Schippmann CS-8 Series User manual

CS-8 Series
Owners' manual DLFO

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-1-
User manual b Carsten Schippmann
Graphic design CS-8 Series: Carsten Schippmann
Concept and development: Carsten Schippmann
English translation b Carsten Schippmann
Contact:
Schippmann electronic musical instruments
Dipl.-Ing. Carsten Schippmann
Wartburgstr. 8
D-10823 Berlin
Web: www.schippmann-music.com
Email: [e-mail]
The manufacturer Schippmann electronic musical instruments is constantl
striving for improvements and developments of their products. Therefore, we
reserve the right to change technical specifications which improve our
products at an time without notice. This includes the look of the unit which
might differ from pictures in this manual.
No part of this publication is to be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed or
translated in an form or b an means whatsoever without written
permission b
Schippmann electronic musical instruments .
 2021, Schippmann electronic musical instruments, errors excepted, subject
to change without prior notice.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-2-
PREFACE
First of all, congratulations on the purchase of this 3U Eurorack s nthesizer
module. This manual contains a condensed description of the functionalit
and addresses users with a certain level of elementar technical knowledge.
The present DLFO of the CS-8 series is a ver flexible and precise full
analogue dual quadrature Low Frequency Oscillator. Each LFO provides the
waveforms sine, cosine, triangle, co-triangle and rectangle. The parameter
"Slo e" allows continuousl to adjust the time ratio of the rising and falling
edge of the triangle output. I.e., this parameter will shift the triangle from a
falling sawtooth to a rising sawtooth, full voltage controllable. The rectangle
changes its dut c cle and the cosine and co-triangle keeps a little surprise.
At an time the LFO output can be set to an voltage value within the output
amplitude range, including its further direction (up or down). This can be used
as a synchronisation function, either in a mode where the oscillator alwa s
continues or where the oscillator will be set and stops. Moreover there exists a
reverse sync function where a trigger will reverse the current direction.
Furthermore each LFO provides a luxurious shot function, where a number of
shots from 1 to 16 are adjustable. The first oscillation begins with a pre-
selected starting value and direction (parameter "state") and the last one will
ends at the same value unless the state value has been changed during the
shot execution. The number of shots is also voltage controllable. A 7-segement
displa visualizes the shot number and the current state of an executed shot.
Design and implementation meet highest technical standards. The front panel
is made from powdered and printed piece of aluminium sheet metal of 2 mm
gauge. The entire design and production work was done in German .
Made in German

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-3-
1. WARRANTY .........................................................................................................................4 
1.1 Limited Warranty ....................................................................................................4 
1.2 Terms of Warranty ..................................................................................................4 
1.3 Warranty transferability ......................................................................................4 
1.4 Claim for damages ..................................................................................................5 
2. CE AND FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENTS ...............................................................5 
3. DISPOSAL ............................................................................................................................5 
4. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .................................................................................................6 
5. MAINTAINANCE/ CLEANING ........................................................................................7 
6. GETTING STARTET............................................................................................................7 
6.1 Un acking ..................................................................................................................7 
6.2 Installation .................................................................................................................7 
7. CONTROLS ...........................................................................................................................8 
7.1 Front anel .................................................................................................................8 
7.2 Back ............................................................................................................................ 11 
7.3 Initial o eration .................................................................................................... 13 
8. MODULE DESCRIPTION ............................................................................................... 13 
8.1 Structure .................................................................................................................. 13 
8.2 The LFO and its waveforms .............................................................................. 14 
8.3 The Slo e function ............................................................................................... 15 
8.4 The state arameter ............................................................................................ 17 
8.5 Synchronization, Run/Set ................................................................................. 18 
8.6 The Shot function ................................................................................................. 19 
8.7 The Reverse function .......................................................................................... 22 
8.8 Little maths ............................................................................................................. 22 
9. TECHNICAL DATA AND SIGNAL VALUES ............................................................. 24 
9.1 Technical Data (in general) .............................................................................. 24 
9.2 Signals and ratings .............................................................................................. 24 

