Ruud SA14AZ18AJ1NA User manual

92-21354-106-02
14.3 SEER2 SERIES
CONDENSING UNITS
1.5-2.5 TONS FEATURING INDUSTRY
STANDARD R-410A REFRIGERANT R-410
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS
NOTE: Appearance of unit may vary.
RECOGNIZE THIS SYMBOL AS AN INDICATION OF IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION!
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2
CONTENTS
Contents
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION ............................................................3
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION ...............................................................................4
2.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................4
2.2 Importance of Quality Installation .................................................................4
2.3 System Sizing and Selection.........................................................................4
2.4 Importance of Proper Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups........................................5
2.5 Checking Product Received ..........................................................................5
2.6 Efficiency Testing Notice ...............................................................................5
2.7 Compressor Break-In Notice .......................................................................5
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................................6
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature........................................................................6
3.2 Available Models............................................................................................6
3.3 Electrical and Physical Data..........................................................................6
4.0 INSTALLATION..................................................................................................8
4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing and Servicing R-410A Models.................8
4.1.2 Specications of R-410A .......................................................................8
4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for R-410A ......................................................8
4.1 Tools and Refrigerant.....................................................................................8
4.2.1 Allowable Clearances............................................................................9
4.2.2 Operational Issues Related to Unit Location........................................9
4.2 Choosing a Location......................................................................................9
4.2.3 Corrosive Environment........................................................................10
4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues .............................................................10
4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods .......................................................................10
4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-Down Methods.......................................10
4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.).........................................................................10
4.3 Mounting Unit...............................................................................................10
4.3.3 Elevating Unit ......................................................................................11
4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems................................................................12
4.4.2 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses ....................................................12
4.4.3 Liquid Line Selection...........................................................................12
4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection.....................................................................12
4.4.4 Suction Line Selection.........................................................................14
4.4.5 Long Line Set Considerations.............................................................14
4.4.5.1 Determining if Long Line Set Length Requirements Apply ..........14
4.4.5.2 Oil Return to Compressor.............................................................14
4.4.5.3 Refrigerant Migration During Off Cycle........................................14
4.4.5.4 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop ...................................................15
4.4.5.5 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing...................................................15
4.4.5.6 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line Set Applications ...................15
4.4.5.7 Capacity Losses............................................................................15
4.5 Line Set Installation .....................................................................................15
4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation Practices...............................................15
4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units ..................................16
4.5.2.1 Indoor and Outdoor Unit Near Same Level......................................16
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................16
4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit.......................................................17
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................17
4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Unit ...................................................18
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................18
4.5.3 Tubing Connections ............................................................................19
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.) ..........................................................................19
4.6 Initial Leak Testing ......................................................................................20
4.7 Evacuation ...................................................................................................20
4.8 Final Leak Testing........................................................................................20
4.9 Control Wiring ..............................................................................................21
4.10 Typical Control Wiring Connections...........................................................21
4.11 Power Wiring ..............................................................................................22
4.12 Grounding...................................................................................................22
4.10 Typical Control Wiring Connections (cont.) ...............................................22
5.0 SYSTEM START-UP & REFRIGERANT CHARGING....................................23
5.1 System Start-Up Overview ..........................................................................23
5.2 Initial System Power-Up ..............................................................................23
5.4 Refrigerant Charging ...................................................................................24
5.4.1 Measurement Device Set-Up..............................................................24
5.4.2 Preliminary Charging by Weight .........................................................24
5.4.3 Preliminary Charging by Pressures ....................................................25
5.4.4 Final Charging by Liquid Subcooling ..................................................25
5.4.5 R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart .................................................26
5.5 Completing Installation................................................................................26
6.0 SEQUENCE OF OPERATION.........................................................................26
7.0 COMPONENTS & CONTROLS .......................................................................27
7.1 Compressor ..................................................................................................27
7.2 Fan Motor .....................................................................................................27
7.3 Outdoor Fan .................................................................................................27
7.4 Compressor Contractor................................................................................27
7.5 Compressor/Fan Motor Capacitor ...............................................................27
7.6 Compressor Crankcase Heat (CCH) ...........................................................27
7.7 High- and Low-Pressure Controls (HPC and LPC) .....................................27
7.8 Compressor Hard Start Components..........................................................27
8.0 ACCESSORIES................................................................................................28
8.1 Compressor Time Delay ..............................................................................28
8.2 High Pressure Control .................................................................................28
8.3 Low Pressure Control ..................................................................................28
8.4 Low Ambient Control ...................................................................................28
8.5 Compressor Hard Start Kit ..........................................................................28
8.6 Compressor Crankcase Heater...................................................................28
8.7 Compressor Sound Enclosure.....................................................................28
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................29
9.1 Cooling Mechanical Checks Flowchart .......................................................29
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................30
9.2 General Troubleshooting Guide ..................................................................30
9.0 DIAGNOSTICS & TROUBLESHOOTING.......................................................31
9.3 Service Analyzer Charts..............................................................................31
9.4 Troubleshooting Tips ...................................................................................35
10.0 OUTDOOR UNIT MAINTENANCE................................................................36
10.1 Outdoor Coil Cleaning................................................................................36
10.2 Cabinet Cleaning and Care .......................................................................36
10.3 Motor Lubrication .......................................................................................36
10.4 Replacement Parts ....................................................................................36
11.0 WIRING DIAGRAMS......................................................................................37
12.0 INSTALLATION NOTES ................................................................................38
List of Tables
Table 1: Available Models......................................................................................6
Table 2: Electrical Data and Physical Data..........................................................6
Table 3: Dimensions...............................................................................................7
Table 4: Equivalent Length for Fittings: ft [m] .................................................12
Table 5A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units).................................13
Table 5B: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (Metric Units) ...................................13
Table 6: Example Table .......................................................................................14
Table 7: Factory Installed Crank Case Heaters.................................................14
Table 8: Voltage Ranges ......................................................................................22
Table 9: Altitude Temperature Rise Ranges .....................................................24
Table 10: R-410A Temperature Pressure Chart.................................................26
Table 11: Maximum System Charge Values ......................................................27
Table 12: Troubleshooting Guide .......................................................................30
Table 13: Service Analyzer Chart .......................................................................31
Table 14: Cooling Mode Trouble Shooting Tips................................................35

