Positron GAM-12-M User manual

G.hn Access Multiplexer (GAM)
Installation and Activation Guide
GAM-12-M / GAM-24-M
GAM-12-C / GAM-24-C

GAM Installation and Activation Guide
Positron Access Solutions 2 Document 180-0186-001 R03
Publication Information
©2020 Positron Access Solutions
GAM (G.hn Access Multiplexer)
Installation and Activation Guide
Publication date: May 2020
Printed in Canada
Published By
Positron Access Solutions
5101 Buchan Street, Suite 220
Montreal, Quebec, Canada
H4P 2R9
Telephone US and Canada: 1-888-577-5254
International: [phone]
Product names, other than Positron's, mentioned herein may be trademarks and/or registered trademarks
their respective companies.
Disclaimer Notice
Although Positron Access Solutions has made every effort to ensure the accuracy of the information
contained herein, this document is subject to change.

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CONTENTS
Chapter 1.........................................................................................................................................7
About the GAM...............................................................................................................................7
1.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................8
1.2 GAM Connections.............................................................................................................9
1.2.1 Power Connection........................................................................................................9
1.2.2 Ethernet (SFP+) Ports................................................................................................10
1.2.3 G.hn Ports..................................................................................................................10
1.2.4 Local management ports ...........................................................................................11
1.2.5 GAM LED Indicators ..................................................................................................12
1.2.6 GAM Reset Button.....................................................................................................13
1.3 G1000-M (MIMO/SISO) Copper Endpoint ......................................................................13
1.4 G1001-M and G1001-MP (MIMO/SISO) Copper Endpoint.............................................14
1.5 G1000-C (COAX) Endpoint.............................................................................................15
1.6 G1001-C (COAX) Endpoint.............................................................................................16
Chapter 2.......................................................................................................................................17
WEB Management........................................................................................................................17
2.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................18
2.2 System Management ......................................................................................................18
2.2.1 Logging into the WEB GUI.........................................................................................18
2.2.2 System.......................................................................................................................19
2.2.3 General Information...................................................................................................20
2.3 Configuring the Uplink (WAN).........................................................................................21
2.3.1SFP+ ports.................................................................................................................21
2.3.2 Inband Management..................................................................................................22
2.4 Configuring a G.hn Service.............................................................................................23
2.4.1 G.hn Port....................................................................................................................23
2.4.2 Bandwidth Profiles (Bandwidth Plans).......................................................................24
2.4.3 Endpoint Devices (G.hn Bridge) ................................................................................25
2.4.4 Subscribers................................................................................................................27
2.5 G.hn Power Mask Configuration .....................................................................................29
2.6 VectorBoost configuration...............................................................................................30
2.7 Managing VLANs on the uplink.......................................................................................33
2.8 IPTV application..............................................................................................................38
2.8.1 Configure allowed VLAN in subscriber ......................................................................38
2.8.2 Create an IP interface VLAN for IGMP snooping. .....................................................38
2.8.3 Enable IGMP snooping..............................................................................................38
2.8.4 IP Multicast (IPMC) Profile Management...................................................................44
2.8.5 Optional MVR proxy...................................................................................................48
2.9 DHCP Snooping / Option-82...........................................................................................51
2.9.1 DHCP relay (unicast request)....................................................................................54
2.9.2 DHCP forward (broadcast request) ...........................................................................54
2.10 PPPoE Intermediate Agent .........................................................................................54
Chapter 3.......................................................................................................................................56
Monitoring the GAM.....................................................................................................................56

