power Connection
The GAM devices require local 110-220Vac power and come with a country-
specific power cord. The power connector incorporates an ON/OFF power
switch. A field-replaceable fuse (250v / 5A 5mm x 20mm cartridge type time lag
(slow blow) is part of the AC power connector housing as per the following
illustration.
Figure 5: GAM Power Input Connector
Field-replaceable fuse, remove from
cover to access the fuse.

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1.2.2 Ethernet (SFP+) Ports
Figure 6: GAM SFP+ Connectors
The GAM has two (2) SFP+ ports that support any MSA-compliant SFP/SFP+
modules. (Fiber: 1G, 10G and Copper RJ-45: 100M, 1G)
Second uplink allows you to:
Increase overall capacity
oEither via Link aggregation, or
oBy splitting subscriber traffic between the two uplinks.
Uplink protection
oLACP
oRing G.8032
oPoint to point G.8031
Daisy chain another GAM
Important note: When connecting the SFP+ port to a Passive Optical Network
(PON) fiber connection, please make sure to use an Optical Network Unit (ONU)
approved by the OLT vendor you are using.
1.2.3 G.hn Ports
The GAM-12-M has 12 G.hn RJ-45 ports and the GAM-24-M has 24 G.hn RJ-45
ports. When connecting a single telephone pair to an RJ-45 port (SISO mode),
you need to use the “inner” pair. When connecting a second pair (MIMO mode),
the second pair needs to be connected to the “outer” pair.
Figure 7: GAM G.hn RJ-45 Connectors
NOTE: RJ-45 or RJ-14 cables can both be used to connect to the GAM

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Looking at the RJ-14 connector below, pair 1 (inner pair) is connected to pins 2
and 3. Pair 2 (outer pair) is connected to pins 1 and 4.
Figure 8: Close-up of GAM G.hn RJ-14 Connector
Looking at the RJ-45 connector below, pair 1 (inner pair) is connected to pins 4
and 5. Pair 2 (outer pair) is connected to pins 3 and 6.
Figure 9:Close-up of GAM G.hn RJ-45 Connector
The GAM-12-C has 12 G.hn F-type Coax ports and the GAM-24-C has 24 G.hn
F-type Coax ports. Each F-type G.hn port of the GAM can serve up to sixteen
(16) remote G.hn end-point devices using standard coax splitters (5 MHz to 2400
MHz). Note: coax splitters are optional and not included with the GAM devices.
Figure 10: GAM G.hn F-type Connectors
1.2.4 Local management ports
The GAM devices have two (2) local management ports. The CRAFT port is a
standard serial (V.24, 115200, 8, N, 1)) port that provides access to the
command line interface of the GAM device. The pinout of the RJ-45 serial port is
compatible with the popular Cisco pinout as per the following diagram:

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Figure 11: GAM Serial Management Port pinout
The MGMT port is a 10/100/1000BaseTX Ethernet port that provides access to
the WEB GUI interface using a standard WEB browser or an SSH interface to the
command line interface of the GAM device.
Figure 12: GAM Local Management Ports
1.2.5 GAM LED Indicators
The GAM uses two (2) LED indicators to provide information about its global
status and operating mode. The G.hn ports have status LEDs under each port.
The two (2) SFP+ ports of the GAM each have a dedicated status LED located
under each SFP+ connector.
LED
Condition
Function
SRV
Solid Green
Solid Yellow
Solid Red
System OK
GAM is starting up
No Internet Connection
STA
Solid Green
Solid Yellow
Blinking Yellow
Solid Red
Normal
Minor Alarm Active
Firmware Update in Progress
Critical or Major Alarm Active
G.hn ports
Off
Blinking
On
Disabled or Link Down
Bad or low speed G.hn link
Link is Up
1 or 2 (located under
SFP+ connector)
Off
Green
Blinking green
Disabled or Link is Down
Link is Up
Link Activity
Table 1: GAM LED indicators

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1.2.6 GAM Reset Button
Press the recessed RST button to reset the GAM. When depressed for two (2)
to ten (10) seconds, it will perform a cold reboot of the GAM. When depressed
for more than ten (10) seconds, it will return the GAM device to its original factory
default settings and will perform a cold reboot of the GAM
Figure 13: GAM Reset (RST) button

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Chapter 2
______________________________________
WEB Management

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2.1 Introduction
A WEB GUI interface and a Command Line Interface (CLI) are available to
manage GAM devices. Supported WEB browsers include Chrome, Edge or
Firefox.
2.2 System Management
2.2.1 Logging into the WEB GUI
The default configuration values of the GAM devices are:
IP Address
192.168.10.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Username
admin
Password
Table 2: GAM default credentials
Important Note: older firmware versions prior of v1.1.x had default IP set to
192.168.1.1
Enter the system's IP Address into the Web browser and a login screen similar to
the following will appear:
Figure 14: GAM Login Page (Browser specific)

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Enter a Username and Password for the GAM device. The default Username is
admin and the default password is null (not defined). Click OK.
IMPORTANT SECURITY NOTE: After a successful initial login, please change
the password to avoid unauthorized access to the GAM device.
About the X.509 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Certificate: you may want to
replace the default Positron-signed PKI Certificate used by the WEB GUI
Administration Interface pre-installed by Positron with one from your preferred
Certificate Authority.
Note: Secure HTTP is disabled by default. HTTPS can be enabled via menu:
Configuration>Security>Switch>HTTPS
2.2.2 System
The System monitor page provides a front panel representation of the GAM
device. The front panel is specific to the version of the GAM device. The sample
screenshot below is for the GAM-12-M.
Figure 15: GAM Port Status page (default page after login)
2.2.3 General Information
For complete detail on web management, please refer to the GAM User’s Guide.

