Studio Technologies 5401A User manual

50701-0821, Issue 4
Copyright © 2021 by Studio Technologies, Inc., all rights reserved
studio-tech.com
User Guide
Issue 4, August 2021
This User Guide is applicable for serial numbers
M5401A-01001 and later with Main MCU Firmware 1.04 and later
and Dante Firmware version 1.2.0 and later
Model 5401A
Dante® Leader Clock

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Model 5401A User Guide Issue 4, August 2021
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DANTE LEADER CLOCK
Table of Contents
Revision History ...................................................................................................................... 4
Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 5
Installation ............................................................................................................................... 8
Dante Configuration ................................................................................................................11
Model 5401A Configuration .....................................................................................................13
Operation ................................................................................................................................31
Technical Notes .......................................................................................................................39
Specifications ..........................................................................................................................43
Appendix A–Compatible Sync Input Sources .........................................................................45
Appendix B–Network Configuration Examples .......................................................................46
Appendix C–Dante Controller Network Default Configuration Values .....................................49
Appendix D–Front-Panel Menu Structure ...............................................................................50
Appendix E–Model 5401A Default Configuration Values ........................................................51
Appendix F–PTPv2 (IEEE® 1588-2008) Default Characteristics ...........................................52
Appendix G–Accessing the Unit when User Name and/or Password are Not Known ............53

Issue 4, August 2021 Model 5401A User Guide
Page 4 Studio Technologies, Inc.
Model 5401A
DANTE LEADER CLOCK
Revision History
Issue 4, August 2021:
• Documents change of Dante Controller default configuration setting. (Was Switched, changed to
Switched+Mgmt.).
Issue 3, August 2021:
• Revises format of document. Incorporates menu page screen captures in-line with text and removes related
appendix.
Issue 2, July 2021:
• Documents support for 176.4 and 192 kHz sample rates.
• Miscellaneous corrections and clarifications.
Issue 1, May 2021:
• Initial release.

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DANTE LEADER CLOCK
Introduction
The Model 5401A Dante Leader Clock provides
precise timing signals for applications that utilize the
Dante audio-over-IP media networking technology.
The unit implements a high-performance IEEE® 1588
precision time protocol (PTP) server, compatible with
the requirements of Dante and capable of simultane-
ously supporting the timing needs of up to hundreds
of Dante-compatible devices. As expected, the Model
5401A provides the PTPv1 (IEEE 1588-2002) com-
patibility that’s required by Dante. In addition, the
unit supports PTPv2 (IEEE 1588-2008) for AES67
applications. A word clock output provides a general-
purpose timing reference for use by external devices.
The Model 5401A also generates eight sine wave
audio tones on Dante transmitter (output) channels
which can be useful during audio and data network
installation, maintenance, and operation. A sync input
connection allows the Model 5401A’s internal oscil-
lator to be synchronized with a variety of timing and
reference signals.
The Model 5401A is suitable for use in fixed and mo-
bile broadcast facilities, post-production studios, com-
mercial and educational theater environments, and
entertainment applications. Only power and one, two,
or three Ethernet network connections are required for
full operation. Using Dante’s inherent capabilities two
Model 5401A units can serve in primary and backup
Leader clock roles for redundant operation.
The unit’s three Gigabit Ethernet (GigE) network
interfaces can be configured for use in a range of
network implementations. For high-reliability audio
applications two of the interfaces can support Dante
redundancy operation while the third is used for
accessing the management webpages. To meet the
latest interoperability standard the Model 5401A’s
Dante implementation supports AES67-2018. The
unit also integrates with the Dante Domain Manager™
(DDM) software application.
An integrated web server allows fast and flexible
monitoring and configuration of the unit’s networking,
clocking, and Dante performance. Front-panel LED
indicators, an LCD display, and pushbutton switches
provide users with direct access to key operating
parameters.
The Model 5401A can be powered by 100-240 V,
50/60 Hz mains or a source of 12 volts DC. Both can
be simultaneously connected to provide redundant
operation. The lightweight enclosure mounts in one
space (1U) of a 19-inch equipment rack. Industry-
standard connectors are used for Ethernet, DC power,
and AC mains interconnections. Updating the Model
5401A’s operating software can be easily performed
using a standard USB flash drive.
Applications
Applications for the Model 5401A include broadcast
and post-production facilities, college and university
audio networks, arenas, stadiums, corporate installa-
tions, and virtually any application where substantial
numbers of Dante-compatible devices are utilized.
The Model 5401A will serve as a stable and consis-
tent Leader clock for the entire Dante “network.” And,
as expected, the Model 5401A is compatible with all
Dante devices, no matter what their function or manu-
facturer. Applications that utilize devices compatible
with AES67 will also benefit from the Model 5401A’s
resources.
Figure 1. Model 5401A Dante Leader Clock front and back views

