Rikaline GPS-22 User manual

Rikaline GPS-22
GPS Receiver Module
Positioning Accuracy:
3m CEP (50%) or <5m CEP ((90%)
Low Power:
17mA typical -- tracking at 3.3 Volts, full power
Rikaline International Corp.
14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R.O.C
Phone: [phone] Fax: [phone]
E-Mail: [email protected] Web: www.rikaline.com.tw
All Right Reserved
User’s Guide
FirstGPS V1.0 Jun 28, 2003

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….………… 3
1.1 Overview ………………………………………………………………………………………. 3
1.2 Features ……………………………………………………………………………….………. 3
1.3 FirstGPS Architecture Highlights …………………………………………………………… 3
1.4 Application …………………………………………………………………………………….. 3
1.3 Technology specifications ………………………………………………………………….… 3
2. Operational Characteristic ………………………………………………………………. 5
2.1 Initialization …………………………………………………………………………………… 5
2.2 Navigation …………………………………………………………………………………….. 5
3. Hardware Interface …….……………………………………………………………………. 6
3.1 Physical Characters ………………………………………………………………………… 6
3.2 Pin Definition ………………………………………………………………………………… 6
4. Software Interface ……………..…………………………………………………….………. 8
4.1 NMEA Transmitted Message ……………………………………………………….………. 8
4.2 RTCM Received Data ………………..…………………………………………………….. 11
4.3 Syntax Setting ………………………………………………………………………………… 11
4.4 Default Setting Details ………………………………………………………………………… 14
4.5 Application Information ……………………………………………………………………… 15
5. Earth Datums ………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
5.1 Earth Datums ………………………………………………………………………………… 16
6. Ordering Information ………………………………………………………………………. 16
6.1 Products Options ……………………………………………………………………..……… 16
6.2 Accessories ……………………………………………………………………..…………….. 16
7. Warranty …………………………………………………………………………..…………….. 16

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
1. Introduction
1.1 Overview
The Rikaline GPS-22 GPS Receiver is a GPS receiver featuring the revolutionary FirstGPS™
architecture. This complete enabled GPS receiver module provides high position and speed accuracy
performances as well as high sensitivity and tracking capabilities in urban canyon conditions. The solution
enables small form factor package. The GPS-22 delivers major advancements in GPS performances,
accuracy, integration, computing power and flexibility. It is designed to simplify the embedded system
integration process.
This positioning application meets strict needs such as car navigation, mapping, surveying, agriculture and
so on. Only clear view of sky and certain power supply are necessary to the unit. GPS-22 communicates
with other electronic utilities via compatible dual-channel through TTL and saves critical satellite data in
built–in memory backup. With low power consumption, the GPS-22 tracks up to 8 satellites at a time,
re-acquires satellite signals in 100 ms and updates position data every second.
1.2 Features
The GPS-22 provides a host of features that make it easy for integration and use.
1. Position accuracy in < 3m CEP (50%) or <5m CEP ((90%) without SA (horizontal)
2. Ultra low power: 17mA typical -- tracking at 3.3 Volts, full power
3. High sensitivity: to -143 dBm tracking, superior urban canyon performances
4. Small form factor and low cost solution
5. Ready-to-plug solution. Easily integrated into existing systems
6. On-board RAM for GPS navigation data
7. PPS output (User may have different interval setting from 1 second to 1 minute.
8. Differential capability utilizes real-time RTCM corrections producing < 1 meter position accuracy.
9. FLASH based program memory: New setting is stored permanently.
1.3 FirstGPS Architecture Highlights
1.3.1 Industry Leading GPS Performance
-Builds on high performance FirstGPSTM
core
-Satellite signal tracking engine to perform GPS acquisition and tracking functions without CPU
intervention
-High sensitivity: to -143 dBm tracking, superior urban canyon performances
-Position accuracy: < 3m CEP (50%) without SA (horizontal)
-Warm Start is under 42 seconds (90%)
-Hot Start is under 10 seconds (90%)
1.3.2 Low Power
-Ultra low power integrated circuit design, optimized RF and DSP architectures
-Further power saving thanks to 4 different power down mode
1.4 Application
1. Car Navigation
2. Mapping
3. Surveying
4. Agriculture
5. Palmtop, Laptop, PDA
6. Location Based Services enabled devices
7. Asset management/tracking
8. Handheld receivers
1.5 Technology specifications
1.5.1 Physical Dimension
1. Size: 31.59(W) x 26.59(D) x 11.20(H) (mm)

