Ruud SA14AZ18AJ1NA User manual

92-21354-106-02
14.3 SEER2 SERIES
CONDENSING UNITS
1.5-2.5 TONS FEATURING INDUSTRY
STANDARD R-410A REFRIGERANT R-410
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
NOTE: Appearance of unit may vary.
RECOGNIZE THIS SYMBOL AS AN INDICATION OF IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION!
!
'2127'(6752<7+,60$18$/
3/($6(5($'&$5()8//<$1'.((3,1$6$)(3/$&()25)8785(5()(5(1&(%<$6(59,&(0$1
:$51,1*
!
7+(6(,16758&7,216$5(,17(1'('$6$1$,'72
48$/,),('/,&(16('6(59,&(3(56211(/)25
3523(5,167$//$7,21$'-8670(17$1'23(5$
7,212)7+,681,75($'7+(6(,16758&7,216
7+2528*+/<%()25($77(037,1*,167$//$7,21
2523(5$7,21)$,/85(72)2//2:7+(6(
,16758&7,2160$<5(68/7,1,03523(5,167$//$
7,21$'-8670(176(59,&(250$,17(1$1&(
3266,%/<5(68/7,1*,1),5((/(&75,&$/6+2&.
3523(57<'$0$*(3(5621$/,1-85<25'($7+
ACCREDITED
,62

2
CONTENTS
Contents
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ............................................................3
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................4
2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................4
2.2 Importance of Quality Installation .................................................................4
2.3 System Sizing and Selection.........................................................................4
2.4 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups........................................5
2.5 Checking Product Received ..........................................................................5
2.6 Efficiency Testing Notice ...............................................................................5
2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice .......................................................................5
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................6
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature........................................................................6
3.2 Available Models............................................................................................6
3.3 Electrical and Physical Data..........................................................................6
4.0 INSTALLATION..................................................................................................8
4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing and Servicing R-410A Models.................8
4.1.2 Specications of R-410A .......................................................................8
4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for R-410A ......................................................8
4.1 Tools and Refrigerant.....................................................................................8
4.2.1 Allowable Clearances............................................................................9
4.2.2 Operational Issues Related to Unit Location........................................9
4.2 Choosing a Location......................................................................................9
4.2.3 Corrosive Environment........................................................................10
4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues .............................................................10
4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods .......................................................................10
4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-Down Methods.......................................10
4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.).........................................................................10
4.3 Mounting Unit...............................................................................................10
4.3.3 Elevating Unit ......................................................................................11
4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems................................................................12
4.4.2 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses ....................................................12
4.4.3 Liquid Line Selection...........................................................................12
4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection.....................................................................12
4.4.4 Suction Line Selection.........................................................................14
4.4.5 Long Line Set Considerations.............................................................14
4.4.5.1 Determining if Long Line Set Length Requirements Apply ..........14
4.4.5.2 Oil Return to Compressor.............................................................14
4.4.5.3 Refrigerant Migration During Off Cycle........................................14
4.4.5.4 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop ...................................................15
4.4.5.5 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing...................................................15
4.4.5.6 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications ...................15
4.4.5.7 Capacity Losses............................................................................15
4.5 Line Set Installation .....................................................................................15
4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices...............................................15
4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units ..................................16
4.5.2.1 Indoor and Outdoor Unit Near Same Level......................................16
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................16
4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit.......................................................17
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................17
4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Unit ...................................................18
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................18
4.5.3 Tubing Connections ............................................................................19
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................19
4.6 Initial Leak Testing ......................................................................................20
4.7 Evacuation ...................................................................................................20
4.8 Final Leak Testing........................................................................................20
4.9 Control Wiring ..............................................................................................21
4.10 Typical Control Wiring Connections...........................................................21
4.11 Power Wiring ..............................................................................................22
4.12 Grounding...................................................................................................22
4.10 Typical Control Wiring Connections (cont.) ...............................................22
5.0 SYSTEM START-UP & REFRIGERANT CHARGING....................................23
5.1 System Start-Up Overview ..........................................................................23
5.2 Initial System Power-Up ..............................................................................23
5.4 Refrigerant Charging ...................................................................................24
5.4.1 Measurement Device Set-Up..............................................................24
5.4.2 Preliminary Charging by Weight .........................................................24
5.4.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures ....................................................25
5.4.4 Final Charging by Liquid Subcooling ..................................................25
5.4.5 R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart .................................................26
5.5 Completing Installation................................................................................26
6.0 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION.........................................................................26
7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS .......................................................................27
7.1 Compressor ..................................................................................................27
7.2 Fan Motor .....................................................................................................27
7.3 Outdoor Fan .................................................................................................27
7.4 Compressor Contractor................................................................................27
7.5 Compressor/Fan Motor Capacitor ...............................................................27
7.6 Compressor Crankcase Heat (CCH) ...........................................................27
7.7 High- and Low-Pressure Controls (HPC and LPC) .....................................27
7.8 Compressor Hard Start Components..........................................................27
8.0 ACCESSORIES................................................................................................28
8.1 Compressor Time Delay ..............................................................................28
8.2 High Pressure Control .................................................................................28
8.3 Low Pressure Control ..................................................................................28
8.4 Low Ambient Control ...................................................................................28
8.5 Compressor Hard Start Kit ..........................................................................28
8.6 Compressor Crankcase Heater...................................................................28
8.7 Compressor Sound Enclosure.....................................................................28
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................29
9.1 Cooling Mechanical Checks Flowchart .......................................................29
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................30
9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide ..................................................................30
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................31
9.3 Service Analyzer Charts..............................................................................31
9.4 Troubleshooting Tips ...................................................................................35
10.0 OUTDOOR UNIT MAINTENANCE................................................................36
10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning................................................................................36
10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care .......................................................................36
10.3 Motor Lubrication .......................................................................................36
10.4 Replacement Parts ....................................................................................36
11.0 WIRING DIAGRAMS......................................................................................37
12.0 INSTALLATION NOTES ................................................................................38
List of Tables
Table 1: Available Models......................................................................................6
Table 2: Electrical Data and Physical Data..........................................................6
Table 3: Dimensions...............................................................................................7
Table 4: Equivalent Length for Fittings: ft [m] .................................................12
Table 5A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units).................................13
Table 5B: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (Metric Units) ...................................13
Table 6: Example Table .......................................................................................14
Table 7: Factory Installed Crank Case Heaters.................................................14
Table 8: Voltage Ranges ......................................................................................22
Table 9: Altitude Temperature Rise Ranges .....................................................24
Table 10: R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart.................................................26
Table 11: Maximum System Charge Values ......................................................27
Table 12: Troubleshooting Guide .......................................................................30
Table 13: Service Analyzer Chart .......................................................................31
Table 14: Cooling Mode Trouble Shooting Tips................................................35