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DANTE LEADER CLOCK
Why a Dedicated Dante Leader
Clock?
With Dante ubiquitous in fixed and mobile facilities of
all sizes and types, the need arose for a cost-effective,
purpose-designed, dedicated Leader clock. While an
inherent strength of Dante networking is its carefully
implemented use of the IEEE 1588 standard to ensure
that all connected devices maintain a common timing
reference, the actual performance can vary widely
depending on the specific Dante devices in use and
the overall number of devices on a network. There
are many Dante-compatible devices that can provide
adequate basic performance as a Leader clock, but
with the Model 5401A networked audio systems get
the benefits of a high-performance Primary Leader
Clock, along with additional unique capabilities. The
unit’s feature set, along with the associated internal
hardware and software, was designed to provide op-
timum performance, flexibility, and system integrity.
Timing Sources
The Model 5401A can provide excellent Leader clock
performance using its temperature- stabilized internal
oscillator, which exceeds the capability of standard
Dante devices by at least an order of magnitude.
While its standalone performance is excellent, the
Model 5401A can also be “locked” to a variety of ex-
ternal signals for integration into facilities that include
a central or main timing reference. Compatible signals
include word clock, video reference, and 10 MHz.
Word clock is a square wave signal that is often used
as a timing reference in audio-only facilities. Several
common word clock rates, including 48, 96 kHz, and
the more-exotic 192 kHz, are compatible with the
Model 5401A’s sync input. Video reference (“sync”)
signals are found in most broadcast and post-produc-
tion facilities. The Model 5401A supports the most-
common video format/rate combinations including
“black burst,” bi- and tri-level HD, and several that are
specifically intended for 4K applications. Industrial and
commercial facilities often utilize a GPS-disciplined
source of 10 MHz as a timing reference. This sine
wave signal is typically compatible with the Model
5401A’s sync input.
Word Clock Output
The Model 5401A generates a precise word clock
output signal that can be used as a timing reference
for related equipment. It’s specifically intended for
“locking” digital audio devices in applications that use
the Model 5401A to provide timing reference signals
for the associated Dante equipment. In this way, all
devices in an installation will share a common timing
reference.
The word clock output rate can be 44.1, 48, 88.2,
96, 176.4, or 192 kHz. The underlying timing source
for the word clock output is derived from the Model
5401A’s main timing source. As previously reviewed,
the internal oscillator, if desired, can be “locked” to an
external source. The main timing source is divided and
processed by the Model 5401A’s logic circuitry to cre-
ate the highly stable word clock output. This ensures
that the word clock output is synchronized with the
unit’s PTPv1 and PTPv2 server functionality.
Audio Tone Generator
The Model 5401A generates eight sine wave audio
tones intended for general-purpose use. These audio
tones are available from the Model 5401A by way
of Dante transmitter (output) channels and can be
connected, using the Dante Controller application, to
Dante receivers (inputs) on related equipment. The
flexibility of being able to interconnect signals (create
Dante “subscriptions”) between all Dante devices on
a network allows the audio tones to be used for a
variety of purposes. Configuration choices allow the
frequency and level of each sine wave tone to be
optimized for use in specific applications.
Leader Clock Support for Dante
Networks
A core part of the technology underlying Dante au-
dio-over-IP networking ensures that all connected
devices follow a common timing reference. This is
accomplished using the PTPv1 (IEEE 1588-2002)
and PTPv2 (IEEE 1588-2008) precision time proto-
cols. Any connected Dante device can be used as a
Leader clock; there is no requirement that a dedicated
Leader clock device be utilized to realize adequate
functionality. However, the actual performance can
vary widely depending on the specific Dante devices
available and the overall number of Dante devices
on a network.
Many Dante devices utilize the 2- or 4-channel
Ultimo™ ULT or UXT integrated circuits to implement
Dante connectivity. While Ultimo devices will fully

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Model 5401A
DANTE LEADER CLOCK
support Dante audio transport, they are not well suited
to serve as a Leader clock. Ultimo’s PTP performance
is limited and does not have the ability to synchronize
with an external timing reference. Other Dante de-
vices may use the Brooklyn II module or Broadway
integrated circuit to support Dante connectivity. In
some cases, these devices can provide good basic
performance as a Leader clock.
However, problems and limitations may arise when
these devices are called upon to perform “double
duty,” serving in both a primary function (such as
analog-to-Dante interfacing or audio signal process-
ing) as well as acting as a Leader clock. This is un-
derstandable as the main purpose of these devices
is to serve functions other than acting as a primary
synchronization reference. Timing related features,
such as allowing connection of a video bi- or tri-
level sync signal is rarely, if ever, supported. And
PTP performance can degrade when the computing
power of a device is intended primarily for handling
and manipulating digital audio signals. This can lead
to the required PTP resources being in short supply
when the number of Dante devices that need timing
messages moves into the hundreds. Also, firmware
updates, cabling changes, and other maintenance
tasks typically associated with a general-purpose
Dante device would impact the Leader clock func-
tionality for an entire installation.
The Model 5401A was specifically designed to sup-
port a Dante-based audio system’s Leader clock
requirement. And the unit’s generation of audio tones
and implementation of the word clock output utilize
hardware circuitry that is separate from that associ-
ated with its PTP functionality. As such, this secondary
functionality will not interfere with PTP operation. Un-
like a general-purpose Dante device, once mounted in
an equipment rack and the required interconnections
are made, the Model 5401A will perform its tasks
without risk of interruption due to conflicting resource
demands.
Flexible Networking Capability
Using the Dante Controller application program, the
Model 5401A’s three Ethernet ports can be selected to
operate in one of four modes: Switched, Redundant,
Switched+Mgmt, and Redundant+Mgmt. This should
allow virtually any desired networking implementation
to be easily achieved.
By using the Switched or Redundant network modes,
separate network connections will be maintained for
Dante audio and management purposes.
In the Switched mode a single Ethernet connection
to either of the Model 5401A’s two Dante Ethernet
ports will provide Dante Leader clock functionality.
The remaining Dante Ethernet port will provide Dante
network “loop-through” capability and can be used to
interface with another piece of Ethernet-connected
equipment. The management Ethernet port will be
used to access the Model 5401A’s monitoring and
configuration webpages.
In the Redundant mode two independent Ethernet
connections are made to the Model 5401A’s two
Dante Ethernet ports, enabling Dante’s redundant
networking capability. Again, the management Eth-
ernet port will be used to access the Model 5401A’s
monitoring and configuration webpages.
In the Switched+Mgmt mode a single Ethernet con-
nection is used for both Dante Leader clock functional-
ity as well as providing access to the Model 5401A’s
management webpages. The remaining Dante Ether-
net port will provide network “loop-through” capability
and can be used to interface with another piece of
Ethernet-connected equipment.
In the Redundant+Mgmt mode two independent Eth-
ernet connections can be made to the Model 5401A’s
two Dante Ethernet ports. This will enable Leader
clock capability for applications that utilize Dante re-
dundancy. Access to the Model 5401A’s management
webpages will be made by way of the Ethernet con-
nection made to the Dante primary Ethernet port.
Operating Power
The Model 5401A allows an AC mains source of 100-
240 V, 50/60 Hz to be directly connected. It can also
be DC powered using a 10-18 volt source that is con-
nected via a broadcast-standard 4-pin XLR connector.
If both AC and DC power sources are connected the
unit will be powered by the AC mains supply. Only if
the AC mains source fails will appreciable power be
drawn from the DC source. This allows a source of
DC, typically an external power supply, to serve in a
backup capacity. With this arrangement normal opera-
tion can continue even if AC mains power is lost.