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3.1 Monitoring the GAM ........................................................................................................57
3.2 System Information .........................................................................................................57
3.3 G.hn Ports, End-Points and Subscribers ........................................................................58
3.4 Monitor IP multicast group (IGMP snooping)..................................................................61
3.5 MIMO Diagnostics: SNR, NOISE, PSD Rx Graphs ........................................................64
3.6 COAX Diagnostics: SNR, NOISE, PSD Rx Graphs........................................................70
3.7 Firmware upgrade...........................................................................................................73
3.7.1 Upgrade GAM Firmware from File on your PC..........................................................73
3.7.2 Upgrade GAM Firmware from URL............................................................................74
3.7.3 Activate Alternate Image............................................................................................75
3.8 Configuration backup and restore...................................................................................76
3.8.1 Backup the configuration ...........................................................................................76
3.8.2 Restore the configuration...........................................................................................76
Chapter 4.......................................................................................................................................78
Technical and Regulatory Specifications..................................................................................78
4.1 GAM Technical Specifications ........................................................................................79
4.2 G1000/1001 Technical Specifications.............................................................................83
4.3 Regulatory Compliance...................................................................................................84
Chapter 5.......................................................................................................................................86
Safety and Warnings....................................................................................................................86
Chapter 6.......................................................................................................................................89
Warranty and Customer Service ................................................................................................89

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Table of Figures
FIGURE 1: GAM-12-M FRONT PLATE .....................................................................................................................9
FIGURE 2: GAM-24-M FRONT PLATE ....................................................................................................................9
FIGURE 3:GAM-12-C FRONT PLATE.......................................................................................................................9
FIGURE 4: GAM-24-C FRONT PLATE.......................................................................................................................9
FIGURE 5:GAM POWER INPUT CONNECTOR.............................................................................................................9
FIGURE 6:GAM SFP+ CONNECTORS.....................................................................................................................10
FIGURE 7: GAM G.HN RJ-45 CONNECTORS ...........................................................................................................10
FIGURE 8: CLOSE-UP OF GAM G.HN RJ-14 CONNECTOR...........................................................................................11
FIGURE 9:CLOSE-UP OF GAM G.HN RJ-45 CONNECTOR ...........................................................................................11
FIGURE 10: GAM G.HN F-TYPE CONNECTORS.........................................................................................................11
FIGURE 11: GAM SERIAL MANAGEMENT PORT PINOUT ............................................................................................12
FIGURE 12: GAM LOCAL MANAGEMENT PORTS ......................................................................................................12
FIGURE 13: GAM RESET (RST) BUTTON ................................................................................................................13
FIGURE 14:G1000-M PORT DEFINITION................................................................................................................14
FIGURE 15:G1001-M PORT DEFINITION................................................................................................................14
FIGURE 16: G1001-MP PORT DEFINITION .............................................................................................................15
FIGURE 17: G1000-C PORT DEFINITION.................................................................................................................15
FIGURE 18: G1001-C PORT DEFINITION.................................................................................................................16
FIGURE 19: GAM LOGIN PAGE (BROWSER SPECIFIC)................................................................................................18
FIGURE 20: GAM PORT STATUS PAGE (DEFAULT PAGE AFTER LOGIN)...........................................................................19
FIGURE 21: PORT CONFIGURATION PAGE................................................................................................................21
FIGURE 22: IN-BAND MANAGEMENT SETTINGS........................................................................................................22
FIGURE 23: SERVICE CONFIGURATION ....................................................................................................................23
FIGURE 24: G.HN (COAX)PORT CONFIGURATION SETTINGS........................................................................................23
FIGURE 25: G.HN (COPPER)PORT CONFIGURATION SETTINGS ....................................................................................24
FIGURE 26: CONFIGURING &MANAGING BANDWIDTH PLANS....................................................................................24
FIGURE 27: ADDING A BANDWIDTH PLAN...............................................................................................................25
FIGURE 28: MANAGING ENDPOINT DEVICES ............................................................................................................26
FIGURE 29: ADDING AN ENDPOINT DEVICE..............................................................................................................26
FIGURE 30: MANAGING SUBSCRIBERS ....................................................................................................................27
FIGURE 31: ADDING SUBSCRIBERS.........................................................................................................................28
FIGURE 32: SETTING THE G.HN POWER MASK NOTCHES ...........................................................................................30
FIGURE 33: UNDERSTANDING VECTORBOOST LEVELS................................................................................................31
FIGURE 34: VECTORBOOST CONFIGURATION ...........................................................................................................33
FIGURE 38: GLOBAL VLAN CONFIGURATION TABLE..................................................................................................34
FIGURE 39: CONFIGURATION IGMP SNOOPING.......................................................................................................40
FIGURE 40: CONFIGURATION IGMP SNOOPING VLAN SETTINGS................................................................................42
FIGURE 41: ASSIGNING AN IGMP PROFILE TO A GAM PORT......................................................................................43
FIGURE 42: MANAGING AN IP MULTICAST PROFILE..................................................................................................44
FIGURE 43: CREATING OR EDITING AN IP MULTICAST PROFILE....................................................................................45
FIGURE 44: MANAGING IP ADDRESSES FOR AN IP MULTICAST PROFILE........................................................................45
FIGURE 45: CREATING AN IP ADDRESS RANGE FOR AN IP MULTICAST PROFILE...............................................................46
FIGURE 46: SETTING THE PRIORITY RULES FOR AN IP MULTICAST PROFILE .....................................................................47