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
1.24”(W) x 1.05”(D) x 0.44”(H)
2. Weight: 25 g
1.5.2 Environmental Characteristics
1) Operating temperature: -40oC to +85oC (internal temperature)
2) Storage temperature: -55oC to +100oC
1.5.3 Electrical Characteristics
1) Input voltage: +3.0 ~ 3.65 VDC.
2) HFL antenna connector: Active or patch (3.0V antenna is recommended).
1.5.4 Functional Block Diagram
1.5.5 Performance
1) Tracks up to 8 satellites.
2) Update rate: 1 second.
3) Acquisition time:
Reacquisition 0.1 sec. (90%)
Hot start 10 sec. (90%)
Warm start 42 sec. (90%)
Cold start 120 sec. (90%)
4) Position accuracy:
Non DGPS (Differential GPS)
Position <3m CEP (50%) or <5 m CEP (90%)
Velocity 0.1 meters/second.
Time 1 microsecond synchronized GPS time
DGPS (Differential GPS)
Position <1 m, typical
Velocity 0.05 meters/second, typical
5) Dynamic Conditions:
Altitude 18,000 meters(60,000 feet) max
Velocity 515 meters/second (1000 knots) max
Acceleration 4 G, max
Jerk 20 meters/second³, max
1.5.6 Interfaces
1) Dual communication channel through TTL, with user selectable baud rate (2400, 4800-Default, 9600,
19200, 38400, 57600, 115200).
2) NMEA 0183 Version 2.1 ASCII output (GGA, GLL, GSV, GSA, RMC, VTG, ZDA).
3) Real-time Differential Correction input (RTCM SC-104 message types 1, 2 and 9).
Remark: FirstGPS™is the trademark from Trimble
ANT
LNA
GPS
BASEBAND
PROCESSOR
RF
DOWN -
CONVERTER
BP
FILTER
TCXO
I LPF
Q
LPF
I
Q
MCLKI
SCLK
RF+
RF -
BP
FILTER RX
TX
RTOS
FirstGPS
SOFTWARE
API
XE1610 -OEMPVT
APPLICATION PVT
BOARD
INTERFACE
Active Antenna
ANT
LNA
GPS
BASEBAND
PROCESSOR
RF
DOWN -
CONVERTER
BP
FILTER
TCXO
I LPF
Q
LPF
I
Q
MCLKI
SCLK
RF+
RF -
BP
FILTER RX
TX
RTOS
FirstGPS
SOFTWARE
API
-
APPLICATION PVT
BOARD
INTERFACE
Active Antenna

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
2. Operational characteristics
2.1 Initialization
As soon as the initial self-test is complete, the GPS-22 begins the process of satellite acquisition and
tracking automatically. Under normal circumstances, it takes approximately 120 seconds to achieve a
position fix, 42 seconds if ephemeris data is known. After a position fix has been calculated, information
about valid position, velocity and time is transmitted over the output channel.
The GPS-22 utilizes initial data, such as last stored position, date, time and satellite orbital data, to achieve
maximum acquisition performance. If significant inaccuracy exists in the initial data, or the orbital data is
obsolete, it may take more time to achieve a navigation solution. The FirstGPS™ architecture provides
superior performance. However, acquisition performance can be improved as the host system initializes the
GPS-22 in the following situation:
1. Moving further than 1,500 kilometers.
2. Failure of Data storage due to the inactive memory power back up.
2.2 Navigation
After the acquisition process is complete, the GPS-22 sends valid navigation information over output
channels. These data include:
1) Latitude/longitude/altitude
2) Velocity
3) Date/time
4) Error estimates
5) Satellite and receiver status
The GPS-22 sets the default of auto-searching for real-time differential corrections in RTCM SC-104
standard format, with the message types 1, 2, or 9. It accomplishes the satellite data to generate a
differential (DGPS) solution. The host system, at its option, may also command the GPS-22 to output a
position whenever a differential solution is available.

