REMKO WSP Series User manual

Assembly and operating instructions
Read the instructions prior to performing any task!
REMKO series WSP
Brine-heat pump
Instructions for Technicians
WSP 80, WSP 110, WSP 140, WSP 180
0176-2018-10 Edition 1, en_GB

Installation and operating instructions (translation of the orig-
inal)
Read these operating instructions carefully before commis-
sioning / using this device!
These instructions are an integral part of the system and must
always be kept near or on the device.
Subject to modifications; No liability accepted for errors or mis-
prints!

Table of contents
1 Safety and usage instructions............................................................................................................. 5
1.1 Special safety notes........................................................................................................................ 5
1.2 General safety notes....................................................................................................................... 5
1.3 Identification of notes...................................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Personnel qualifications.................................................................................................................. 6
1.5 Dangers of failure to observe the safety notes................................................................................ 6
1.6 Safety-conscious working............................................................................................................... 6
1.7 Safety notes for the operator........................................................................................................... 6
1.8 Safety notes for installation, maintenance and inspection.............................................................. 7
1.9 Unauthorised modification and changes......................................................................................... 7
1.10 Intended use................................................................................................................................. 7
1.11 Warranty........................................................................................................................................ 7
1.12 Transport and packaging.............................................................................................................. 7
1.13 Environmental protection and recycling........................................................................................ 8
2 Technical data........................................................................................................................................ 9
2.1 Unit data.......................................................................................................................................... 9
2.2 Product data.................................................................................................................................. 12
2.3 Unit dimensions, heat pump.......................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Diagram, cooling cycle.................................................................................................................. 16
2.5 Heat pump usable limits in monovalent operation........................................................................ 16
2.6 Pump characteristic curves........................................................................................................... 17
3 Design and function............................................................................................................................ 19
3.1 The heat pump in general............................................................................................................. 19
3.2 Brine heat pump............................................................................................................................ 20
3.3 Unit description............................................................................................................................. 21
4 Assembly............................................................................................................................................. 24
4.1 System layout................................................................................................................................ 24
4.2 General installation notes.............................................................................................................. 24
4.3 Layout, assembly of heat pump.................................................................................................... 25
4.4 Opening the unit............................................................................................................................ 26
4.5 For connection to the brine cycle.................................................................................................. 27
5 Hydraulic connection.......................................................................................................................... 29
6Electrical heating coil......................................................................................................................... 36
6.1 Layout and function of the electrical heating coil.......................................................................... 36
6.2 Emergency-heat operation............................................................................................................ 37
7 Cooling of the heat pump................................................................................................................... 38
8 Corrosion protection.......................................................................................................................... 39
9 Electrical wiring................................................................................................................................... 41
9.1 Important notes............................................................................................................................. 41
10 Before commissioning....................................................................................................................... 42
11 Commissioning................................................................................................................................... 43
11.1 Operating panel and notes about commissioning....................................................................... 43
12 Care and maintenance........................................................................................................................ 43
13 Temporary shutdown.......................................................................................................................... 44
3

14 Troubleshooting and customer service............................................................................................ 45
14.1 General troubleshooting.............................................................................................................. 45
15 General view of unit and spare parts................................................................................................ 46
15.1 General view of heat pump WSP 80/110/140/180...................................................................... 46
16 General terms...................................................................................................................................... 49
17 Index..................................................................................................................................................... 51
REMKO series WSP
4

