radiance TMW-1200HD Specifications

OWNER & OPERATOR
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
For service contact:
German Knife Inc.
1-800-500-3519
www.turboairinc.com
Model No.
www.turboairinc.com
TMW-1200HD
TMW-1800HD
Before operating this oven, please read these instructions completely.

2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
(a) Do not attempt to operate this oven with the door open since open-door operation can result in
harmful exposure to microwave energy. It is important not to defeat or tamper with the safety interlocks.
(b) Do not place any object between the oven front face and the door or allow soil or cleaner residue to
accumulate on sealing surfaces.
(c) Do not operate the oven if it is damaged. It is particularly important that the oven door close
properly and that there is no damage to the: (1) door (bent), (2) hinges and latches (broken or
loosened), (3) door seals and sealing surfaces.
(d) The oven should not be adjusted or repaired by anyone except properly qualified service personnel.
PRECAUTIONS TO AVOID POSSIBLE EXPOSURE
TO EXCESSIVE MICROWAVE ENERGY
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS............................................................................................3
INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................................4 - 5
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION RADIO
FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE STATEMENT
....................................................................................6
GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS .........................................................................................................6
SPECIFICATIONS..............................................................................................................................7
FEATURES DIAGRAM..................................................................................................................8 - 9
OPERATION PROCEDURE.............................................................................................................10
CONTROLS
Manual Cooking...........................................................................................................................11
Preprogrammed Pads..................................................................................................................12
Double Quantity...........................................................................................................................13
Programming Pads......................................................................................................................14
Programming Cook Factor...........................................................................................................15
20 sec.+ pad ................................................................................................................................16
Changing User Options ...............................................................................................................17
COOKING INSTRUCTIONS.............................................................................................................18
MICROWAVING PRINCIPLES.........................................................................................................19
HOW MICROWAVES COOK FOOD ................................................................................................19
CONVERSION CHARTS..................................................................................................................19
COOKING TECHNIQUES ................................................................................................................20
DEFROSTING GUIDE......................................................................................................................21
DEFROST AND COOKING CHART........................................................................................ 22 - 23
CARE OF YOUR MICROWAVE OVEN............................................................................................24
CLEANING AND MAINTENANCE....................................................................................................24
CLEANING THE CEILING COVER ..................................................................................................25
CLEANING THE AIR FILTER...........................................................................................................25
USE YOUR MICROWAVE OVEN SAFELY .....................................................................................26
BEFORE YOU CALL FOR SERVICE...............................................................................................27
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.........................................................................................................27
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (continued).....................................................................................28
DISPOSAL OF USED ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT..............................................28
WARRANTY INFORMATION...........................................................................................................29
German Knife Industries
4184 E. Conant St., Long Beach, CA 90808
Phone : [phone]
Fax : [phone]
www.turboairinc.com