3
1.0 IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
WARNINGS:
• These instructions are intended as an aid to
qualified, licensed service personnel for proper
installation, adjustment, and operation of this unit.
Read these instructions thoroughly before attempting
installation or operation. Failure to follow these
instructions may result in improper installation,
adjustment, service, or maintenance possibly
resulting in fire, electrical shock, property
damage, personal injury, or death.
• The unit must be permanently grounded. Failure
to do so can cause electrical shock resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• Turn off electric power at the fuse box or service
panel before making any electrical connections.
• Complete the ground connection before making
line voltage connections. Failure to do so can
result in electrical shock, severe personal injury,
or death.
• Disconnect all power to unit before starting
maintenance. Failure to do so can cause
electrical shock resulting in severe personal
injury or death.
• Never assume the unit is properly wired and/or
grounded. Always test the unit cabinet with a
noncontact voltage detector available at most
electrical supply houses or home centers before
removing access panels or coming into contact
with the unit cabinet.
• Do not use oxygen to purge lines or pressurize
system for leak test. Oxygen reacts violently with
oil, which can cause an explosion resulting in
severe personal injury or death.
• The top of the scroll compressor shell is hot.
Touching the compressor top may result in serious
personal injury.
• The manufacturer’s warranty does not cover
any damage or defect to the unit caused by the
attachment or use of any components, accessories,
or devices (other than those authorized by the
manufacturer) into, onto, or in conjunction with the
condensing unit. You should be aware that the
use of unauthorized components, accessories,
or devices may adversely affect the operation
of the condensing unit and may also endanger
life and property. The manufacturer disclaims
any responsibility for such loss or injury resulting
from the use of such unauthorized components,
accessories, or devices.
CAUTIONS:
• R-410A systems operate at approximately 60% higher
pressures (1.6 times) than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A
equipment. Use appropriate care when using this
refrigerant. Failure to exercise care may result in
equipment damage or personal injury.
• Only match this outdoor unit with a matched indoor
coil or air handler approved for use with this outdoor
unit per the unit manufacturer’s specification sheet.
The use of unmatched coils or air handler will likely
result in a charge imbalance between the cooling
and heating modes which can cause unsatisfactory
operation including a high-pressure switch lockout
condition.
• Only use indoor coils approved for use on R-410A
systems. An R-22 coil will have a TXV or fixed
restrictor device that is not designed to operate
properly in an R-410A system and will result in
serious operational issues. The R-22 coil could also
contain mineral oil which is incompatible with the
POE oil used in R-410A systems and could result in
reliability issues with the compressor and TXVs.
• When coil is installed over a finished ceiling and/or
living area, it is required that a secondary sheet metal
condensate pan be constructed and installed under
the entire unit. Failure to do so can result in property
damage.
• The compressor has an internal overload protector.
Under some conditions, it can take up to 2 hours for
this overload to reset. Make sure overload has had
time to reset before condemning the compressor.
WARNING:
Single-pole contactors are used on all standard
single-phase units through 2.5 tons. Caution must
be exercised when servicing as only one leg of the
power supply is broken by the contactor.
Safety

4
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
WARNING:
Improper installation, or installation not
made in accordance with these instructions,
can result in unsatisfactory operation and/
or dangerous conditions and can cause the
related warranty not to apply.
2.1 Introduction
The information contained in this manual has
been prepared to assist in the proper installation,
operation, and maintenance of the air conditioning
system.
Read this manual and any instructions packaged
with separate equipment required to make up the
system prior to installation. Homeowner should
retain this manual for future reference.
2.2 Importance of Quality
Installation
A quality installation is critical to assure safety,
reliability, comfort, and customer satisfaction. Strict
adherence to applicable codes, the information in
this installation manual, the outdoor unit installation
manual, and the thermostat installation manual
are key to a quality installation. Read the entire
instruction manuals before starting the installation.
IMPORTANT: This product has been designed
and manufactured to meet certified AHRI capacity
and efficiency ratings with the appropriate outdoor
units. However, proper refrigerant charge, proper
airflow, and refrigerant line sizing are critical to
achieve optimum capacity and efficiency and
to assure reliable operation. Installation of
this product should follow the manufacturer’s
refrigerant charging and airflow instructions located
in this installation manual and the charging chart
label affixed to the outdoor unit. Failure to confirm
proper charge and airflow may reduce energy
efficiency and shorten equipment life.
The equipment has been evaluated in accordance
with the Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter XX,
Part 3280.
Install the unit in accordance with applicable
national, state, and local codes. Latest editions
are available from: “National Fire Protection
Association, Inc., Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA
02269.” These publications are:
• ANSI/NFPA No. 70-(Latest Edition) National
Electrical Code.
• NFPA90A Installation of Air Conditioning and
Ventilating Systems.
• NFPA90B Installation of warm air heating and air
conditioning systems.
Install the indoor unit in such a way as to allow
necessary access to the coil/filter rack and blower/
control compartment.
2.3 System Sizing and
Selection
Before specifying any air-conditioning equipment,
a survey of the structure and heat gain calculation
must be made. A heat gain calculation involves
identifying all surfaces and openings that gain
heat from the surrounding air and quantifying
that heat to determine the amount of heat that
needs to be removed. A heat gain calculation also
calculates the extra heat load caused by sunlight
and for humidity removal. These factors must be
considered before selecting an air-conditioning
system to provide year-round comfort. The Air
Conditioning Contractors of America (ACCA)
Manual J method of load calculation is one
recognized procedure for determining the cooling
load.
After the proper equipment combination has
been selected, satisfying both sensible and
latent requirements, the system must be properly
installed. Only then can the system provide the
comfort it was designed to provide.
There are several factors that installers must
consider.
• Outdoor unit location
• Indoor unit blower speed and airflow
• Proper equipment evacuation
• Supply and return air duct design and sizing
• Refrigerant charge
• System air balancing
• Diffuser and return air grille location and sizing
IMPORTANT: Excessive use of elbows
in the refrigerant line set can produce excessive
pressure drop. Follow industry best practices
for installation. Installation and commissioning
of this equipment is to be performed by trained
and qualified HVAC professionals. For technical
assistance, contact your Distributor Service
Coordinator.
General Information

5
2.4 Importance of Proper
Indoor/Outdoor Match-Ups
To assure many years of reliable operation and
optimum customer comfort and to assure the
outdoor unit warranty remains valid, an air-handler
model or indoor coil/furnace combination should
be selected that is properly matched to the outdoor
unit. The recommended approach is to select an
air-handler or indoor coil and gas furnace that has
an AHRI match with the outdoor unit. Refer to the
AHRI directory at www.ahridirectory.org to confirm
the air-handler and outdoor unit are a certified
combination in the AHRI Directory.
2.5 Checking Product
Received
Upon receiving unit, inspect it for any shipping
damage. Claims for damage, either apparent or
concealed, should be filed immediately with the
shipping company. Check model number, electrical
characteristics, and accessories to determine if they
are correct. Check system components (indoor coil,
outdoor unit, air handler/furnace, etc.) to make sure
they are properly matched.
2.6 E󰀩ciency Testing Notice
For purposes of verifying or testing efficiency
ratings, the test procedure in Title 10 APPENDIX M
to Subpart B of Part 430 (Uniform Test Method for
Measuring the Energy Consumption of Central Air
Conditioners and Heat Pumps) and the clarifying
provisions provided in the AHRI Operations
Manual 210/240 that were applicable at the date
of manufacture should be used for test set up and
performance
.
2.7 Compressor Break-In
Notice
Prior to agency testing, the unit must be run for 20
hours at 115ºF [46.1ºC] outdoor ambient temperature
with 80ºF [26.7ºC] dry bulb/75ºF [23.9ºC] wet bulb
indoor ambient temperature to break the compressor
in.
2.0 GENERAL INFORMATION
General Information