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-4-
1. WARRANTY
1.1 Limited Warranty
Schippmann electronic musical instruments warrants the mechanical and
electronic components of this product for a period of two (2) ears from the
original date of purchase, according to the warrant regulations described
below. However, as a gesture of goodwill we give a lifetime warrant on our
products. Nevertheless, this will be alwa s a decision in an individual case. If
the product exhibits an faults within the specified warrant period that are
not excluded from this warrant ,
Schippmann electronic musical instruments
shall, at its discretion, either replace or repair the product. This warrant exists
in addition to the general terms of business of the manufacturer Schippmann
electronic musical instruments .
1.2 Terms of Warranty
Schippmann electronic musical instruments reserves the right to execute
warrant services onl if the product comes with a cop of the dealer’s original
invoice. Final discretion of warrant coverage lies solel with Schippmann
electronic musical instruments . An Schippmann electronic musical
instruments product deemed eligible for repair or replacement under the
terms of this warrant will be repaired or replaced within 30 da s after
receiving the product at
Schippmann electronic musical instruments .
Damages or defects caused b improper handling or opening of the unit b
unauthorized personnel (user included) are not covered b this warrant .
Products which do not meet the terms of this warrant will be repaired
exclusivel at the bu er´s expense and returned C.O.D. with an invoice for
labour, materials, return shipping, and insurance. Products repaired under
warrant will be returned with shipping prepaid b Schippmann electronic
musical instruments . Outside Germany, roducts will be returned at the
buyer´s ex ense.
1.3 Warranty transferability
This warrant is extended to the original purchaser and cannot be transferred.
No other person (retail dealer, etc) shall be entitled to give an warrant
promise on behalf of
Schippmann electronic musical instruments .

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-5-
1.4 Claim for damages
Schippmann electronic musical instruments does not accept claims for
damages of an kind, especiall consequential loss or damage, direct or
indirect of an kind however caused. Liabilit is limited to the value of this
product. The general terms of business drawn up b Schippmann electronic
musical instruments appl at all times.
Please note: The controls, switches and jacks are programming facilities, no
real-time controllers! Tweak them carefull since we cannot be held liable for
“abused” potentiometers and switches.
2. CE AND FCC COMPLIANCE STATEMENTS
This device has been tested and deemed to compl with the DIN EN 60065
standards.
This device has been tested and deemed to compl with the requirements,
listed in FCC Regulations, part 15. The device complies with EN 55103-1 and
EN 55103-2 standards.
Because of the entirel analogue construction, this device does not generate
radio frequencies and will not interfere with radio frequencies generated b
other electronic devices.
3. DISPOSAL
This device has been manufactured to RoHS-standards, in compliance with the
requirements of the European parliament and council and is thus free of lead,
mercur , and cadmium.
!! Notice: This roduct is still s ecial waste and is not to be dis osed of
through regular household waste !!
For dis osal, lease contact your local dealer or Schippmann electronic
musical instruments

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-6-
4. SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
BEFORE USING THIS PRODUCT FOR THE FIRST TIME, PLEASE READ THE
ENTIRE USER MANUAL THOROUGHLY.
•PLEASE AVOID SHARP BENDING OF ANY CORDS AND CABLES.
•CORDS SHOULD NOT BE INSTALLED WITHIN THE REACH OF CHILDREN
OR PETS.
•DO NOT TREAD THE ENCLOSURE OF THE PRODUCT, DO NOT PLACE
HEAVY OBJECTS ON IT.
•BEFORE REMOVING THE PRODUCT FROM THE RACK, PLEASE
DISCONNECT THE POWER PLUG AND ALL OTHER CABLE
CONNECTIONS.
•PLEASE DISCONNECT THE POWER PLUG FROM THE OUTLET IN CASE OF
A THUNDERSTORM.
•NEVER OPEN THE ENCLOSURE OF THE PRODUCT! NEVER TRY TO
MODIFY THE INTERNAL CIRCUITRY! ONLY QUALIFIED SERVICE
PERSONNEL IS ALLOWED TO OPEN THE ENCLOSURE.
•DO NOT PLACE OPEN FIRE ON TOP OF THE PRODUCT (CANDLES, ASH
TRAYS, HOT THAI CURRIES ETC).
•NEVER EXPOSE THE PRODUCT TO WATER, BEER, OR MOISTURE.
•ADULTS ARE TO MAKE SURE THAT CHILDREN FOLLOW ALL SAFETY
INSTRUCTIONS. SAME THING GOES FOR PETS.
•AVOID MECHANICAL STRESS OR IMPACT. DO NOT DROP THE PRODUCT;
EVEN IF THERE IS A CONTROL LABELLED "DROP"!
•DO NOT USE THE PRODUCT WITH TOO MANY OTHER ELECTRONIC
DEVICES RUNNING FROM ONE SINGLE OUTLET, ESPECIALLY IN
CONNECTION WITH EXTENSION CORDS. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO SAVE
MONEY ON CHEAP SOLUTIONS. BUY PROPER HIGH-DUTY POWER
DISTRIBUTORS AND CORDS!
•NEVER USE EXTENSION CORDS WITH LESS MAXIMUM LOAD THAN THE
TOTAL POWER CONSUMPTION OF ALL DEVICES CONNECTED TO A
SINGLE POWER OUTLET COMBINED. OVERLOADING EXTENSION CORDS
CAN CAUSE FIRE.
•AVOID MECHANICAL STRESS ON JACKS AND KNO S / SWITCHES.
•PROTECT YOUR SPEAKERS AND EARS (!) AGAINST EXCESSIVE AUDIO