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
3. Hardware interface
3.1 Physical Characters
1. Size: 31.59(W) x 26.59(D) x 11.20(H) (mm)
1.24”(W) x 1.05”(D) x 0.44”(H)
2. Weight: 25 g
3.1.1 Details Drawing
3.2 Pin Definition
PIN NAME TYPE DESCRIPTION
1 GND Power and Signal Ground
2 ON/OFF I ON / Off command line
3 VCC 3.0 to 3.6 Volts DC Input Power Supply
4 USPED I 9600/4800 Bd UART Speed
5 RXA I Serial Receive Data, Port A, GPS NMEA Data
6 VRTCBK Back-up supply for the RTC
7 TXA O Serial Transmit Data, Port A, GPS NMEA Data
8 PPS O One Pulse Per Second timing output
9 GND Power and Signal Ground
10 RESETN Manual Reset, Active low
11 ALMRDY 1(high): almanac valid; 0 (low): almanac not valid
12 STY1 I Blinking function, when position fix, output “low”. When
tracking, output the interval signal “high/low”.
13 N.C.
14 STY0 For customer specific version
15 N.C.
16 OSCSTOPN Stand-by active “low”

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
1) All I/Os on the Data Interface are related to VCC (3 to 3.6 Volts) and GND levels.
2) ON/OFF: control the GPS engine “ON” or “OFF”. If this pin is pulled “HIGH” whenever a reset
condition occurs or if it is turned “HIGH” during operating, the GPS engine is turned “ON”. If this pin is
pulled “LOW” whenever a reset condition occurs, the GPS engine is not started. If this pin is turned
“LOW” when in operating, the GPS engine is turned “OFF”. When ON/OFF is “LOW”, the on/off state can
be superseded with the PXEMaRT manufacturer specific NMEA sentence on RXA, as defined below.
3) RXA and TXA: The Serial NMEA data port (RXA and TXA) is an asynchronous serial port (UART).
4) USPED: USPED “HIGH”: 9600 Baud rate, 8 bit data, no parity check, 1 stop bit and no flow control.
USPED “LOW”: 4800 Baud rate, 8 bit data, no parity check, 1 stop bit and no flow control .
This setting can be modified with the PXEMaPT manufacturer specific NMEA sentence defined later.
5) PPS: This is Pulse Per Second highly accurate timing signal generated by the on-board GPS base
band processor at 83ms duration. After a reset condition, the default setting for this port is inactive. This
setting can be modified with the PXEMaPS manufacturer specific NMEA sentence defined below.
6) RESETN: The receiver has 2 reset conditions: first, on power-on, thanks to an on-board Power On Reset
circuitry; and second an external reset when the RESETN pin is “LOW”.
7) VCC: Main power supply.
8) VRTCBK: This is the back-up supply for the on-board real time clock.
9) ALMRDY: When in active mode, this indicates the on-board almanac status. Upon start up and
whenever the almanac data are tested invalid or not up-to-date, the output level is “low”. If tested valid or
up-to-date, the output level is “high”
10) STANDBYIN: This input sets the receiver in stand-by mode when its level is “low”. Otherwise, the
receiver is either in active or power save mode. See below under operating modes for details.
3.3 Operating Modes
Mode Description VCC pin On\Off Pin Standby
pin Current cons. Type.
Active
Mode Receiver is running, doing acquisition, tracking, position fixes Powered High High 17mA
Power
Save
Mode
GPS receiver functions are turned
OFF, MCU in idle mode, MCU clock
is running, RTC is running
Powered Low (or thru
NMEA
command)
High 2.2mA
Stand-
by
Mode
GPS receiver functions are turned
OFF, MCU clock is stopped, RTC is
running on the Back-up supply
No power low low 300μA
Power
Down
Mode
GPS receiver functions are turned
OFF, MCU clock is stopped, RTC is
running on the Back-up supply
No power low low 1μA

