Tahoe 4681 User manual

User Manual
Tahoe 4681
(4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)


User Manual
Ta h o e 4 6 81
(4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)

II
Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card) User Manual
Firmware version 1.3.0
Published July 2006
©2005-2006 Tahoe. All rights reserved.
Trademarks of other companies are used only for explanation and to the owner’s benefit, without
intent to infringe.
THE SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION REGARDING THE PRODUCTS IN THIS MANUAL ARE
SUBJECT TO CHANGE WITHOUT NOTICE. ALL STATEMENTS, INFORMATION, AND RECOMMENDA-
TIONS IN THIS MANUAL ARE BELIEVED TO BE ACCURATE, BUT ARE PRESENTED WITHOUT WAR-
RANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND TAHOE MAKES NO COMMITMENT TO UPDATE
THE INFORMATION CONTAINTED HERE.
NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER WARRANTY HEREIN, ALL DOCUMENT FILES AND SOFTWARE
OF THESE SUPPLIERS ARE PROVIDED “AS IS”. TAHOE DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR
IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THOSE OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PAR-
TICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT OR ARISING FROM A COURSE OF DEALING, USAGE,
OR TRADE PRACTICE.
IN NO EVENT SHALL TAHOE BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCI-
DENTAL DAMAGES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, LOST PROFITS OR LOSS OR DAMAGE TO
DATA ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THIS MANUAL.

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Contents
Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................1
Front Panel ..............................................................................................................................................1
Leased Line..............................................................................................................................................1
LAN ..........................................................................................................................................................2
Status LEDs .............................................................................................................................................2
Installation.................................................................................................................................................3
Advanced Configuration and Management ......................................................................................5
Telnet Connection..................................................................................................................................5
Internal Backplane Connection...........................................................................................................5
Commands Summary ...........................................................................................................................6
DHCP Server Configuration ..............................................................................................................25
Appendix A, Troubleshooting.............................................................................................................31
Appendix B, Technical Specification.................................................................................................32
Appendix C, Safety Information ........................................................................................................33
Appendix D, Declaration of Conformity..........................................................................................35

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Preface
About this Manual
is manual contains following chapters:
Chapter 1, Introduction An overview of the modem, description of its interfaces
and features
Chapter 2, Installation How to install the card in a DSL Access Multiplexer
Chapter 3, Advanced Configuration
and Management
List of commands used to configure the modem using
serial console or telnet connection
Appendix A, Troubleshooting Description of typical problems that may occur during
use of the modem
Appendix B, Technical Specification Parameters of the modem
Appendix C, Safety Information Important information about hazards involved with us-
age of electrical devices
Appendix D, Declaration of Con-
formity
Information about compliance to European standards

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Document Conventions
is manual uses following conventions:
boldface font Commands and keywords
< > Arguments for which you have to supply values
[ ] Optional arguments
{ a | b | c } Alternative arguments
[ a | b | c ] Alternative optional arguments
typewriter font Information displayed during a serial or telnet connection
boldface
typewriter font
Information that must be entered during a serial or telnet
connection
LCD font Information displayed on the LCD
Note Notes contain helpful suggestions that may be worth
remembering
Caution is symbol means a situation that requires you to be careful.
Otherwise equipment damage or loss of data may occur.
Warning is warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that
could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment,
be aware of the hazards involved with electrical circuitry and be
familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents.

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Introduction
ank you for purchasing the Tahoe 4681 modem card. We did our best to ensure highest stand-
ard of reliability and performance of our products. Devoting many years of research and devel-
opment we are proud to provide a superior quality device unfolding new possibilities for the use
of the copper lines.
Tahoe 4681 modem card contains four G.shdsl.bis modems which allow data transmission with
speeds up to 5696 kbps on a 2-wire line, 11392 kbps on a 4-wire line and 22784 kbps on an 8-wire
line. anks to powerful TCPAM-32 modulation throughputs are much higher than using HDSL
technology and reach is nearly twice that of VDSL.
Front Panel
Leased Line
Four 6-pin RJ-11 connectors are used to connect the leased lines. e polarization of a line is not
important.
Pin Signal
1-
2-
3 line
4 line
5-
6-