6
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Model Number Nomenclature
3.2 Available Models
3.3 Electrical and Physical Data
Specifications
W S A 14 A Z 18 A J 1 N A FGA
OPTION
FGA = FUJITSU TRANSACTIONAL
MINOR SERIES
A = 1ST DESIGN
B = 2ND DESIGN
CONTROLS
N = NON-COMMUNICATING
TYPE
1 = SINGLE-STAGE
VOLTAGE
J = 208/230/1/60
MAJOR SERIES
A = 1ST DESIGN
B = 2ND DESIGN
C = 3RD DESIGN
CAPACITY
18 = 1.5T
24 = 2T
30 = 2.5T
REFRIGERANT
Z = R-410A
Y = R-454B
REGION
A = ALL REGIONS
SEER2
14 = 14.3 SEER2
PRODUCT CATEGORY
A = CONDENSING UNIT
CABINET SIZE
S = SMALL
BRAND
W = WEATHERKING
MP = MAINLINE PERFORMANCE
TZ = THERMALZONE
Table 1: Available Models
CONDENSING UNITS
(-)SA14AZ18AJ1NA
(-)SA14AZ24AJ1NA
(-)SA14AZ30AJ1NA
Table 2: Electrical Data and Physical Data
(-)SA14AZ18AJ 208/230 160 9/9 42.6 0.8 13 15/15 20/20 14.5 [1.35] 22036 [961] 118 [3345] 151 [68.5] 159 [72.1]
(-)SA14AZ24AJ 208/230 1 60 11.5/11.5 59.5 0.8 16 20/20 25/25 14.5 [1.35] 2 2036 [961] 123 [3487] 151 [68.5] 159 [72.1]
(-)SA14AZ30AJ 208/230 1
60
12.8/12.8
65
0.8
17
25/25 25/25 18.1 [1.68]
2
2546 [1202] 146 [4139] 170 [77.1] 177 [80.3]
Model
Number
ELECTRICAL DATA
Voltage Phase Freq
Compressor
Rated Load
Amperes
(RLA)
Locked Rotor
Amperes
(LRA)
Fan Motor
Full Load
Amperes
(FLA)
Minimum
Circuit
Ampacity
Amperes
PHYSICAL DATA
Fuse or HACR
Circuit Breaker
Minimum
Amperes
Maximum
Amperes
Outdoor Coil
Face Area
Sq. Ft. [m
2
]No. Rows CFM [L/s]
Refrig. Per
Circuit
Oz. [g]
Weight
Net
Lbs. [kg]
Shipping
Lbs. [kg]

7
Specifications
3.0 UNIT SPECIFICATIONS
3.3 Electrical and Physical Data (cont.)
L
H
SEE DETAIL A
w
A-00008
SERVICE ACCESS
ALLOW 24” [61.0 cm]
CLEARANCE
FIGURE 1
DIMENSIONS
AIR DISCHARGE: ALLOW
60” [152.4 CM] MINIMUM
CLEARANCE.
AIR INLETS
(LOUVERED PANELS) ALLOW 6”
[15.2 CM] MINIMUM CLEARANCE
LIQUID
SERVICE
FITTING
TRUE
SUCTION
SERVICE
PORT
VAPOR
SERVICE
FITTING
NOTE: GRILLE APPEARANCE
MAY VARY.
*NOTE: “H” dimension includes basepan.
Table 3: Dimensions
14.3 SEER2 (-)SA14AZ18A
(-)SA14AZ24A (-)SA14AZ30A
Height "H" inches [cm] 32¼ [81.9] 32¼ [81.9]
Length "L' inches [cm] 23⅝ [60.0] 27⅝ [70.2]
Width "W" inches [cm] 23⅝ [60.0] 27⅝ [70.2]

8
Tools
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.1 Tools and Refrigerant
4.1.1 Tools Required for Installing
and Servicing R-410A Models
Manifold Sets:
– Up to 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa] High-Side
– Up to 250 PSIG [1,724 kPa] Low-Side
– 550 PSIG [3,792 kPa] Low-Side Retard
Manifold Hoses:
– Service Pressure Rating of 800 PSIG [5,516 kPa]
Recovery Cylinders:
– 400 PSIG [2,758 kPa] Pressure Rating
– Dept. of Transportation 4BA400 or BW400
CAUTION: R-410A systems operate
at higher pressures than R-22 systems. Do not use
R-22 service equipment or components on R-410A
equipment.
4.1.2 Specications of R-410A
Application: R-410A is not a drop-in
replacement for R-22.Equipment designs must
accommodate its higher pressures. It cannot be
retrofitted into R-22 condensing units.
Physical Properties: R-410A has an atmospheric
boiling point of -62.9°F [-52.7°C] and its saturation
pressure at 77°F [25°C] is 224.5 psig [1,548 kPa].
Composition: R-410A is a near-azeotropic mixture
of 50% by weight difluoromethane (HFC-32) and
50% by weight pentafluoroethane (HFC-125).
Pressure: The pressure of R-410A is
approximately 60% (1.6 times) greater than
R-22. Recovery and recycle equipment, pumps,
hoses, and the like must have design pressure
ratings appropriate for R-410A. Manifold sets
need to range up to 800 psig [5,516 kPa] high-
side and 250 psig [1,724 kPa] low-side with a
550 psig [3,792 kPa] low-side retard. Hoses
need to have a service pressure rating of 800
psig [5,516 kPa]. Recovery cylinders need to
have a 400 psig [2,758 kPa] service pressure
rating, DOT 4BA400 or DOT BW400.
Combustibility: At pressures above 1
atmosphere, a mixture of R-410A and air can
become combustible. R-410A and air should
never be mixed in tanks or supply lines or
be allowed to accumulate in storage tanks.
Leak checking should never be done with a
mixture of R-410A and air. Leak-checking can
be performed safely with nitrogen or a mixture of
R-410A and nitrogen.
4.1.3 Quick-Reference Guide for
R-410A
• R-410A refrigerant operates at approximately
60% higher pressure (1.6 times) than R-22.
Ensure that servicing equipment is designed to
operate with R-410A.
• R-410A refrigerant cylinders are light rose in
color.
• R-410A, as with other HFCs, is only compatible
with POE oils.
• Vacuum pumps will not remove moisture from
POE oil used in R-410A systems.
• R-410A systems are to be charged with liquid
refrigerants. Prior to March 1999, R-410A
refrigerant cylinders had a dip tube. These
cylinders should be kept upright for equipment
charging. Post-March 1999 cylinders do not have
a dip tube and should be inverted to ensure liquid
charging of the equipment.
• Do not install a suction line filter drier in the liquid line.
• A factory-approved liquid line filter drier is shipped
with every unit and must be installed in the liquid
line at the time of installation. Only manufacturer-
approved liquid line filter driers should be used.
Filter driers must be rated for a working pressure
of at least 600 psig [4,137 kPa]. The filter drier
will only have adequate moisture-holding capacity
if the system is properly evacuated.
• Desiccant (drying agent) must be compatible for
POE oils and R-410A refrigerant.
Ambient and Tube
Thermometers
Manifold
Gauge
Set
Brazing
Rods
Torch Nitrogen
Reclaimer
Recovery
Cylinders
Allen Wrench
Crescent Wrench