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
4. Software Interface
The GPS-22 interface protocol is based on the National Marine Electronics Association's NMEA 0183 ASC
Ⅱinterface specification, which is defined in NMEA 0183, Version 2.1 and the Radio Technical Commission
for Maritime Services (RTCM Recommended Standards For Differential Navstar GPS Service, Version 2.1,
RTCM Special Committee No.104).
4.1 NMEA Transmitted Messages
The GPS-22 outputs data in NMEA-0183 format as defined by the National Marine Electronics Association
(NMEA), Standard.
The default communication parameters for NMEA output are 9600/4800 baud, 8 data bits, stop bit, and no
parity.
Table 4-1 NMEA-0183 Output Messages
NMEA Record Description
GPGGA Global positioning system fixed data
GPGLL Geographic position- latitude/longitude
GPGSA GNSS DOP and active satellites
GPGSV GNSS satellites in view
GPRMC Recommended minimum specific GNSS data
GPVTG Course over ground and ground speed
GPZDA Date & Time
4.1.1 Global Positioning System Fix Data (GGA)
$GPGGA,161229.487,3723.2475,N,12158.3416,W,1,07,1.0,9.0,M, , , ,0000*18
Table 4-2 GGA Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPGGA GGA protocol header
UTC Time 161229.487 Hhmmss.sss
Latitude 3723.2475 Ddmm.mmmm
N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south
Longitude 12158.3416 dddmm.mmmm
E/W Indicator W E=east or W=west
Position Fix Indicator 1 See Table 5-3
Satellites Used 07 Range 0 to 12
HDOP 1.0 Horizontal Dilution of Precision
MSL Altitude 9.0 Meters
Units M Meters
Geoid Separation Meters
Units M Meters
Age of Diff. Corr. second Null fields when DGPS is not used
Diff. Ref. Station ID 0000
Checksum *18
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
Table 4-3 Position Fix Indicator
Value Description
0 0 Fix not available or invalid
1 GPS SPS Mode, fix valid
2 Differential GPS, SPS Mode, fix valid
3 GPS PPS Mode, fix valid

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
4.1.2 Geographic Position with Latitude/Longitude (GLL)
Table 4-4 contains the values for the following example:
$GPGLL,3723.2475,N,12158.3416,W,161229.487,A*2C
Table 4-4 GLL Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPGLL GLL protocol header
Latitude 3723.2475 ddmm.mmmm
N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south
Longitude 12158.3416 dddmm.mmmm
E/W Indicator W E=east or W=west
UTC Position 161229.487 hhmmss.sss
Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid
Checksum *2C
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
4.1.3 GNSS DOP and Active Satellites (GSA)
Table 4-5 contains the values for the following example:
$GPGSA,A,3,07,02,26,27,09,04,15, , , , , ,1.8,1.0,1.5*33
Table 4-5 GSA Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPGSA GSA protocol header
Mode 1 A See Table 5-6
Mode 2 3 See Table 5-7
Satellite Used (1) 07 Sv on Channel 1
Satellite Used (1) 02 Sv on Channel 2
…… ….
Satellite Used Sv on Channel 12
PDOP 1.8 Position Dilution of Precision
HDOP 1.0 Horizontal Dilution of Precision
VDOP 1.5 Vertical Dilution of Precision
Checksum *33
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
(1) Satellite used in solution.
Table 4-6 Mode 1
Value Description
M Manual—forced to operate in 2D or 3D mode
A2D Automatic—allowed to automatically switch 2D/3D
Table 4-7 Mode 2
Value Description
1 Fix Not Available
2 2D
3 3D
4.1.4 GNSS Satellites in View (GSV)
Table 4-8 contains the values for the following example:
$GPGSV,2,1,07,07,79,048,42,02,51,062,43,26,36,256,42,27,27,138,42*71
$GPGSV,2,2,07,09,23,313,42,04,19,159,41,15,12,041,42*41
Table 4-8 GSV Data Format