1 Safety and
usage instructions
1.1 Special safety notes
Always pay attention to all of the following safety
notes and stipulations.
nThe device can only be installed as a complete
unit together with all items of safety equipment.
nPersonnel responsible for on-site construction,
commissioning, operation, maintenance,
inspection and installation must be able to
demonstrate that they hold a qualification
which proves their ability to undertake the
work.
nElectrical installation and installation of the
device must always be carried out by a trade
specialist who is responsible for compliance
with applicable specifications during the instal-
lation and initial commissioning.
nThe hot water storage tank is at normal mains
water pressure. If no diaphragm expansion
valve is installed, the expansion water can drip
out of the safety valve while it is heating up.
After the heating process, if water still drips out
of the safety valve, notify your trade technician.
nProtective covers (grills) over moving parts
must not be removed from units that are in
operation.
nSafety devices may not be modified or
bypassed.
nAlways pay attention to the notes defining the
danger area that you will find in the 'Assembly'
chapter.
DANGER!
Risk of suffocation
Rooms in which refrigerant may escape shall
be adequately aerated and ventilated. Other-
wise there is danger of suffocation.
CAUTION!
Risk of combustion and injury
Contact with equipment parts or components
can lead to burns or injury.
CAUTION!
Maintain a safe distance from hazardous
materials
The units and components must be kept at an
adequate distance from flammable, explosive,
combustible, abrasive and dirty areas or atmos-
pheres.
CAUTION!
This device can be used by children above the
age of 8, as well as by people with impaired
physical, sensory or mental capabilities or a
lack of experience and knowledge if they are
supervised or have received instruction in the
safe operation of the device, and if they under-
stand the associated potential hazards. Chil-
dren must never play with the device. Cleaning
and user maintenance must not be carried out
by unsupervised children.
1.2 General safety notes
Carefully read the operating manual before com-
missioning the units for the first time. It contains
useful tips and notes such as hazard warnings to
prevent personal injury and material damage.
Failure to follow the directions in this manual not
only presents a danger to people, the environment
and the system itself, but will void any claims for
liability.
Keep this operating manual and the refrigerant
data sheet near to the units.
1.3 Identification of notes
This section provides an overview of all important
safety aspects for proper protection of people and
safe and fault-free operation.The instructions and
safety notes contained within this manual must be
observed in order to prevent accidents, personal
injury and material damage.
Notes attached directly to the units must be
observed in their entirety and be kept in a fully
legible condition.
Safety notes in this manual are indicated by sym-
bols. Safety notes are introduced with signal words
which help to highlight the magnitude of the danger
in question.
5

DANGER!
Contact with live parts poses an immediate
danger of death due to electric shock. Damage
to the insulation or individual components may
pose a danger of death.
DANGER!
This combination of symbol and signal word
warns of a situation in which there is immediate
danger, which if not avoided may be fatal or
cause serious injury.
WARNING!
This combination of symbol and signal word
warns of a potentially hazardous situation,
which if not avoided may be fatal or cause
serious injury.
CAUTION!
This combination of symbol and signal word
warns of a potentially hazardous situation,
which if not avoided may cause injury or mate-
rial and environmental damage.
NOTICE!
This combination of symbol and signal word
warns of a potentially hazardous situation,
which if not avoided may cause material and
environmental damage.
This symbol highlights useful tips and recom-
mendations as well as information for efficient
and fault-free operation.
1.4 Personnel qualifications
Personnel responsible for commissioning, opera-
tion, maintenance, inspection and installation must
be able to demonstrate that they hold a qualifica-
tion which proves their ability to undertake the
work.
1.5 Dangers of failure to observe
the safety notes
Failure to observe the safety notes may pose a risk
to people, the environment and the units. Failure to
observe the safety notes may void any claims for
damages.
In particular, failure to observe the safety notes
may pose the following risks:
nThe failure of important unit functions.
nThe failure of prescribed methods of mainte-
nance and repair.
nDanger to people on account of electrical and
mechanical effects.
1.6 Safety-conscious working
The safety notes contained in this manual, the
existing national regulations concerning accident
prevention as well as any internal company
working, operating and safety regulations must be
observed.
1.7 Safety notes for the operator
The operational safety of the units and compo-
nents is only assured providing they are used as
intended and in a fully assembled state.
nThe units and components may only be set up,
installed and maintained by qualified per-
sonnel.
nProtective covers (grille) over moving parts
must not be removed from units that are in
operation.
nDo not operate units or components with
obvious defects or signs of damage.
nContact with certain unit parts or components
may lead to burns or injury.
nThe units and components must not be
exposed to any mechanical load, extreme
levels of humidity or extreme temperature.
nSpaces in which refrigerant can leak sufficient
to load and vent. Otherwise there is danger of
suffocation.
REMKO series WSP
6