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Future Capabilities
The Model 5401A was designed so that its capabili-
ties can be enhanced in the future. A USB receptacle
located on the unit’s back panel, allows the three firm-
ware files (embedded software) to be updated using a
USB flash drive. The Model 5401A’s Dante firmware
can be updated using one of the unit’s Ethernet con-
nections, helping to ensure that the Dante capabilities
remain up to date. All software files and configuration
parameters are stored in non-volatile memory.
Installation
In this section the Model 5401A will be mounted in
one space (1U) of an equipment rack. In many cases,
an external synchronization source will be connected
to the sync input BNC jack. If needed, a connection
may be made to the word clock output BNC jack on
the back panel. One or more Ethernet data connec-
tions will be made. AC mains and/or DC power will
be connected to the Model 5401A.
Using a coaxial cable terminated with a BNC plug, an
external source of synchronization may be connected
to the sync input. A word clock output is provided by
way of a BNC jack and may be utilized by one or
more pieces of equipment. Up to three Ethernet data
connections will be made to the Model 5401A using
standard RJ45 patch cables.
AC mains power can be connected to the Model
5401A by means of a detachable cord that is compat-
ible with the unit’s 3-pin IEC 320 C14 inlet connec-
tor. Some applications may warrant connection to a
source of nominal 12 volts DC which can be made
by way of a 4-pin XLR connector. A DC source can
be used to power the Model 5401A as well as serv-
ing as a backup power source should AC mains not
be present.
What’s Included
The shipping carton contains a Model 5401A Dante
Leader Clock and instructions on how to obtain an
electronic copy of this guide. Also included in the ship-
ping carton is a North-American-standard AC mains
cord. For destinations outside of North America the
local reseller or distributor should provide an appropri-
ate AC mains cord.
Mounting the Model 5401A
The Model 5401A Dante Leader Clock requires one
space (1U) in a standard 19-inch (48.3 cm) equipment
rack. Secure the unit into the designated equipment
rack using two mounting screws per side. As the
Model 5401A does not contain a fan or other noise-
producing source it can be located within a room or
other structure where audio monitoring is going to take
place. Some or all of the connections involving the
sync input BNC jack, the word clock output BNC jack,
the Ethernet interface RJ45 jacks, and the AC mains
and/or DC power connectors may be utilized.
Twisted-pair (UTC) Ethernet has a 100-meter (325-
foot) interconnection cable limitation. But that can
be overcome by using fiber-optic interconnections
between the Model 5401A and the Ethernet switch
or switches in the one or more associated local-area-
networks (LANs).
Sync Input
An external synchronization source can be connected
to the Model 5401A’s sync input BNC jack. Located on
the back panel, this input allows the Model 5401A’s in-
ternal timing to be “locked” to an external reference.
Signals that are compatible with the Model 5401A’s
sync input include word clock, bi-level video, tri-level
video, and 10 MHz sine wave. A configuration setting
in the Sync Input webpage defines what type of signal
is going to be connected. Another setting defines if a
termination impedance is applied to the sync input.
Refer to the Specifications section of this guide for
the general characteristics required of acceptable
external sync signals.
A connected word clock signal must be a square
wave with a rate that matches the Dante sample rate
as defined in the Dante Controller application. The
rate can be 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, or 192 kHz. If
termination has been enabled for the sync input when
it has been configured for word clock an impedance
of 75 ohms will be applied.
A source of bi-level or tri-level video can also be con-
nected to the sync input. Circuitry within the Model
5401A will decode many of the common video rates
and formats, allowing them to serve as a timing refer-
ence. Refer to Appendix A, located at the end of this

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DANTE LEADER CLOCK
guide, for a list of compatible rates and formats. If
the sync input is configured for video and termination
has been enabled an impedance of 75 ohms will be
applied.
A source of 10 MHz sine wave can be connected to
the Model 5401A’s sync input. This type of signal is
commonly used as a timing reference in industrial
and instrumentation applications. An impedance of
50 ohms will be applied to the sync input if termina-
tion has been enabled and the source is selected for
10 MHz.
Word Clock Output
A word clock output signal is provided for use by other
devices that want to be “timed” from the Model 5401A.
Available by way of a BNC jack located on the back
panel, the square wave output has a frequency that
matches the unit’s configured Dante sample rate.
Choices are 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, and 192 kHz.
The exact frequency of the word clock output is based
on the timing reference that has been selected for
the Model 5401A. If, for example, the Sync Input was
selected as the unit’s timing reference, then the word
clock output would be “locked” to it.
The source impedance of the word clock signal is
75 ohms and its unterminated output level is 5 volts
peak-to-peak (Vpp). When externally terminated with
a 75 ohm load the word clock output level will drop
to 2.5 Vpp.
Ethernet Connections
The Model 5401A provides three Gigabit Ethernet
(GigE) ports for flexibility and compatibility with
many networking implementations. Two ports are
provided for interconnections with one or two local
area networks (LANs) associated with Dante audio-
over-IP networking schemes. They are labeled as
PRI (primary) and SEC (secondary). The third Ether-
net port, labeled MGMT, can be used to access the
Model 5401A management resources. An internal web
server function supports the Model 5401A’s manage-
ment port’s webpages. These webpages are used for
configuration, monitoring, and maintenance of Model
5401A operation. Refer to Figure 2 for an overview
of the Model 5401A’s three Ethernet ports and how
they can operate.
Using the Dante Controller application, the three
Ethernet ports can be configured to operate in one of
four modes: Switched, Redundant, Switched+Mgmt,
or Redundant+Mgmt. If configured for either the
Switched or Redundant mode the management web-
pages are accessed by way of the management Eth-
ernet port. When configured for the Switched+Mgmt
mode the management webpages are accessed by
way of either the primary or secondary Ethernet port.
When configured for the Redundant+Mgmt mode the
management webpages are accessed using an Ether-
net connection made to the primary Ethernet port.
By providing three Ethernet ports and four configura-
tion modes, the Model 5401A allows support for virtu-
ally all facilities, including those that utilize separate
networks for Dante audio transport and equipment
management. In this way, “production” networks that
support transport of audio signals by way of a single
LAN (Switched mode) or two LANs (Redundant mode)
can be separate from an engineering network that
is used by technical personnel for configuring and
maintaining a facility or “plant.”
Connections to the three Ethernet interfaces are made
by way of standard RJ45 jacks that are located on the
back of the Model 5401A’s enclosure. The Ethernet
interfaces support auto MDI/MDI-X so that crossover
cables are not required. Refer to Appendix B, located
Dante Controller Network Model 5401A Ethernet Port
Switch Configuration Pri Sec Mgmt
Switched Dante Management
Redundant Dante Primary Dante Secondary Management
Switched+Mgmt Dante and Management Disabled
Redundant+Mgmt Dante Primary and Management Dante Secondary Disabled
Figure 2. Model 5401A Ethernet Port Configuration and Operation

