Scan-Graphics CF Series User manual

CF Series Scanner
Maintenance
Manual
Firmware Rev. S27G and up
Scanner Serial Number
The information contained herein is the property of SCAN-GRAPHICS, Inc., and shall not be reproduced
or copied, or used as the basis for the manufacture or sale of apparatus or service without the written
approval of SCAN-GRAPHICS, Inc., first being obtained.
Scan-Graphics, Inc.
700 Abbott Drive
Broomall, Pennsylvania 19008-4373 Part Number: A62950-6
Telephone: [phone] Revision Number: 1
FAX: [phone] Revision Date: 5/24/96
Email: [email protected]

CF Series Scanner Maintenance Manual
(Firmware Rev. S27G and up)
©1989-1996 Scan-Graphics, Inc.
All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this document may be used or reproduced in any
form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without prior written permission of Scan-Graphics, Inc.
The information contained herein is the property of Scan-Graphics, Inc., and shall not be reproduced or copied, or used as the
basis for the manufacture or sale of apparatus or service without the written approval of Scan-Graphics, Inc., first being
obtained.
TRADEMARK NOTICE
Scan-Graphics, ScanView, Scangraphics, ScanMark, FRIENDS, FriendsPlus, CF ScanServ, ScanServ, ScanEdit, ScanPlot,
and CF Series Scanner are trademarks of Scan-Graphics, Inc.
IBM and DACU are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation.
DEC, MicroVAX II, MicroVMS, and DR11W are registered trademarks of Digital Equipment Corporation.
PATENT NOTICE
This product is manufactured under U.S. Patent 4631598, U.S. Patent 4972273, and other patents pending.
AGENCY APPROVALS
This product is listed by Underwriters Laboratories, Inc. as the following:
UL File # E125596
This equipment complies with the FCC Rules for a Class "A" computing device. Operation of this equipment in a residential
area may cause unacceptable interference to Radio and TV reception requiring the operator to take whatever steps are
necessary to correct the interference.
CF Series Scanner Maintenance Manual
________________

Preface
Purpose and Scope
The purpose of this manual is to provide the information necessary to keep the CF Series Scanner in proper working
order through regular preventive maintenance and provide the required information for a trained electronics technician to
effect repairs. This manual takes problem isolation and solution to the subassembly or board level.
Related Scangraphics Documentation
•CF Series Scanner User’s Manual (A62951-10)
This manual is available to factory-trained service technicians for the maintenance, troubleshooting, and
repair of CF Series Scanners.
•ScanServ User's Manual (A65352-04)
This manual is available to licensed users of ScanServTM - a Scangraphics' application program that allows a
personal computer to control the CF Series Scanner as a scan server.
Organization
The manual is organized into six sections and two appendices. The content of these divisions is as follows:
Section 1--System Overview
The System Overview provides a brief general discussion of the purpose and function of the subsystems comprising
the CF Series Scanner. Physical and performance specifications are also listed here.
Section 2--Installation
This section contains the procedures necessary for unpacking, choosing a location for, setting up, and applying
power to the scanner.
Section 3--System Description
This section goes into the details of the modules and components of the CF Series Scanner.
Section 4--Preventive Maintenance
This section lays out a regular program of maintenance which, if followed, will help keep the scanner trouble-free.
Section 5--Diagnostic Software
The program documented here tests the various modules of the scanner. It is accessible with an ANSI-type terminal
or a PC with terminal emulation software.

Section 6--Adjustment, Calibration, and Replacement
Contained in this section are the various procedures for adjusting and calibrating the scanner components. It also
covers replacement of some components. This treatment is task-oriented.
The two appendices are:
Appendix A--Terminal Setup
This appendix discusses settings required on terminals used with the CF Series Scanner.
Appendix B--Replacement Parts List
This appendix lists parts that may need replacement and their ordering numbers.
If You Have Questions
Should a question or problem arise that is not addressed in this or one of the SCAN-GRAPHICS scanning
publications, supervisors may contact SCAN-GRAPHICS, Inc. between 8:00 A.M. and 4:30 P.M. E.T., Monday through
Friday.
If you are calling to report a problem, be sure to have at hand error messages, printouts, or documents which
sequence the events leading up to the problem. The more specific the information, the faster the problem can be resolved.
Contact:
SCAN-GRAPHICS, Inc.
700 Abbott Drive
Broomall, Pennsylvania 19008
Telephone: [phone]
FAX: [phone]
Email: [email protected]