nAll housing parts and device openings, e.g. air
inlets and outlets, must be free from foreign
objects, fluids or gases.
nThe units must be inspected by a service tech-
nician at least once annually. Visual inspec-
tions and cleaning may be performed by the
operator when the units are disconnected from
the mains.
1.8 Safety notes for installation,
maintenance and inspection
nAppropriate hazard prevention measures must
be taken to prevent risks to people when per-
forming installation, repair, maintenance or
cleaning work on the units.
nThe setup, connection and operation of the
units and its components must be undertaken
in accordance with the usage and operating
conditions stipulated in this manual and comply
with all applicable regional regulations.
nThe heat pump must be connected to the heat
source and heating or cooling system in
accordance with the relevant regulations.
nRegional regulations and laws as well as the
Water Ecology Act (WHG) must be observed.
nThe power supply should be adapted to the
requirements of the units.
nUnits may only be mounted at the points pro-
vided for this purpose at the factory. The units
may only be secured or mounted on stable
structures, walls or floors.
nMobile units must be set up securely on suit-
able surfaces and in an upright position. Sta-
tionary units must be permanently installed for
operation.
nThe units and components should not be oper-
ated in areas where there is an increased risk
of damage. Observe the minimum clearances.
nThe units and components must be kept at an
adequate distance from flammable, explosive,
combustible, abrasive and dirty areas or
atmospheres.
nSafety devices may not be modified or
bypassed.
1.9 Unauthorised modification
and changes
Modifications or changes to units and components
are not permitted and may cause malfunctions.
Safety devices may not be modified or bypassed.
Original replacement parts and accessories
authorised by the manufactured ensure safety. The
use of other parts may invalidate liability for
resulting consequences.
1.10 Intended use
Depending on the model, the equipment and the
additional fittings with which it is equipped is only
intended to be used as an air-conditioner for the
purpose of cooling or heating the air in an
enclosed room.
Any different or additional use shall be classed as
non-intended use. The manufacturer/supplier
assumes no liability for damages arising from such
use. The user bears the sole risk in such cases.
Intended use also includes working in accordance
with the operating and installation instructions and
complying with the maintenance requirements.
Under no circumstances should the threshold
values specified in the technical data be exceeded.
1.11 Warranty
For warranty claims to be considered, it is essential
that the ordering party or its representative com-
plete and return the "certificate of warranty" to
REMKO GmbH & Co. KG at the time when the
units are purchased and commissioned.
The warranty conditions are detailed in the "Gen-
eral business and delivery conditions". Further-
more, only the parties to a contract can conclude
special agreements beyond these conditions. In
this case, contact your contractual partner in the
first instance.
1.12 Transport and packaging
The devices are supplied in a sturdy shipping con-
tainer. Please check the equipment immediately
upon delivery and note any damage or missing
parts on the delivery and inform the shipper and
your contractual partner. For later complaints can
not be guaranteed.
WARNING!
Plastic films and bags etc. are dangerous
toys for children!
Why:
- Leave packaging material are not around.
- Packaging material may not be accessible to
children!
7

1.13 Environmental protection
and recycling
Disposal of packaging
All products are packed for transport in environ-
mentally friendly materials. Make a valuable contri-
bution to reducing waste and sustaining raw mate-
rials. Only dispose of packaging at approved
collection points.
Disposal of equipment and components
Only recyclable materials are used in the manufac-
ture of the devices and components. Help protect
the environment by ensuring that the devices or
components (for example batteries) are not dis-
posed in household waste, but only in accordance
with local regulations and in an environmentally
safe manner, e.g. using certified firms and recy-
cling specialists or at collection points.
REMKO series WSP
8