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at the end of this guide, for examples of how the Model
5401A’s three Ethernet interfaces might be utilized. It’s
difficult to conceive of a network environment that the
unit wouldn’t be able to effectively support.
Dante Port Connections
At least one 1000BASE-T (GigE) Ethernet connection
is required for Model 5401A Dante operation. It should
be connected to the primary RJ45 jack. A second
1000BASE-T (GigE) connection can be made to the
secondary RJ45 jack if Redundant Dante is desired.
For this functionality to be active the Model 5401A’s
network configuration must be set for the Redundant
or Redundant+Mgmt mode within the Dante Control-
ler software application. While technically 100BASE-
TX (100 Mb/s) Ethernet can also be used for these
Dante connections, it is not optimal. Additionally, it’s
important to note that 10BASE-T (10 Mb/s) Ethernet
connections are not sufficient.
When configured in Dante Controller for the Switched
or Switched+Mgmt modes the Model 5401A’s Dante
secondary Ethernet connection can also be used as
a “loop through” port such as would be provided by
an Ethernet switch. Using the Dante secondary port in
this manner for applications other than troubleshoot-
ing or “looping” to access the Model 5401A’s manage-
ment port is not recommended. It will function reliably
but “daisy chaining” Ethernet signals can limit flexibility
and present a failure point; it’s optimal if each Dante
Ethernet interface connects directly to a separate port
on an Ethernet switch.
Management Port Connection
If required by the needs of an application, the manage-
ment webpages can be accessed using an Ethernet
signal connected to the Model 5401A’s management
Ethernet port. This requires that the network mode in
Dante Controller be configured for Switched or Redun-
dant. It’s recommended that a 1000BASE-T (GigE)
connection be made but a 100BASE-TX (100 Mb/s)
connection is sufficient. (GigE will provide the best
performance and it’s assumed that all contemporary
applications will support it.)
Access to the Model 5401A’s management web-
pages can also be obtained using the same network
connection or connections that are being used for
Dante audio. This requires that the network mode in
Dante Controller be configured for Switched+Mgmt
or Redundant+Mgmt. Appendix B provides example
of how these network scenarios can easily be imple-
mented.
Connecting Power
The Model 5401A requires a source of AC mains or
nominal 12 volts DC for operation. Either source can
be connected with the same result. Both can also be
simultaneously connected if a redundant (backup)
power scheme is desired.
Connecting AC Mains Power
The Model 5401A can operate directly from AC mains
power of 100 to 240 volts, 50/60 Hz, 5 watts maxi-
mum. As a “universal mains input” device there are no
switches to set or jumpers to install. A 3-pin IEC 320
C14 inlet connector on the back panel mates with a
detachable mains cord set.
All units are supplied from the factory with an AC
mains cord that has a North-American (NEMA 5-
15L) standard plug on one end and an IEC 320 C13
connector on the other end. Units intended for use in
other destinations require that an appropriate mains
cord be obtained. The wire colors in the mains cord
should conform to the internationally recognized color
code and be terminated accordingly:
Connection Wire Color
Neutral (N) Light Blue
Line (L) Brown
Earth/Ground (E) Green/Yellow
Because the Model 5401A does not contain a power
on/off switch it will begin operation as soon as AC
mains power is connected.
Safety Warning: The Model 5401A does not con-
tain an AC mains disconnect switch. As such, the
AC mains cord plug serves as the disconnection
device. Safety considerations require that the plug
and associated inlet be easily accessible to allow
rapid disconnection of AC mains power should it
prove necessary.
Connecting DC Power
The Model 5401A can also operate from a source
of 10 to 18 volts DC. The current required from a 12
volts DC source is 0.5 ampere (500 milliamperes)
maximum. A 4-pin male XLR connector, located on the
unit’s back panel, is used to connect the source of DC.