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
LAN
e Fast Ethernet interface is used to connect the modem to the Local Area Network (LAN).
It may work at speeds of 10 Mbps (10Base-T) or 100 Mbps (100Base-Tx), in full-duplex or half-
duplex mode. e mode of transmission is selected automatically, although a specific setting can
be forced.
Modem should be connected to an Ethernet switch or a hub using a straight patch-cord or to a
PC, a router or an uplink port in a switch using a crossed-over. Aer connecting the cable a LED
named “LAN Link” should light up.
Status LEDs
Besides LEDs on the LAN connector there are four LEDs representing state of the G.shdsl link.
ree behaviours of these LEDs are possible:
off – line is not connected, no signal is detected
blinking – line is in progress of synchronization
on – line is synchronized, the data stream may flow through the modem
LAN Link LAN Activity

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Installation
Before installing the card make sure that your working site is properly grounded. Hold the card by
the front panel handler and do not touch other components to prevent damage caused by electro-
static discharge.
To install the card in a DSL Access Multiplexer follow these steps:
Find an empty slot and remove a blank panel if the slot is covered:
Insert the card into the slot. Make sure that the card enters two red rails on the top and the
bottom:

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Tighten the card to the DSLAM using two screws:
e card can be inserted and removed without switching the power off. e DSLAM management
card will automatically detect new device and display its status on the LCD.
e card can be configured through a telnet connection or using the DSLAM management card.
Configuration using telnet is described in next chapter, while the management card configura-
tion is described in Tahoe Network Management Card User Manual.

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Advanced Configuration and Management
Telnet Connection
To connect to the modem the network interface on PC has to be in the same IP subnet as the mo-
dem. By default the modem’s Ethernet interface is set to 10.0.0.1 address and 255.0.0.0 netmask,
so the PC may have IP address set to 10.0.0.2 and the same netmask.
If the modem was already configured and the routing table is correctly set, a telnet connection
to its IP address is possible from anywhere in the network.
Aer connecting a password prompt will appear:
User Access Verification
Password:
e default password is “Tahoe” (case sensitive). If the password entered is correct, a command
prompt will appear:
Tahoe>
Internal Backplane Connection
If the telnet connection is not possible (e.g. there’s no telnet client available or the modem’s IP
address is unknown), you can connect to the modem through the main DSLAM management
card and the internal backplane. Aer connecting to the management card (using telnet or serial
console) type:
Tahoe> console connect <slot number>
You will get the same connection as if you were connected to the modem using telnet, i.e. the
regular command prompt appears:
Tahoe>

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Commands Summary
Complete command set
? displays command list
arp ARP table configuration
bridge bridge mode settings
bundle groups DSL lines into bundles
config displays current configuration
console console access settings
dhcp DHCP configuration
dsl G.shdsl line configuration
eepromdump dumps EEPROM (configuration memory) contents
eraseconfig erases EEPROM configuration
exit closes connection with modem
help displays command list
http web server configuration
ifconfig interface configuration
ipchains NAT/PAT/firewall settings
keypad LCD keyboard locking
lang language selection
lcd LCD text modification
masq NAT status
mem memory usage
mii MII (Ethernet) transceiver settings
more enables or disables ’more’ prompt
netstat TCP/IP connections list
ping checks network device availability
prompt changes command prompt
ps displays process list
quit closes connection with modem
reboot reboots modem
route routing table settings
snmp SNMP settings
strictarp forcing IP-MAC binding

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
syslog sending logs to remote syslogd
tech system information for tech support
telnet telnet server settings
tcpdump shows interface traffic
tp TFTP server settings
timeout login and session timeout settings
uptime shows router uptime
user user management
ver shows firmware version
vlan VLAN bridging configuration
wshowsrouteruptime
wake powers on a LAN station using Wake-On-LAN feature
watchdog watchdog settings
write writes settings to EEPROM
?
Shows a list of available commands.
arp
e arp command is used to configure the ARP table. e arp alone shows the list of bindings
between IP and hardware (MAC) addresses:
Tahoe> arp
IP address Hardware address Type Expires
10.0.0.2 00:50:04:0D :70:31 dy n a m ic 215s
Tahoe>
e “Type” can be “dynamic” (learnt from the network traffic), “static” (added manually) or
“proxy” (a proxy ARP entry). e value in the “Expires” column denotes the time le until the
ARP table entry removal. e ARP entries are removed when they are not used for 5 minutes.
ARP table entries can be deleted using arp del command:
Tahoe> a r p d e l 10.0.0.2
(insert the IP address to be deleted instead of “10.0.0.2”).