9
4.2 Choosing a Location
4.2.1 Allowable Clearances
12" [30.5 cm] to side intake louvers
24" [61.0 cm] to service access panels
60" [152.4 cm] vertical for fan discharge
If space limitations exist, the following clearances
will have minimal impact to capacity and efficiency
and are permitted:
Single-Unit Applications: Minimum of 6" [15.2
cm] to side intake louvers. Do not reduce the 60"
[152.4 cm] for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm]
service clearances.
Multiple-Unit Applications: For units positioned
next to each other, a minimum of 6" [15.2 cm]
clearance between units is recommended for 1.5
and 2 ton models and 9" [22.9 cm] for 2.5 ton to
5 ton models. Do not reduce the 60" [152.4 cm]
for fan discharge or the 24" [61.0 cm] service
clearances.
IMPORTANT: Consult local and
national building codes and ordinances for special
installation requirements. Following location
information will provide longer life and simplified
servicing of the outdoor unit.
NOTICE: These units must be installed
outdoors. No ductwork can be attached, or other
modifications made, to the discharge grille.
Modifications will affect performance or operation.
4.2.2 Operational Issues Related
to Unit Location
IMPORTANT: Locate the unit in a
manner that will not prevent, impair, or compromise
the performance of other equipment installed
in proximity to the unit. Maintain all required
minimum distances to gas and electric meters,
dryer vents, and exhaust and inlet openings. In
the absence of national codes or manufacturers’
recommendations, local code recommendations
and requirements will take precedence.
• Refrigerant piping and wiring should be properly
sized and kept as short as possible to avoid
capacity losses and increased operating costs.
• Locate the unit where water runoff will not create
a problem with the equipment. Position the unit
away from the drip edge of the roof whenever
possible. Units are weatherized, but can be
affected by the following:
• Water pouring into the unit from the junction
of rooflines, without protective guttering. Large
volumes of water entering the unit while in
operation can impact fan blade or motor life.
• Closely follow the clearance recommendations in
section 4.2.1.
• 24" [61.0 cm] to the service panel access
• 60" [152.4 cm] above fan discharge (unit top)
to prevent recirculation
• 6" [15.2 cm] to coil grille air inlets
with 12" [30.5 cm] minimum recommended
12” Min. (30.5 cm) 24”
[61.0 CM]
RECOMMENDED
SERVICE PANELS/
INLET CONNECTIONS
/ HIGH & LOW
VOLTAGE ACCESS
ALLOW 24” [ 61.0 cm] OF
CLEARANCE
ALLOW 60” [152.4 cm]
OF CLEARANCE
AIR INLET LOUVERS ALLOW
6” [15.2 cm] Min. OF
CLEARANCE ALL SIDES
12” [30.5 cm] RECOMMENDED
ST-A1226-177-00
4.0 INSTALLATION
Location

10
4.2 Choosing a Location (cont.)
4.2.3 Corrosive Environment
The metal parts of this unit may be subject to rust or
deterioration if exposed to a corrosive environment.
This oxidation could shorten the equipment’s useful
life.
Corrosive elements include, but are not limited to,
salt spray, fog or mist in seacoast areas, sulphur or
chlorine from lawn watering systems, and various
chemical contaminants from industries such as paper
mills and petroleum refineries.
If the unit is to be installed in an area where
contaminants are likely to be a problem, special
attention should be given to the equipment location
and exposure.
• Avoid having lawn sprinkler heads spray directly on
the unit cabinet.
• In coastal areas, locate the unit on the side of the
building away from the waterfront.
• Shielding provided by a fence or shrubs may give
some protection, but cannot violate minimum airflow
and service access clearances.
WARNING: Disconnect all power to
unit before starting maintenance. Failure to do so can
cause electrical shock resulting in severe personal
injury or death.
Regular maintenance will reduce the buildup of
contaminants and help to protect the unit’s finish.
• Frequent washing of the cabinet, fan blade, and coil
with fresh water will remove most of the salt or other
contaminants that build up on the unit.
• A good liquid cleaner may be used several times
a year to remove matter that will not wash off with
water.
4.2.4 Customer Satisfaction Issues
• The outdoor unit should be located away from the
living, sleeping, and recreational spaces of the
owner and those spaces on adjoining property.
• To prevent noise transmission, the mounting pad
for the outdoor unit should not be connected to the
structure and should be located a sufficient distance
above grade to prevent ground water from entering
the unit.
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.3 Mounting Unit
LocationMounting
4.3.1 Unit Mounting Methods
The outdoor unit may be mounted in a number of ways.
The most common method is on a ground mounted
concrete or pre-fabricated pad. It can also be mounted
on a ground or roof mounted metal frame, wooden
frame, or 4” x 4” [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] wooden stringers.
It is extremely important to properly secure the unit to
the pad or frame so it does not shift during high winds,
seismic events, or other outside forces to eliminate
the possibility of a safety hazard or physical damage
to the unit. Local codes in regions subject to frequent
hurricanes and seismic events will dictate specific
mounting requirements and must be followed.
4.3.2 High Wind and Seismic Tie-
Down Methods
The manufacturer-approved/recommended method is
a guide to securing equipment for wind and seismic
loads. Other methods might provide the same result,
but the manufacturer method is the only one endorsed
by the manufacturer for securing equipment where
wind or earthquake damage can occur. Additional
information is available on the manufacturer's website
or from the wholesale distributor.