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FIGURE 47: ADDING A BLOCK ALL RULE TO PROTECT THE IP MULTICAST SERVICE............................................................48
FIGURE 48: MANAGING MVR VLAN ASSIGNMENTS.................................................................................................51
FIGURE 49: MANAGING DHCP OPTION 82 ............................................................................................................52
FIGURE 50: BASIC DHCP RELAY CONFIGURATION SETTINGS ......................................................................................54
FIGURE 51: BASIC PPPOEINTERMEDIATE AGENT CONFIGURATION SETTINGS................................................................55
FIGURE 52: GAM SYSTEM OVERVIEW ...................................................................................................................57
FIGURE 53: GAM G.HN OVERVIEW (COAX –POINT TO MULTIPOINT)........................................................................58
FIGURE 54:GAM G.HN OVERVIEW (COPPER).........................................................................................................59
FIGURE 55:DETAILED ENDPOINT INFORMATION (MIMO).........................................................................................60
FIGURE 56: IGMP SNOOPING STATUS AND STATISTICS .............................................................................................62
FIGURE 57: IGMP SNOOPING GROUP INFORMATION ...............................................................................................63
FIGURE 58: IGMP SOURCE FILTERING MULTICAST (SF) INFORMATION ........................................................................64
FIGURE 59: SELECTING THE TYPE OF G.HN MEASUREMENT GRAPH (MIMO).................................................................65
FIGURE 60: SNR PROBE GRAPH (MIMO) ..............................................................................................................66
FIGURE 61: SNR DATA GRAPH (MIMO)................................................................................................................67
FIGURE 62: RECEIVE PSD GRAPH FROM REMOTE END-POINT (MIMO)........................................................................68
FIGURE 63: NOISE GRAPH (MIMO) ......................................................................................................................69
FIGURE 64: SELECTING THE END-POINT FOR THE OF G.HN MEASUREMENT GRAPH (COAX) .............................................70
FIGURE 65: SELECTING THE TYPE OF MEASUREMENT GRAPH (COAX)...........................................................................71
FIGURE 66: SNR PROBE GRAPH (COAX)................................................................................................................71
FIGURE 67: SNR DATA GRAPH (COAX) .................................................................................................................72
FIGURE 68: RECEIVE PSD GRAPH FROM REMOTE END-POINT (COAX).........................................................................72
FIGURE 69: NOISE GRAPH (COAX)........................................................................................................................73
FIGURE 70: SELECT FILE FOR FIRMWARE UPLOAD TO THE GAM..................................................................................74
FIGURE 68: ENTERING THE URL FOR FIRMWARE UPLOAD TO THE GAM.......................................................................74
FIGURE 69: SELECTING THE FIRMWARE IMAGE FOR THE GAM....................................................................................75
FIGURE 70: SELECTING THE FIRMWARE IMAGE FOR THE GAM....................................................................................76
FIGURE 71: SELECTING THE FIRMWARE IMAGE FOR THE GAM....................................................................................77
FIGURE 73: GAM PRODUCT SPECIFICATION............................................................................................................83
FIGURE 74: G1001 PRODUCT SPECIFICATION .........................................................................................................83

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Chapter 1
______________________________________
About the GAM