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
A static ARP entry can be added using arp add:
Tahoe> a r p a d d 10.0.0.3 00:50:13:E9:5C:01
A proxy ARP entry can also be added using arp add:
Tahoe> a r p a d d 10.0.0.4 p r o x y
When a proxy ARP entry is added, the modem will respond with its own MAC address to the
ARP requests asking of the specified IP address. anks to such a behaviour you may select an
IP address from the network connected to the Ethernet interface and assign it to the device on
the other end of WAN link. e modem will pretend to have that IP address, answer to ARP
requests and then forward received packets over the WAN link aer an appropriate routing entry
is added.
e dynamic hardware address resolution may be disabled using the ifconfig command. When
disabled, only those stations whose IP and MAC addresses are entered staticaly into the ARP
table using the arp add command are allowed to connect to the modem.
bridge
e bridge command enables or disables the bridge mode, in which two interconnected LANs
create united one in the hardware layer. e stations in both LANs behave like if they were con-
nected to one Ethernet switch, e.g. PCs working under Microso® Windows™ operating system
will see each other in the network neighbourhood.
Following settings are available:
off – regular TCP/IP (Layer 3) routing
on – the bridge mode is enabled, but the modem is still available under its IP address and
thus may be managed remotely
transparent – completely transparent bridge, modem does not respond to its IP address
dumb – the bridge mode is enabled, but no MAC address checking is performed. In the
regular bridge mode the modem checks on which interface (G.shdsl or LAN) the packet’s
destination MAC address was heard and decides whether to forward that packet or not. e
dumb mode does not do any MAC checking, thus is more efficient. It will work properly in
most cases, because the external Ethernet switch does the MAC checking on its own.
dumbtrans – a combination of two above modes, no MAC address check is performed and
the modem isn’t available under its IP address

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
Entering bridge list displays a list of MAC addresses with the name of the interface on which
certain address was heard.
If you select transparent or dumbtrans mode while being connected to the modem via telnet you
will loose the possibility of remote management (the modem will stop responding to its IP address).
us you’ll be unable to change that setting back to on or off remotely – you’ll have to change it lo-
cally by the serial console or built-in keyboard and LCD display.
To enable bridging the Cisco® HDLC link protocol should also be selected using the bundle or dsl
command (selected as factory default)
bundle
e bundle command allows grouping of several DSL lines into bundles and configures them.
ere are four WAN interfaces – wan0, wan1, wan2 and wan3.
bundle <interface>add <line number>– adds a line to a bundle:
Tahoe> bundle wan0 add 1
bundle <interface>del <line number>– removes a line from a bundle:
Tahoe> bundle wan0 del 1
bundle <interface>link { hdlc | raw | fr | ppp } – selects the link protocol
– Cisco® HDLC, raw HDLC, Frame Relay or synchronous PPP. e Cisco® HDLC proto-
col („hdlc” option) should be used in most cases, the others are provided for compatibility
only
bundle <interface> speed <value>– sets total throughput of a bundle. e speed
range depends on number of lines belonging to the bundle, i.e. 64 - 5696 kbps in case of one
line, 128 - 11392 kbps in case of two lines, etc. New speed is set aer renegotiating the DSL
connection.
bundle <interface> type {master |slave }– selects modem type of all lines in
the bundle. New type is set aer renegotiating the DSL connection. One modem should be
set as a Master, while the other one as a Slave
bundle <interface> mod { auto | tcpam32 | tcpam16 | tcpam8 | tcpam4
| pam16 | pam8 | pam4 | pam2 } – selects line coding (modulation type) of all lines
in the bundle. e TCPAM32 modulation is recommended, as it is the most efficient – the

