Tarm Biomass Solo Plus 30 User manual

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
SOLO PLUS
Models 30, 40, and 60
Installation and Operations Manual
Wood-fired central heating boiler

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction >Table Of Contents Page i
1.0 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………….....1
1.1 Foreword………………………………………………………………………...…1
1.2 Units of Measure……………………………………………………………...……1
1.3 Installation and Warranty Requirements……………………………………..……1
2.0 System Description/Requirements………………..………...…………………...…...….3
2.1 Boiler Overview………………………………………………………………...….3
2.1.1 Cut Away View……………………………………………………….....3
2.1.2 Boiler Fabrication and Testing…….……………………………...……...4
2.1.3 Models and Applications………………………...…………………...….4
2.2 Boiler Function………………………………………………………………….....4
2.2.1 General Operation.…………………………………………………...…..4
2.2.2 Safety Systems……………...………………………………………...….5
2.2.3 Accessories…....…………………………………………………..……..5
2.3 Fuels…………………………………………………………………………...…...6
2.4 Building Requirements………………………………………………………..…...7
2.5 Owner Responsibilities……………………………………………………..….…..7
3.0 Boiler Installation and Startup…………………………………………………...……...8
3.1 Planning…………………………………………………………………………....9
3.1.1 Sizing the Boiler……………………………………………………..…..9
3.1.2 Choosing an Installer……………………………………………..……...9
3.1.3 Locating the Boiler and Boiler Clearances..………………………...…...9
3.1.4 Plumbing and Mechanical……………………………………………....11
3.1.5 Electrical…………………………………………………………….….12
3.2 Preparing the Chimney…………………………………………………………...12
3.2.1 Outside Combustion Air………………………………………………..14
3.3 Setting the Boiler………………………………………………………………....14
3.3.1 Receiving the Boiler……………………………………………...….…14
3.3.2 Boiler Checklist...………………………………………………….…...15
3.3.3 Temporary Storage..………………………………………………....…16
3.3.4 Moving the Boiler……………………………………………………....16
3.3.5 Boiler Set-Up…………………………………………………………...16
3.4 Connections to the Boiler……………………………………………………...…20
3.4.1 Chimney Connection………………………………………………...…20
3.4.2 Safety Plumbing……………….………………………………………..21
3.4.3 Plumbing Connections...……………..…………………….………......22
3.4.4 Pipe Connection-Choice of Material...……………...……………….…24
3.4.5 Expansion Tank…………………………………………...…………....24
3.4.6 Pump Size……………………………………………...…………….…24
3.4.7 Installation of Optional Domestic Hot Water Coil………………….….24
Section Page