2 Technical data
2.1 Unit data
Series WSP 80 WSP 110 WSP 140 WSP 180
System Brine/water
Function Heating/hot water
Cooling Optionally passive
Compressor technology Scroll
Heat pump manager Smart Control Touch
Temperature operating limit brine
(heat source, heating) °C -10 - +25
Temperature operating limit brine
(heat sink, cooling) °C +5 - +18
Antifreezing agent Glycol
Minimal brine concentration °C - 13
Min. heat source capacity kW 5.0 7.0 9.0 15.0
Cooling capacity heat pump kW 5.0 7.0 9.0 15.0
Inlet temp. Heating water, max. °C +60
Passive cooling (source) operating
limit °C +5 - +18
Min. inlet temperature, cooling water °C +15
Electrical auxiliary heater /
heating capacity kW optional/9.0
Domestic hot-water heating
(changeover valve) optional outdoor
Connection oil / gas boiler optional outdoor
Heating capacity, ErP kW 5.0 8.0 9.0 17.0
Heating capacity/COP 1) for B0/W35 kW/COP 5.7/4.7 7.9/4.8 10.8/4.9 17.2/5.2
Heating capacity/COP 1) for B0/W55 kW/COP 5.2/2.6 6.9/2.7 9.2/2.8 15.0/2.8
Heating capacity/COP 1)
for W10/W35 kW/COP 7.6/5.8 9.7/6.0 14.1/6.3 22.6/6.5
Heating capacity/COP 1)
for W10/W55 kW/COP 6.6/3.2 8.4/3.2 11.9/3.5 19.2/3.5
Power consumption for B0/W35 4) kW 1.2 1.7 2.2 3.3
Power consumption for B0/W55 4) kW 2.0 2.6 3.3 5.4
Power consumption for W10/W35 4) kW 1.3 1.6 2.2 3.5
Power consumption for W10/W55 4) kW 2.1 3.2 3.4 5.5
9

Series WSP 80 WSP 110 WSP 140 WSP 180
Cooling capacity/EER 2)
for B5/W18 kW/EER 10.0 12.0
Refrigerant R410A 2)
Basic filling quantity, heat pump kg 1.0 1.4 2.6 2.8
CO2 equivalent t 2.1 2.9 5.4 5.8
Cooling cycle Hermetically sealed
Heat pump compressor power
supply V/Ph/Hz 400V/3~/50Hz
Heat pump control power
supply V/Ph/Hz 230V/1~/50Hz
Power supply
electrical heating coil V/Ph/Hz 400V/3~/50Hz
Rated current consumption
for B0/W35 (pro Phase) A 2.35 2.85 3.60 5.40
Electrical power consumption
source pump/heating circ. pump W 70/35 90/45 100/55 110/65
Max. power consumption kW 3.75 4.99 6.25 7.50
Max. starting current A 28 40 48 62
Power factor (cosφ) -- 0.78 0.77 0.81 0.80
Fuse protection provided by the
customer heat pump without
heating coil
A slow-
acting 3x16 3x20
Nominal/max. medium flow
rate, water (heating)
(accord. to EN 14511, at ∆t 5 K)
m3/h 0.90/2.3 1.4/2.3 1.6/3.0 2.5/3.0
Nominal/max. medium flow
rate, heat source
(glycol) at ∆t 3 K
m3/h 1.2/3.0 1.9/3.0 2.1/3.0 3.3/3.0
Volume of the evaporator l <1.4 1.8 2.3 2.3
Evaporator material Brazed stainless steel/copper
Max. external pressure loss
(heating system) kPa 50 40 80 60
Max. pressure loss, heat
source with glycol kPa 70 60 70 60
Max. operating excess pres-
sure (heat source) bar 3
Switch-off pressure brine pres-
sure switch (excess pressure) bar 0.5
Max. operating pressure, water bar 3
Hydraulic connection inlet/
return flow, flat-sealing , heat
source /heating
Inches 1" / 1" 1 1/4" / 1 1/4"
REMKO series WSP
10