Table of Contents
Preface
Table of Contents
Warranty
Revision Record
1 CF SERIES SCANNER: FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS
1.1 FEATURES
1.1.1 User Interface
1.1.2 Critical Calibration
1.1.3 Advanced Image Processing
1.1.4 Multiple Resolution
1.1.5 Preview Display Monitoring (option)
1.1.6 Diagnostics
1.1.7 Construction
1.2 SPECIFICATIONS
1.2.1 Functional Specifications
1.2.1.1 Scan Speed
1.2.1.2 Resolution
1.2.1.3 Accuracy/Repeatability
1.2.1.4 Imager Sensor
1.2.1.5 Transport
1.2.2 Input Characteristics
1.2.3 Physical Specifications
1.2.4 Power Specifications
1.2.5 Environmental Specifications
1.3 MAJOR SYSTEMS OF SCANNER
1.3.1 Scanner Control System
1.3.2 Document Transport System
1.3.3 Document Illumination System
1.3.4 Camera System
1.3.5 Data Handling System
1.3.6 Display System (optional)
1.3.7 User Interface System
1.3.8 Power Supply System
1.3.9 Ventilation System
2 INSTALLATION
2.1 UNPACKING
2.2 SETUP
2.2.1 Document Catch Installation
2.2.2 Environmental Concerns
2.2.2.1 Site
2.2.2.2 Airflow
2.2.2.3 Ambient Light
2.2.2.4 Vibration
2.2.2.5 Temperature
2.2.2.6 Humidity

2.3 CONNECTIONS
2.3.1 A.C. Power
2.3.2 Video (Optional)
2.3.3 Host/Local Control and Diagnostics Terminal
2.4 POWER-UP
2.4.1 Check Line Voltage
2.4.2 Check Power Supply Voltage (Recommended)
2.5 SYSTEM CHECK
2.5.1 Check Line Splice
2.5.2 Check Merge
2.6 DE-INSTALLATION
3 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
3.1 MAJOR SYSTEMS OF SCANNER
3.1.1 Scanner Control System
3.1.2 Document Transport System
3.1.3 Document Illumination System
3.1.4 Camera System
3.1.5 Data Handling System
3.1.6 Display System (Optional)
3.1.7 User Interface System
3.1.8 Power Supply System
3.1.9 Ventilation System
4 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
4.1 DAILY
4.2 MONTHLY
4.2.1 Clean Filters
4.2.2 Clean Camera Lenses
4.3 ANNUALLY
4.3.1 Clean CCD Camera
4.3.2 Check Power Supply Voltages
4.3.3 Replace Lamps
4.3.4 Recalibrate Scanner

5 ON-BOARD DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
5.1 DIAGNOSTICS TESTS
5.1.1 (1) : Set Global Parameters
5.1.2 (2) : Perform System Initialization
5.1.3 (3) : Parameter Backup
5.1.4 (4) : Set Motor Speed
5.1.5 (5) : Splice Counts
5.1.6 (6) : Focus and Magnification
5.1.6.1 Focus
5.1.6.2 Magnification
5.1.7 (7) : IP LUT
5.1.8 (8) : Merge and Splice Adjustment
5.1.8.1 Line Splice Adjustment
5.1.8.1.1 Adjusting Line Splice Mechanically
5.1.8.1.2 Adjusting Line Splice Electronically
5.1.8.2 Merge Adjustment
5.1.9 (9) : Autosize Parameters
5.1.10 (A) : Set CCB Registers
5.1.11 (B) : Test Frame Grabber
5.1.12 (C) : Test I/O Board
5.1.13 (D) : Page Offsets
5.1.14 (E) : Camera System Diagnostics
5.1.14.1 (E) : Exposure Memory
5.1.14.2 (NE) : Normalize Exposure
5.1.14.3 (G) : Gain Memory
5.1.14.4 (NG) : Normalize Gain
5.1.14.5 (D) : Display Calibration Memory
5.1.14.6 (F) : Fill Calibration Memory
5.1.14.7 (T) : Take Line
5.1.14.8 (Q) : Take Qualified Line
5.1.14.9 (A) : Autotake
5.1.14.10 (V) : Video Board Reset (Not used)
5.1.14.11 (L0) : Lights Off
5.1.14.12 (L1) : Lights On
5.1.14.13 (U) : Uniformity Check (Not used)
5.1.14.14 (K) : Calibration Check
5.1.14.15 (M) : Mirror Control
5.1.14.16 (T) : Test Pattern Control
5.1.14.17 (Y) : Camera Delay (Factory Use ONLY)
5.1.14.18 (C) : Calibration Memory Test
5.1.14.19 (R) : Camera Response Curves
5.1.14.20 (H) : Histogram
5.1.14.21 (X) : Exit
5.1.15 (F) : Resolution Control
5.1.16 (G) : Document Sizes
5.1.17 (H) : Run Self Tests
5.1.18 (I) : Restore NVRAM
5.1.19 (J) : Binary Filter Parameters
5.1.20 (K) : IP Averager LUT
5.1.21 (L) : Autocalibration
5.1.22 (M) : SCSI Buffer Parameters
5.1.23 (X) : Exit