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-7-
LEVELS.
5. MAINTAINANCE/ CLEANING
•BEFORE CLEANING THE PRODUCT, PLEASE DISCONNECT THE POWER
PLUG FROM THE OUTLET OR DISCONNECT THE MODULE FROM ITS
POWER CONNECTOR BY PULLING THE FLAT RIBBON CABLE.
•USE A DRY OR SLIGHTLY MOIST CLOTH OR COMPRESSED AIR FOR
CLEANING. NEVER USE ANY CLEANER OR THINNER (E.G. PAINT THINNER
OR ACETON). PRINTS AND PAINTWORK WILL IMEDIATELY BE
DESTROYED!! ALSO AVOID ALCOHOL (ISOPROPYLIC), GAS, SPIRITS
(SCOTCH SINGLE MALTS, FOR A START) OR ABRASIVE HOUSEHOLD
CLEANERS!
6. GETTING STARTET
6.1 Un acking
The box should contain the following items:
- 1 x CS-8 Series DLFO 3HU rack-mount module
- 1 x Ribbon cable (20 cm length with two 16 pole IDC-connectors)
- 4 x M3 screws
- 4 x pol prop lene washers
- this owners’ manual
If the content of the box turns out to be incomplete, please get in touch with
our dealer or
Schippmann electronic musical instruments immediatel . In
case of damage caused in transit, please get back to the responsible carrier
and Schippmann electronic musical instruments immediatel . We will support
ou in this case.
6.2 Installation
Place the unit on a clean, dr and sturd surface, or use a suitable ke board
stand or 19” rack. For 19” rack mounting, a suitable rack (3U Eurorack with +/-
12V power suppl rails) is required. The CS-8 DLFO uses discrete all-analogue
electronics. Thus certain parameters ma be temperature-sensitive. We

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-8-
recommend placing the DLFO awa from heat sources such as radiators, lamps
or other units that produce heat (e.g. power amps or internal power supplies).
7. CONTROLS
7.1 Front anel
Fig. 1 shows the front panel with consecutivel numbered controls and jacks.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-9-
Fig. 1

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-10-
1. State-CV jack (input) – determines b a control voltage (-5 V - +5 V) the
Set value and the triangles' direction (up or down) of the LFO output
2. State controller – adjusts the Set value and the triangles' direction of the
LFO output
3. Freq-CV jack (input) – controls the LFO's frequenc with a scale of about
0,5 Volt/Octave; this input is not calibrated
4. Freq controller – set the oscillators' frequenc (0.01 Hz - 100 Hz)
5. LED indicator – glows "red" from bright to off accordingl to the triangle
6. Num-CV jack (input) – set b a control voltage (0 V - 8 V) the number of
shots (0 - 16); ever 0.5 V increment per further shot
7. Num controller – adjusts the shot number (0 - 16)
8. Slo e-CV jack (input) – determines b a control voltage (-5 V - +5 V) the
rising-to-falling time ratio of the triangle
9. Slo e controller – set the rising-to-falling time ratio of the triangle
10. 7-Segment Dis lay indicator – visualizes the set shot number and the
current state of an executed shot (down counter)
11. Sync jack (input) – a +5 V trigger set the LFO immediatel to the State
value
(1) , (2)
12. Rectangle jack (output)– provides the rectangle wave output (±5 V)
13. Reverse jack (input) – a +5 V trigger reverses the current output direction
of the triangle wave
14. Triangle jack (output) – provides the triangle wave output (±4 V)
15. Run/Set jack (input) – Set: set b a 0 V signal the triangle output abiding
to the State value
(1) , (2) ; Run: a +5 V signal unblocks the oscillator or
starts a shot, resp.; this jack is tied b a switching contact to +5 V
16. Co-triangle jack (output) - provides the co-triangle wave output (±4 V)
17. Cosine jack (output) - provides the cosine wave output (±4 V)
18. Sine Buchse (Ausgang) - provides the sine wave output (±4 V)
19. State-CV jack (input) – determines b a control voltage (-5 V - +5 V) the
Set value and the triangles' direction (up or down) of the LFO output
20. State controller – adjusts the Set value and the triangles' direction of the
LFO output
21. Freq-CV jack (input) – controls the LFO's frequenc with a scale of about
0,5 Volt/Octave; this input is not calibrated
22. Freq controller – set the oscillators' frequenc (0.01 Hz - 100 Hz)
23. LED indicator – glows "red" from bright to off accordingl to the triangle
24. Num-CV jack (input) – set b a control voltage (0 V - 8 V) the number of
shots (0 - 16); ever 0.5 V increment per further shot