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
Introduction >Table Of Contents Page ii
Section Page
3.4.8 Installing the 339N Probe Thermometer.………...………...…….…….26
3.4.9 Installing the Optional Turbulators…………………..……….………...26
3.4.10 Control Logic……….…………………….………..………..….……..27
3.4.11 Electrical Connections………...…………………………..……...…...30
3.4.12 Boiler Control Panel Connections.…………………………...……….30
3.4.13 Description of Functions……………………………..….….…………30
3.4.14 Operating Thermostat……...………………………..…...…...……….30
3.4.15 Lo-Limit Thermostat.………………………………………...….……30
3.5 Commissioning the Boiler…………...……………………………...……..……..31
3.5.1 Safety Plumbing…………………………………………...…….…..….31
3.5.2 Filling and Venting………………………………………...…….....…..32
3.5.3 Final Installation Checklist………………………………...……..….....32
3.5.4 Combustion and Performance Testing……...…………..………..…….33
4.0 Boiler Operation, Maintenance, and Service……………………………………...…..34
4.1 Control Panel Orientation…………………………………………………..…….34
4.2 Items to Check Before Using……………………………………………..…...….36
4.3 Starting the Boiler…………………………………………………………..…….36
4.4 Adding Wood………………………………………………………...…………...38
4.4.1 Adding Wood When the Draft Fan is OFF (Boiler at Operating Temperature)…..38
4.4.2 Adding Wood When the Draft Fan is OFF (Boiler Temperature below 140ºF (60ºC))....38
4.4.3 Adding Wood When the Draft fan is ON…………………………..…..38
4.5 Daily Firing……………………………………………………………...………..39
4.6 Shutting Down the Boiler………………………………………………..……….40
4.7 Operation with Thermal Storage System……………………………………..…..40
4.8 Creosote………………………………………………………………………......40
4.9 Combustion Process...………………………………………………………...…..41
4.10 Heat Output.……………………………………………………….………...…..41
4.11 Burn time……………………………………………………………………..…41
4.12 Primary Air Adjustment…………………………………………………….…..42
4.13 Secondary Air Adjustment………………………………………………….…..42
4.14 Firing Tips……………………………………………………………………....43
4.15 Operation During Summer……………………………………………………...43
4.16 Cleaning and Maintenance………………………………………….……….….44
4.16.1 Ash Removal……………………………………………….………....44
4.16.2 Smoke Box and Heat Exchanger Tube Cleaning…………………..…45
4.16.3 Cleaning the Draft Fan………….……………………….………..…..45
4.16.4 Maintaining Door Seals…………………………………….……..…..46
4.16.5 Cleaning the Primary Air Duct and Channels…………….……..…....46
4.16.6 Smoke Pipe Inspection and Cleaning……………………….…….…..47
4.16.7 Chimney Fires…………………....………………………….…….….48
4.16.8 Checking the Barometric Damper………………...……………..……48
4.16.9 Cleaning the Jacket………………….………………..….………..…..48
4.11.10 Check for Creosote Build-Up……….…………...…………….…….48
4.11.11 Seasonal Shutdown Procedure…………………….….….…………..48

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
Introduction >Table Of Contents Page iii
Section Page
4.16.12 Checking the Pressure Relief Valve……………………………....…48
4.16.13 Checking System Pressure…………………………………...…..…..49
4.16.14 Heat Storage System Maintenance………………………………..…49
4.12 Power Outages…………………………………………………………….…….49
5.0 Troubleshooting……………………………………………………………………..…..50
5.1 Troubleshooting Guide………………………………………………………..….50
5.2 Troubleshooting Flow Chart………...………………………………….…..…….51
6.0 Data and Drawings…………………………………………………………………..….52
6.1 Measurement Data…………………………………………………………...…...52
6.2 Positioning Data………………………………………………………………......53
6.3 Specification Data………………………………………...……………………....54
6.4 Electrical Diagrams…………………………………………………………….....55
6.4.1 Overheat and Circulator Aquastat Wiring Connections…..……………55
6.4.2 Boiler Wire Connections Diagram...………………………………...….56
6.4.3 Boiler Circuit Ladder Diagram….…………………………………..….57
6.4.4 Control Panel………………………………………………………..….58
6.4.5 BLTCONTROL Electrical Diagram………………………………..…..59
66.6 Parts Lists………………………………………………………………………..60
6.6.1 Solo Plus 30, 40, and 60 Parts List.…...………………………………..61
7.0 Warranty Information………………………………………………………………......63
7.1 Warranty…………………………………………………..…………………..….63
8.0 Installation Report for Boiler System………………………………………….….…...65
Appendix A-Temperature Conversion……………………………….……………….…...66
Appendix B-Listing Label……………………………………………………………….….67
Notes…….………………………………………………………………………………..…..68

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Foreword
SAVE THIS INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR FUTURE REFERENCE
Congratulations on your purchase of the Scandtec Solo Plus log wood boiler from
Tarm Biomass!
The Solo Plus boiler is produced using the highest quality materials and a modern production system.
The use of high technology laser cutting and robotic welding system, accompanied by time honored
European design, craftsmanship and attention to detail, results in a long lasting boiler with unmatched
fit and finish.
With proper installation, operation and maintenance your Tarm Biomass Solo Plus log wood boiler
will provide years of safe, dependable, economic and earth friendly heating.
This manual contains paragraphs that require your special attention. These paragraphs are marked
with the symbols described below:
Warning: there is a risk of an accident of personal injury or serious damage to the property.
☼Caution: there is a risk of damaging the boiler or its individual components.
1.2 Units of Measurement
Most hardware and fittings on the boiler are metric (some plumbing fittings are British Straight
Thread). In this manual the convention used for dimensions is that values are presented in English
units, followed by metric units in parenthesis, for example: 6‖ (152 mm).
Note: A conversion table between Centigrade and Fahrenheit is provided in Appendix A. In this
manual temperatures are presented first as degrees Centigrade then as degrees Fahrenheit in parenthe-
sis, for example: 80°C (176°F).
1.3 Installation and Warranty Requirements
It is strongly recommended that the installer resist the temptation to simply get started without reading
this manual. Hours of time and frustration can be prevented by a simple understanding of this product.
This manual has been written with much care and thought. We want the first time installer to find in-
stallation as simple as for the experienced installer. Time spent reading now will save more time in the
long run. Failure to follow these instructions could result in property damage, bodily injury, or
death.
Introduction > Foreword Page 1

