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RCA Trans Vista 100 User manual

Technical
Manual
The
CTC
49
Color
Chassis
Trans
Vista
100
Technical
Manual
The
CTC
49
Color
Chassis
Prepared
By
RCA
Sales
Corporation
A
Subsidiary
of
RCA
Corporation
Product
Performance—
Technical
Training
600
North
Sherman
Drive
Indianapolis,
Indiana
46201
Trademark(s)
,
ARegistered
Marca(s)
Registrada(s)
Copyright ©
1970
by
RCA
Sales
Corporation
All
rights
reserved.
No
part
of
the
material
protected
by
this
copyright
may
be
reproduced
or
utilized
in
any
form
without
written
permission
from
copyright
owner.
Price $
4.50
First
Edition
7032
Punted
in
U.S
A.
•
" "
ell•
-
4,
4re*
e
•
CONTENTS
General
Description
1
RF
and
IF
System
7
The
Video
System
15
Horizontal
Deflection
27
Vertical
Deflection
35
First-
Level
Maintenance
43
Shop-
Level
Maintenance
57
1
FOREWORD
The
CTC
49
chassis
represents
the
first
of
a "
new
breed"
of
RCA
all-
solid-state
color
television
receivers.
This
is
particularly
true
from
the
standpoint
of
servicing.
The
extensive
use
of
plug-in
circuit
modules,
eleven
in
all,
a
tuner
which
may
be
exchanged
without
the
need
for
realignment
of
the
coupling
circuit
to
the
IF
amplifier,
a
solid-state
high-
voltage
quadrupler,
which
essentially
is
another
module,
and
the
use
of
plug-in
transistors
makes
it
possible
to
correct
most
failures
with
very
little
servicing
effort.
In
the
preparation
of this
manual
less
than
the
usual
space
was
devoted
to
circuit
description
for
three
reasons.
First,
some
of
the
circuitry
bears
a
close
resemblance
to
earlier
RCA
chassis.
This
is
true
of
the
tuner,
AFT,
and
horizontal
deflection
system,
which
are
similar
to
their
counterparts
in
either
the
CTC
40
or
CTC
47
chassis;
and
the
sound
module
which
is
almost
identical
to
the
one
used
in
the
CTC
41, 42,
and
43
chassis.
Second,
integrated
circuits
are
used
in
the
IF
and
chroma
circuits,
and
a
stage-
by-
stage
analysis
of
these
systems
has
little
value
to
the
service
technician,
since
many
active
devices
are
packaged
in
a
single
unit.
Third,
since
most
repairs
can
be
accomplished
most
readily
by
module
replacement,
rather
than
by
replacement
of
a
single
component,
an
intimate
knowledge
of
the
function
of
each
part
in
a
module
is
not
essential
to
the technician.
Complete
schematic
diagrams
of
the
various
circuits
were
used
instead
of
partial
or
simplified
diagrams.
This
will
allow
the
technician
to
identify
all
components
of
a
particular
circuit
without
tracing
the
interconnecting
lines
used
in
the
complete
instrument
schematic
which
is
bound
in
the
back
of this
manual.
Whenever
possible
the
location
of
components
in
the
diagrams
located
in
the
text
is
indicated;
however,
the
complete
instrument
schematic
should
be
consulted
to
verify
component
locations
and
intermodule
connections.
Servicing
information
contained
in
this
manual
is
divided
into
two
chapters.
The
first
of
these
discusses
techniques
and
procedures
for
rapid
servicing
either
in
the
home
or
the
shop.
The
final
chapter
goes
into
greater
detail
and
considers
those areas
of
servicing
which
require
the
facilities
and
equipment
normally
found
only
in
the
service
shop.
GENERAL
DESCRIPTION
The
RCA
CTC
49
chassis
is
a
fourth-
generation
solid-state
color
receiver,
employing,
for
the
first
time,
plug-in
modules
for
most
of
the
essential
functions.
The
CTC
40
chassis,
introduced
in
1968,
is
the
first
of
the
RCA
solid-state
color
receivers;
however,
a
vacuum-
tube
high-
voltage
rectifier
was
used
in
that
instrument.
Next
in
order
of
introduc-
tion
was
the
RCA
CTC
47
chassis (
the
G-2000),
which
was
released
in
1969.