3
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
When using electrical appliances, basic safety precautions should be followed, including the following:
WARNING - To reduce the risk of burns, electric shock, fire, injury to persons or exposure to excessive
microwave energy:
11. Read all instructions before using the appliance.
12. Read and follow the specific “PRECAUTIONS TO
AVOID POSSIBLE EXPOSURE TO EXCESSIVE
MICROWAVE ENERGY” found on page 1.
13. This appliance must be grounded. Connect only to
properly grounded outlet. See “GROUNDING
INSTRUCTIONS” found on page 5.
14. Install or locate this appliance only in accordance with
the provided installation instructions.
15. Some products such as whole eggs and sealed
containers - for example, closed glass jars-are able to
explode and should not be heated in this oven.
16. Use this appliance only for its intended use as
described in this manual. Do not use corrosive
chemicals or vapors in this appliance. This type of
oven is specifically designed to heat, cook, or dry
food. It is not designed for industrial or laboratory use.
17. As with any appliance, close supervision is necessary
when used by children.
18. Do not operate this appliance if it has a damaged
cord or plug, if it is not working properly, or if it has
been damaged or dropped.
19. This appliance should be serviced only by qualified
service personnel.
Contact nearest authorized service facility for
examination, repair or adjustment.
10. Do not cover or block any openings on the
appliance.
11. Do not store this appliance outdoors. Do not use this
product near water — for example, near a kitchen
sink, in a wet basement, or near a swimming pool, or
similar locations.
12. Do not immerse cord or plug in water.
13. Keep cord away from heated surfaces.
14. Do not let cord hang over edge of table or counter.
15. Either:
a) When cleaning surfaces of door and oven that
comes together on closing the door, use only mild,
nonabrasive soaps or detergents applied with a
sponge or soft cloth , or
b) When separate cleaning instructions are provided,
See door surface cleaning instructions on.
16. To reduce the risk of fire in the oven cavity:
a) Do not overcook food. Carefully attend appliance
when paper, plastic, or other combustible materials
are placed inside the oven to facilitate cooking.
b) Remove wire twist ties from paper or plastic bags
before placing bag in oven.
c) If materials inside the oven ignite, keep oven door
closed, turn oven off, and disconnect the power
cord, or shut off power at the fuse or circuit breaker
panel.
d) Do not use the cavity for storage purposes. Do not
leave paper products, cooking utensils, or food in
the cavity when not in use.
17. Do not use this microwave oven to heat corrosive
chemicals (for example, sulfides and chlorides).
Vapours from such corrosive chemicals may interact
with the contact and springs of the safety interlock
switches thereby rendering them inoperable.
18. Keep the waveguide cover clean at all times.
Wipe the oven interior with a soft damp cloth after
each use. If you leave grease or fat anywhere in the
cavity it may overheat, smoke or even catch fire when
next using the oven.
19. Never heat oil or fat for deep frying as you cannot
control the temperature and doing so may lead to
overheating and fire.
20. Liquids, such as water, coffee, or tea are able to be
overheated beyond the boiling point without
appearing to be boiling due to surface tension of the
liquid. Visible bubbling or boiling when the container
is removed from the microwave oven is not always
present. THIS COULD RESULT IN VERY HOT
LIQUIDS SUDDENLY BOILING OVER WHEN A
SPOON OR OTHER UTENSIL IS INSERTED INTO
THE LIQUID. To reduce the risk of injury to persons:
1Do not overheat the liquid.
2Stir the liquid both before and halfway through
heating it
3Do not use straight-sided containers with narrow
necks.
4After heating, allow the container to stand in the
microwave oven for a short time before removing
the container.
5Use extreme care when inserting a spoon or other
utensil into the container.
SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS

4
INSTALLATION
1 Steady, flat location
This oven should be set on a steady, flat surface. This oven is designed for counter top use only.
2 Leave space behind and side
All air vents should be kept a clearance. If all vents are covered during operation, the oven may
overheat and eventually occur in oven failure.
3 Away from radio and TV sets
Poor television reception and radio interference may result if the oven is located close to a TV,
Radio antenna and feeder and so on. Position the oven as far from them as possible.
4 Away from heating appliance and water taps
Keep the oven away from hot air, steam or splash when choosing a place to position it, or the
insulation might be adversely affected and breakdowns occur.
5 Power supply
This microwave oven requires a power supply of approximately 20 Amperes, 208/230 Volts, 60 Hz
and a grounded outlet. (TMW-1800HD)
This microwave oven requires a power supply of approximately 20 Amperes, 120 Volts, 60 Hz and
a grounded outlet. (TMW-1200HD)
A short power cord is provided to reduce the risk of the user becoming entangled in or tripping over
a longer cord. Longer cord sets or extension cords are available and may be used if care is
exercised in their use. If an extension cord is used, the marked electrical rating of the cord should
be at least as great as the electrical rating of the oven.
The Extension cord must be a grounding-type 3-wire cord. The longer cord should be arranged so
that it will not drape over the counter top or tabletop where it can be pulled on by children or tripped
over unintentionally.
6 Examine the oven after unpacking for any damage such as:
A misaligned door, Broken door, A dent in cavity. If any of the above are visible, DO NOT INSTALL,
and notify dealer immediately.
7 Do not operate the oven if it is colder than room temperature.
(This may occur during delivery in cold weather.) Allow the oven to become room temperature
before operating.
8Keep free space above the top surface of the oven.

5
INSTALLATION
9. When you stack your microwave ovens.
1) Place one microwave oven on top of the other one, and remove the plate which are each secured
by a single screw to the bottom-right corner at the rear of both microwaves. Secure the above
hole of the two microwaves.
2) Remove the two screws which are securing at both end of the cabinet of the lower microwave
oven.
Remove the two screws which is securing the bottom corner of the upper microwave oven.
3) Use the upper and lower plate screw holes to secure the upper and lower microwave ovens with
the four screws.
4) Ensure the top oven is at a safe and workable height.