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Chapter 3
______________________________________
Technical Specifications

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3.1 GAM Technical Specifications
Part Number
10GigE SFP+
G.hn Ports / Type
Out-of-band Management
Ports
GAM-12-M
2
12 MIMO (RJ-45)
1 x 10/100/1000BaseT
1 x serial
GAM-24-M
2
24 MIMO (RJ-45)
1 x 10/100/1000BaseT
1 x serial
GAM-12-C
2
12 COAX (F-type)
1 x 10/100/1000BaseT
1 x serial
GAM-24-C
2
24 COAX (F-type)
1 x 10/100/1000BaseT
1 x serial
Environmental
Dimensions
17.4” (442 mm) Width x 1.73” (44 mm) Height x 10.0” (254 mm) Depth
Power Source
100-240 vAC / 50~60 Hz
Operating Temperature
0℃to 45℃
Storage Temperature
0℃to 45℃
Operating Humidity
10% to 90% relative, non-condensing
10 Gbps Network-Network Interface (NNI)
2 x SFP+ ports
SFP+ offer versatile support for Active Ethernet and for GEPON, 10GEPON, NG-PON2
and XGS-PON via external ONU/ONT devices
Also compatible with 3rd party PON SFP ONT modules
G.hn Specification
G.hn Standards
G.hn Wave-2 Domain Master on all GAM ports (MIMO or Coax)
Based on GigaWire Alliance specification and fully compliant with the following ITU-T
standards
G.9960 Amendment 2 - System Architecture and PHY Layer
G.9961 Data Link Layer
G.9962 Management
G.9964 PSD
Ease of Deployment
Support G.hn operation over telephone wiring (RJ-45 with 1 or 2 pairs) and coax cabling
(F-type connector)
Point to Point and Point
to Multipoint support
Point-to-point (twisted pair and coax)
Point-to-multipoint operation (coax) for up to 16 Subscriber CPEs per G.hn port
Ease of Operation
Supports firmware and configuration management of G.hn end-point devices
Encryption
AES-128 encryption with individual keys for each End Point. The Positron GAM Domain
Master is also acting as the G.hn Security Controller
Modulation and
Frequency Band
Supports OFDM 200 MHz. Telephone wiring supports 1 pair (Singe Input Single Output -
SISO) and 2 pairs (Multiple Input Multiple Output - MIMO) per RJ-45 port
Radio Band Notching function allows cohabitation with legacy analog cable TV channels
on coax cabling and concurrent use with POTS and DSL on telephone pairs

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Bandwidth
Management
Up to 1.7 Gbps with Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation to optimize throughput based on
nature of traffic flows with TDD Multiplexing for programmable upstream / downstream
ratio
Vectoring (Telephone
Wiring)
Support for VectorBoost™ vectoring for FEXT (Far-End Crosstalk) mitigation and
improved performance over Telephone wiring
Mitigation of Near-end
Crosstalk
Near End Crosstalk (NEXT) Mitigation and support for Neighbor Domain Interface
Mitigation (NDIM)
PSD
Programmable PSD mask for coexistence with xDSL / radio and Far End Crosstalk
(FEXT) mitigation via VectorBoost™ vectoring
Reliability and
Resiliency
State of the art LDPC Forward Error Correction (FEC)
Layer 2 Switching
Spanning Tree Protocol
(STP)
Standard Spanning Tree 802.1d
Rapid Spanning Tree (RSTP) 802.1w
Multiple Spanning Tree (MSTP) 802.1s
MAC Table
Up to 32K MAC addresses
Trunking
Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) IEEE 802.3ad for any SFP+ or G.hn ports
VLAN
Supports up to 4K VLANs simultaneously (out of 4096 VLAN IDs)
Port-based VLAN
IEEE 802.1Q tag-based VLAN
IEEE 802.1ad (Q-in-Q) double tag VLAN
MAC-based VLAN
Management VLAN
Private VLAN Edge (PVE)
Generic VLAN
Registration (GVRP)
Protocols for automatically propagating and configuring VLANs in a Multicast Domain for
IPTV and other multicast services
IGMP v1/v2/v3
snooping
IGMP limits bandwidth-intensive multicast traffic to only the requesters
Supports 1024 multicast groups
IGMP Proxy
IGMP snooping with proxy reporting or report suppression actively filters IGMP packets in
order to reduce load on the multicast router
IGMP Query
IGMP query is used to support layer-2 multicast domain in the absence of a multicast
router
MLD v1/v2 snooping
Deliver IPv6 multicast packets only to the required receivers
DHCP Server
Supports DHCP server to assign addresses to IPv4 client devices
DHCP Snooping
DHCP snooping provides security by filtering un-trusted DHCP messages and by building
and maintaining a DHCP snooping binding table
DHCP Relay
By supporting DHCP option 82, it is possible to forward DHCP requests to another
specific DHCP server via DHCP relay. The DHCP server may be on another network
Layer-3 Support
IPv4 Static Routing
Static routing of IPv4 unicast traffic
IPv6 Static Routing
Static routing of IPv6 unicast traffic