3
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNINGS:
• These instructions are intended as an aid to
qualified, licensed service personnel for proper
installation, adjustment, and operation of this unit.
Read these instructions thoroughly before attempting
installation or operation. Failure to follow these
instructions may result in improper installation,
adjustment, service, or maintenance possibly
resulting in fire, electrical shock, property
damage, personal injury, or death.
• The unit must be permanently grounded. Failure
to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• Turn off electric power at the fuse box or service
panel before making any electrical connections.
• Complete the ground connection before making
line voltage connections. Failure to do so can
result in electrical shock, severe personal injury,
or death.
• Disconnect all power to unit before starting
maintenance. Failure to do so can cause
electrical shock resulting in severe personal
injury or death.
• Never assume the unit is properly wired and/or
grounded. Always test the unit cabinet with a
noncontact voltage detector available at most
electrical supply houses or home centers before
removing access panels or coming into contact
with the unit cabinet.
• Do not use oxygen to purge lines or pressurize
system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with
oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• The top of the scroll compressor shell is hot.
Touching the compressor top may result in serious
personal injury.
• The manufacturer’s warranty does not cover
any damage or defect to the unit caused by the
attachment or use of any components, accessories,
or devices (other than those authorized by the
manufacturer) into, onto, or in conjunction with the
condensing unit. You should be aware that the
use of unauthorized components, accessories,
or devices may adversely affect the operation
of the condensing unit and may also endanger
life and property. The manufacturer disclaims
any responsibility for such loss or injury resulting
from the use of such unauthorized components,
accessories, or devices.
CAUTIONS:
• R-410A systems operate at approximately 60% higher
pressures (1.6 times) than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A
equipment. Use appropriate care when using this
refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in
equipment damage or personal injury.
• Only match this outdoor unit with a matched indoor
coil or air handler approved for use with this outdoor
unit per the unit manufacturer’s specification sheet.
The use of unmatched coils or air handler will likely
result in a charge imbalance between the cooling
and heating modes which can cause unsatisfactory
operation including a high-pressure switch lockout
condition.
• Only use indoor coils approved for use on R-410A
systems. An R-22 coil will have a TXV or fixed
restrictor device that is not designed to operate
properly in an R-410A system and will result in
serious operational issues. The R-22 coil could also
contain mineral oil which is incompatible with the
POE oil used in R-410A systems and could result in
reliability issues with the compressor and TXVs.
• When coil is installed over a finished ceiling and/or
living area, it is required that a secondary sheet metal
condensate pan be constructed and installed under
the entire unit. Failure to do so can result in property
damage.
• The compressor has an internal overload protector.
Under some conditions, it can take up to 2 hours for
this overload to reset. Make sure overload has had
time to reset before condemning the compressor.
WARNING:
Single-pole contactors are used on all standard
single-phase units through 2.5 tons. Caution must
be exercised when servicing as only one leg of the
power supply is broken by the contactor.
Safety