This
instrument
re-
tained
most
of
the
circuits
used
in
the
CTC
40,
but
several
significant
changes
were
incorporated
in
its
design.
The
electronically
tuned
VHF
tuner
and
signal-
seeking
UHF
tuner
of
the
CTC
47
are
im-
portant
advances
in
the
state
of
the
electronic
art,
and
because
of
their
spectacular
perform-
ance
they
tend
to
overshadow
two
other
important
advances.
These
are
solid-state
high-
voltage
rec-
tification,
using
a
voltage
quadrupler,
and
motor-
less
remote
control,
of
volume,
tint,
and
color.
The
RCA
CTC
44
chassis
represents
the
third
gen-
eration
of
solid-state
color
receivers
and
corn-
prises
many
of
the
basic
circuit
configurations
of
the
CTC
40,
upgraded
in
many
respects,
plus
the
high-
voltage
quadrupler
and
motorless
remote
control
of
volume,
tint,
and
color,
from
the
CTC
47.
The
CTC
49
is
a
natural
outgrowth
of
these
prede-
cessors;
however
a
number
of
radical
changes
have
been
made.
Two
of
these
are
perhaps
equal-
ly
significant.
These
are
modular
construction,
and
the
extensive
use
of
integrated
circuits.
Other
ad-
vances
include
active
side-
pincushion
correction,
transformerless
vertical
output,
matrixing
of
the
color-
difference
and
luminance
signals
before
they
are
fed
to
the
kinescope,
significant
changes
in
the
convergence
circuits,
and
a
110
color
kinescope.
These
will
be
described
in
this
book,
but
before
proceeding
to
circuit
descriptions,
an
overall
examination
of
the
chassis
is
in
order.
Figure
1-1
is
a
block
diagram
of
the
RCA
CTC
49
chassis.
A
total
of
eleven
plug-in
modules
is
used;
a
brief
description
of
each
module
follows:
1
UHF
ANTENNA
—11e.
VHF
ANTENNA
UHF
TUNER
VHF
TUNER
4.5-
MHz
SOUND
IF
AF
T
kT
MODULE
MAH
HORIZ
AFC
HORIZ
OSC
HORIZ
TRIGGER
MODULE
PM
200
SOUND
DETECTOR
AUDIO
PREAMP
MODULE
MAK
SIGNAL
I
PIX
IF
AGC
AGC
AFT
VIDEO
PREAMP
BLACK
AND
WHITE
VIDEO
SYNC
MODULE
MAG
VERT
SWITCH
VERT
PREDRIVER
VERT
DRIVER
SWEEP
AND
H.
V.
REGULATOR
0401-T402
MODULE
MAB
LOW-
VOLTAGE
RECTIFIERS
AUDIO
DRIVER
AUDIO
0
301
AUDIO
OUTPUT
0103
il
CH MODULE
MAC
CHROMA
ROMA
BANDPASS
REFERENCE
OSC
ACC
AFPC
1
MODULE
MAL
FIRST
VIDEO
AMP
SECOND
VIDEO
AMP
SYNC
SEPARATOR
VERTICAL
fie
VERTICAL
OUTPUT
Q101-0102
SIDE
PIN
CORRECTION
HORIZ
DEFLECTION
SCR
101-
SCR
102
FLYBACK
XFMR
KINE
SCREEN
SUPPLY
11*-
1-
220 (
VIDEO)
+160 (
HORIZ)
+77
(
VERT)
m- +
30 (
AUDIO)
a.. +
30 (
DIST)
B-
W
VIDEO
YOKE
CURRENT
PHUOLRSIEZ
CHROMA
MODULE
MAE
3
58
REF
ICHROMA
DEMODS
R-
Y
BY
G Y
MODULES
MAD
3
ARE
USED—
ONE
FOR
EACH
COLOR
COLOR
VIDEO
OUTPUT
AMPLIFIERS
CONVERGENCE
BOARD
RETRACE
H.V.
QUADRUPLER
PULSE
FOCUS
BLEEDER
CONVERGENCE
BOARD
PW
800
1
AGC
GATE
in.
BURST
GATE
HORIZ
AFC
PW
800
YOKE
CURRENT
SPEAKER
RED
VIDEO
BLUE
VIDEO
KINESCOPE
GREEN
VIDEO
I
CATHODES
CONVERGENCE
ASSEMBLY
YOKE
CURRENT
•
Ile.