6
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION
RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE
STATEMENT
GROUNDING INSTRUCTIONS
This appliance must be grounded. In the event of an electrical short circuit, the grounding plug reduces the risk
of electric shock by providing an escape wire for electric current. This appliance is equipped with a cord having
a grounding wire with a grounding plug. The plug must be plugged into an outlet that is properly installed and
grounded.
WARNING:
This equipment generates and uses ISM frequency energy and if not installed and used properly, that is in
strict accordance with the manufacturer's instructions, may cause interference to radio and television
reception.
It has been type-tested and found to comply with limits for an ISM Equipment pursuant to part 18 of FCC
Rules, which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference in a residential
installation.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more
of the followings.
• Reorient the receiving antenna of radio or television.
• Relocate the Microwave oven with respect to the receiver.
• Move the microwave oven away from the receiver.
• Plug the microwave oven into a different outlet so that microwave oven and receiver are on
different branch circuits.
THE MANUFACTURER is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by
UNAUTHORIZED MODIFICATION to this microwave oven. It is the responsibility of
the user to correct such interference.
WARNING:
Improper use of the grounding can result in a risk of electric shock.
Consult a qualified electrician or serviceman if the grounding instructions are not completely understood,
or if doubt exists as to whether the appliance is properly grounded, and either :
(1) If it is necessary to use an extension cord, use only a 3-wire extension cord that has a 3-blade
grounding plug, and a 3-slot receptacle that will accept the plug on the appliance. The marked
rating of the extension cord shall be equal to or greater than the electrical rating of the appliance.
or
(2) Do not use an extension cord, if the power supply cord is too short, have a qualified electrician or
serviceman install an outlet near the appliance.
WARNING:
Do not cut or remove the third (ground) prong from the power cord under any circumstances.

7
SPECIFICATIONS
595564
370
DH0021-WMTDH0081-WMTLEDOM
POWER SUPPLY
W0012W0013NOITPMUSNOCREWOP
W0021W0081REWOPTUPTUOEVAWORCIM
zhM0542zhM0542YCNEUQERF
OUTSIDE DIMENSIONS (W X H X D)
CAVITY DIMENSIONS (W X H X D)
CAVITY VOLUME
)sbl40.56(gk5.92.XORPPA)sbl43.86(gk13.XORPPATHGIEW.TEN
TIMER
POWER SELECTIONS
465 X 370 X 595 mm ( 18.31 X 14.57 X 23.43 in.)
371 X 198.5 X 372 mm ( 14.61 X 7.81 X 14.66 in.)
0.9 cu.ft
60 min.
5 LEVELS
208/230V, 20A SINGLE
PHASEWITH GROUNDING
60Hz, AC
120V, 20A SINGLE
PHASEWITH GROUNDING
60Hz, AC

8
FEATURES DIAGRAM
1
1
Safety Interlock System.
2
Door Viewing Screen - Allows viewing of
food. The screen is designed so that light
can pass through, but not the microwave.
3
Door Hook - When door is closed, it will
automatically shut off. If the door is opened
while the oven is operating, magnetron will
immediately stop operating.
4
Oven Cavity.
5
Door Seal - Door seal maintains the
microwave energy within the oven cavity
and prevents microwave leakage.
6
Plate Tray - Made of special heat resistant
material. Food in a proper receptacle is
placed on this plate for cooking.
7
Ceiling Cover - This is located on top side
of the oven.
8
Air Filter
123 4
6 875

9
FEATURES DIAGRAM
1
1
MICROWAVE indicator
It will turn on when the magnetron output
actually is on.
2
Double Quantity indicator
It will turn on when DOUBLE QUANTITY
pad is pressed.
3
STAGE indicator
It will blink the ongoing stage number of its
all cooking stages.
4
CLEAN FILTER indicator
It will turn on during clean filter message
displaying.
5
POWER LEVEL indicator
It will turn on when POWER LEVEL pad is
pressed except full power.
6
POWER LEVEL pad
POWER LEVEL pad is used to set a
variable power level.
7
Number pads
Number pads are used to set the manual
cooking time.
It is also used to start preprogrammed
cooking cycle.
8
DOUBLE QUANTITY pad
X2 pad increases a preprogrammed
cooking time by a percentage of the original
cooking time.
The user specifies the percentage and it
can be changed for individual cooking
sequences.
This feature is very useful for cooking
multiple servings of foods.
9
STOP pad
STOP pad stops a cooking sequence in
progress, clears out any remaining time,
and also ends programming or user option
cycle.
When STOP pad is used to end a
programming or option change, the
changes are discarded.
0
START/ 20sec.+ pad
START pad is used to begin a manual
cooking cycle.
It is also used to save any changes to
programming sequences or user options.
START pad can be used as speedy
cooking pad.
In ready mode, 20sec.+ pad allows you to
reheat for 20 seconds at full power by
pressing it.
By repeatedly touching 20sec.+ pad, you
can also extend reheating time to 5 minutes
by 20 second increments.
1
2
3 4 6 7 8 905