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPGSV GSV protocol header
Number of Messages 2 Range 1 to 3
Message Number 1 Range 1 to 3
Satellites in View 07 Range 1 to 12
Satellite ID 07 Channel 1 (Range 1 to 32)
Elevation 79 degrees Channel 1 (Maximum 90)
Azimuth 048 degrees Channel 1 (True, Range 0 to 359)
SNR (C/No) 42 dBHz Range 0 to 99, null when not tracking
.... ....
Satellite ID 27 Channel 4 (Range 1 to 32)
Elevation 27 degrees Channel 4 (Maximum 90)
Azimuth 138 degrees Channel 4 (True, Range 0 to 359)
SNR (C/No) 42 dBHz Range 0 to 99, null when not tracking
Checksum *71
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
NOTE: Items <4>,<5>,<6> and <7> repeat for each satellite in view to a maximum of four (4) satellites per
sentence. Additional satellites in view information must be sent in subsequent sentences. These fields will
be null if unused.
4.1.5 Recommended Minimum Specific GNSS Data (RMC)
Table 4-9 contains the values for the following example:
$GPRMC,161229.487,A,3723.2475,N,12158.3416,W,0.13,309.62,120598, ,*10
Table 4-9 RMC Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPRMC RMC protocol header
UTC Time 161229.487 hhmmss.sss
Status A A=data valid or V=data not valid
Latitude 3723.2475 ddmm.mmmm
N/S Indicator N N=north or S=south
Longitude 12158.3416 dddmm.mmmm
E/W Indicator W E=east or W=west
Speed Over Ground 0.13 Knots
Course Over Ground 309.62 Degrees True
Date 120598 ddmmyy
Magnetic Variation Degrees E=east or W=west
Checksum *10
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
4.1.6 Course Over Ground and Ground Speed (VTG)
Table 4-10 contains the values for the following example:
$GPVTG,309.62,T, ,M,0.13,N,0.2,K*6E
Table 4-10 VTG Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPVTG VTG protocol header
Course 309.62 Degrees Measured heading
Reference T True
Course Degrees Measured heading
Reference M Magnetic (1)
Speed 0.13 Knots Measured horizontal speed
Units N Knots
Speed 0.2 Km/hr Measured horizontal speed
Units K Kilometers per hour

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
Checksum *6E
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
(1) All “course over ground” data are geodetic WGS84 directions.
4.1.7 Time & Date (ZDA)
Table 4-11 contains the values for the following example:
$GPVTG,114523.62,12,04,2001,10,34*6E
Table 4-11 ZDA Data Format
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $GPZDA ZDA protocol header
Hour, Min, Sec, Sub
Sec 114523.62 Hhmmss.ss
Day 12 Day in UTC, 01to 12
Month 04 Month in UTC, 01 to 12
Year 2001 Year in UTC
Local Zone Hours 10 Local zone hours, +/- 13 hours
Local Zone Minutes 34 Local zone minutes, 0 to +59
Checksum *6E
<CR> <LF> End of message termination
4.2 RTCM Received Data
The default communication parameters for DGPS Input are 9600 baud, 8 data bits, stop bit, and no
parity. Position accuracy of less than 5 meters can be achieved with the GPS-22 by using Differential GPS
(DGPS) real-time pseudo-range correction data in RTCM SC-104 format, with message types 1, 5, or 9. As
using DGPS receiver with different communication parameters, GPS-22 may decode the data correctly to
generate accurate messages and save them in battery-back SRAM for later computing.
4.3 Syntax Setting
4.3.1 Basic Manufacturing Default:
Datum: WGS84.
Baud Rate: 9600/4800.
Output: GGA, GSA, GSV, RMC or by demand.
* Details please see paragraph 4.4
4.3.2 Output Setting
4.3.2.1 General Description
The NMEA Standard v2.1 dictates that proprietary NMEA sentences have the following structure:
$Paaaxxxxxxxxxxxxx*hh
where aaa – mnemonic code, XEM in our case; xxxxxxxxx…– data; hh – sentence checksum
Two types of input sentences are defined: query and set. Query sentences request certain information from
the receiver. Set sentences allow configuring the receiver with certain configuration parameters or forcing
the receiver to perform a specific action. For each type of input sentences, a corresponding output response
sentence is defined.
For a query sentence, the response sentence contains requested data. For a set sentence, the response
sentence contains the status of the action requested in the set sentence. Taking these aspects into account,
the following is the general structure of the specific NMEA sentence:

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
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Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
$PXEMmaa,x1,x2,x3,x4,….,xN*hh
where m – sentence type: ‘Q’ for ‘query’, ‘S’ for ‘set’, ‘R’ for ‘response’; aa – proprietary sentence identifier
(see below); x1…xN – data parameters (only for set and query response sentences); hh – sentence
checksum
NOTE: Each of the data parameters must be preceded with a comma, except for the aa sentence identifier,
and the checksum which is preceded with a checksum delimiter character ‘*’.
• QUERY sentence: to send a query sentence, no data fields are transmitted. The following format is used:
$PXEMQaa*hh
• RESPONSE sentence to QUERY: for a query sentence, a response sentence with all fields is transmitted.
The following format is used:
$PXEMRaa,x1,x2,x3,x4,….,xN*hh
• SET sentence: to send a set sentence, x1…xN must contain valid values. The following format is used:
$PXEMSaa,x1,x2,x3,x4,….,xN*hh
• RESPONSE sentence to SET: for a set sentence, a status response sentence is transmitted. The following
format is used:
$PXEMRaa,s*hh
where s is the status of the requested action: ‘A’ if the action was successful; ‘V’ otherwise.
The following proprietary NMEA sentence identifiers are implemented:
4.3.2.2 DI – Diagnostic Message (optional)
This sentence outputs a diagnostic string. It is used to report various error conditions. This is a
response-only sentence.
$PXEMRDI,ccccccc*hh where ccccccc is a diagnostic string up to 50 characteristics.
4.3.2.3 NM – Sentence Mask and Automatic Output Rate
This sentence configures the application to automatically output standard NMEA sentences at a specified
time interval.
$PXEMaNM,xxxx,xx*hh
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $PXEMaNM Proprietary NM protocol header, a-mode
(S = set; R = response)
Mask 0008 xxxx Output sentence mask, hex value
(see Notes below)
Rate 01 sec xx Automatic output sentence rate
(00 to 99)
<CR><LF> End of message termination
Notes:
xxxx is a hexadecimal value representing a 2-byte bit-mask where a specific bit sets or clears automatic
output of a particular NMEA sentence according to the table below. The mask is derived by combining all
bits which represents the NMEA sentences which will beautomatically output. For example, to automatically
output GGA, GSA, ZDA, and RMC, the bits 0, 4, 5, and 8 are set to 1 in a 2-byte mask, resulting in a hex
value 0x131 (0x1+0x10+0x20+0x100). This value issent as an ASCII string ‘0131’in the xxxx field of the NM
sentence.
NMEA xxxx
Sentence Bit# Field value
GGA 0 0001

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
GLL 1 0002
VTG 2 0004
GSV 3 0008
GSA 4 0010
ZDA 5 0020
RMC 8 0100
TF 9 0200
Example:
$PXEMSNM,0008,01*6E (set)
$PXEMSNM,a*6E (response to set: a – action status: A = success; V=failure)
4.3.2.4 PS – Pulse-Per-Second Configuration
This sentence sets the pulse-per-second (PPS) output on or off. This is a set-only sentence.
$PXEMaPS,x*hh
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $PXEMaPS Proprietary PS protocol header, a-mode
(S = set; R = response)
On/Off 1 PPS output switch (1 = ON; 0 = OFF)
<CR><LF> End of message termination
Example:
$PXEMSPS,1*6E (set)
$PXEMSPS,a*6E (response to set: a – action status: A = success; V=failure)
4.3.2.5 PT – Port Configuration
This sentence configures the application serial port communication parameters.
$PXEMaPT,xxxxxx,x,a,x*hh
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $PXEMaPT Proprietary PT protocol header, a-mode
(S = set; R = response)
Baud rate 009600 xxxxxx Baud rate (115200, 057600, 038400,
019200, 009600, 004800, 002400)
Data Length 8 X # of data bits (7 or 8)
Parity N Parity (N = None; O = Odd; E = Even)
Stop bit 1 # of stop bits (1 or 2)
<CR><LF> End of message termination
Example:
$PXEMSPT,009600,8,N,1*6E (set)
$PXEMSPT,a*6E (response to set: a – action status: A = success; V=failure)
4.3.2.6 RT – Reset the Receiver / Start-Stop FirstGPSTM
This sentence forces the receiver to perform a software reset. It also allows starting up and shutting down
the FirstGPSTM
library without performing a full software reset. This is a set-only sentence.
$PXEMaRT,a*hh
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $PXEMaRT Proprietary RT protocol header, a-mode
(S = set; R = response)
Command S C = cold sofrware reset
W = warm software reset
H = hot sofrware reset