VERT
YOKE
SIDE
PINCUSHION
AMP
HIGH
VOLTAGE
FOCUS
VOLTAGE
SCREEN
VOLTAGE
KINE
SCOPE
HORIZ
YOKE
Figure
1-1
Functional
Diagram
of
the
RCA CTC
49
Module
MAK
The
active
devices
in
this
module
are
two
transis-
tors
and
two
IC's.
IC
1
contains
all
the
IF
amplifiers
and
the
keyed-
AGO
circuit.
IC
2
is
used
for
AFT.
Q1
is
the
voltage
regulator
transistor
for
IC
1.
02
is
the
video
preamplifier,
an
emitter
follower
which
couples
the
video
detector
and
amplifier
contained
in
IC
1
to
modules
MAC
and
MAL.
Module
MAC
The
single
active
device
in
this
module
is
IC
1,
which
performs
all
the
functions
of
the
chroma-
bandpass
amplifiers,
color
killer,
ACC,
AFPC,
and
3.58-
MHz
reference
oscillator
found
in
earlier
re-
ceivers.
In
addition,
a
DC
reference
voltage
devel-
oped
in
this
IC
is
used
as
control
voltage
for
the
voltage
regulator
of
Module
MAE.
In
turn,
regu-
lated
voltage, --
I
11.2
volts,
is
supplied
to
this
mod-
ule
from
Module
MAE.
Module
MAE
This
module
performs
functions
similar
to
the
dis-
crete-
component
chroma
demodulators
and
color-
difference
amplifiers
of
the
OTO
40
and
OTO
47.
All
this
is
performed
in
IC
1.
The
single
transistor
in
this
module,
01,
provides
regulated
11.2
volts
for
Modules
MAC
and
MAE.
3
Module
MAL
Two
video
amplifiers
and
the
sync
separator
are
lo-
cated
in
this
module.
The
brightness
limiter,
brightness
control,
peaking
control,
and
contrast
control (
located
on
PW
300)
are
connected
into
this
module.
Module
MAD
Three
of
these
modules
are
used,
one
for
each
color
of
video.
Black-
and-
white
video
from
MAL
is
fed
to
all
three
of
the
MAD
modules;
the
appro-
priate
color-
difference
signal
from
MAE
is
applied
to
each
of
them.
The
outputs
of
the
three
MAD
modules
are
fed
to
the
cathodes
of
the
kinescope.
Two
transistors
are
used
in
each
MAD
module.
Module
PM
200
The
sound
detector,
which
recovers
audio
from
the
4.5-
MHz
sound
signal,
and
the
low-level
audio
amplifier
are
combined
in
a
single
integrated
cir-
cuit
which
is
mounted
with
several
passive
com-
ponents
in
this
plug-in
module.
Module
MAB
Six
diodes,
used
as
power-
supply
rectifiers,
part
of
the
degaussing
circuit
and
several
minor
com-
ponents
are
located
on
Module
MAB.
The
power
transformer
and
filter
capacitors
are
located
on
the
main
chassis.
4
Module
MAH
The
circuit
of
Module
MAH
is
similar
to
the
hori-
zontal
AFC
and
oscillator
circuit
of
the
CTC
40
chassis.
Q1
is
the
sync
phase
splitter
and
Q2
is
the
blocking-
oscillator
transistor.
One
additional
active
device,
Q3,
is
used
in
the
AFC
system.
Module
MAG
The
vertical-
deflection
system
uses
the
Miller
cir-
cuit,
familiar
from
its
use
in
several
earier
solid-
state
receivers.
The
switch,
predriver,
and
driver
stages
are
in
this
module.
The
vertical-
output
transistors
are
mounted
on
the
main
chassis.
Four
major
boards
are
used.
PW
200
mounts
various
controls—
contrast,
noise,
the
three
screen
controls,
kine
bias,
height,
ver-
tical
hold,
and
the
three-
position
service
switch.
PW
300
serves as
the
parent
board
for
all
modules
except
MAB,
MAH,
and
MAG.
The
audio-
driver
and
brightness-
limiter
transistors,
Q301
and
Q302,
the
three
kine
drive
con-
trols,
plus
various
passive
com-
ponents
also
are
mounted
on
PW
300.