11
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.3.3 Elevating Unit
WARNING: Secure an elevated unit and its
elevating stand in order to prevent tipping. Failure to do so may
result in severe personal injury or death.
If elevating the unit, either on a flat roof or on a slab, observe the
following guidelines.
• If elevating a unit on a flat roof, use 4" x 4" [10.2 cm x 10.2 cm] or
equivalent stringers positioned to distribute unit weight evenly and
prevent noise and vibration.
NOTICE: Do not block drain openings on bottom of
unit.
ST-A1226-178-00
BASE PAD
(CONCRETE OR OTHER
SUITABLE MATERIAL)
DO NOT BLOCK
OPENINGS
IN BASE PAN
Mounting

12
Tubing
4.4 Refrigerant Line Set Selection
To prevent failure of a new unit, the existing line set
must be correctly sized for the new unit and must
be cleaned or replaced. Care must be taken so
the expansion device is not plugged. For new and
replacement units, a liquid line filter drier must be
installed and the line set must be properly sized.
Test the oil for acid. If it tests positive for acid, a
suction line filter drier is mandatory.
IMPORTANT: When replacing an R-22
unit with an R-410A unit, either replace the line set
or ensure that residual mineral oil is drained from
existing lines including oil trapped in low spots.
4.4.1 Replacing Existing Systems
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.4.2 Line Set Length and Fitting Losses
4.4.3 Liquid Line Selection
Refrigerant tubing is measured in terms of actual
length and equivalent length. Actual length is used
for refrigerant charge applications. Equivalent
length takes into account pressure losses from tub-
ing length, ttings, vertical separation, accessories,
and lter driers. Table 4 references commonly used
equivalent lengths.
The purpose of the liquid line is to transport warm
sub-cooled liquid refrigerant between the outdoor
unit to the indoor unit. It is important not to allow the
refrigerant to ash into superheated vapor prior to
the expansion device of the indoor coil. The ash-
ing of refrigerant can occur for the following rea-
sons:
• Low refrigerant charge
• Improperly selected liquid line size
• Absorption of heat prior to expansion device
• Excessive vertical separation between the out-
door unit and indoor coil
• Restricted liquid line or lter drier
• Kinked liquid line
The total pressure drop allowed for the liquid line is
50 PSI [345 kPa]. The procedure for selecting the
proper liquid line is as follows:
• Measure the total amount of vertical separation
between the outdoor unit and indoor coil.
• Measure the linear length of liquid line needed.
• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with
any ttings or accessories using Table 1 above.
• Add the linear length to the total tting equivalent
length. This will equal your total equivalent line
length.
• Reference Table 5 to verify the calculated
equivalent length is acceptable with the required
vertical separation and diameter of liquid line.
Table 4: Equivalent Length for Fittings: ft [m]
Line Size
in [mm]
90° Short
Radius
Elbow
90° Long
Radius
Elbow
45°
Elbow
Solenoid
Valve
Check
Valve
Sight
Glass
Filter
Drier
3/8 [9.53] 1.3 [0.40] 0.8 [0.24] 0.3 [0.0] 6 [1.83] 4 [1.22] 0.4 [0.12] 6 [1.83]
1/2 [12.71] 1.4 [0.43] 0.9 [0.27] 0.4 [0.12] 9 [2.74] 5 [1.52] 0.6 [0.18] 6 [1.83]
5/8 [15.88] 1.5 [0.46] 1 [0.30] 0.5 [0.15] 12 [3.66] 6 [1.83] 0.8 [0.24] 6 [1.83]
3/4 [19.05] 1.9 [0.58] 1.3 [0.40] 0.6 [0.18] 14 [4.27] 7 [2.13] 0.9 [0.27] 6 [1.83]
7/8 [22.23] 2.3 [0.70] 1.5 [0.46] 0.7 [0.21] 15 [4.57] 8 [2.44] 1 [0.30] 6 [1.83]
1-1/8 [28.58] 2.7 [0.82] 1.8 [0.55] 0.9 [0.27] 22 [6.71] 12 [3.66] 1.5 [0.46] 6 [1.83]