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Prepare a mating connector (female) so that pin 1 is
DC– and pin 4 is DC+. Pins 2 and 3 are not used and
should remain unconnected. This connector type and
pinout have become a broadcast DC power standard
and should be familiar to many technical personnel.
Because the Model 5401A contains no power on/off
switch it will begin operation as soon as a DC power
source is connected.
As previously mentioned, both an AC mains source
and a DC source can be connected at the same time.
If this is the implementation then the AC mains source
will always power the Model 5401A with the DC source
serving as a “hot standby.” Only if the AC source fails
will the unit draw power from the DC source. This
will occur automatically with no interruption of Model
5401A operation. In this “standby” mode (when an
AC mains source is connected) the Model 5401A
draws less than 110 microamperes (uA) from a 12
volts DC input.
Dante Configuration
For audio and timing to correctly pass from the Model
5401A requires that several Dante-related parameters
be configured. These configuration settings are stored
in non-volatile memory within the Model 5401A’s
Dante network interface circuitry. Configuration will
typically be done with the Dante Controller software
application, available for download free of charge
at audinate.com. Versions of Dante Controller are
available to support several operating systems. Refer
to Appendix C for a list of the Model 5401A’s Dante
Controller default configuration.
The Model 5401A’s Dante interface is compatible with
the Dante Domain Manager (DDM) software applica-
tion. Refer to DDM documentation, also available
from Audinate, for details on which Model 5401A and
related parameters may have to be configured.
Audio Routing
The Model 5401A’s eight Dante transmitter (output)
channels can be assigned to the desired Dante re-
ceiver (input) channels on associated equipment. This
will route the eight channels associated with the tone
generator function. Within Dante Controller a “sub-
scription” is the term used for routing a transmitter flow
(a group of up to four output channels) to a receiver
flow (a group of up to four input channels).
The Model 5401A uses a Brooklyn II module to imple-
ment its Dante functionality. The number of transmitter
flows associated with this module is 32 and, as such,
typically no flow limitation should occur. These flows
can either be unicast, multicast, or a combination of
the two. Note, however, that when AES67 mode is
enabled in Dante Controller the Dante transmitter
(output) channels will only function in multicast; uni-
cast is not supported.
Unit and Channel Names
The Model 5401A has a default Dante device name of
ST-5401A- along with a unique suffix. The suffix identi-
fies the specific Model 5401A that is being configured.
The suffix’s actual alpha and/or numeric characters
relate to the MAC address of the unit’s Brooklyn II
module. The eight Dante transmitter (output) channels
associated with the tone outputs have default names
of Tone 1 through Tone 8. Using Dante Controller,
the device and channel names can be revised as
appropriate for a specific application.
Device Configuration
The Model 5401A supports audio sample rates of
44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, and 192 kHz with no pull-
up/down options available. The digital audio data is
in the form of 24-bit pulse-code modulation (PCM 24)
samples. Clocking- and latency-related parameters
can be adjusted if required in Dante Controller but
the default values are typically correct.
Network Configuration – Dante
As has been covered previously in this guide, the
Model 5401A allows connection of one, two, or three
Ethernet signals using standard RJ45 jacks which
are located on the back panel. In many applications,
two of the jacks will be used for Dante audio and the
third for connecting to a network designated for device
management purposes. It’s also possible to access
the Model 5401A’s management webpages using the
Dante Ethernet ports. The Model 5401A’s Dante ports
are labeled PRI and SEC indicating that they are typi-
cally used for the primary and secondary connections.
The third Ethernet port is labeled MGMT, indicating
that it is intended for use accessing the management
webpages. How these three Ethernet ports function
can be selected in the Network Config – Switch Con-
figuration section of Dante Controller. The choices
are Switched, Redundant, Switched+Mgmt, and
Redundant+Mgmt.

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If Switched is selected then the Model 5401A can es-
tablish one Dante audio connection with an Ethernet
network. It doesn’t matter which RJ45 jack is utilized,
although for clarity this would typically be the primary
jack. The secondary RJ45 jack can be used to inter-
connect with another piece of networked equipment.
The management Ethernet port will be used to access
the management webpages.
If the Model 5401A’s Dante network is configured for
Switched ensure that only one of the two Dante RJ45
jacks on the back panel is connected to the LAN as-
sociated with the Dante network. If both of the Model
5401A’s Dante RJ45 jacks are routed to ports on
the same LAN this will typically “crash” the network!
(Although some of the latest/most-advanced Ethernet
switches will automatically detect and prevent such a
“network bridging” issue from occurring.)
If Switched+Mgmt is selected the same issues as
discussed in the previous two paragraphs would
again apply. The only difference is that the manage-
ment webpages would be accessed using the same
Dante Ethernet port that is being used to access the
Dante network. The management Ethernet port will
be disabled.
If Redundant is selected then Dante’s Redundant
networking capability will be enabled. In this case,
separate Ethernet LAN connections should be made
to the Dante primary and Dante secondary RJ45
jacks. Again, the Model 5401A’s separate manage-
ment Ethernet port will be used to access the man-
agement webpages.
If Redundant+Mgmt is selected in Dante Control-
ler then the network connection made to the Dante
primary Ethernet port will also be used to access the
management web-pages. The Model 5401A’s sepa-
rate management port will be disabled.
IP Addresses
When a Model 5401A has been configured for either
the Switched or Switched+Mgmt network mode a
single Dante IP address will be associated with the
network connection that is made to either the Dante
primary or the Dante secondary RJ45 jack. If the net-
work configuration has been selected for Redundant
or Redundant+Mgmt then separate IP addresses and
related network parameters will be assigned to the
Dante primary and Dante secondary Ethernet ports.
No matter what network mode has been selected the
Model 5401A will always have a separate manage-
ment IP address.
Typically, the Model 5401A’s Dante IP address or
addresses and related network parameters will be
determined automatically using DHCP or, if that’s not
available, the link-local network protocol. If desired,
the Dante Controller application does allow Dante
IP addresses and related network parameters to be
manually set to a fixed (static) configuration. While
this is a more-involved process than simply letting
DHCP or link-local “do their thing,” if fixed addressing
is necessary then this capability is available.
Note that if the Model 5401A’s network configuration
has been set for Redundant or Redundant+Mgmt then
the Dante primary and Dante secondary IP addresses
and related parameters can be independently config-
ured. This allows both Dante interfaces to be config-
ured automatically, both interfaces to be configured
manually, or one interface to be configured automati-
cally and the other to be configured manually.
By default, the Model 5401A’s management IP ad-
dress and related network parameters will be de-
termined automatically using DHCP or link-local. A
configuration option, accessible using the front-panel
display and associated buttons or the management
webpages, allows manual control of the manage-
ment IP address, subnet mask, and gateway address
values.
AES67 Configuration – AES67
Mode
Dante Controller allows a Model 5401A to be config-
ured for AES67 operation. This requires the AES67
mode to be set for Enabled. As previously noted in
this guide, if AES67 mode is enabled then PTPv2 will
be utilized and the Dante transmitter (output) chan-
nels will use multicast. The sample rate will be fixed
at 48 kHz.
Preferred Clock Source
By the very nature of its intended application, the
Model 5401A will normally serve as the Leader Clock
for all Dante-enabled devices. The unit has the ability
to communicate with the Dante network, selecting
itself as the Preferred Leader and causing the Enabled
Sync to External function to be enabled. The status