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-11-
25. Num controller – adjusts the shot number (0 - 16)
26. Slo e-CV jack (input) – determines b a control voltage (-5 V - +5 V) the
rising-to-falling time ratio of the triangle
27. Slo e controller – set the rising-to-falling time ratio of the triangle
28. 7-Segment Dis lay indicator – visualizes the set shot number and the
current state of an executed shot (down counter)
29. Sync jack (input) – a +5 V trigger set the LFO immediatel to the State
value
(19) , (20)
30. Rectangle jack (output)– provides the rectangle wave output (±5 V)
31. Reverse jack (input) – a +5 V trigger reverses the current output direction
of the triangle wave
32. Triangle jack (output) – provides the triangle wave output (±4 V)
33. Run/Set jack (input) – Set: set b a 0 V signal the triangle output abiding
to the State value
(19) , (20) ; Run: a +5 V signal unblocks the oscillator or
starts a shot, resp.; this jack is tied b a switching contact to +5 V
34. Co-triangle jack (output) - provides the co-triangle wave output (±4 V)
35. Cosine jack (output) - provides the cosine wave output (±4 V)
36. Sine Buchse (Ausgang) - provides the sine wave output (±4 V)
7.2 Back
Fig. 2 shows the back of the module with consecutivel numbered elements.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-12-
Fig. 2 Back
1. IC1 – pinned LFO Modul
2. 16 Pin ower su ly box-header
3. P1 12- gauge-trimmer – initial frequenc LFO A (left side)
4. P2 12- gauge-trimmer – initial frequenc LFO B (right side)

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-13-
7.3 Initial o eration
The power connector’s (2) pin-out in top view (refer to fig. 2) is assigned as
follows: bottom to top, left to right. Thus pin 1 is located at bottom left, pin 2
above pin 1 etc. Pin 15 is at bottom right, pin 16 at top right.
Pin 1, 2 = -12 V (labelled with a triangle)
Pin 3-8 = GND (ground, 0 V), located outward on all jacks
Pin 9, 10 = +12 V
Pin 11-16 = not in use
To hook up power to the module, connect one of the IDC-jacks of the included
flat ribbon cable to the connector (refer to fig. 2). Observe guide ke for the
polarit of the connector in order to avoid pin reversal. The red tag of the
cable is to match the triangle-label.
8. MODULE DESCRIPTION
8.1 Structure
The DLFO is a ver controllable oscillator in duplicate design. The Fig. 3 shows
the structure of one of these two LFO's. In the following piece b piece ever
parts will be described and as the case ma be exemplified with graphics.
Because of the identit of the two LFO's the following descriptions are
referring to the elements 1-18 of the front panel (LFO A).
Hint: The overall 6 digital input jacks (2x S nc., 2x Reverse, 2x Run/Set) are so-
called Schmitt-Trigger inputs, meaning the can be fed with an analog (also
negative) voltages (max. ±12 V). The trigger point is about +3 V.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-14-
1/2 DLFO
7-Segment
Displa
Freq
LED
Freq
+5 V
0.5 V/
Oct.
A/D
Slope
+5 V
CV
+5 V
Run/Set
State
+5 V
CV
Num
+5 V
CV
-5 V
-5 V
1 ΜΩ S nc Reverse
Rect
Tri
Co-Tri
Sine
Cosine
Fig. 3 Structure of the DLFO (one of two)
8.2 The LFO and its waveforms
The waveforms were provided b the jacks (12)-rectangle, (14)-triangle, (16)-
Co-triangle, (17)-Cosine, (18)-Sine. Fig. 4 shows all waveforms in their correct
phase relationship.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-15-
Triangle
(reference)
Sine
Pulse
Co-Tri
Cosine
Fig. 4 The LFO waveforms
The red LED (5) follows the triangle output. The rectangle has an output
amplitude of ±5 V, where all other waveforms have an output of ±4 V.
B the controller (4) the LFO frequenc is adjustable between 0.01 Hz and 100
Hz. B the CV-jack (3) the frequenc can be controlled with a scale of about 0.5
V/Octave - this input is not calibrated.
Hint: This is a Low Frequenc Oscillator specialized on ver low frequencies. A
good volt/octave tracking can be achieved for frequencies up to 1 kHz.
Afterwards the sensitivit flattened more and more, i.e., higher voltage
increments are necessar for the same interval. It could be showed that this
behavior provides a lot better feeling to adjust modulations and bringing
surprisingl different results.
8.3 The Slo e function
The controller (9) or the CV-jack (8), resp. adjusts the time ratio of the rising to
falling edge of the triangle wave while the frequenc is kept constant - ideal