10
OPERATION PROCEDURE
NOTE
THE FOOD HAVE TO BE ON AVAILABLE PLATE IN THE OVEN
%001IHecno
%07%07eciwt
%05%05semit3
%02%02semit4
%0%00semit5
POWER LEVEL pad. Power Level (Display) Approximate Percentage of Power
The oven light is on when the microwave oven
is operating or the door is opened.
The oven door can be opened at any time
during operation by opening the door. The oven
will automatically stop working.
Each time a pad is touched, a BEEP will sound
to acknowledge the touch.
The oven automatically cooks at full power
unless set to a lower power level.
All segments of the display will turn on when
the oven of which door is closed is just plugged
in at first.
When the oven is just plugged in at first or the
display is turned off, key pads does not be
activated. After oven door is opened and closed
once, the oven is ready to work showing
"HELLO" in the display.
When STOP pad is touched during the oven
operation, the oven stops cooking and all
information retained.
To erase all information, touch STOP pad once
more. If the oven door is opened during the
oven operation, all information is retained.
If START pad is touched and the oven does not
operate, check the area between the door and
door seal for obstructions and make sure the
door is closed securely.
The oven will not start cooking until the door is
completely closed or the program has been
reset.
This section includes useful information about oven operation.
1. Plug power supply cord into a standard 208/230V AC 60Hz power outlet.
2. After placing the food in a suitable container, open the oven door and put it in the oven.
3. Shut the door. Make sure that it is firmly closed.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Make sure the oven is properly installed and
plugged into the electrical outlet.
WATTAGE OUTPUT CHART
• A power level is selected by touching the POWER LEVEL pad. The chart shows the display, the power
level and the percentage of power.

11
CONTROLS
Manual Cooking
To cook food manually using a specific entered cook time and power level.
1. Open the door and put food in the oven. Close the door.
• "HELLO" will show in the display.
2. Press POWER LEVEL pad.
• If "HI" shows in the display, the power level is adjusted to full
power.
• The % indicator will light if a lower power level is adjusted.
• You can change a power level to adjust desired setting by pressing
POWER LEVEL pad repeatedly.
3. Press number pads for entering the cooking time.
• You can enter the maximum cooking time up to 60 minutes or 10
minutes.
• To change maximum cooking time option, see User Options
section in this manual.
4. If stage cooking is desired, repeat step 2 and 3.
• Display changes to cook time and power level for the next stage.
• Up to three different stages can be programmed.
5. Press START pad.
• The oven lamp will turn on and heating will start.
• The first STAGE indicator will start to blink and heating time will
count down.
NOTE
Repeat Feature : The user can repeat exactly the same MANUAL
COOKING by pressing only START pad, if you use the oven again
within keypad activating time. After a MANUAL COOKING is
ended, opening and closing the door will make the display show
the same cook time and power level setting of the previous
MANUAL COOKING. See User Options section in this manual.
NOTE
The cooling fan may automatically run for a while to cool the oven
down after working.