13
Tubing
Table 5A: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (English Units)
14.3 SEER2 Single-Stage Air-Conditioners
Unit Size
Allowable
Liquid Line
Size
Allowable
Suction Line
Size
Apply Long Line
Guidelines if Linear
Line Length
Exceeds Those
Shown Below (Feet)
Equivalent Length (Feet)
< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250
(-)SA14AZ Maximum Vertical Rise (Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit) * / Capacity Multiplier
1. 5 Ton
** SEE
NOTE 3
1/4” 5/8” n/a 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 62 / 0.98 43 / 0.98 24 / 0.97 5 / 0.97 NR NR NR NR
5/16” 5/8” 188 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 93 / 0.97 88 / 0.97 83 / 0.96 78 / 0.96 73 / 0.95 68 / 0.94
3/8” 5/8” 125 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94
1/4” 3/4” ** n/a 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 62 / 0.99 43 / 0.99 24 / 0.99 5 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR
5/16” 3/4” ** 188 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 98 / 0.99 93 / 0.99 88 / 0.99 83 / 0.99 78 / 0.98 73 / 0.98 68 / 0.98
3/8” 3/4” ** 125 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98
2 Ton
1/4” 5/8” n/a 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 21 / 0.97 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
5/16” 5/8” 180 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.97 87 / 0.96 77 / 0.95 69 / 0.94 61 / 0.93 53 / 0.92 45 / 0.91 37 / 0.90
3/8” 5/8” 120 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94 98 / 0.93 95 / 0.92 92 / 0.91 89 / 0.90
1/4” 3/4” n/a 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 21 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
5/16” 3/4” 180 25 /1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 87 / 0.99 77 / 0.98 69 / 0.98 61 / 0.98 53 / 0.97 45 / 0.97 37 / 0.96
3/8” 3/4” 120 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 95 / 0.97 93 / 0.97 90 / 0.96
2.5 Ton
5/16” 5/8” 148 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 70 / 0.94 59 / 0.93 48 / 0.91 36 / 0.90 NR NR NR
3/8” 5/8” 98 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.98 75 / 0.96 100 / 0.94 98 / 0.93 94 / 0.91 90 / 0.90 NR NR NR
5/16” 3/4” 148 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.99 70 / 0.98 59 / 0.98 48 / 0.97 36 / 0.96 25 / 0.96 13 / 0.95 NR
3/8” 3/4” 98 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 98 / 0.98 94 / 0.97 90 / 0.96 86 / 0.96 82 / 0.95 78 / 0.95
Notes:
1) Do not exceed 200  linear line length.
2) * Do not exceed 180  vercal separaon if outdoor unit is above indoor unit.
3) ** 3/4” sucon line should only be used for 1.5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor to assure proper oil return.
4) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.
5) Applicaons shaded in light gray indicate capacity mulpliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.
6) Applicaons shaded in dark gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or sucon pressure drop.
Table 5B: Refrigerant Line Sizing Chart (Metric Units)
14.3 SEER2 Single-Stage Air-Conditioners
Unit Size
Allowable
Liquid Line
Size
mm [in.]
Allowable
Suction Line
Size
mm [in.]
Apply Long
Line Guidelines
if Linear Line
Length Exceeds
Those Shown
Below
(Meters)
Equivalent Length (Meters)
< 8 8-15 16-23 24-30 31-38 39-46 47-53 54-61 62-69 70-76
(-)SA14AZ Maximum Vertical Rise (Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit) * / Capacity Multiplier
5.3 KW
[1.5 Ton]
** SEE
NOTE 3
6.35 [1/4] 15.88 [5/8] n/a 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 19 / 0.98 13 / 0.98 7 / 0.97 2 / 0.97 NR NR NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 57 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 23 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 28 / 0.97 27 / 0.97 25 / 0.96 24 / 0.96 22 / 0.95 21 / 0.94
9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 38 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 23 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.97 30 / 0.97 30 / 0.96 30 / 0.96 30 / 0.95 30 / 0.94
6.35 [1/4] 19.05 [3/4] ** n/a 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 19 / 0.99 13 / 0.99 7 / 0.99 2 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] ** 57 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 23 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 28 / 0.99 27 / 0.99 25 / 0.99 24 / 0.98 22 / 0.98 21 / 0.98
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] ** 38 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 23 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.98
7.0 KW [2
Ton]
6.35 [1/4] 15.88 [5/8] n/a 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 6 / 0.97 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 55 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 23 / 0.97 27 / 0.96 23 / 0.95 21 / 0.94 19 / 0.93 16 / 0.92 14 / 0.91 11 / 0.90
9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 37 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 23 / 0.97 30 / 0.96 30 / 0.95 30 / 0.94 30 / 0.93 29 / 0.92 28 / 0.91 27 / 0.90
6.35 [1/4] 19.05 [3/4] n/a 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 6 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR NR NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] 55 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 23 / 0.99 27 / 0.99 23 / 0.98 21 / 0.98 19 / 0.98 16 / 0.97 14 / 0.97 11 / 0.96
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 37 8 / 1.00 15 / 1.00 23 / 0.99 30 / 0.99 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 29 / 0.97 28 / 0.97 27 / 0.96
8.8 KW
[2.5 Ton]
7.94 [5/16] 15.88 [5/8] 45 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 23 / 0.96 21 / 0.94 18 / 0.93 15 / 0.91 11 / 0.90 NR NR NR
9.53 [3/8] 15.88 [5/8] 30 8 / 0.99 15 / 0.98 23 / 0.96 30 / 0.94 30 / 0.93 29 / 0.91 27 / 0.90 NR NR NR
7.94 [5/16] 19.05 [3/4] 45 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 23 / 0.99 21 / 0.98 18 / 0.98 15 / 0.97 11 / 0.96 8 / 0.96 4 / 0.95 NR
9.53 [3/8] 19.05 [3/4] 30 8 / 1.00 15 / 0.99 23 / 0.99 30 / 0.98 30 / 0.98 29 / 0.97 27 / 0.96 26 / 0.96 25 / 0.95 24 / 0.95
Notes:
1) Do not exceed 61 meters linear line length.
2) * Do not exceed 55 meters vercal separaon if outdoor unit is above indoor unit.
3) **19.05 [3/4 in] sucon line should only be used for 1.5 ton systems if outdoor unit is below or at same level as indoor to assure proper oil return.
4) Always use the smallest liquid line allowable to minimize refrigerant charge.
5) Applicaons shaded in light gray indicate capacity mulpliers between 0.90 and 0.96 which are not recommended, but are allowed.
6) Applicaons shaded in dark gray are not recommended due to excessive liquid or sucon pressure drop.

14
Tubing
4.4.4 Suction Line Selection
Purpose of the vapor line is to return superheated vapor
to the condensing unit from the evaporator. Proper suc-
tion line sizing is important because it plays an impor-
tant role in returning oil to the compressor to prevent
potential damage to the bearings, valves, and scroll
sets. Also, an undersized suction line can dramatically
reduce capacity and performance of the system. The
procedure for selecting the proper suction line is as fol-
lows:
• Determinate the total linear length of suction line
required.
• Add all of the equivalent lengths associated with any
ttings or accessories using the table on previous
page.
• Add the linear length and total tting equivalent
length. This will equal your total equivalent length.
• Reference Table 5 to verify that the calculated
equivalent length falls within the acceptable region of
the chart.
• Verify the capacity di󰀨erence is compatible with the
application using the multiplier in Table 5.
• Use only suction line sizes listed in Table 5.
4.4.5 Long Line Set Considerations
Long line set applications are dened as applications
that require accessories or alternate construction meth-
ods. The following things should be considered when
selecting and installing a long line set:
• Additional refrigerant charge
• Fitting losses and maximum equivalent length con-
siderations
• Refrigerant migration during the o󰀨 cycle
• Oil return to the compressor
• Capacity losses
• System oil level adjustment
4.4.5.1 Determining if Long Line Set Length
Requirements Apply
Table 5 is used to determine if the application is con-
sidered to have a long line set. A column is provided
that shows the linear line length where long line length
requirements apply.
4.4.5.2 Oil Return to Compressor
Small amounts of compressor crankcase oil is picked
up and carried out of the compressor by the moving
refrigerant and is circulated through the system along
with the refrigerant before it returns to the compressor
crankcase. It is critical to the life of the compressor for
the oil to be able to return to the compressor to maintain
an adequate level of oil in the compressor crankcase.
Oversized vapor lines result in inadequate refrigerant
velocities to carry the oil along with the refrigerant and
will cause the oil to accumulate in the low spots in the
vapor line instead of being returned to the compressor
crankcase. This is especially true for long line lengths.
Only use the vapor line sizes listed in Table 5 to assure
proper oil return. Do not oversize the vapor line.
4.4.5.3 Refrigerant Migration During O󰀨
Cycle
Long line set applications can require a considerable
amount of additional refrigerant. This additional refriger-
ant needs to be managed throughout the entire ambi-
ent operating envelope that the system will go through
during its life cycle. O󰀨-Cycle migration is where excess
refrigerant condenses and migrates to the coldest and/
or lowest part of the system. Excessive build-up of
refrigerant at the compressor will result in poor reliability
and noisy operation during startup. Long line applica-
tions require TXV's on both the indoor coil and outdoor
unit and a crankcase heater. (See table below and Sec-
tion 7.6 for crankcase heater information.)
Table 7: Factory Installed Crank Case Heaters
Model Number Factory Installed CCH
(-)SA14AZ18AJ N
(-)SA14AZ24AJ N
(-)SA14AZ30AJ N
Example: A 3 ton 13 SEER system is installed 50' below the indoor unit, requires a 75' of 1/2" diameter liquid line, 3/4"
diameter suction line, and 4 90° LR elbows, and a filter drier.
•Fitting Equivalent Length (ft.) = 4 × .9' + 6' = 9.6’
•Total Equivalent Length (ft.) = 75’ + 9.6' = 84.6’
This application is acceptable because the 50' vertical rise is less than the maximum rise of 100' for this application. The
application is also considered to have a long line set since 75 linear feet exceeds the limit of 55 feet. Reference the long
line set section of the I&O for detail
Table 6: Example Table
Unit Size
Allowable
Liquid Line
Size
Allowable
Suction
Line Size
Apply Long Line
Guidelines if Linear
Line Length Exceeds
Those Shown Below
(Feet)
Equivalent Length (Feet)
< 25 26-50 51-75 76-100 101-125 126-150 151-175 176-200 201-225 226-250
WA13 WA14
A/B/C
WA14
W/X Maximum Vertical Rise (Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit) * / Capacity Multiplier
3 Ton
5/16” 5/8” n/a 73 73 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 66 / 0.94 49 / 0.92 32 / 0.90 NR NR NR NR NR
3/8” 5/8” 110 48 48 25 / 0.99 50 / 0.97 75 / 0.94 95 / 0.92 89 / 0.90 NR NR NR NR NR
5/16” 3/4” n/a 73 73 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 66 / 0.98 49 / 0.98 32 / 0.97 15 / 0.96 NR NR NR NR
3/8” 3/4” 110 48 48 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 95 / 0.98 89 / 0.97 84 / 0.96 78 / 0.95 72 / 0.94 67 / 0.93 61 / 0.93
1/2” 3/4” 55 24 24 25 / 1.00 50 / 0.99 75 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97 100 / 0.96 100 / 0.95 100 / 0.94 100 / 0.93 100 / 0.93
5/16” 7/8” n/a 73 73 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 66 / 1.00 49 / 0.99 32 / 0.99 15 / 0.99 NR NR NR NR
3/8” 7/8” 110 48 48 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 95 / 0.99 89 / 0.99 84 / 0.99 78 / 0.98 72 / 0.98 67 / 0.98 61 / 0.97
1/2” 7/8” 55 24 24 25 / 1.00 50 / 1.00 75 / 1.00 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.99 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.98 100 / 0.97
.