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of these two parameters can be observed using the
Clock Status function in Dante Controller.
Settings accessible using the Model 5401A’s man-
agement webpages allow extensive changes to the
clock configuration. These are provided for use when
troubleshooting or addressing special applications. In
most cases, the Model 5401A’s default settings would
be appropriate and should be utilized.
Model 5401A Configuration
Many Model 5401A Dante Leader Clock operating
parameters can be configured using the management
system’s webpages that are provided by way of one of
the unit’s Ethernet ports. The specific port utilized for
management will depend on the network configuration
that is selected using the Dante Controller application.
A standard web browser is all that is required to utilize
the menu webpages.
Several key network configuration parameters can
also be viewed and revised using the Model 5401A’s
front-panel graphics display and associated pushbut-
ton switches. Refer to Appendix D for details on which
parameters can be revised in this manner.
Management IP Address
It’s easy to identify the Model 5401A’s management
IP address by way of the front-panel display. If the
screen saver function is active, as it will be in most
situations, one of the five pages that will automatically
display will show the current management IP address.
As such, a user can simply observe the sequencing
menu pages and watch for the one that displays the
current management IP address. If it’s desired that the
current management IP address be continuously dis-
played then the Enter pushbutton switch on the front
panel should be pressed. This will stop the screen
saver function and cause the current management IP
address to display. It will also allow the various menu
pages to be accessed using the up, down, left, and
right pushbutton switches. Simultaneously pressing
the left and right arrow buttons will cause the screen
saver mode to begin again. The screen saver mode
will also automatically start two minutes after the last
press of any of the front-panel pushbutton switches.
How the management Ethernet port obtains its IP
address will depend on the management interface
configuration setting. The default method is automatic
so the Model 5401A’s management port will first try to
obtain an IP address using DHCP. If that is not suc-
cessful an IP address will be assigned using the link-
local protocol. An address of 169.254.x.x will indicate
that an IPv4 address was established using link-local.
The Model 5401A may also have been configured to
use a manual (fixed or static) IP address. The front-
panel display and associated pushbuttons, or the
Model 5401A’s management webpages, can be used
to review and/or make changes to the management
IP address and related parameters.
Accessing the Management
Webpages
To access the Model 5401A’s home webpage, type
the unit’s management IP address into a browser’s
search bar. (It’s possible that some browsers may
require including the text http:// followed by the IP
address.) Of course, the computer associated with
the browser must be on the same LAN and subnet
as the Model 5401A.

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Home Menu
Once the Model 5401A menu system has been accessed the Home webpage will appear. It provides six dis-
play-only fields along with a link to the Login menu webpage. The fields are similar to those provided in the
Main menu configuration webpage. The current clock source field will display which timing source is actively
being utilized by the Model 5401A. The Sync Input status field displays the current operating condition of the
sync input whose BNC jack is located on the unit’s back panel. The four Dante sync status fields will display the
role that the Model 5401A is actively playing as PTPv1 and PTPv2 timing resources for the devices connected
to the associated network or networks. Details about these fields are provided in the Main menu paragraphs
found later in this section.

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Login Menu
From the Home webpage click on the Login tab to access the Login menu webpage. Entry of a valid user name
and password is required to access the additional configuration menus. The Model 5401A doesn’t incorporate
a sophisticated security implementation. The user name and password, as well as the underlying software, is
intended to keep “honest” people from making unauthorized changes to the configuration of the Model 5401A.
It is not intended as a sophisticated, rigorous security system.
Should the applicable user name and/or password be misplaced, refer to the Technical Notes section and/or
Appendix G of this guide for a recovery method.
User Name: Enter the Model 5401A’s user name into
this field. It is case sensitive. The default user name is
guest. If both the default user name and the default
password are active then the user name will display
in this field.
Password: Enter the Model 5401A’s password into
this field. It is case sensitive. The default password is
guest. If both the default user name and the default
password are active then the password will display
in this field.
Log In Button: Click on the Log In button to submit
the entered user name and password. If the correct
entries have been made the Main menu webpage
will display. If an incorrect user name and/or pass-
word is entered then a login failed message will be
displayed.

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Main Menu
Once the correct user name and password have been submitted the Main menu webpage will be displayed.
This menu provides the ability to select three important operating parameters as well as displaying seven key
real-time conditions. In addition, the menu system allows direct access to other menu webpages.
Main Clock Source: This is a configurable field with
three choices: Internal, Sync Input, and Dante.
This setting determines which source will be the main
(normal) timing source that is used by the Model
5401A’s circuitry as its own “Leader” timing reference.
This is the clock source that will be used by the Model
5401A’s PTPv1 and PTPv2 servers that are critical to
the Model 5401A’s support of related Dante devices.
When Internal is selected the Model 5401A’s tempera-
ture-stabilized, high-performance crystal oscillator is
utilized. This will provide excellent timing accuracy
and consistent long-term performance. This source is
far superior to that provided by other standard Dante
devices. This is the correct choice if a high-quality
reference signal is not going to be connected to the
sync input.
When Sync Input is selected the Model 5401A’s sync
input function will be utilized. Using a BNC jack, lo-
cated on the Model 5401A’s back panel, an external
source of word clock, video reference, or 10 MHz sine
wave can be connected. Circuitry within the Model
5401A will “lock” (synchronize) the internal timing
signals to the externally provided reference signal.
Selecting Dante will instruct the Model 5401A to
use the clock signal provided by its Dante interface
circuitry as its reference timing source. The Dante
interface circuitry will either use its internal crystal
oscillator or synchronize to another Dante device on
the associated network. The actual clock source used
by the Model 5401A’s Dante interface will depend on
a setting in the Dante Controller application.
The Model 5401A includes the choice of Dante as the
main clock source only for trouble-shooting or other
factory-directed activities. It’s not expected that this
selection will ever be used during normal Model 5401A
operation. By selecting Dante the excellent timing
performance that can be provided by the sync input
or the internal oscillator would not be utilized.