5.2 SAVING PARAMETER CHANGES TO NON-VOLATILE MEMORIES
5.2.1 Pixel Correction and Exposure Values
5.2.2 System Parameters
6 REPLACEMENT : COMPONENT AND SUB-ASSEMBLY
6.1 Task -- Removing Scanner Covers and Panels
6.2 Task -- Belt Replacement and Tension Adjustment
6.3 Task -- Lamp Installation and Replacement
6.4 Task -- Replacement of White Background
6.5 Task -- Camera Assembly Removal and Replacement
6.6 Task -- Camera Calibration
6.6.1 Video Board Adjustment
6.6.2 Camera Board Offset
6.6.3 Exposure Calibration
6.6.4 Gain Calibration
6.7 Task -- Checking and Adjusting Voltages
6.8 Task -- Fan Replacement
6.9 Task -- Filter Cleaning and Replacement
A TERMINAL SETUP
A.1 Using The Windows Terminal Emulator
A.2 Saving The Setup
A.3 Host Serial Cable Connections
B REPLACEMENT PARTS LIST


Scangraphics warrants its Scanner Products against defective workmanship and materials for a period of ONE (1) YEAR
from date of shipment. Software and MK35 Products are warranted for a period of Ninety (90) days from date of shipment.
Scangraphicsmust be advised in writing, during the warranty period, of any defect or non-conformity within thirty (30) days
after discovery of defect. Products or components thereof shall not be returned for inspections, replacement, or repair
without the Buyer having first obtained a specific Return Material Authorization (RMA) number from Scangraphics, AND
Scangraphics shall have the final determination as to the existence and cause of the defect. Authorization to return defective
product must be received from the factory prior to shipping the Product.
The Buyer shall bear the expense of returning the Product to the factory with the subsequent return shipment charges paid for
by Scangraphics if, in the event such defect or non-conformity is established by Scangraphics. Air filters, fuses, and lamps
are excluded from the provisions of this warranty. Scangraphics assumes no responsibility for obsolescence of its Software.
Software is furnished "AS IS" without warranty of any kind and without any representation regarding quality, performance,
or suitability. Scangraphics does not warrant the Software free from defects or that the support services will correct all
defects which might exist. Scangraphics warrants for the benefit only of the Buyer, that the Scangraphics Software shall
conform in material respects to the Scangraphics Software User's Manual provided by Scangraphics, except with respect to
subsequent modifications, if any, made by the Buyer.
This WARRANTY shall not apply to any Product or parts thereof rendered defective by negligence, accident, or subjected to
electrical, thermal, or mechanical conditions in excess of the maximum values established by Scangraphics specification; or
misuse in handling, transportation, storage; or by performance of repairs, installation, or alterations outside the factory except
when performed by Scangraphics accredited service representatives. Scangraphics reserves the right to inspect the Product
on the premises of the Buyer or the third party thereof. Inspection or repair at any location other than the Scangraphics
factory if carried out by Scangraphics at the request of the Buyer shall be at the then current published repair service labor
rates plus reimbursement of applicable travel costs. Scangraphics may, however, at its sole option, perform repair of
Products in the Buyer's or third party's plant at Scangraphics' expense.
Scangraphics reserves the right to make changes, additions, or improvements in its Products without assuming any
obligation to incorporate such change, addition, or improvement on its Products previously manufactured.
Scangraphics shall not be liable to the Buyer or any third party for any loss of production time or profits, or any
consequential damages whatsoever resulting from use of the purchased product; or any failure in the performance of other
product to which the purchased product is connected; or the functioning of an entire system, or parts of any parts of any
system of which the purchased product may be a part, including the effect that other parts of such system may have upon the
purchased product. Scangraphics sole and exclusive remedy and entire liability hereunder shall be the repair or replacement
of component parts or software proving defective, and limited to the value of the product subject to the remedy regardless of
the form of action whether it is in contract or in tort including negligence.
Scangraphics MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OTHER THAN THOSE SET FORTH IN THIS
AGREEMENT. THE WARRANTY STATED HEREIN IS EXPRESSLY IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND SUCH WARRANTY CONSTITUTES
THE ONLY WARRANTY MADE BY Scangraphics WITH RESPECT TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE PRODUCTS,
ARTICLES, MATERIALS, REPLACEMENT PARTS, OR SERVICES TO BE SUPPLIED HEREBY. Scangraphics
SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND.