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
rest is available to provide compatibility with devices from other manufacturers. Moreover
TCPAM32 allows throughputs from 256 kbps to 5696 kbps per line, while TCPAM16 – from
128 kbps to 2304 kbps and TCPAM4 – 64 kbps. e “auto” setting forces use of TCPAM32
for speeds greater than or equal to 256 kbps per line and TCPAM16 or TCPAM4 for lower
rates.
bundle <interface> txgain <value>– sets transmitter gain of all lines in the bundle.
e gain may be selected from 0.0 – 1.6 range. e modem reach may be slightly higher if the
gain is increased. New mode is set aer renegotiating the DSL connection.
bundle <interface> reset – renegotiates connection on all lines in the bundle
bundle show – shows current settings
config
e config command displays current configuration. e command output can be entered on
another modem to make an exact copy of the configuration.
console
is command is used to enable or disable password protection of the serial console. By default
the console is unprotected and user has full access to the modem. By entering:
Tahoe> console passwd on
the password requirement is enabled and modem will ask for it in the same manner as during the
telnet connection. To disable password protection type:
Tahoe> console passwd off
dhcp
e dhcp command is used to configure the DHCP server or DHCP relay. Refer to the DHCP
Server Configuration section for detailed information about that command.

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
dsl
is command is used to configure specific DSL line. Following options are available:
dsl <line> speed <value>– sets the throughput of a single line. e speed ranges from
from 64 to 5696 kbps. New speed is set aer renegotiating the DSL connection.
dsl <line> type { master | slave } – selects modem type. New type is set aer
renegotiating the DSL connection. One modem is always set as a master, while the other one
as a slave
dsl <line>mod { auto | tcpam32 | tcpam16 | tcpam8 | tcpam4 | pam16 |
pam8 | pam4 | pam2 } – selects line coding (modulation). e TCPAM32 modulation is
recommended, as it is the most efficient – the rest is available to provide compatibility with
devices from other manufacturers. e TCPAM32 allows throughputs from 256 kbps to
5696 kbps per line, while TCPAM16 – from 128 kbps to 2304 kbps and TCPAM4 – 64 kbps.
e auto setting forces use of TCPAM32 for speeds greater than or equal to 256 kbps per line
and TCPAM16 or TCPAM4 for lower rates.
dsl <line> txgain <value>– sets transmitter gain. e gain can range from 0.0 to
1.6. e modem reach may be slightly higher if the gain is increased. New mode is set aer
renegotiating the DSL connection.
dsl <line>reset – renegotiates connection
dsl show – shows current settings
eepromdump
is command displays the complete contents of the EEPROM (non-volatile) memory in hexa-
decimal form. It is used for debugging only.
eraseconfig
e eraseconfig command erases whole configuration from the EEPROM. Aer rebooting the
modem it will return to its factory defaults. Until the reboot it will continue to run with its cur-
rent settings, which can be saved again using write command.
exit
is command closes the configuration session and disconnects user from the modem.

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Tahoe 4681 (4-port G.shdsl.bis/FastEthernet modem card)
help
Shows a list of available commands.
http
e http command configures the built-in web server. It is used to provide an access to modem
statistics. Server can be enabled or disabled by entering, respectively:
http on
or
http off
e access to the server can be limited by entering:
Tahoe> http host <IP address>
en the server is only reachable from the given IP address. To remove the limitation enter
0.0.0.0 as the IP address.
ifconfig
at command allows configuring the network interfaces. Following interface names are avail-
able:
eth0 – Ethernet interface
eth0.1, eth0.2, etc. – VLAN networks (LAN networks separated from each other, al-
though using the same cabling)
wan0, wan1, etc. – G.shdsl bundle, the WAN interface
is command has similar syntax as the Linux ifconfig:
Tahoe> ifconfig < interface name> [<IP address>] [netmask <network mask>]
[bcast <broadcast address>] [ static | dynamic ] [bridge { on | off }]
e ifconfig alone displays information about all active interfaces. Entering ifconfig <interface
name> shows information about a specific interface. An information about the interface’s IP ad-
dress, number of packets and bytes sent and received, number of transmission errors and other
important data is displayed.
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