12
CONTROLS
1 10 sec. 100%
2 20 sec. 100%
3 30 sec. 100%
4 45 sec. 100%
5 1 min. 100%
6 1 min. 30 sec. 100%
7 2 min. 100%
8 3 min. 100%
9 4 min. 100%
0 5 min. 100%
Preprogrammed Pads
To cook food using number pads preprogrammed with cooking sequences.
3. Oven begins to cook.
• The oven lamp will turn on and heating will start.
• The first STAGE indicator will start to blink and heating time will
count down.
1. Open the door and put food in the oven. Close the door.
• "HELLO" will show in the display.
2. Press a desired number pad.
• For single digit entry, press only one number pad.
• For multiple digit entry, press from one to three pads one by one.
• To change single or multiple digit entry option, see User Options
section in this manual.
Factory Setting
Pad Cooking time Power Level
NOTE
You can enter the number of a programmed cook from 0 to 9 by
pressing only one number pad in single digit entry mode.
You can enter the number of a programmed cook from 0 to 199 by
pressing from one to three number pads one by one in multiple
digit entry mode.
NOTE
On-the-fly Feature : The user may start another preprogrammed
cook while the oven is cooking. While the oven is cooking in On-
the-fly Feature mode, pressing number pads will stop the current
cooking sequence and then start that preprogrammed cook. See
User Options section in this manual.
NOTE
The cooling fan may automatically run for a while to cool the oven
down after working.

13
CONTROLS
Double Quantity
To increase cooking time when cooking more than one serving.
1. Open the door and put food in the oven. Close the door.
• "HELLO" will show in the display.
2. Press X2 pad.
• Amount of time added is a percentage of the original
preprogrammed cooking time.
• The percentage can be changed.
See Programming Cook Factor section in this manual.
3. Press desired preprogrammed pad.
4. Oven begins to cook.
• The oven lamp will turn on and heating will start.
• The first STAGE indicator will start to blink and heating time will
count down.
NOTE
The cooling fan may automatically run for a while to cool the oven
down after working.

14
CONTROLS
Programming Pads
To change the amount of time or the power level for a preprogrammed pad.
1. Open the door.
• Display turns off.
2. Press and hold number 1 pad for a while.
• When the oven enters Programming mode, it will show
"PROGRAM" in the display.
3. Press number pads to be programmed.
• It will show a program number in the display.
• For single digit entry, press only one number pad.
• For multiple digit entry, press from one to three pads one by one.
4. Press POWER LEVEL pad to select a desired power level.
•
If "HI" shows in the display, the power level is adjusted to full power.
• The % indicator will light if a lower power level is adjusted.
• You can change a power level to adjust desired setting by pressing
POWER LEVEL pad repeatedly.
5. Enter desired cooking time by using number pads.
6. If stage cooking is desired, repeat step 4 and 5.
• Display changes to cook time and power level for the next stage.
• Up to three different stages can be programmed.
7. Press START pad to save the program changes.
• To discard changes, press STOP pad.

16
CONTROLS
20 sec.+ pad
This function allows you to reheat for 20 seconds at full power by simply touching the 20 sec.+ pad.
By repeatedly touching 20 sec.+ pad, you can also extend reheating time to 5 minutes by 20 second
increments.
1. Open the door and put food in the oven. Close the door.
• "HELLO" will show in the display.
2. Press 20 sec.+ pad.
• When you press 20 sec.+ pad, " :20" shows in the display.
• The oven will start immediately. It will add 20 seconds to the time
counting down each time the pad is pressed.
NOTE
The cooling fan may automatically run for a while to cool the oven
down after working.

16
CONTROLS
20 sec.+ pad
This function allows you to reheat for 20 seconds at full power by simply touching the 20 sec.+ pad.
By repeatedly touching 20 sec.+ pad, you can also extend reheating time to 5 minutes by 20 second
increments.
1. Open the door and put food in the oven. Close the door.
• "HELLO" will show in the display.
2. Press 20 sec.+ pad.
• When you press 20 sec.+ pad, " :20" shows in the display.
• The oven will start immediately. It will add 20 seconds to the time
counting down each time the pad is pressed.
NOTE
The cooling fan may automatically run for a while to cool the oven
down after working.