Modules
MAH
and
MAG
are
mounted
on
PW
400,
as
are
most
of
the
components
of
the
hori-
zontal
deflection
and
high
volt-
age
systems,
the
high-
voltage
regulator,
and
the
side-
pincush-
ion
amplifier
and
control
poten-
tiometer.
9u608.50!
2741023-5
5
The
main
chassis
mounts
the
power
transformer
power-
supply
filters,
the
audio-
output
trans
stor
two
vertical-
output
transistors,
high
-
vol
-
age
quad-
rupler
and
focus
bleede-
and
the
SCR's
and
di-
odes
of
the
horizontal-
deflection
system.
The
power
supply
utilizes
a
transformer;
however,
one
side
of
the
AC
line
is
connected
to
the
chassis.
The
DC
outputs
and
their
principal
uses
are
as
follows:
1.
The
220-
volt
source
powers
the kine
div-
ers,
Modules
MAD
A
half-
wave
rectifier
and
an
RC
pi
filter
is
used.
2.
Four
diodes
in
a
bridge
configuration
pro-
vide
two
outputs.
One
of
these
provides
about
77
volts
to
the
vertical-
output
transis-
tors.
Capacitive
filtering
is
used.
The
sec-
ond
output
is
divided
into
separate
sup-
plies—
one
for
the
low
-
leve"
transistors
throughout
the
instrument;
the
other
for
the
audio
system.
Both
are
nominally
30-
volt
sources
and
both
use
RC
pi '
ilters.
3.
A
half-
wave
rectlfier
with
an
LC
pi
filter
sup-
plies
160
volts
to
the
horizontal
deflection
system.
As
illustrated
in
the
schematic
diagram,
Figure
1-2,
the
degaussing
circuit
is
rather
unusua .
T101
is
the
power
transformer (
for
simplicity
several
w.nd-
ings
are
deleted
from
this
schematic)
and
S102
is
the
Normal/High
line
switch.
At
turn-
on
the
re-
sistance
of
AT
1
is
low
and
the
degaussing
current
is
high.
As
R 1
warms,
its
resistance
increases
until
the
degaussing
current
approaches
zero.
After
warm-up
the
voltage
drops
across
R4
and
RI
1
are
equal
to
the
voltages
across
the
upper
and
lower
transformer
windings,
respectively,
mak-
ing
the
voltage
across
the
degaussing
coil
zero.
The
current
which
still
flows
through
R4
and
RT
1
keeps
the
latter
warm,
to
maintain
its
high
resist-
ance.
AC {
POWEF
Figure
7-2
Simplified
Degaussing
Circuit
6
RF
and
IF
SYSTEM
Except
for
a
minor
change
in
the
biasing
of
the
RF
amplifier
and
revamping
of
the
mixer
output
to
lower
its
impedance,
the
KRK
165
VHF
tuner
used
in
the
CTC
49
is
the
same
as
the
KRK
142
of
the
CTC
40
chassis.
Both
are
four-
tuned-
circuit,
wafer-
switch
tuners
using
a
MOSFET
RF
amplifier,
a
cascode
type
mixer,
and
AFT
controlled
local
os-
cillator.
In
the
KRK
165,
AGC
bias
is
applied
to
only
one
gate
of
the
MOSFET,
instead
of
both
gates
as
in
the
KRK
142.
This
circuit
change
is
shown
in
Fig-
ure
2-1.
AGC
INPUT
NOT
IN
KRK
165
RF
INPUT
Figure
2-1
Simplified
RF
Amplifier
DRAIN
SOURCE
El+
The
familiar "
link
circuit"
which
has
been
used
with
minor
variations
for
several
years
has
been
replaced
by
a
terminated
coaxial
line
which
inter-
connects
the
tuner
and
the
IF
amplifier.
This
coup-
ling
method
makes
the
tuning
of
the
mixer
and
the
IF-
amplifier
input
independent
of
each
other;
also,
the
length
of
the
interconnecting
cable
no
longer
is
critical.
The
mixer-
output
circuits
of
the
KRK
142
and
KRK
165
are
shown
in
Figure
2-2.