Revision Record
Rev. No. Date Action
0 12-10-95 Original draft.
1 05-24-96 Added sections 1-4 and Appendices A & B
1 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The CF Series Scanner is a highly versatile data capture device, providing choices in speed and
resolution and producing high quality data. It also allows a choice between using a fixed threshold or an
adaptive threshold. An adaptive threshold takes into account variations in the shading of the media to
yield consistently good results, even from less than optimal documents. See Figure 1-1 for an
illustration of the scanner.
SCAN-GRAPHICS accomplished this in a way which makes the CF Series Scanner as easy to
use and maintain as possible. Care has been taken in the design and manufacture of the unit to build in a
strength which will keep the scanner operating reliable for years.
The CF Series Scanner can accommodate documents with widths up to 44 inches (the maximum
active scan area is 43 inches). The scanner does not limit the length of the document.
Although the technology employed by the CF Series Scanner is very complex, its function can be
described in quite simple terms. It consists of a set of cameras focused on a narrow window; lamps to
illuminate the document; a transport system which moves the document past the window; and the
electronics to convert the data captured by the cameras into a useful form.

1 CF Series Scanner: Features and Specifications
This chapter provides a brief overview of the features available and the specifications that apply
to the various CF Series Scanner models.
1.1 Features
The CF Series Scanners offer a wide range of features that permit the user to set up an ideal
configuration for today's needs as well as providing the capability to adapt to new needs in the
future.
User Interface
•Operable from host CPU through software
•Operable from scanner keypad (option)
Critical Calibration
•Electronic alignment of Y-axis (merge)
•Electronic alignment of X-axis (splice)
Advanced Image Processing
•Speckle Removal
•Gap Filling
•Patented Local Area Adaptive Thresholding with Limit Option
•Contrast Enhancement
•Polarity reversible to scan both positive and negative images
•Image mirroring
Multiple Resolution
•Available resolutions range from 1600 to 100 dpi
Refer to Table 1-A for available resolution values.
•Patented True Resolution Control, using the averaging method of eight-bit video data to
avoid dropping pixels
•Up to eight resolutions for the CF 1000/44
Preview Display Monitoring (option)
•High-resolution Preview Display for precise monitoring of image quality
•Real-time monitoring of the captured image on a scrolling display
•Zoom-in, zoom-out, and pan capabilities
•Echo Scan
Echo Scan is a special feature that allows intermittent repetitive scanning of specific image
areas. It rescans the document area visible in the Preview Display repeatedly, forward and
backward, until you give the signal to continue scanning the rest of the document. With