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-16-
case. Because of different component tolerances, the frequenc can shift
slightl b some few percents. Fig. 5a and 5b shows how the waveforms
changes with the Slope parameter. If the controller (9) is in mid position a
voltage range of ±5 V at CV-jack (8) is needed for the full parameter control (-5
V falling - +5 V rising sawtooth). The Co-triangle and the Cosine waveforms will
change their form probabl surprisingl . This is, because these waves were first
split into certain pieces and then reconstructed to achieve the wished phase
shift of 90 degrees. The shortest rising/falling time of the triangle wave is less
than 25 µs. With this the maximum frequenc can be calculated to slightl
more than 20 kHz, where the shape could be onl a triangle wave, of course.
Triangle
(reference)
Sine
Pulse
Co-Tri
Cosine
Fig 5a. The slope effect (controller 9 (27) on left side)

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-17-
Triangle
(reference)
Sine
Pulse
Co-Tri
Cosine
Fig 5b. The slope effect (controller 9 (27) on right side)
The algebraic sign of the rectangle is positive (+5 V) during the rising phase of
the triangle or respectivel at positive values of the Co-triangle and negative (-
5 V) during the falling phase of the triangle or respectivel at negative values
of the Co-triangle.
8.4 The state arameter
The state value becomes relevant for the s nchronization and for setting the
LFO to a certain voltage value. The CV-jack (1) and the controller (2)
determines the state value. Thereto the imager at the dial of controller (2) is
to understand as follows. The little dot on the triangle edge marks the voltage
value (state) to which the triangle output will be set in case of a s nc input
trigger at jack (11) or with a set signal (0 V) at jack (15). The arrow implies the
direction (rising/falling) of the triangle after the s nc/set event. If the
controller (2) is in mid position, a voltage range of ±5 V at jack (1) is equal to
the full range of controller (2). The values of controller (2) and jack (1) sum up.
On the left side of the dial (2), from full CCW to mid position, the full range of
the triangle output voltage (from +4 V to -4 V) will be passed through, whereas
the triangle direction is alwa s downwards to more negative voltage values.

CS-8 Series DLFO Rev1.3, March 2021
-18-
Further from the mid position (2) to full CW the state value arises again to
more positive voltages (from -4 V to +4 V), whereas the direction is now
upwards.
Hint: In a strong as mmetricall setting of the slope value (controller 9), close
to full CCW or CW there will be a sound difference with s nchronization when
the LFO operates at audio frequencies.
8.5 Synchronization, Run/Set
A positive transition be ond a trigger level of about +3 V at the s nc jack (11)
leads to a s nchronizing jump to the current state value, whereas the LFO
continues oscillating. The Run/Set jack (15) is internall tied via a switching
contact to +5 V, that the LFO can free oscillate in normal mode. A plugged
cable even open ended or with applied 0 V causes a permanent set of the
triangle to the state value until the applied voltage becomes +5 V (or unplug
the cable) to release the oscillator. Fig. 6a, 6b visualize the effect of S nc and
Run/Set in free running mode.
State value
Triangle
output
+4 V
+5 V
S nc input
downward
direction
(left side scale)
time
time
-4 V
transition
upward
direction
(right side scale)
0 V
0 V
Fig. 6a State - S nc