Operation
of
the "
Low
C"
output
circuit
of
the
KRK
142
was
amply
explained
in
SOLID
STATE
COLOR
TELE-
VISION,
to
which
the
reader
may
refer.
In
the
KRK
165,
the
82-pF
capacitor
has
been
removed
and
a
47-
ohm
resistor
has
been
inserted
in
series
with
the
output.
As
it
will
be
explained
later,
the
input
impedance
of
the
IF
amplifier
is
nominally
50
ohms.
Therefore,
it
is
desirable
that
the
output
impedance
of
the
mixer,
as
seen "
looking
back"
from
the
IF
ampli-
fier,
also
be
nominally
50
ohms.
As
seen
from
the
output,
the
combination
of
L1
and
C1
is
a
series
resonant
circuit
which
has
a
very
low
impedance
to
ground,
and
this
impedance
is
in
series
with
the
47-
ohm
resistor.
Thus
the
link
cable
itself,
type
AG
58A/U,
is
terminated
by
its
characteristic
im-
pedance,
and
its
length
is
not
critical.
7
+15
+
15
BIAS
IF
OUTPUT
BIAS
SIGNAL
INPUT
A.
KRK
142
Cl
12pF
1000pF
Li
SIGNAL
INPUT
B.
KRK
165
47
Figure
2-2
Mixer
Output
Circuit
of
the
KRK
142
and
KRK
165
Tuners
IF
INTEGRATED
CIRCUril
As
stated
in
Chapter
1,
all
IF
amplification
and
the
generation
of
AGC
voltage
is
accomplished
in
a
single
integrated
circuit,
IC
1,
mounted
in
the
IF
module,
MAK
001A.
While
the
actual
circuitry
of
the
IC
may
be
of
academic
interest,
a
rigorous
discussion
is
beyond
the
scope
of
this
book.
For
the
present
purposes,
an
examination
of
the func-
tional
block
diagram
of
the
IC
and
an
explanation
of
the
surrounding
discrete-
component
circuits
will
suffice.
Referring
to
Figure
2-3,
the
IF
signal
from
the
tuner
ultimately
is
developed
across
L4
and
in-
jected,
along
with
AGC
voltage,
to
input
terminal
6
of
the
IC.
The
first
IF
amplifier
actually
consists
of
two
emitter
followers
and
a
common-
emitter
am-
plifier.
The
second
IF
is
essentially
a
common-
base
circuit.
As
signal
passes
through
these
cir-
cuits,
the
AGC
voltage
is
stripped
off,
modified
by
the external
noise
control,
and
fed
back
to
the
signal
shunt
to
control
the
gain.
The
output
of
the
second
IF
stage
appears
at
terminal
9
of
the
IC.
The
interstage
coupling
circuit
is
a
capacitively
coupled,
double
tuned
system,
from
which
are de-
rived
two
outputs.
One
of
these
is
fed
to
terminal
12,
where
it
is
amplified
and
detected.
The
4.5-
MHz
intercarrier
signal
generated
in
this
detector
IF
OUTPUT
is
amplified
and
conducted
from
terminal
2
of
the
IC
to
the
sound
module,
PM
200.
The
second
output
from
the
interstage
coupling
circuit
reenters
the
IC
at
terminal
13
and
drives
an
emitter
follower
which
has
two
outputs.
One
of
these
outputs
leaves
the
IC
at
terminal
14;
the
other
passes
through
the
third
IF
amplifier
to
the
video
detector.
The
video
detector
has
three
out-
puts,
one
to
the
noise-
immunity
circuit,
a
second
to
the
AGC
keyer,
and
a
third
to
output
terminal
19.
At
this
point,
the
video
white
level
is
about +
7
volts
and
sync-
tip
level
is
about .
7
volt.
The
precise
manner
in
which
keyed
AGC
voltage
is
developed
and
made
immune
to
sync-
tip
noise
spikes
is
rather
unconventional;
but
since
these
functions
take
place
entirely
within
the
IC,
they
are
of
no
particular
interest
from
the
standpoint
of
servicing.
The
output
of
the
AGC
amplifier
passes
from
terminal
4,
through
a
filter
circuit,
and
then
back
into
the
IC
at
terminal
6,
along
with the
IF
signal.
The
block
connected
to
terminal
18
is
passive,
containing
the
equivalent
of
two
zeners
and
a
diode
connected
in
series.