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1.1 Introduction
The GAM is a Fiber to the Distribution Point (FTTDp) solution typically installed
inside a wiring closet. Each GAM comes with two (2) 10 Gigabit SFP+ interfaces
to support any type of fiber or PON standards (using an SFP-based or external
ONT as required that is compatible with the OLT). These SFP+ ports can further
support additional GAM devices in medium to large MDUs and share the fiber
backhaul link.
The ITU-T G.9960 G.hn Wave-2 standard leverages the existing telephone wiring
(UTP, CAT-3 or CAT-5/5e) or RG-6/RG-59 coax cabling to deliver a Gigabit
Internet service to each subscriber without the cost, complexity and delays
associated with in-building fiber installation. G.hn is an Access technology for
Operators looking to simplify their access network and backend infrastructure
with an Ethernet-like technology that is highly scalable without some of the
inherent complexity of DSL-related technologies. With G.hn, Operators deliver
advanced services such as Gigabit High Speed Residential Internet and 4K IPTV
without the high capital and operational expenses associated with a fiber retrofit.
Each G.hn subscriber port supports up to 1.7 Gbps of dynamically allocated
bandwidth for near symmetrical Gigabit services over the existing telephone wire
or coaxial cable. The Positron GAM solution is MEF CE 2.0 compliant and is
ideally suited to deliver Business Ethernet services in an MDU and/or MTU
deployment.
Note: Read Chapter 5 Safety and Warnings before proceeding.

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1.2 GAM Connections
All ports and connectors of GAM devices are located on the front of the device.
Figure 1: GAM-12-M Front Plate
Figure 2: GAM-24-M Front Plate
Figure 3: GAM-12-C Front Plate
Figure 4: GAM-24-C Front Plate
1.2.1 Power Connection
The GAM devices require local 110-220Vac power and come with a country-
specific power cord. The power connector incorporates an ON/OFF power
switch. A field-replaceable fuse (250v / 5A 5mm x 20mm cartridge type time lag
(slow blow) is part of the AC power connector housing as per the following
illustration.
Figure 5: GAM Power Input Connector
Field-replaceable fuse, remove from
cover to access the fuse.

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1.2.2 Ethernet (SFP+) Ports
Figure 6: GAM SFP+ Connectors
The GAM has two (2) SFP+ ports that support any MSA-compliant SFP/SFP+
modules. (Fiber: 1G, 10G and Copper RJ-45: 100M, 1G)
Second uplink allows you to:
Increase overall capacity
oEither via Link aggregation, or
oBy splitting subscriber traffic between the two uplinks.
Uplink protection
oLACP
oRing G.8032
oPoint to point G.8031
Daisy chain another GAM
Important note: When connecting the SFP+ port to a Passive Optical Network
(PON) fiber connection, please make sure to use an Optical Network Unit (ONU)
approved by the OLT vendor you are using.
1.2.3 G.hn Ports
The GAM-12-M has 12 G.hn RJ-45 ports and the GAM-24-M has 24 G.hn RJ-45
ports. When connecting a single telephone pair to an RJ-45 port (SISO mode),
you need to use the “inner” pair. When connecting a second pair (MIMO mode),
the second pair needs to be connected to the “outer” pair.
Figure 7: GAM G.hn RJ-45 Connectors
NOTE: RJ-45 or RJ-14 cables can both be used to connect to the GAM

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Looking at the RJ-14 connector below, pair 1 (inner pair) is connected to pins 2
and 3. Pair 2 (outer pair) is connected to pins 1 and 4.
Figure 8: Close-up of GAM G.hn RJ-14 Connector
Looking at the RJ-45 connector below, pair 1 (inner pair) is connected to pins 4
and 5. Pair 2 (outer pair) is connected to pins 3 and 6.
Figure 9:Close-up of GAM G.hn RJ-45 Connector
The GAM-12-C has 12 G.hn F-type Coax ports and the GAM-24-C has 24 G.hn
F-type Coax ports. Each F-type G.hn port of the GAM can serve up to sixteen
(16) remote G.hn end-point devices using standard coax splitters (5 MHz to 2400
MHz). Note: coax splitters are optional and not included with the GAM devices.
Figure 10: GAM G.hn F-type Connectors
1.2.4 Local management ports
The GAM devices have two (2) local management ports. The CRAFT port is a
standard serial (V.24, 115200, 8, N, 1)) port that provides access to the
command line interface of the GAM device. The pinout of the RJ-45 serial port is
compatible with the popular Cisco pinout as per the following diagram:

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Figure 11: GAM Serial Management Port pinout
The MGMT port is a 10/100/1000BaseTX Ethernet port that provides access to
the WEB GUI interface using a standard WEB browser or an SSH interface to the
command line interface of the GAM device.
Figure 12: GAM Local Management Ports
1.2.5 GAM LED Indicators
The GAM uses two (2) LED indicators to provide information about its global
status and operating mode. The G.hn ports have status LEDs under each port.
The two (2) SFP+ ports of the GAM each have a dedicated status LED located
under each SFP+ connector.
LED
Condition
Function
SRV
Solid Green
Solid Yellow
Solid Red
System OK
GAM is starting up
No Internet Connection
STA
Solid Green
Solid Yellow
Blinking Yellow
Solid Red
Normal
Minor Alarm Active
Firmware Update in Progress
Critical or Major Alarm Active
G.hn ports
Off
Blinking
On
Disabled or Link Down
Bad or low speed G.hn link
Link is Up
1 or 2 (located under
SFP+ connector)
Off
Green
Blinking green
Disabled or Link is Down
Link is Up
Link Activity
Table 1: GAM LED indicators

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1.2.6 GAM Reset Button
Press the recessed RST button to reset the GAM. When depressed for two (2)
to ten (10) seconds, it will perform a cold reboot of the GAM. When depressed
for more than ten (10) seconds, it will return the GAM device to its original factory
default settings and will perform a cold reboot of the GAM
Figure 13: GAM Reset (RST) button
1.3 G1000-M (MIMO/SISO) Copper Endpoint
The G1000-M (copper) G.hn bridge to Gigabit Ethernet comes with 2 Gigabit
ports for customer connection, only one port should be use to connect the RG
(residential Gateway). User traffic can be untagged, VLAN tagged or VLAN
remapped to a different VLAN. A list of allowed VLANs per end-point device can
be configured. This list is required for some application such as IPTV. The
second Gigabit port of the G1000-M is available for connection to dedicated or
specialized devices such as a TV set-top box.
The G1000-M comes with a built-in passive POTS splitter/combiner allowing
analog phone service to multiplex the POTS service along with the G.hn signal.
In this application, make sure to use a POTS splitter/combiner suitable for
G.fast/G.hn at the GAM location. During power outage, the phone service will
continue to operate.
LED position
Description
Top (yellow)
indicates unit booting or reset
Middle (green)
On/Off: indicates G.hn link up or
down
Blinking: bad or low speed G.hn link
Bottom (green)
indicates power on or off
Table 2: G1000-M LED summary

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Figure 14: G1000-M port definition
1.4 G1001-M and G1001-MP (MIMO/SISO) Copper Endpoint
The G1001-M and G1001-MP (copper) G.hn Bridge to Gigabit Ethernet come
with one (1) Gigabit port to connect the RG (residential Gateway). User traffic
can be untagged, VLAN tagged or VLAN remapped to a different VLAN. A list of
allowed VLANs per end-point device can be configured. This list is required for
some application such as IPTV.
The G1001-MP comes with a built-in passive POTS splitter/combiner allowing
analog phone service to multiplex the POTS service along with the G.hn signal.
In this application, make sure to use a POTS splitter/combiner suitable for
G.fast/G.hn at the GAM location. During power outage, the phone service will
continue to operate.
LED position
Description
STA (yellow)
indicates unit booting or reset
G.hn (green)
On/Off: indicates G.hn link up or
down
Blinking: bad or low speed G.hn link
PWR (green)
indicates power on or off
Table 3: G1001-M / G1001-MP LED summary
Figure 15: G1001-M port definition