Series WSP 80 WSP 110 WSP 140 WSP 180
Copper pipe dimension to be pro-
vided by the customer mm 28 35
Heat pump water volume l 2.30 2.58 3.73 3.73
Refrigerant oil Type Synthetic Oil FV50S
Sound power level, heat pump dB(A) 42 44 45 45
Sound pressure level LpA,
heat pump 3) dB(A) 34 39 40 40
Heat pump dimensions
Height mm 1065
Width mm 650
Depth mm 650
Weight, heat pump kg 175 185 200 210
1) COP = coefficient of performance (heating coefficient) per EN 14511 (applies on a unit with clean heat
transmission)
2) Contains greenhouse gas according to Kyoto protocol, GWP 2088
3) Quarter spherical propagation, distance 1 m
4) In accordance with EN 14511
Information provided without guarantee! We reserve the right to make technical changes within the frame-
work of technical advancement.
11

2.2 Product data
Average condition WSP 80/110 1)
Series WSP 80 WSP 110
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A+++/A+++ A+++/A++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 6,0/5,0 8,0/7,0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 175/153 178/125
Contribution to seasonal room heating energy efficiency of the
REMKO Smart Control % 4 4
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) kWh 2665/2687 3600/4354
Sound power level LWA (heat pump) dB(A) 42 44
Warmer condition WSP 80/110 2)
Series WSP 80 WSP 110
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A++/A+++ A+++/A+++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 6.0/5.0 8.0/7.0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 171/149 178/124
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) 1756/1772 2333/2827
Colder condition WSP 80/110 3)
Series WSP 80 WSP 110
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A++/A+++ A+++/A+++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 9.0/8.0 12.0/11.0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 174/154 180/130
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) 4787/4914 6397/7820
1) Average condition = Moderate temperature periods
2) Warmer condition = Warm temperature periods
3) Colder condition = Cold temperature periods
4) The specified value is based on results from standard testing.
The actual consumption depends on the use and location of the unit.
REMKO series WSP
12

Average condition WSP 140/180 1)
Series WSP 140 WSP 180
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A+++/A+++ A+++/A++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 11,0/9,0 17,0/15,0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 201/178 224/138
Contribution to seasonal room heating energy efficiency of the
REMKO Smart Control % 4 4
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) kWh 4308/4087 6136/8476
Sound power level LWA (heat pump) dB(A) 45 45
Warmer condition WSP 140/180 2)
Series WSP 140 WSP 180
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A+++/A+++ A+++/A++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 11.0/9.0 17.0/15.0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 199/176 226/139
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) 2807/2667 3921/5447
Colder condition WSP 140/180 3)
Series WSP 140 WSP 180
Energy efficiency ratio, heating 35 °C/55 °C A+++/A+++ A++/A+++
Energy efficiency ratio, hot water XL A A
Nominal heating power P rated 35 °C/55 °C kW 16.0/15.0 26.0/23.0
Room heating energy efficiency hs 35 °C/55 °C % 191/172 223/144
Yearly energy consumption QHE 35 °C/ 55 °C 4) 8135/7985 11009/15195
1) Average condition = Moderate temperature periods
2) Warmer condition = Warm temperature periods
3) Colder condition = Cold temperature periods
4) The specified value is based on results from standard testing.
The actual consumption depends on the use and location of the unit.
13

2.3 Unit dimensions, heat pump
30
~1065
40÷50
53 84494
630
650
650
5353 544
Fig. 1: Heat pump dimensions
REMKO series WSP
14

Designations of pipe connections on the heat pump
650
8518060606012085
120
630
60
6
5
2
1
3
4
Fig. 2: Designations of pipe connections, plan view
1: Inlet heat source
2: Return flow heat source
3: Mains connection inlet = ø 36 mm
4: Probe and signal inlet = ø 36 mm
5: Heating water, inlet
6: Heating water, return flow
Dimensioning of piping (all details in inches)
WSP 80/110/140/180
Inlet for heat source 1" OT
Return flow for heat source 1" OT
Heating water, inlet (surface sealing) 1 1/4" OT
Heating water, return flow (surface sealing) 1 1/4" OT
15