A
12-
volt
drop
is
provided
for
the
base
of
the
voltage
regulator
used
to
supply
power
to
several
devices
in
the
inte-
grated
circuit.
8
IF
INPUT
BD -
s.
6
o
L4
9
1ST &
2ND
IF
AMPS
o
01
BASE
IF
AMP
INTER
STAGE
COUPLING
CIRCUIT
AGC
AMP
7
SOUND
DST
el
4.5-
MHz
AMP
13
NOISE
IMMUNITY
4
14
AFT
gm-
AGC
KEYER
d
NOISE
CONTROL
TUNER
AGC
111
Figure
2-3
Functional
Diagram
of
the
IF/AGC
Integrated
Circuit
11111111
=J1IER-IF
'
LINK
CIRCUIT
Ti
39.75
FROM
TUNER
C2 C3
5.1
I
5.6
MAK
001A
Figure
2-4
Traps
and
IF
Input
Tuned
Circuits
9
INPUT
2
—0—e-
19
VIDEO
OUTPUT
3
KEYING
PULSE
Signal
from
the
mixer
in
the
VHF
tuner
is
con-
ducted
through
50-
ohm
coaxial
cable
to
PW
300,
and
thence
to
the
MAK
module.
Passing
through
Cl
and
R1 (
Figure
2-4),
it
next
encounters
the
parallel
paths
offered
by
C2
and
C3,
Li,
C4
and
05,
and
R2.
Traps
tuned
to
39.75
MHz,
adjacent-
channel
video
carrier,
and
47.25
MHz,
adjacent-
channel
sound
carrier,
are
connected
as
shown.
Li
is
a
low-
Q
tuned
circuit
adjusted
for
best
null-
ing
of
the
47.25-
MHz
trap.
From
the
parallel
paths
named
above,
paralleled
paths
to
ground (
having
an
equivalent
resistance
of
about
18
ohms)
are
provided
by
R3,
the
parallel
resonant
circuit
of
L2
+15
-
41
and
C6,
and
the
series
resonant
circuit
formed
by
L3
with
010,
C11,
and
012.
Therefore,
the
input
impedance
seen
at
Cl
is
nominally
50
ohms,
matching
the
impedance
of
the
link
cable.
The
coupling
network
consisting
of
L3,
010,
and
C12 (
Figure
2-4),
and
L4 (
Figure
2-5)
tunes
the
input
of
the
first
IF
amplifier,
located
inside
IC 1A.
The
adjustment
of
these
components
is
similar
to
the
alignment
of
the
link
circuit
of
many
earlier
receivers,
L3
is
tuned
to
the
center
frequency
of
the
IF
passband (
about
44
MHz),
L4
principally
controls
the
tilt
of
the
response
curve,
and
C12
es-
tablishes
the
bandwidth.
AGC
AND
NOISE
CONTROL
MAK
001A
1
FROM
C12
4
SERVICE
SWITCH
o s I
o R
I
15
NEGATIVE
HORIZ
RETRACE
NOISE
CONTROL
25K
A
ir
Ar
l
L4
C15
R6
-1
- - - '
001
3.3K
,
VV\.
R4
10
TP
3
C17
1
- .
001
-r
R10
--
=••7
100K
R9
56K
T -
C16
±
10e
•
R302
470K
R305
CR
301
R304
27K
C301
.01
+15-s
1.8M
CR
302
R307
3.3K
14
C13
.01
I
VV\e-
13
R310
§
12K
R8
18K
C20
1.3
•
TO
L6
_L
C19
10
=-"
+30
+30V
DIST
R11
4.7K
1
11-11---/VV\i-•
__.
C21
R12
10K
11
R303
180K
TUNER
AGC
Figure
2-5
First
and
Second
IF
Amplifiers
and
AGC
Circuits
10
R317
47
R10
is
the
collector
load
resistor
of
the
AGC-
amplifier
transistor
located
inside
the
IC
and
con-
nected
to
terminal
4.
Depending
on
the
level
of
input
signal
to
the
receiver,
the
voltage
at
terminal
4
will
vary
slightly,
above
and
below
to
about +
2.7
volts.
As
it
becomes
more
positive.
the
IF
gain
is
increased.