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
This product is provided with a limited warranty which is described in Section 7.0 of this man-
ual. The warranty is contingent upon the successful and legal installation of the boiler At a mini-
mum:
 The installation, adjustment, start-up, service, and maintenance of this product must be
performed by a licensed professional heating system installer. Where applicable, the
installation must be inspected and accepted by the legally responsible entity.
 The instructions in this manual and in supporting documentation (additional instruc-
tions, diagrams, and component information provided by Tarm Biomass) must be explic-
itly followed. However, where the instructions are in conflict with local code require-
ments, the local code requirements will prevail. When in doubt, contact your local
dealer or Tarm Biomass.
 The manual and supporting documentation must be retained by the owner/ system op-
erator for reference and future use.
 The installer is responsible for familiarizing the owner/ system operator with all aspects
of boiler operations, safety procedures, monitoring and cleaning requirements, shut
down procedures, and annual maintenance requirements.
 Conditions described in the text of the warranty for keeping it in force must be followed
by the owner/ system operator.
Introduction > Foreword Page 2

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
2.0 System Description/Requirements
This section presents a general overview of the system, suitable fuels and installation requirements for
your Solo Plus boiler.
2.1 Boiler Overview
2.1.1 Cut-away Views
1. By-Pass Damper Handle
2. Control Panel
3. Load Door
4. Ash Door
5. Secondary Air Control
6. Sight Glass
7. Clean Out Cover
8. Boiler Serial Number Plate
9. Draft Fan
10. Flue Outlet
11. Smoke Box
12. Heat Exchanger Tubes
13. Firebox
14. Gasification Tunnel
2
3
4
6
7 9
10
11
12
13
14
5
1
8
System Description/Requirements > Boiler Overview Page 3

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
2.1.2 Boiler Fabrication and Testing
The boiler is shipped on one pallet that includes the assembled boiler. Depending on accessories pur-
chased with the boiler, additional packages for accessories may be loaded into the firebox or attached
to the pallet. The boiler is shipped with the refractory bricks installed.
Solo Plus boilers have been tested and listed for safety and performance for the U S and Canadian
markets by OMNI Test Laboratories, Inc.. The test standards used are UL 391 and CAN/CSA B366,
and 1-M91. The boilers are UL listed. The boiler is not ASME stamped. The installer should follow
local or state installation requirements.
The Solo Plus wood gasification boiler is a log wood fired boiler designed and constructed for highly
efficient combustion of log wood. Do not burn other fuels in the Tarm Biomass Solo Plus boiler. The
Solo Plus is not a self contained weather-tight boiler. It should be installed within the heated building.
2.1.3 Models and Applications
Three Solo Plus models are available (the model 30, 40, and 60), with rated heat outputs of
102,000Btu/hr (30 kW), 140,000Btu/hr (40 kW), and 198,000Btuh/hr (60 kW), respectively. Specifi-
cation data for each Solo Plus boiler is provided in Section 6.3.
The boilers can be utilized as a single heat source, or in parallel with another boiler. They are appro-
priate for both residential and nonresidential applications, as well as applications using heat storage.
2.2 Boiler Function
2.2.1 General Operation
Provided below is a simplified discussion of operation of the boiler to provide a brief familiarization
with operation. Please refer to the cut-away view of the boiler in Section 2.1.1.
With the by-pass damper open (1), a small fire is kindled in the firebox (13). After the fire has been
established, the firebox is opened (3) and loaded with the batch of wood to be burned during this fir-
ing. After loading, the load door (3) is then closed. The by-pass damper (1) is pushed shut and the
draft fan (9) is turned on to force combustion gasses down through the base of the firebox where sec-
ondary air is injected. After leaving the firebox, the gases and secondary combustion air enter the re-
fractory tunnel (14) where in a turbulent environment the gasification combustion takes place. This
gasification combustion produces gases with temperatures exceeding1800 ºF (980 ºC). This high tem-
perature combustion is extremely efficient and virtually smoke and creosote free. The hot gases then
pass along the bottom of the boiler toward the back, where they rise upward through the heat ex-
changer tubes (12) transferring heat to water in the boiler and exit through the flue outlet (10).
The boiler serial number plate (8) indicates factory no. and type and other information required to
order spare parts. Factory no, and type can be noted in Section 8.
Detailed instructions for operating the Solo Plus boilers are given in Section 4 of this manual.
Product Description and Requirements for Safe Operation > Boiler Fabrication and Testing Page 4