15
Tubing
4.4.5.4 Maximum Liquid Pressure Drop
The total liquid line pressure drop must not exceed
50 psig [345 kPa] to assure a solid column of liquid at
the metering device and stable control of superheat.
Be sure to account for vertical separation, elbows,
lter driers, solenoid valves, sight glasses, and check
valves when calculating liquid line pressure drop.
4.4.5.5 Liquid Line Refrigerant Flashing
Excessive pressure drop and heat gain in long liquid
lines can result in the refrigerant ashing into a vapor
before it reaches the metering device which will
dramatically reduce the capacity and e󰀩ciency of
the system. For this reason, the liquid line must be
sized properly using the table in Table 5 and must be
insulated in unconditioned spaces.
4.4.5.6 Oil Level Adjustment for Long Line
Set Applications
Additional oil may need to be added for long line set
applications. (Ref. Table 5). If the system contains
more than 20 lbs [9 kg] of refrigerant charge, add 1
uid oz of POE
oil for every 5 lbs [13 ml/kg] of refrigerant charge
above 20 lbs [9 kg].
4.4.5.7 Capacity Losses
Long line lengths can result in a reduction in capac-
ity due to suction line pressure drop and heat gain.
Refer to Table 5 for capacity loss multipliers for various
vapor line diameters and lengths. Only use vapor lines
listed in Table 5 to assure proper oil return. This table
does not account for any capacity loss due to heat
gain from the environment. It is extremely important
not to oversize the suction line to minimize capacity
loss at the expense of proper oil return. If the table
shows an “NR” for a particular vapor line diameter and
length, capacity loss will be excessive. The full length
of the suction line must be insulated to minimize heat
gain.
4.5 Line Set Installation
• If tubing is to be run underground, it must be run in
a sealed watertight chase.
• Use care in routing tubing and do not kink or twist.
Use a good quality tubing bender on the vapor line
to prevent kinking.
• Route the tubing using temporary hangers; then
straighten the tubing and install permanent hangers.
The tubing must be adequately supported.
• Isolate the vapor line from the building structure. If
the vapor line comes in contact with inside walls,
ceiling, or flooring, the vibration of the vapor line
in the heating mode will result in noise inside the
structure.
• Blow out the liquid and vapor lines with dry nitrogen
before connecting to the outdoor unit and indoor
coil to remove debris that can plug the expansion
device.
TEMPORARY
HANGER PERMANENT
HANGER
ST-A1226-179-00
4.5.1 Important Tubing Installation
Practices
Observe the following when installing correctly sized
type “L” refrigerant tubing between the outdoor unit
and indoor coil:
• Check the tables on Table 5 for the correct suction
line size and liquid line size.
• If a portion of the liquid line passes through a
very hot area where liquid refrigerant can be
heated to form vapor, insulating the liquid line is
required.
• Use clean, dehydrated, sealed refrigeration-grade
tubing.
• Always keep tubing sealed until tubing is in place
and connections are to be made.
• A high-quality filter drier is included with all units
and must be installed in the liquid line upon unit
installation.
• When replacing an R-22 system with an R-410A
system and the line set is not replaced, blow out
the lines with dry nitrogen to remove as much of
the remaining mineral oil as possible. Check for low
spots where oil may be trapped and take measures
to drain the oil from those areas.
• If tubing has been cut, debur the ends while holding
the tubing in a position to prevent chips from
falling into tubing. Burrs such as those caused by
tubing cutters can affect performance dramatically,
particularly on small diameter liquid lines.
• For best operation, keep tubing run as short as
possible with a minimum number of elbows or
bends.
• Locations where the tubing will be exposed to
mechanical damage should be avoided. If it is
necessary to use such locations, the copper tubing
should be protected by a housing to prevent
damage.

16
Tubing
OUTDOOR UNIT LEVEL OR NEAR LEVEL TO INDOOR SECTION LINE SET
ST-A1219-50-00
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.5.2 Relative Location of Indoor and Outdoor Units
4.5.2.1 Indoor and Outdoor Unit Near Same Level
For applications that are considered to have a long
line set with the outdoor unit and indoor unit near
the same level the following is required:
• TXV on the indoor coil
• Start components may be required depending
upon quality of voltage (consistently <200 vac at
outdoor unit)
• Crankcase heater (Some models have factory
installed CCH's. Refer to tables in Section 4.4.5.6.)
• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.
Insulated suction line full length.
• Suction line should slope toward the indoor unit
• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear
and equivalent lengths, charging requirements,
and oil level adjustments spelled out in this
manual.
• Verify at least 5°F [2.8°C] liquid sub-cooling at
the indoor unit prior to expansion device.
REFERENCE Table 5 FOR
MAXIMUM LENGTH LIMITATION
IDEALLY, LINE SET SLOPES AWAY
FROM OUTDOOR. VERIFY
SUB-COOLING PRIOR TO
EXPANSION DEVICE, INSULATED
LIQUID LINE IN AN UNCONDITIONED SPACE
FOR LONG LINE APPLICATIONS. INSULATE
SUCTION LINE FULL LENGTH FOR ALL APPLICATIONS