This voltage
is
applied
to
the
bottom
of
L4,
and
thence
to
terminal
6
of
the
IC
along
with
the
IF
signal.
Notice
that
when
the
service
switch
is
in
the
nor-
mal
position
one
end
of
R9
is
grounded.
In
either
the
raster
or
service
position
of
the
switch,
the
ground
is
removed
and
R9
is
connected
via
R302
to
the
anode
of
CR
301,
which
has
a
potential
of
about
100
volts.
The
portion
of
this
voltage
which
is
applied
to
terminals
4
and
6
of
the
IC
cuts
off
the
IF
amplifier
for
servicing.
Before
discussing
the
operation
of
the
noise
con-
trol
and
tuner
AGC
circuits
of
Figure
2-5,
it
is
ap-
propriate
to
review
the
fundamentals
of
AGC
operation.
Since
the
output
level
from
the
video
detector
must
be
held
constant,
it
is
obvious
that
the
receiver
gain
to
this
point
must
be
made
in-
versely
proportional
to
the
signal
strength.
This,
of
course,
is
the
purpose
of
AGC.
Since
the
range
of
signal
strengths
which
a
receiver
must
process
may
vary
from
perhaps
15
microvolts
to
150
milli-
volts,
the
ratio
of
receiver
gain
from
maximum
to
minimum
is
in
the
order
of
10,000:1.
To
design
a
single
stage
having
this
much
dynamic
range
is
difficult;
but
two
amplifiers
each
having
a
dynamic
range
of
100:1
will
fulfill
the
same
requirement
and
are
more
easily
constructed.
For
this
reason,
the
gains
of
both
the
tuner
RF
amplifier
and
the
first
IF
amplifier (
and
sometimes
the
second
IF
ampli-
fier)
are
controlled.
The
ability
of
a
receiver
to
produce
a
useful
pic-
ture
from
a
very
weak
signal
depends
upon
the
amount
of
noise
generated
within the
receiver
it-
self.
Since
most
of
this
harmful
noise
is
generated
in
the
tuner,
it
is
desirable
to
amplify
the
signal
as
much
as
possible
in
the
RF
amplifier,
to
main-
tain
the
ratio
of
signal
to
noise
as
great
as
possi-
ble.
For
this
reason
it
appears
that
it
always
would
be
desirable
to
operate
the
RF
amplifier
at
maximum
gain;
however,
this
could
cause
the
mixer
to
overload
and
produce
beats
during
reception
of
strong
signals.
The
solution
to this
problem
is
to
design
the
AGC
system
so
that
the
RF
amplifier
operates
at
maximum
gain
on
all
signals
weaker
than
some
predetermined
level,
perhaps
1000
microvolts;
above
this
level,
tuner
noise
no
longer
is
detrimental,
and
the
gain
of
the
RF
amplifier
is
reduced
progressively
by
the
AGC
as
stronger
signals
are
received.
This
is
called
AGC
delay.
In
the
OTO
49
chassis,
the
AGC
voltage
from
ter-
minal
7
of
IC
1 (
Figure
2-5)
is
more
positive
than
+6.7
volts
under
no-
signal
conditions, but the
diode
action
of
the
zener,
CR
302,
clamps
the
amer
AGC
voltage
to +
6.7
volts.
As
signal
strength
is
increased,
the
terminal-
7
output
drops,
and
falls
below
6.7
volts
at
about
1000
microvolts;
however,
until
this
point
is
reached,
the
gain
of
the
RF
tuner
is
maximum
and
receiver
gain
is
controlled
by
the
IF
AGC.
Further
increasing
the
signal
beyond
1000
micro-
volts (
nominal)
causes
the
tuner
AGC
voltage
to
swing
downwards
from
6.7
volts
toward
a
nega-
tive
maximum.
When
it
reaches -
5
volts,
CR
302
conducts
in
the
zener
mode,
preventing
a
further
negative
swing. This
is
the
minimum-
gain
operat-
ing
point
of
the
RF
amplifier.
Beyond
the
point
where
the
tuner
begins
operating
at
minimum
gain,
the
gain-
controlled
IF
amplifier
again
con-
trols
overall gain.
To
summarize
AGC
action,
there
are
three
distinct
modes
of
operation,
depending
on
signal
strength:
1.