17
CONTROLS
Changing User Options
User Options can be changed to suit individual preferences.
1. Open the door.
• Display turns off.
2. Press and hold number 2 pad for a while.
• When the oven enters Option mode, it will show "OP:--" in the
display.
3. Press a number pad to be programmed. (0~9)
• It will show an option number in the display.
4. Press the number pad again to change the option.
Each time the number pad is pressed, option will change.
5. Press START pad to save changes.
• To change additional options, repeat steps 3 and 4.
1
Cook Ending Signal
2
Repeat Feature
3
Key Beep On/Off
4
Keypad Activating Time
5
On-the-fly Feature
6
Reset on Door open
7
Maximum Cooking Time
8
Manual Programming
9
Multiple Digit Entry
0
Clean Filter Message
Pads Display User Options (Factory Settings in Bold)
OP:10
OP:11
OP:12
OP:13
OP:14
OP:20
OP:21
OP:30
OP:31
OP:40
OP:41
OP:42
OP:43
OP:50
OP:51
OP:60
OP:61
OP:70
OP:71
OP:80
OP:81
OP:90
OP:91
OP:00
OP:01
OP:02
OP:03
3 long beeps for 3 seconds
1 short, 1 long beeps for 3 seconds
3 second beep
3 quick beeps for 3 seconds
5 quick beeps for 3 seconds
Repeat feature not allowed
Repeat feature allowed
Prevents beep when a pad is pressed.
Allows beep when a pad is pressed.
Keypad time entry window is 1 minute.
Keypad time entry window is 2 minutes.
Keypad time entry window is 3 minutes.
Keypad time entry window is 4 minutes.
On-the-fly disabled
On-the-fly enabled
Opening oven door does not reset oven back to ready.
Opening oven door resets the oven back to ready mode.
Allows 60 minute maximum cooking time.
Allows 10 minute maximum cooking time.
Manual cooking not allowed.
Manual cooking allowed.
Single digit entry allows 10 preprogrammed pads. (0~9)
Multiple digit entry allows 200 preprogrammed pads. (0~199)
Oven will not display clean filter message.
Oven will display clean filter message every 7 days.
Oven will display Clean Filter message every 30 days.
Oven will display Clean Filter message every 90 days.

18
COOKING INSTRUCTIONS
Utensil Guide
Only use utensils that are suitable for use in microwave ovens.
To cook food in the microwave oven, the microwaves must be able to penetrate the food, without
being reflected or absorbed by the dish used. Care must therefore be taken choosing the utensil. If the
utensil is marked microwave-safe, you do not need to worry. The following table lists various of utensil
and indicates whether and how they should be used in a microwave oven.
: Recommended use
: Limited Use
X: Not Recommended
Aluminum foil
Crust plate
China and earthenware
Disposable polyester
cardboard dishes
Fast-food packaging
• Polystyrene cups containers
• Paper bags or newspaper
• Recycled paper or metal trims
Glassware
• Oven-to-table ware
• Fine glassware
• Glass jars
Metal
• Dishes
• Freezer bag twist ties
Paper
• Plates, cups, napkins and
Kitchen paper
• Recycled paper
Plastic
• Containers
• Cling film
• Freezer bags
Wax or grease-proof paper
stnemmoCefaSlisnetU
Can be used in small quantities to protect areas against
overcooking. Arcing can occur if the foil is too close to
the oven wall or if too much foil is used.
Do not preheat for more than 8minutes.
Porcelain, pottery, glazed earthenware and bone china
are usually suitable, unless deco-rated with a metal trim.
Some frozen foods are packaged in these dishes.
Can be used to warm food. Overheating may cause the
polystyrene to melt.
May catch fire.
May cause arcing.
Can be used, unless decorated with a metal trim.
Can be used to warm foods or liquids.
Delicate glass may break or crack if heated suddenly.
Must remove the lid. Suitable for warming only.
May cause arcing or fire.
For short cooking times and warming. Also to absorb
excess moisture.
May cause arcing.
Particularly if heat-resistant thermoplastic. Some other
plastics may warp or discolour at high temperatures. Do
not use Melamine plastic.
Can be used to retain moisture. Should not touch the
food.
Take care when removing the film as hot steam will
escape.
Only if boilable or oven-proof. Should not be airtight.
Prick with a fork, if necessary.
Can be used to retain moisture and prevent spattering.
X
X
X
X
X