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Failover Clock Source: This is a configurable field
with two choices: Internal and Dante.
This configuration choice selects which timing source
will be used should the Model 5401A’s selected main
clock source become unavailable. Specifically, the
failover source will be used if a valid sync source is
not connected to the sync input. If Internal is selected
then the unit’s crystal oscillator will be utilized as the
Leader clock source should a valid sync input signal
be unavailable. If Dante is selected then the failover
source will be the timing signal derived from the Model
5401A’s Dante interface.
From a performance standpoint it’s preferable to se-
lect Internal. This ensures that the best clock perfor-
mance can be obtained should the failover condition
be active. However, selecting Dante would allow an
interesting, albeit obscure, alerting feature to become
active. In the Dante Controller application, a device
such as the Model 5401A that has been selected as
the Preferred Leader with an external source allowed
will have an error condition occur if the Model 5401A’s
Dante interface doesn’t detect an external reference
being applied. And losing the external reference is
what the Model 5401A’s circuitry will do should failover
be activated and Dante selected as the failover
source. In this way, a Dante network user could be
alerted to a clocking issue should the Model 5401A
lose its sync input source.
However, having an error condition reported in the
Dante Controller application is probably not terribly im-
portant. The Dante SYNC LED, located on the Model
5401A’s front panel, will also offer a clear indication of
a loss of an external sync input signal. This LED will
typically slowly flash green when the Model 5401A is
functioning correctly as the Leader clock for the Dante
network. However, should the unit be configured to
use an external sync input signal and a valid one is not
present, the SYNC LED will flash orange to indicate
this loss of lock and that the failover source is in use.
In addition, the display will provide a text indication
of this condition.
Force Preferred Leader: This is a configurable field
with two choices: Disabled and Enabled.
This function impacts how the Model 5401A will control
a Dante network’s selection of which device is going
to serve as the Leader clock. As the main reason for
the Model 5401A’s existence is to serve as a Leader
clock, in most applications the unit should be serving
in that role. By forcing the Model 5401A to be a Pre-
ferred Leader clock it helps to ensure optimal Dante
network operation. By enabling this configuration, us-
ers of the Dante Controller application will not be able
to accidentally disable the Model 5401A as a Preferred
Leader. One can observe exactly what is meant by
the term Force Preferred Leader by unchecking the
Model 5401A’s Preferred Leader check box in Dante
Controller. After a short interval the box will automati-
cally return to the enabled (checked) state.
How the Model 5401A handles forcing the Dante net-
work to be a Preferred Leader clock and, if applicable,
automatically supporting an external clock input is not
trivial. This ability to control Dante network opera-
tion is part of the unit’s “secret sauce.” If the Model
5401A’s clock source is configured for Dante then
the Model 5401A will force off (uncheck) the Enable
Sync to External selection in Dante Controller. If the
Model 5401A’s main clock source is configured for
Internal or Sync Input then the Model 5401A will force
on (check) the Enable Sync to External configuration
in Dante Controller. This will apply as long as this
specific Model 5401A is acting as Primary Leader,
Leader, or AES67 Leader.
Submit: A Submit button is located below the Force
Preferred Leader field. For any changes made to the
three configurable fields on the Main menu webpage
to be saved and acted upon the Submit button must
be pressed.
Current Clock Source: This is a display-only field
with choices of Internal, Internal (Failover Active),
Sync Input, Dante, and Dante (Failover Active).
The text Failover Active will display in red as a warn-
ing of an abnormal condition that warrants interven-
tion. The current clock source field can also display
--- which indicates a major hardware error and would
warrant contacting the factory.
When Internal is displayed it indicates that the Model
5401A’s internal temperature-stabilized oscillator is
being used as its timing reference. When Internal
(Failover Active) is displayed an abnormal condition
is occurring. In this case, the Model 5401A has been
configured to use an external sync signal as the main
clock source but a valid one is not available; it is

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using its internal temperature-stabilized oscillator as
the failover timing reference. If Sync Input is displayed
this indicates that an external timing reference signal
is connected to the sync input BNC jack on the Model
5401A’s back panel and it is being used as the main
clock source. If Dante is displayed this indicates that
the Model 5401A is using a timing reference derived
from its Dante network interface. This is not an in-
valid condition but would typically only occur in a
troubleshooting situation. If Dante (Failover Active) is
displayed an abnormal condition is occurring. In this
case, the Model 5401A is using a timing reference
derived from its Dante network interface. However,
this is only occurring because the configured main
clock source is not currently available.
Sync Input Status: This is a display-only field with
choices of Locked (Active), Locked (Standby), Un-
locked, and Idle. As a warning of an abnormal condi-
tion the text Unlocked will display in the color red.
If Locked (Active) is displayed this indicates that a
valid signal is connected to the Model 5401A’s sync
input and is serving as the unit’s timing reference. If
Locked (Standby) is displayed this indicates that a
valid signal is connected to the Model 5401A’s sync
input and while it is capable of serving as the unit’s
main timing reference it is not currently serving as the
main clock source.
If Unlocked is displayed it can be the result of several
conditions. It can display if a signal is connected to
the Model 5401A’s sync input but is not being rec-
ognized as a valid timing reference. This can occur
for multiple reasons. The most common would be
due to a configuration mismatch, such as if a video
reference is connected while the Model 5401A’s sync
input is configured to support a word clock source. It
might also indicate that a non-supported word clock
rate or an incompatible video reference is connected.
Unlocked could also be displayed if no signal is con-
nected to the sync input or if a connected signal is
incorrectly terminated, e.g., no termination applied
when one is required or if two terminations (“a double
termination”) were present.
Idle will display if the sync input has not been selected
as the Model 5401A’s main clock source and a valid
source has not been connected to the sync input. It
simply indicates that the sync input circuitry is not
actively receiving an external signal.
Primary Leader Clock: A display-only field will show
the MAC (media access control) address of the Dante
network’s currently active Primary Leader Clock.
Displayed to the right of the MAC address will be an
additional piece of information about what specific
device is associated with the displayed MAC address.
If the MAC address is associated with this specific
Model 5401A then the text will show (This Device). If
the MAC address is not for this specific Model 5401A
the text will show (Other Device).
A logical question to ask would be “so what is this
Other Device?” Unfortunately, the Model 5401A’s
firmware does not have the ability to know more about
a specific Primary Leader Clock other than its MAC
address. It can only determine if the MAC address
matches this specific Model 5401A or not. If the ad-
dress doesn’t match then another device has to be
serving as the Primary Leader. The Dante Controller
may provide more detailed information about a Dante
network’s clocking. And network software or hardware
tools may allow a MAC address to be associated with
a specific device.
Note that the information provided in this field can be
a bit confusing, even to the writer of this guide. But for
a network maven it can be very useful when trouble-
shooting a complex network timing issue. Reviewing
several related issues to Primary Leader Clock can
be valuable. First of all, it’s important to note that the
reference to the word primary in “Primary Leader
Clock” has nothing to do with the primary and second-
ary Ethernet interfaces! In this context Primary Leader
Clock refers to the device that all other devices in a
Dante network will follow.
In most cases, a Model 5401A will serve as the Pri-
mary Leader Clock. But there is no requirement that
it must play this role. For example, a Model 5401A
can serve as a Leader Clock while following the tim-
ing provided by another device that’s serving as the
Primary Leader Clock. For another example, one
Model 5401A could serve as the Primary Leader Clock
while several other Model 5401A units serve as PTP
boundary clocks. These boundary clocks would, by
way of a unicast PTP message, synchronize with the
Primary Leader Clock. The boundary clocks could
then provide PTPv1 and PTPv2 functionality (using
multicast) with timing based on that derived from the
Primary Leader Clock. This method may be used to