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
2.2.2 Safety Systems
The boiler has internal safety systems to prevent damage to equipment in case two unlikely conditions
occur. The conditions prevented are:
Pressure in the boiler exceeding 30 psi (2 bars) (over pressure)
Boiler water temperature exceeding 212ºF (100 ºC)
To prevent an over-pressure condition, an ASME stamped pressure relief valve (provided) installed
on the boiler supply piping opens at 30 psi (2 bars) to relieve the boiler pressure (each boiler has been
designed and factory tested to 65 psi or 4 bars).
In an over-temperature situation, where the boiler reaches 212 ºF (100 ºC), the overheat aquastat will
activate the circulator controlling the largest heating zone to help cool the boiler.
A gravity over-heat dump loop is also required. In the event of a power failure this loop should provide
dissipation for at least 10% of the boiler’s maximum rated output, assuming an ambient temperature of
65 ºF (18 ºC). in the area heated by the loop, and a mean water temperature of 180 ºF (82 ºC) (see Sec-
tion 3.4.2).
2.2.4 Accessories
The boiler is shipped with loose and installing parts. See Section 3.3.2 for a complete listing of these
parts. Cleaning tools are provided with the boiler.
A barometric damper (draft stabilizer) is available for regulating chimney draft.
Plumbing around the boiler must include a three-port mixing valve in the orientation shown on instal-
lation drawing. The valve must be a Termovar Model 4440A-3 or equal with a 140-160 ºF (60-72 ºC)
element. Tarm Biomass provides this valve at an extra cost.
A flue thermometer (Part #3339N) is highly recommended to help monitor the performance of the
Solo Plus. This part is available from Tarm Biomass .
Thermal storage systems are available from Tarm Biomass. The most efficient and convenient op-
eration of gasification cordwood boilers is one that includes a thermal storage tank . Therefore, while
not required for operation of the Solo Plus boiler, the use of a thermal storage tank is encouraged by
Tarm Biomass. Cordwood boilers are typically sized so that the boiler’s maximum heat output is
greater than the heating requirements of the house. ―Extra‖ heat produced by the boiler is transferred
to the storage tank for use later. Water in the insulated thermal storage tank absorbs the heat produced
at maximum boiler output until the wood is consumed and the boiler shuts off. Heat is recovered from
the storage tank as needed for heating and domestic hot water use. By storing boiler heat in an insu-
lated thermal storage tank, you gain increased operating flexibility and you can burn the boiler at full
output with the cleanest and most efficient operation. Because of the heat buffer provided by the heat
storage system, you are free to fire the boiler when it is convenient. On most days in the winter you
will only need to load the boiler once in 24 hours with some tank packages. In summer you will be
able to go 4-10 days between firings to heat all your domestic hot water.
Tarm Biomass offers both open atmospheric and pressure type thermal storage tank systems. Please
contact Tarm Biomass or your local Tarm Biomass dealer to help recommend a thermal storage sys-
tem for your Solo Plus gasification boiler.
Product Description and Requirements for Safe Operation > Safety Systems Page 5