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
S = start the FirstGPSTM
library
X = shut down the FirstGPSTM
library
<CR><LF> End of message termination
Example:
$PXEMSRT,W*6E (set)
$PXEMSRT,a*6E (response to set: a – action status: A = success; V=failure)
4.3.2.7 VR – Version Information (optional)
This sentence obtains software versions for the measurement platform (MPM) firmware, FirstGPSTM
API,
FirstGPSTM
Library, native RTOS, and native processor (CPU). This is a query-only sentence.
Note: A complete VR sentence returns only the version of a particular product component one at a time
(either MPM firmware, API, library, RTOS or CPU). The sentence must include the component type for
which to obtain the version for any given query.
$PXEMaVR,a,cccccc,xx,xx,xx,xx,xx,xxxx*hh
Name Example Units Description
Message ID $PXEMaVR Proprietary VR protocol header, a-mode
(Q = set; R = response)
Component type A M = measurement platform (MPM) firmware
A = FirstGPSTM
API
N = FirstGPSTM
Library
R = native RTOS
U = native processor (CPU)
Name abcdef Variable length field; may be up to 17
characters long
Maj version 04 Major version number (00 to 99)
Min version 02 Minor version number (00 to 99)
Beta version 03 Beta version number (00 to 99)
Month 10 Month of the release (01 to 12)
Day 27 Day of the release (01 to 31)
Year 2002 Year of the release
<CR><LF> End of message termination
Example:
$PXEMSVR,R*6E (set)
$PXEMSVR,R,nucleus,04,03,10,27,2000*6E (response to query)
4.3.2.8 TR – Transparent Mode
With this type of sentence an API function call as defined in the Standard and Advanced API Function Calls
documents are passed thru the NMEA interface. This can be a query, set, and response type of sentence.
$PXEMaTR,c..c,x..xx, .., x..x*hh
Example:
$PXEMSTR,navGerBbAddr,%,s79&*6E (set)
$PXEMRVR,6E (response to )
4.4 DEFAULT Setting Details
4.4.1 Pulse Per Second Signal
PPS output: OFF
4.4.2 Receiver configuration
Receiver Mode Automatic (2D/3D) Automatic switch between 2D and 3D position
fix depending on number of SV in view

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
Dynamics Code Automobile
DGPS Mode DGPS Off
Max Oscillator Offset 6.5e-6 Limit the search range during cold start. Must
be larger than TCXO
tolerance+stability+aging, for ex. 1+2.5+3=6.5
Elevation Mask (in degrees) 5 SVs for which elevation is lower are ignored to
compute the solution
Signal Level Mask (AMU) 2 SVs for which signal strength is lower are
ignored to compute the solution
DOP Mask 12 Max Dilution Of Precision to accept the
solution
PDOP Switch 6 Max Position DOP
4.4.3 FILTER configuration
Kalman Filter
4.4.4 OFFSET configuration
Offset 0 ppm
Window -1 ppm
4.4.5 NMEA configuration
Output interval 1 second
NMEA sentences GGA /GSA/GSV/RMC
4.4.6 APPlication settings
Protocol Output Port 9600 bauds, 8 bits data, 1 start, 1 stop, no
parity
Number of channels 8
Week epoch 1024
(The offset number of 1024 week periods
since 6 January 1980. Setting to 1024
includes all dates between August 22, 1999
and March 2019.)
4.5 Application Information
4.5.1 Antenna recommendation
Power supply voltage 2.7 - 3.6 V
Frequency range 1,575.42+/-1.023MHz
LNA Gain 27 dB at 3.0 V
LNA NF 1.1 dB at 3.0 V
Antenna and LNA total Gain 25 dBi Max at 3.0 V

GPS-22 Operating Manual Rikaline
Specifications subject to change without prior notice
Rikaline International Corp. 14F, 171, ChengGong Rd., Sanchong City, Taipei 241, Taiwan, R. O.C
Tel: ++886 2 8973-1899 Fax: ++886 2 8973-1896 E-Mail: [email protected] web: www.rikaline.com.tw
5. Earth Datums
5.1 Earth Datums
The GPS-22 is built in earth datum with WGS84.
6. Ordering Information
6.1 Products Options
6.1.1 GPS Receiver Module
GPS-22 Standard with 50mm flat 16-pin Cable
6.2 Accessories
A-10302 MCX, Active Antenna, 2M
A-10305 MCX, Active Antenna, 5M
56501 Connecting Cable, Screw type MCX + HFL connector + 15mm cable.
7. Warranty
The GPS-22 series products are warranted to be free from defects in material and functions for one year
from the date of purchase. Any failure of this product within this period under normal conditions will be
replaced art no charge to the customers.