4
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING:
Improper installation, or installation not
made in accordance with these instructions,
can result in unsatisfactory operation and/
or dangerous conditions and can cause the
related warranty not to apply.
2.1 Introduction
The information contained in this manual has
been prepared to assist in the proper installation,
operation, and maintenance of the air conditioning
system.
Read this manual and any instructions packaged
with separate equipment required to make up the
system prior to installation. Homeowner should
retain this manual for future reference.
2.2 Importance of Quality
Installation
A quality installation is critical to assure safety,
reliability, comfort, and customer satisfaction. Strict
adherence to applicable codes, the information in
this installation manual, the outdoor unit installation
manual, and the thermostat installation manual
are key to a quality installation. Read the entire
instruction manuals before starting the installation.
IMPORTANT: This product has been designed
and manufactured to meet certified AHRI capacity
and efficiency ratings with the appropriate outdoor
units. However, proper refrigerant charge, proper
airflow, and refrigerant line sizing are critical to
achieve optimum capacity and efficiency and
to assure reliable operation. Installation of
this product should follow the manufacturer’s
refrigerant charging and airflow instructions located
in this installation manual and the charging chart
label affixed to the outdoor unit. Failure to confirm
proper charge and airflow may reduce energy
efficiency and shorten equipment life.
The equipment has been evaluated in accordance
with the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XX,
Part 3280.
Install the unit in accordance with applicable
national, state, and local codes. Latest editions
are available from: “National Fire Protection
Association, Inc., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA
02269.” These publications are:
• ANSI/NFPA No. 70-(Latest Edition) National
Electrical Code.
• NFPA90A Installation of Air Conditioning and
Ventilating Systems.
• NFPA90B Installation of warm air heating and air
conditioning systems.
Install the indoor unit in such a way as to allow
necessary access to the coil/filter rack and blower/
control compartment.
2.3 System Sizing and
Selection
Before specifying any air-conditioning equipment,
a survey of the structure and heat gain calculation
must be made. A heat gain calculation involves
identifying all surfaces and openings that gain
heat from the surrounding air and quantifying
that heat to determine the amount of heat that
needs to be removed. A heat gain calculation also
calculates the extra heat load caused by sunlight
and for humidity removal. These factors must be
considered before selecting an air-conditioning
system to provide year-round comfort. The Air
Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)
Manual J method of load calculation is one
recognized procedure for determining the cooling
load.
After the proper equipment combination has
been selected, satisfying both sensible and
latent requirements, the system must be properly
installed. Only then can the system provide the
comfort it was designed to provide.
There are several factors that installers must
consider.
• Outdoor unit location
• Indoor unit blower speed and airflow
• Proper equipment evacuation
• Supply and return air duct design and sizing
• Refrigerant charge
• System air balancing
• Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing
IMPORTANT: Excessive use of elbows
in the refrigerant line set can produce excessive
pressure drop. Follow industry best practices
for installation. Installation and commissioning
of this equipment is to be performed by trained
and qualified HVAC professionals. For technical
assistance, contact your Distributor Service
Coordinator.
General Information

5
2.4 Importance of Proper
Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups
To assure many years of reliable operation and
optimum customer comfort and to assure the
outdoor unit warranty remains valid, an air-handler
model or indoor coil/furnace combination should
be selected that is properly matched to the outdoor
unit. The recommended approach is to select an
air-handler or indoor coil and gas furnace that has
an AHRI match with the outdoor unit. Refer to the
AHRI directory at www.ahridirectory.org to confirm
the air-handler and outdoor unit are a certified
combination in the AHRI Directory.
2.5 Checking Product
Received
Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping
damage. Claims for damage, either apparent or
concealed, should be filed immediately with the
shipping company. Check model number, electrical
characteristics, and accessories to determine if they
are correct. Check system components (indoor coil,
outdoor unit, air handler/furnace, etc.) to make sure
they are properly matched.
2.6 E󰀩ciency Testing Notice
For purposes of verifying or testing efficiency
ratings, the test procedure in Title 10 APPENDIX M
to Subpart B of Part 430 (Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air
Conditioners and Heat Pumps) and the clarifying
provisions provided in the AHRI Operations
Manual 210/240 that were applicable at the date
of manufacture should be used for test set up and
performance
.
2.7 Compressor Break-In
Notice
Prior to agency testing, the unit must be run for 20
hours at 115ºF [46.1ºC] outdoor ambient temperature
with 80ºF [26.7ºC] dry bulb/75ºF [23.9ºC] wet bulb
indoor ambient temperature to break the compressor
in.
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
General Information