17
For applications that are considered to have a long
line set with the outdoor unit below the indoor unit
the following is required:
• TXV or at the indoor coil.
• Crankcase heater (Some models have factory in-
stalled CCH's. Refer to tables in Section 4.4.5.6.)
• Start components may be required depending
upon quality of voltage (consistently <200 vac at
outdoor unit)
• Refrigerant lines should be routed even with the
top of the indoor coil or an inverted trap is to be
applied (refer to Figure 4).
• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.
Insulated suction line full length.
• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear
and equivalent lengths, charging requirements,
and oil level adjustments spelled out in this
manual.
• Verify at least 5°F [2.8°C] liquid sub-cooling at
the indoor unit prior to expansion device.
• Vertical separations greater that 25’ [7.62 m] can
expect a lower sub-cooling level.
Figure 4 ST-A1219-51-00
OUTDOOR UNIT BELOW INDOOR SECTION LINE SET
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.5.2.2 Outdoor Unit Below Indoor Unit
INSULATE
LIQUID LINE IN
UNCONDITIONED
SPACE FOR LONG
LINE APPLICATIONS
INSULATE SUCTION
LINE FULL LENGTH
FOR ALL APPLICATIONS
ROUTE
REFRIGERANT LINES
EVEN WITH TOP OF
COIL OR INSTALL
INVERTED TRAP.
REFERENCE Table 5 FOR
MAXIMUM LENGTH
LIMITATIONS
AND VERTICAL SEPARATION
Tubing

18
Tubing
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)
4.5.2.3 Outdoor Unit Above Indoor Unit
4.0 INSTALLATION
ST-A1219-52-00
For applications that are considered to have a long
line set with the outdoor unit above the indoor unit
the following is required:
• TXV on the indoor coil.
• Crankcase heater (Some models have factory in-
stalled CCH's. Refer to tables in Section 4.4.5.6.)
• Start components maybe required depending
upon quality of voltage (consistently <200 vac at
outdoor unit)
• Insulated liquid line in unconditioned space only.
Insulated suction line full length.
• Follow the proper line sizing, maximum linear and
equivalent lengths, charging requirements, and
oil level adjustments spelled out in this manual.
INSULATE SUCTION
LINE FULL LENGTH
FOR ALL APPLICATIONS
INSULATE LIQUID LINE
IN UNCONDITIONED
SPACE FOR LONG
LINE APPLICATIONS
VERIFY
SUB-COOLING
PRIOR TO
METERING
DEVICE
TXV AI INDOOR
COIL
REFERENCE Table 5 FOR
MAXIMUM LENGTH
AND VERTICAL SEPARATION
LIMITATIONS

19
4.5.3 Tubing Connections
Indoor coils have only a holding charge of
dry nitrogen. Keep all tube ends sealed until
connections are to be made.
• Use type “L” copper refrigeration tubing. Braze
the connections with the following alloys:
– Copper to copper, 5% silver minimum
– Copper to steel or brass, 15% silver minimum
• Be certain both refrigerant shutoff valves at the
outdoor unit are closed.
• Remove the caps and Schrader cores from the
pressure ports to protect seals from heat damage.
Both the Schrader valves and the service valves
have seals that may be damaged by excessive heat.
• Clean the inside of the fittings and outside of the
tubing with a clean, dry cloth before soldering. Clean
out debris, chips, dirt, etc., that enters tubing or
service valve connections.
• Wrap valves with a wet rag or thermal barrier
compound before applying heat.
• Braze the tubing between the outdoor unit and
indoor coil. Flow dry nitrogen into a pressure port
and through the tubing while brazing, but do not
allow pressure inside tubing which can result in
leaks. Once the system is full of nitrogen, the
nitrogen regulator should be turned off to avoid
pressuring the system.
• A fter brazing, use an appropriate heatsink material
to cool the joint.
• Reinstall the Schrader cores into both pressure
ports.
• Do not allow the bare suction line and liquid line
to be in contact with each other. This causes an
undesirable heat transfer resulting in capacity
loss and increased power consumption.
4.0 INSTALLATION
4.5 Line Set Installation (cont.)
Tubing

20
Tubing
4.6 Initial Leak Testing
Indoor coils have only a holding charge of dry
nitrogen. Keep all tube ends sealed until connections
are to be made.
WARNING: Do not use oxygen
to purge lines or pressurize system for leak test.
Oxygen reacts violently with oil, which can cause
an explosion resulting in severe personal injury or
death.
• Pressurize line set and coil through service fittings
with dry nitrogen to a maximum of 150 PSIG [1034
kPa]. Close nitrogen tank valve, let system sit for at
least 15 minutes, and check to see if the pressure
has dropped. If the pressure has dropped, check for
leaks at the line set braze joints with soap bubbles
and repair leak as necessary. Repeat pressure test.
If line set and coil hold pressure, proceed with line
set and coil evacuation (see Sections 4.7 and 4.8 for
evacuation and final leak testing).
• The suction line must be insulated for its entire
length to prevent dripping (sweating) and prevent
performance losses. Closed-cell foam insulation
such as Armaflex and Rubatex®are satisfactory
insulations for this purpose. Use 1/2" [12.7 mm]
minimum insulation thickness. Additional insulation
may be required for long runs. The liquid line must
be insulated in any unconditioned space when long
line sets are used and anytime the liquid line is run
through an attic due to hot temperatures that occur
there.
4.7 Evacuation
Evacuation is one of the most important parts of the
entire installation and service procedure. The life
and efficiency of the equipment is dependent upon
the thoroughness exercised by the serviceman when
evacuating air and moisture from the system.
Air or nitrogen in the system increases condensing
temperature and pressure, resulting in increased
power consumption, erratic operation, and reduced
capacity.
Moisture chemically reacts with the refrigerant and oil
to form corrosive acid which attacks the compressor
motor windings and internal parts and which can
result in compressor failure.
• After the system has been leak-checked and proven
sealed, connect the vacuum pump and evacuate
system to 500 microns and hold 500 microns or
less for at least 15 minutes. The vacuum pump
must be connected to both the high and low sides
of the system by connecting to the two pressure
ports. Use the largest size connections available
since restrictive service connections may lead to
false readings because of pressure drop through
the fittings.
4.8 Final Leak Testing
After the unit has been properly evacuated and
service valves opened, a halogen leak detector
should be used to detect leaks in the system. All
joints and piping within the outdoor unit, evaporator,
and interconnecting tubing should be checked for
leaks. If a leak is detected, the refrigerant should
be recovered before repairing the leak. The Clean
Air Act prohibits releasing refrigerant into the
atmosphere.
ST-A1226-180-00
ST-A1226-182-00
ST-A1226-181-00
4.0 INSTALLATION