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provide Dante device timing across different subnets
for complex or especially large applications. For more
in-depth control of these clocking issues the Dante
Domain Manager (DDM) software application can be
very useful.
Dante Sync Status: The Model 5401A can simultane-
ously serve as a Leader clock for both Dante primary
and Dante secondary networks and is capable of
supporting both PTPv1 (IEEE 1588-2002) and PTPv2
(IEEE 1588-2008). As such the unit is capable of
acting as four independent Leader clocks: PTPv1 for
Dante primary, PTPv2 for Dante primary, PTPv1 for
Dante secondary, and PTPv2 for Dante secondary.
While the PTP processes are asymmetrical, they do
share the same internal timing reference. The Model
5401A can also act as a PTPv1 and PTPv2 clock fol-
lower but that would typically be utilized only for test
purposes. Standard and Redundant Dante (no AES67
support) uses PTPv1 and that is always enabled in
the Model 5401A. AES67 utilizes PTPv2 clocking
and if support for AES67 is desired within the Dante
environment it must be enabled using a configuration
setting in the Dante Controller application.
The Model 5401A’s Main menu has four fields that
display the real-time sync status of the PTPv1 and
PTPv2 functions for the Dante primary and Dante
secondary interfaces. If the network configuration in
Dante Controller for this specific Model 5401A has
been selected for Switched or Switched+Mgmt the
clocking status of the Dante primary interface will be
displayed. In this situation, the Dante primary PTPv1
interface will show Leader, Follower, Link Down, or
Error (with the latter showing in red text). If AES67
support is enabled in Dante Controller then the same
choices will also be displayed in the primary PTPv2
field. If AES67 support is not enabled then Disabled
will show in the primary PTPv2 field. Since Dante
secondary is not enabled then the secondary PTPv1
and secondary PTPv2 fields will show Disabled.
If the Model 5401A’s network configuration has been
selected for Redundant or Redundant+Mgmt then
both the primary PTPv1 and secondary PTPv1 sync
status fields will display their respective sync status.
They will show the same choices as described above:
Leader, Follower, Link Down, or Error (with the latter
showing in red text). If AES67 support is enabled in
Dante Controller then the same choices will also be
displayed in the primary PTPv2 and secondary PTPv2
fields. If AES67 support is not enabled then Disabled
will show in both the primary PTPv2 and secondary
PTPv2 fields.
Should Leader be displayed in a specific field it would
indicates that this specific Model 5401A is acting as
the Leader clock for the Dante network and clock func-
tion associated with that field. If Follower is displayed
this indicates that this specific Model 5401A is obtain-
ing its timing reference from another Dante device on
the network. This would be the current display if this
specific Model 5401A was serving as a “hot” standby
Dante Leader clock.
If Link Down is displayed this will indicate that a valid
Ethernet connection has not been made to the RJ45
jack associated with that field’s Model 5401A’s Eth-
ernet interface. A display of Error would indicate that
this specific Model 5401A is having a permanent or
temporary issue with its internal circuitry. There may
be occasions where Error would display for a few
seconds while Model 5401A circuitry first becomes
active.

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Sync Input Menu
The Sync Input menu has parameters that are related to the Model 5401A’s sync input. This allows an external
source of timing to be connected to the Model 5401A by way of a BNC jack that is located on the unit’s back
panel.
Lock Status: This is a display-only field that can
show Unlocked, Locked followed by one of the word
clock rates, Locked followed by one of the video rates,
or Locked (10 MHz). It’s also possible that it could
display Error which would indicate a Model 5401A
hardware problem. This would be a rare occurrence
and, in this case, contacting the factory would be
recommended.
This field reflects the operation of the Model 5401A’s
sync input circuitry. Unlocked will display if no signal
source is connected or if the connected source doesn’t
match the selected sync input type. For example,
Unlocked will display if Word Clock has been selected
as the sync input type but a video sync signal has
been connected. The detected rate will be displayed
following the term Locked whenever the sync input
is locked to the connected signal. If this is a word
clock signal then one of the six compatible rates will
be displayed: 44.1, 48, 88.2, 96, 176.4, or 192 kHz.
If Locked displays due to a video source being con-
nected then the actual rate/format characteristics will
also be displayed. If the sync input is locked due to
a 10 MHz signal being recognized then Locked (10
MHz) will display. The compatible sync input sources
are listed in Appendix A of this guide.
Unlocked will be displayed, in the text color red, if the
sync input has been selected on the Main menu as
the Model 5401A’s clock source but either no signal is
connected to the sync input or a non-compatible signal
is connected. A non-compatible signal would include
a sync input type being selected for Word Clock and
then a word clock signal at a different rate than the
current Dante sample rate is connected. For example,
an incompatible situation would be where the current
Dante sample rate is 48 kHz but the connected word
clock signal is 96 kHz. Probably the most common
non-compatible signal would be a situation where a
video reference signal is connected to the sync input
but the sync input type was left at the default (Word
Clock) rather than being selected for Video.
Current Dante Sample Rate: This is a display-only
field that can show 44.1 kHz, 48 kHz, 88.2 kHz, 96
kHz, 176.4 kHz, or 192 kHz. It can also display Error
in the unlikely event that there is an issue with the
Brooklyn II module that provides the Model 5401A’s
Dante interface.
This field displays the Model 5401A’s currently se-
lected sample rate as used by the Model 5401A’s
Dante transmitter (output) channels. The Dante