Echo Scan, you can fine tune the scan parameters for the best possible image quality in all
areas of the document.
Diagnostics
•Self-diagnostic tests are performed at power-up and on rebooting, unless manually
overridden.
•More powerful, menu-driven, internal diagnostic software is available for use by factory-
trained technicians.
Construction
•Solid construction based on the 1000 dpi model
•Casters for easy placement of the scanner

1.2 Specifications
The scanner is designed to operate in a typical office environment, with options available for
different user needs.
Functional Specifications
•Scan Speed
Speed can range from 3.9 to 138.5 inches per minute, depending on the selected scan resolution.
Refer to Table 1-A for a comparison of nominal speed to resolution. Interpolated resolutions are
available through Scangraphics ScanServ ver 3.0.0 or above.
Table 1-A: Nominal Scan Speed/Resolution Chart
Output Scanning Speed (in inches per minute)
Resolution CF1000/44 CF500/44 CF400/36 CF300/44
1600 dpi 3.91
1000 dpi 6.2 11.12- -
800 dpi 7.7 - 17.33-
700 dpi 8.8 - - -
600 dpi 10.3 - - 23.14
500 dpi 12.3 22.2 - -
400 dpi 15.4 27.7 34.6 -
300 dpi 20.5 36.9 46.2 46.2
200 dpi 30.8 55.4 69.2 69.2
100 dpi - 110.8 138.5 138.5
11600 (true longitudinal) x 1600 (software interpolated lateral)
21000 (true longitudinal) x 1000 (software interpolated lateral)
3800 (true longitudinal) x 800 (software interpolated lateral)
4600 (true longitudinal) x 600 (software interpolated lateral)
•Resolution
CF1000/44
200 to 1000 dpi
1600 dpi (true longitudinal and interpolated lateral)
CF500/44
100 to 500 dpi
1000 dpi (true longitudinal and interpolated lateral)
CF400/36
100 to 400 dpi
800 dpi (true longitudinal and interpolated lateral)
CF300/44
100 to 300 dpi
600 dpi (true longitudinal and interpolated lateral)

•Accuracy/ Repeatability
.04% lateral
Note: Measured over 40 inches for CF Series 44 scanners, and over 35 inches for
CF400/36 scanner.
.04% longitudinal
Note: Measured over 20 inches for all CF Series scanners.
•Imager Sensor
Multiple CCD arrays
•Transport
Continuous feed
Input Characteristics
•Document Width
44 inches (111.8 centimeters)
•Active Scan Width
41 inches (104.1 centimeters) for models CF1000/44 and CF500/44
43 inches (109.2 centimeters) for model CF300/44
36 inches (91.4 centimeters) for model CF400/36
•Document Length
Unlimited (if operator-feed skew is zero)
•Document Thickness
.003 to .062 inches (.07 to 1.56 millimeters)
•Media Types
Media types include paper, mylar, vellum, sepia, bluelines, onionskin, cardboard-backed
paste-ups, and photographic negatives-among others.
Physical Specifications
•Height
41 inches (112 centimeters)
•Width
53 inches (132 centimeters)
•Depth
20 inches (56 centimeters)
•Weight
380 pounds (172 kilograms)
•External Finish
Pearl Gray, Pebble Gray
•Internal Finish
Anodized or painted (as appropriate)
Power Specifications
•Power
600 watts maximum

•Voltage
115 15% volts (a.c.)
220/240 15% volts (a.c.) (optional)
•Current
5.5 amps maximum (115 volts)
3.0 amps maximum (220/240 volts)
•Frequency
50/60 Hz ±5%
Environmental Specifications
•Operating Ambient Temperature
18 to 30C (64 to 86F)
•Non-Operating Temperature
5 to 40C (41 to 104F)
•Humidity
The scanner can operate at any humidity level, short of condensation.
•Other Environmental Limitations
The scanner is designed to operate in a typical office-type environment, although it can
operate in more industrial settings-provided that the area is kept clean.
•Clearance
A one-foot air space should be allowed at the rear of the scanner to allow adequate air
circulation.