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Figure 16: G1001-MP port definition
1.5 G1000-C (COAX) Endpoint
The G1000-C (coax) G.hn bridge to Gigabit Ethernet comes with 2 Gigabit ports
for customer connection, only one port should be use to connect the RG
(residential Gateway). User traffic can be untagged, VLAN tagged or VLAN
remapped to a different VLAN. A list of allowed VLANs per end-point device can
be configured. This list is required for some application such as IPTV. The
second Gigabit port of the G1000-C is available for connection to dedicated or
specialized devices such as a TV set-top box.
The G1000-C comes with a built-in passive COAX splitter/combiner; the second
port is available to handle other Coax services such as Cable TV or Satellite
(DIRECTV or others). Note: G.hn uses up to 200 MHz of spectrum in the range
of 2-200 MHz, which leaves room for services using higher frequencies.
LED position
Description
Top (yellow)
indicates unit booting or reset
Middle (green)
On/Off: indicates G.hn link up
or down
blinking: bad or low speed G.hn
link
Bottom (green)
indicates power on or off
Table 4: G1000-C LED summary
Figure 17: G1000-C port definition

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1.6 G1001-C (COAX) Endpoint
The G1001-C (coax) G.hn Bridge to Gigabit Ethernet comes with one (1) Gigabit
port to connect the RG (residential Gateway). User traffic can be untagged,
VLAN tagged or VLAN remapped to a different VLAN. A list of allowed VLANs
per end-point device can be configured. This list is required for some application
such as IPTV.
The G1001-C comes with a built-in passive COAX splitter/combiner; the second
port is available to handle other Coax services such as Cable TV or Satellite
(DIRECTV or others). Note: G.hn uses up to 200 MHz of spectrum in the range
of 2-200 MHz, which leaves room for services using higher frequencies.
LED position
Description
STA (yellow)
indicates unit booting or reset
G.hn (green)
On/Off: indicates G.hn link up
or down
blinking: bad or low speed G.hn
link
PWR (green)
indicates power on or off
Table 5: G1001-C LED summary
Figure 18: G1001-C port definition

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Chapter 2
______________________________________
WEB Management

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2.1 Introduction
A WEB GUI interface and a Command Line Interface (CLI) are available to
manage GAM devices. Supported WEB browsers include Chrome, Edge or
Firefox.
2.2 System Management
2.2.1 Logging into the WEB GUI
The default configuration values of the GAM devices are:
IP Address
192.168.10.1
Subnet Mask
255.255.255.0
Username
admin
Password
Table 6: GAM default credentials
Important Note: older firmware versions prior of v1.1.x had default IP set to
192.168.1.1
Enter the system's IP Address into the Web browser and a login screen similar to
the following will appear:
Figure 19: GAM Login Page (Browser specific)

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Enter a Username and Password for the GAM device. The default Username is
admin and the default password is null (not defined). Click OK.
IMPORTANT SECURITY NOTE: After a successful initial login, please change
the password to avoid unauthorized access to the GAM device.
About the X.509 Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Certificate: you may want to
replace the default Positron-signed PKI Certificate used by the WEB GUI
Administration Interface pre-installed by Positron with one from your preferred
Certificate Authority.
Note: Secure HTTP is disabled by default. HTTPS can be enabled via menu:
Configuration>Security>Switch>HTTPS
2.2.2 System
The System monitor page provides a front panel representation of the GAM
device. The front panel is specific to the version of the GAM device. The sample
screenshot below is for the GAM-12-M.
Figure 20: GAM Port Status page (default page after login)

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2.2.3 General Information
Navigation Icons
Description
Help for specific page
Logout
Return to the Home page (under monitoring /
global port view).
Save configuration to Flash. (same as using
this CLI command: copy running-configuration
start-config)
Apply parameter to running-configuration. Any
configuration change is not permanently saved
to FLASH memory and will be lost after a
restart of the GAM
Reset configuration parameters to previous
view
Click to refresh
Auto-refresh every 3 seconds
or
Expand or collapse view
Table 7: WEB GUI Navigation Buttons