2.4 Diagram, cooling cycle
2
4
3
5
6
1
8
EXV1
B6 B4
B1
B2
ID3
B7
B5
B3
A
B
7
Fig. 3: Diagram, cooling cycle
A: Heat source
B: Heating system
1: Circulation pump heat source
2: Plate heat exchanger evaporator heat source
3: Electronic expansion valve
4: Compressor
5: Filter dryer refrigerant cycle
6: Plate heat exchanger condenser
7: Electrical heating coil
8: Heating circulation pump
B1: Heating return flow probe
B2: Heating inlet probe
B3: Heat source inlet probe/heat pump outlet
B4: Suction gas temperature probe
B5: Hot gas temperature probe
2.5 Heat pump usable limits in monovalent operation
A
B
62
58
53
48
43
38
33
28
23
18
-10 -5 0 7 15 20 25
-10 °C; 23 °C
-10 °C; 55,5 °C
-5 °C; 60 °C 25 °C; 60 °C
25 °C; 29,5 °C
15 °C; 23 °C
Fig. 4: Usable limits and measuring points
A: Water temperature [°C] / B: Air temperature [°C]
REMKO series WSP
16

2.6 Pump characteristic curves
Heating pump, heat pump
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6
Q [m³/h]
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
[m]
H
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
[kPa]
p
0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0
Q [l/s]
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6
Q [m³/h]
0
10
20
30
40
50
[W]
P1
2
1
3
3
4
Fig. 5: Circulation pump: Grundfoss UPM 3 25-70 130 - capacity range
1: Pressure [kPa]
2: Height [m]
3: Medium flow rate [m3/h]
4: Speed
External control via analogue-In PWM signal
The tolerances of each curve are in acc. with EN 1151-1:2006
Stage Effective
power consumption [W] Current consumption [A] Motor protection
min. 2 0.04 blocking current resistant
max. 52 0.52 blocking current resistant
17

Heat source pump, heat pump
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
20 40 60 80 100
2
1
3
A
B
Fig. 6: Circulation pump Grundfoss UPML 25-105 180 PWM - capacity range
1: Power consumption [W]
2: Medium flow rate [l/min]
3: Request [%]
A: Characteristics curve for medium flow rate [l/min]
B: Characteristics curve for power consumption [W]
External control via analogue-In PWM signal. The tolerances of each curve are in acc. with EN 1151-1:2006
Stage Effective power
consumption[W]
Current consumption
[A] Motor protection
min. 7 0.07 blocking current resistant
max. 136 1.03 blocking current resistant
REMKO series WSP
18

3 Design and function
3.1 The heat pump in general
Arguments for heat pumps from REMKO
nHeat pumps make a contribution to environ-
mental protection.
nLower CO2 emissions in comparison to oil and
gas heating.
nAll models are able to cool as well as heat.
nFlexible installation due to split system design.
nNegligible maintenance costs.
nNo noise in outdoor area
nMax. efficiency through the use of geothermal
energy
Underfloor heating
Air conditioner
Solar
station
External probe
Power
inverter
PV system
Hot water Cold water
Radiator
Indoor module
Earth probe
Solar plant Photovoltaic system
25%
electrical
energy
free geothermal heat
75%
Fig. 7: Free heat
* The ratio can vary depending on source temperature and operating conditions.
Economical and environmentally conscious
heating
The burning of fossil-based energy sources in
order to generate power creates severe conse-
quences for the environment. A high percentage of
fossil fuels is also problematic due to the limited
resources of oil and gas and the price increases
resulting from this. For this reason, many people
today are thinking both economically and environ-
mentally-consciously in terms of heating. The
application of heat pump technology enables both
of these concepts to be combined. It makes use of
the energy which is permanently available in the
air, water and soil and converts it into usable
heating energy by means of inputting electrical
energy. Yet in order to generate heat equivalent to
4 kWh, only about 1 kWh of electricity is required.
The rest is made available free-of-charge by the
environment.
Heat source
There are essentially three heat sources from
which heat pumps can derive energy: air, soil and
groundwater.
Brine heat pumps extract energy from the soil. This
is achieved through serpentine pipe networks
which are laid approx. 1 m deep or placed by
means of drilling.
Air heat pumps have the advantage that air as a
source heat is available everywhere in unlimited
quantities that can be used free of charge. A dis-
advantage is that the outside air is at its coldest
when the heat requirement is greatest.
Water heat pumps require two wells in order to
obtain heat from the groundwater, one supply well
and one dry well. The development of this source
is not possible everywhere. It is expensive and
requires planning permission.
19