19
MICROWAVING PRINCIPLES
HOW MICROWAVES COOK FOOD
CONVERSION CHARTS
Microwave energy has been used in this country to cook and reheat food since early experiments with RADAR
in World War ll. Microwaves are present in the atmosphere all the time, both naturally and manmade sources.
Manmade sources include radar, radio, television, telecommunication links and car phones.
WEIGHT MEASURES
15 g
1
/ 2 oz.
25 g 1 oz.
50 g 2 oz.
100 g 4 oz.
175 g 6 oz.
225 g 8 oz.
450 g 1 lb.
Microwave oven is a Group 2 ISM equipment in which radiofrequency energy is intentionally generated and used
in the form of electromagnetic radiation for the treatment of material. This oven is a Class B equipment suitable
for use in domestic establishments and in establishments directly connected to a low voltage power supply
network which supplies buildings used for domestic purposes.
VOLUME MEASURES
30 ml 1 fl.oz.
100 ml 3 fl.oz.
150 ml 5 fl.oz. (
1
/ 4 pt)
300 ml 10 fl.oz. (
1
/ 2 pt)
600 ml 20 fl.oz. (1pt)
SPOON MEASURES
1.25 ml
1
/ 4 tsp
2.5 ml
1
/ 2 tsp
5 ml 1 tsp
15 ml 1 tbsp
FLUID MEASUREMENTS
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1 Quart = 32 fl.oz. (UK 40 fl.oz.) = 960 ml (UK 1120 ml)
1 Gallon = 128 fl.oz. (UK 160 fl.oz.) = 3840 ml (UK 4500 ml)
Then they pass through
the cooking containers to
be absorbed by the water
molecules in the food, all
foods contain water to a
more or lesser extent.
The microwaves cause the water molecules to
vibrate which causes FRICTION, i.e. HEAT. This
heat then cooks the food. Microwaves are also
attracted to fat and sugar particles, and foods high
in these will cook more quickly. Microwaves can
only penetrate to a depth of 1
1
/ 2 - 2 inches(4-5cm)
and as heat spreads through the food by
conduction, just as in a traditional oven, the food
cooks from the outside inwards.
In a microwave oven, electricity is converted into
microwave by the MAGNETRON.
The microwaves
bounce off the metal
walls and the metal
door screen.
REFLECTION
TRANSMISSION
ABSORPTION
Microwave Water Molecule Absorption Vibration
CEILING COVER
Oven Cavity
Guide
Wave
TRAY
Magnetron

20
COOKING TECHNIQUES
STANDING TIME
Dense foods e.g. meat, jacket potatoes and cakes,
require standing time(inside or outside of the oven)
after cooking, to allow heat to finish conducting to
cook the center completely. Wrap meat joints and
jacket potatoes in aluminum foil while standing.
Meat joints need approx. 10-15 minutes, jacket
potatoes 5 minutes. Other foods such as plated
meal, vegetables, fish etc. require 2-5 minutes
standing. After defrosting food, standing time
should also be allowed. If food is not cooked after
standing time, return to the oven and cook for
additional time.
MOISTURE CONTENT
Many fresh foods e.g. vegetables and fruit, vary in
their moisture content throughout the season,
particularly jacket potatoes. For this reason cooking
times may have to be adjusted. Dry ingredients e.g.
rice, pasta, can dry out during storage so cooking
times may differ.
DENSITY
Porous airy foods heat more quickly than dense
heavy foods.
CLING FILM
Cling film helps keep the food moist and the
trapped steam assists in speeding up cooking
times. Pierce before cooking to allow excess steam
to escape. Always take care when removing cling
film from a dish as the build-up of steam will be
very hot.
SHAPE
Even shapes cook evenly. Food cooks better by
microwave when in a round container rather than
square.
SPACING
Foods cook more quickly and evenly if spaced
apart. NEVER pile foods on top of each other.
STARTING TEMPERATURE
The colder the food, the longer it takes to heat up.
Food from a fridge takes longer to reheat than food
at room temperature.
LIQUIDS
All liquids must be stirred before and during
heating. Water especially must be stirred before
and during heating, to avoid eruption. Do not heat
liquids that have previously been boiled. DO NOT
OVERHEAT.
TURNING & STIRRING
Some foods require stirring during cooking. Meat
and poultry should be turned after half the cooking
time.
ARRANGING
Individual foods e.g. chicken portions or chops,
should be placed on a dish so that the thicker parts
are towards the outside.
QUANTITY
Small quantities cook faster than large quantities,
also small meals will reheat more quickly than large
portions.
PIERCING
The skin or membrane on some foods will cause
steam to build up during cooking. These foods
must be pierced or a strip of skin should be peeled
off before cooking to allow the steam to escape.
Eggs, potatoes, apples, sausages etc, will all need
to be pierced before cooking. DO NOT ATTEMPT
TO BOIL EGGS IN THEIR SHELLS.
COVERING
Cover foods with microwave cling film or a lid.
Cover fish, vegetables, casseroles, soups. Do not
cover cakes, sauces, jacket potatoes or pastry
items.