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Security
Secure Shell (SSH)
Protocol
SSH secures Telnet traffic in and out of the switch, SSH v1, v2 are supported
Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL)
SSL encrypts the HTTP traffic, allowing advanced secure access to the browser-based
management GUI in the switch
IEEE 802.1X
IEEE 802.1X: RADIUS authentication, authorization and accounting, MD5 hash, single /
multiple host mode and single / multiple sessions
Supports IGMP-RADIUS based 802.1X Dynamic VLAN assignment
RADIUS/ TACACS+
Supports RADIUS and TACACS+ authentication
G.hn Aggregation Multiplexer acting as a RADIUS client
Layer 2 Isolation
Private VLAN Edge
(PVE)
PVE (also known as protected ports) provides L2 isolation between clients in the same
VLAN, supports multiple uplinks
Port Security
Locks MAC Addresses to ports and limits the number of learned MAC addresses
IP Source Guard
Prevents datagram with spoofed addresses from being in the network
Storm Control
Prevents traffic on a LAN from being disrupted by a broadcast, multicast, or unicast storm
on a port
ACLs
Supports up to 256 entries
Drop or rate limitation based on source and destination MAC, VLAN ID or IP address,
protocol, port, differentiated services code point (DSCP) / IP precedence, TCP / UDP
source and destination ports, 802.1p priority, Ethernet type, Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP) packets, IGMP packets, TCP flag
Quality of Service
Hardware Priority
Queue
Support 8 hardware queues
Scheduling
Strict priority and Weighted Round-Robin (WRR)
Queue assignment based on DSCP and class of service (802.1p/ CoS)
Classification
Port based; 802.1p VLAN priority based; IPv4/IPv6 precedence/ type of service (ToS) /
DSCP based; Differentiated Services (DiffServ); classification and re-marking ACLs,
trusted QoS
Rate Limiting
Ingress policer; egress shaping and rate control; per VLAN, per port and flow based
IPv6 Support
Web/ SSL, Telnet/ SSH, ping, Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP), Trivial File
Transfer Protocol (TFTP), SNMP, RADIUS, Syslog, DNS Client, protocol based VLANs
Carrier Ethernet Protocol and features
IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet
OAM
Link Fault Management (LFM) for Ethernet links as defined in IEEE 802.3ah
IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet
CFM
IEEE 802.1ag Ethernet CFM function that provides connectivity fault management
ITU-T Y.1731
ITU-T service OAM standard Y.1731 divides a network into maintenance domains in the
form of hierarchy levels
ITU-T G.8031 AND
G.8032v2
Provides the standards-based method of delivering high-performance Carrier Ethernet
services over a multi-node ring protection switching to serve large MDUs or MTUs

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Management
Web GUI Interface
Built-in configuration utility for browser-based device configuration (HTTP/ HTTPs).
Supports configuration, system dashboard, maintenance and monitoring
Firmware Upgrade
Web browser upgrade (HTTP/ HTTPs) and TFTP
Secure upgrade through console port
Dual Firmware Image
Dual image and firmware partition provides independent primary and secondary OS files
for backup while upgrading. Each firmware image has its corresponding firmware
partition
SNMP
SNMP version1, 2c and 3 with support for traps and SNMP version 3 user-based security
model (USM)
Remote Monitoring
(RMON)
Embedded RMON software agent supports RMON groups 1,2,3,9 (history, statistics,
alarms and events) for enhanced traffic management, monitoring and analysis
IPv4 and IPv6 Dual
Stack
Coexistence of both protocol stacks to support a seamless migration
Port Mirroring
Traffic on a port can be mirrored to another port for Legal Interception (CALEA) or
analysis with a network analyzer or RMON probe. Up to N-1 (N is Switch’s Ports) ports
can be mirrored to single destination port. A single session is supported
Network Time Protocol
Network Time Protocol (NTP) for clock synchronization over packet switched networks
Other Management
HTTP / HTTPs; SSH; RADIUS; DHCP Client / DHCPv6 Client; SNTP; cable diagnostics;
ping; syslog; Telnet client (SSH secure support), IPv6 Management
Discovery
Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) (IEEE 802.1ab) with LLDP-MED extensions
Table 3: GAM Summary Features

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Chapter 4
______________________________________
Safety and Warnings