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2 INSTALLATION
2.1 Unpacking
The CF Series Scanner comes in a corrugated paper crate mounted to a wooden pallet with four
"air-ball" cushions on the bottom. On the inside are packing materials which prevent the unit from
shifting around. Immediately upon receipt, check for shipping damage and report any found to the
shipper and SCAN-GRAPHICS. When unpacking, discard no materials until you have accounted for
the following contents of the box:
° Quantity 1 CF Series Scanner
° Quantity 1 Power Cord
° Quantity 1 CF Series Scanner Operations Manual (A62951-10)
° Quantity 1 Document Catch
In addition, those customers who purchase the optional display video monitor will receive a
corrugated paper box containing:
° Quantity 1 Video Monitor
° Quantity 1 Power Cable
° Quantity 1 Video Cable
The easiest method to remove the scanner from the crate is with a fork lift and a lot of caution. A
ramp is provided as part of the packing to allow the CF Series scanner to be removed from the pallet by
only two people. Remove the ramp from its storage location and attach it to the end of the pallet. One
person will guide the scanner down the ramp while the other pushes from the opposite end. Do not
attempt to lift the scanner by the top plate or lid.

2.2 Setup
2.2.1 Document Catch Installation
The document catch has three keyhole type slots. Insert the studs on the rear of the
scanner (about an inch above the fan) into the three keyhole slots and push down firmly to seat
them in the slots.
2.2.2 Environmental Concerns
The following conditions must be met to ensure acceptable working conditions for the
scanner:
2.2.2.1 Site
The site has to be relatively dust free. The environment should also generate a
low degree of static electricity.
2.2.2.2 Airflow
There must be at least one foot of clearance in the rear of the scanner to allow for
proper airflow. Do not place the scanner near a heating panel or vent.
2.2.2.3 Ambient Light
In order to keep the light uniform on the document being scanned, no direct
sunlight or bright lights should fall on the unit.
2.2.2.4 Vibration
Excessive vibrations in the room should be avoided in order for the delicate
settings of the cameras to remain unchanged.
2.2.2.5 Temperature
The ambient temperature in the room should average between 18 and 30 degrees
C (64-86 degrees F). The maximum ambient temperature for a non-working scanner
must be between 5 and 40 degrees C (41-104 degrees F).
2.2.2.6 Humidity
The point of condensation should not be reached in the room.
2.3 CONNECTIONS

See Figure xx for an illustration of the connector panel on the back of the scanner showing the
various points of connection for the following items. The appearance of the back panel may vary,
depending on the type of interface ordered.
2.3.1 A.C. Power
Check the line voltage to ensure that it is the proper level for the unit (either 110 or 220,
as ordered). Then connect the enclosed A.C. power cord to the scanner and to the wall outlet.
The 110 Volt model is not protected if it is connected to a 220 Volt circuit and major
damage will result.
2.3.2 Video (Optional)
The video connector is for the attachment of a cable from the scanner to the optional
display monitor. It has a 15-pin D sub-miniature connector. It is on the back panel, just to the
right of the Host Serial connector. Connect the other end to the monitor.
2.3.3 Host/Local Control and Diagnostics Terminal
The host serial control cable is attached to the scanner using this connector by means of
a D-type sub-miniature 9-pin male connector. This connector is also used for installation of the
local control and diagnostics terminal. Any ANSI-type terminal or personal computer with
terminal emulation can be used for local control and diagnostics. See Appendix xx for terminal
setup values. Only one source of control can be connected at any time.
2.4 POWER-UP
2.4.1 Check Line Voltage
If you have not done so already, check the line voltage to be sure it is at the proper level,
either 110 V A.C. or 220 V A.C., before turning on the scanner.
2.4.2 Check Power Supply Voltage (Recommended)
The power supply voltages should be checked to make sure that the voltages did not
change during shipment. This is quick and easy to do following the steps in task 6.7 (Checking
and Adjusting Voltages) for all voltages except the +120 volt lamp power (which is not
adjustable).
2.5 SYSTEM CHECK

2.5.1 Check Line Splice
See Section 5.1.8.1 for details. A specific test document must be used for doing this
check.
2.5.2 Check Merge
See Section 5.1.8.2 for details. A specific test document must also be used for doing this
check.
2.6 DE-INSTALLATION
To de-install the CF Series Scanner, remove the cables from the rear of the scanner and lift the
document catch up and away from the scanner. If the scanner is to be shipped, replace the scanner in the
crate in which it came and include all the packing material.