3.2 Brine heat pump
Function of the geothermal heat source
A heat pump is a unit which makes use of a
working medium to absorb ambient heat under low
temperatures and transports this heat to a place
where it can be of use for heating purposes. Heat
pumps work according to the same principles as a
refrigerator. The difference is that heat, the by-
product of the refrigerator, is the goal of the heat
pump.
How the heat pump works
The soil stores heat obtained from the sun, wind
and rain. This geothermal energy is absorbed by
the brine at a low temperature in the geothermal
collector, the geothermal probe or similar. A circu-
lation pump then conveys the “heated” brine into
the evaporator of the heat pump. There, this heat
is transferred to the refrigerant in the refrigeration
circuit. The brine cools down again so that it can
absorb heat energy again in the brine circuit. The
refrigerant is drawn in by the electrically driven
compressor, compressed and “pumped” to a
higher temperature level. The electrical drive
power supplied during this process is not lost, but
is largely supplied to the refrigerant. The refrig-
erant then enters the condenser and transfers its
heat energy to the heating water. Depending on
the operating point, the heated heating water heats
up to 60 °C.
Smart Control is used for regulation, and it assures
the independent operation of all safety devices.
The WSP series heating system heat pump
includes a regulated heating cycle pump, regulated
heat source pump, 2 plate heat exchangers for
source and heating, dirt trap, compressor, electric
expansion valve, safety valve, pressure gauge,
filling and draining valve, automatic bleeding valve
and flow switch.
A 3-way changeover valve, overflow protection
valve and other probes are available as accesso-
ries.
Emergency-heat operation
The heat pump can optionally be equipped with a
Smart-Serv electric heating coil. This can be used
for screed drying as well as for emergency-heat
operation. The Smart-Serv can be switched on
automatically via the Smart Control. Furthermore,
an anti-freeze function is implemented in the event
of faults.
Cooling mode
A cooling function can also be implemented with
the cooling mode available as an accessory via a
panel heating system. The changeover valves
installed in the cooling mode allow direct heat
transfer from the heating system to the brine
system without compressor use. The thermal
energy of the heating system is therefore trans-
ferred directly to the “cold” brine and thus cooled.
The cool heating water is then pumped into the
panel heating system and ensures the correct tem-
perature in the living rooms. At the same time, the
heat energy regenerates the soil.
Cooling can take place via silent or dynamic
cooling.
Passive cooling
Passive cooling refers to the absorption of heat via
cooled floors, walls or ceiling surfaces. In doing so,
water-carrying pipes make the structural sections
into thermally effective heat exchangers. In order
to achieve this, the refrigerant temperature has to
lie above the dew point, in order to avoid the for-
mation of condensation. Dew-point monitoring is
required for this purpose.
Dynamic cooling
With dynamic cooling the refrigerating capacity is
actively transferred to the indoor air. This is ach-
ieved by means of water-based fan convectors. In
doing so, it is desirable that the inlet temperatures
are under the dew point, in order to transfer a
higher refrigerating capacity and to dehumidify the
indoor air.
We recommend dynamic cooling with fan convec-
tors, in order to achieve increased cooling capacity
and in order to dehumidify the air on muggy
summer days. You will find corresponding devices
in the KWD, KWK and WLT-S series on our web-
site: “www.remko.de”. The advantage here is that
dew point monitoring is not required.
REMKO series WSP
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