No
signal
to
about
1000
microvolts
—
RF
gain
is
maximum
to
provide
best
possible
signal-to-noise
ratio
of
the
receiver.
IF
AGC
maintains
constant
video
output
from
the
detector.
2.
About
1000
microvolts
to
perhaps
100
milli-
volts
—
RF
gain
is
decreased
by
the
AGC
voltage
to
maintain
constant
output
from
the
video
detector.
IF
gain
is
substantially
constant.
3.
Above
about
100
millivolts
—
RF
gain
is
held
at
minimum
to
prevent
overload
of
the
mixer,
and
IF
gain
is
decreased
by
AGC
to
maintain
constant
video-
detector
output.
The
function
of
the
noise
control
is
to
allow
the
service
technician
to
predetermine
the
amount
of
signal
strength
at
which
AGC
operation
shifts
from
the
first
to
the
second
mode
and,
of
course,
from
the
second
mode
to
the
third.
For
example.
in
a
suburban
or
rural
area
where
all
signals
are
relatively
weak,
the
noise
control
may
be
set
to
allow
maximum
RF
gain (
and
minimum
noise);
in
a
strong-
signal
area,
the
noise
control
may
be
set
to
minimize
RF
gain
and
the
possibility
of
mixer
crosstalk.
11
IC
1A
IF,
VIDEO
PREAMP,
AND
AFT
The
schematic
diagram
in
Figure
2-6
shows
the
remaining
section
of
IC
1
and
those
external
circuit
components
which
connect
to
it.
Notice
that
L5,
C19,
and
C20
are
shown
on
both
Figures
2-5
and
2-6.
Signal
from
the
second
amplifier
appears
at
terminal
9
of
the
IC
and
is
coupled
to
the
third IF
amplifier
input,
terminal
13.
The
collector
of
the
second
IF
is
tuned
to
about
the
center
of
the
IF
passband (
44
MHz)
by L5
and
019.
Energy
is
coupled
via
C20
to
L6,
which
is
tuned
to
remove
tilt
from
the
response
curve.
41.25-
MHz
sound-
carrier
energy
is
removed
from
the
IF
signal
before
it
reenters
the
IC
at
terminal
13,
but
this
energy
still
is
present
at
the
take-off
point
to
the
IF
amplifier
whose
input
is
at
terminal
12.
As
stated
earlier,
the
circuits
in
the
IC
between
terminals
12
and
2
amplify
the
IF,
produce
the
4.5-
+30
R11
27K
C21
1000
C19
10
I I
C20
1.3
F- •
C22
T4 (
41.25 _
L I C
23
3.6
220
R15
8.2K
MHz
intercarrier
sound
signal,
and
amplify
it
for
injection
into
the
sound
module,
PM200.
The
IF
signal
fed
into
terminal
13
is
amplified,
de-
tected,
and
amplified;
the
resulting
video
signal
appears
at
terminal
19.
The
video
signal
at
this
point
has
a
peak-
to-
peak
amplitude
of
about
6.3
volts
with
negative-
going
sync;
sync-
tip
level
is
about + .
7
volt.
Passing through
the
4.5-
MHz
trap
and
the
preamplifier,
Q2,
the
video
is
fed
from
the
IF
module
to
the
video
module,
MAL.
A
second
output
from
the
preamplifier
is
developed
across
the
chroma
peaking
coil
L7,
and
fed
to
the
first
chroma
module,
MAC.
QI
is
a
regulator
transistor
which
supplies
voltage
to
a
number
of
devices
in
the
integrated
circuit.
Base
voltage
for
QI
is
established
by
a
12-
volt
TO
AFT
VOLTAGE
01
C27
L12
C28
IF
120
1.8
R1
6
C26
330 .
022
REGULATOR
680
R13
2.2K
C25 --
L-
-
11
MAK
001A
FLYBACK
PULSE
I -
01
R318
10K
/
VV\i
L10
15
H
10
19
MAC
C32
C31
160
56
C33
3
1-
160
R18
C29
330
180
R19
1K
L11
12
+30
R22
330
02
VIDEO
PREAMP
R21
1K
4.5
MHz
TRAP
4.5
MHz
TO
PM
200
Figure
2-6
IF
Output
and
Video
Preamplifier
12
R324
2.2K
MAL

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