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
2.3 Fuels
The Solo Plus is made to burn natural firewood. Both hardwood and softwood are suitable, but oak
should not be burned as the only source of wood for long periods because of its high acid content.
Do not burn other fuels in this boiler!
Wood is an environmentally desirable fuel as it is locally produced, renewable, and CO2neutral. The
boiler will burn natural cord wood with high efficiency and low emissions. To fully realize the best
operation and clean burning potential of the boiler, wood should be dry and properly split. With wet
wood, above 20% moisture, the boiler will be much less efficient, produce less heat and may result in
problematic operation. Burning wet wood uses a substantial amount of the wood energy to evaporate
the water present in the wood, reducing the available energy for heat (Fig 2.2). Dry wood gives big
returns!
 Log length should be approximately 18 to 20‖ (460-510 mm).
 Pieces over 5 to 6‖ (130-150 mm) in diameter should be split.
 Moisture content should be 15-25% for best operation.
To promote faster drying of firewood, it should be cut to length, split and stacked loosely off the
ground with maximum exposure to the sun and wind circulation through the stack. Cover only the top
of the stack (at an angle to allow moisture to run off) to keep out rain and snow. If during the heating
season wood is stacked in the basement, using a fan to circulate air around it will facilitate faster wood
drying.
Product Description and Requirements for Safe Operation > Fuels Page 6
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
100
Moisture %
Btu/Lb
Fig 2.2
This chart shows how many Btu’s are lost by burning fuel with higher moisture content. We recommend
fuel with a moisture content of 20% or less.
WARNING
If a fan is used in the fuel storage area, they should be installed so as not to create negative
pressures in the room where the solid-fuel burning appliance is located.

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
Always try to have two years of wood supply on hand so that the wood being burned has been cut,
split and stacked under cover for a year. Some varieties of wood may take 1½ years to dry adequately.
If live trees are cut in the spring or summer let them lie for a while, until the leaves wither. As the
leaves wilt, they will draw moisture from the bark and wood, drying it more quickly than if the trees
are limbed immediately. If buying firewood, spring or early summer is usually the best time to pur-
chase it.
No matter what species of tree it comes from, roughly the same amount of heat is produced from a
pound of wood. But wood is not sold by the pound; it is sold by volume—by the cord. Therefore, the
dense, heavy woods are the best ones to buy because they have more pounds per cord.
2.4 Building Requirements
 The boiler must be connected to a tile-lined masonry chimney or to a factory-built Type UL
103 HT (ULC S629 in Canada) approved chimney in good condition. See the details in Sec-
tion 3.2
 A dedicated supply of fresh combustion air provided near the boiler is recommended for effi-
cient, safe operation. This supply must not be directly connected to the boiler.
 A dedicated 120 VAC power supply is required. (See Section 3.4.9)
 Revision of existing heating system piping may be appropriate to properly utilize the equip-
ment. Although Tarm Biomass can provide advice and design detail on the integration of this
boiler with the heating system of the building, the ultimate responsibility for the performance
of the system rests with the installer.
 Please observe the guidelines and the various national and local regulations.
 Solo Plus boilers are designed and approved as heaters for hot water systems with permissible
outflow temperatures of up to 203 ºF (95 ºC).
2.5 Owner Responsibilities
Successful operation of this boiler will require daily involvement by the owner/system operator.
Biomass boilers operate differently from fossil fuel boilers, requiring more oversight and a diligent
cleaning regimen. Not following the instructions can result in lower efficiency and environmental pol-
lution because the desired clean flue gas is not obtained. Furthermore, misapplication will reduce the
boiler’s life. The correct operation and installation is the best guarantee of a properly operating boiler
with a long lifetime and less pollution. It is a prerequisite that the user has the will and the right atti-
tude towards firing with wood.
 The owner/system operator is responsible for correct operation of the boiler per guidelines in
Sections 4.0 and 5.0 of this manual.
 Incorrect operation can reduce the boiler life.
 If an unsafe condition occurs it is to be repaired as soon as possible by a qualified serviceper-
son. Outlets, ventilating ducts, fresh air conduits and others must not be closed or clogged.
Product Description and Requirements for Safe Operation > Building Requirements Page 7
WARNING
This boiler is designed to burn wood. Both hard and soft woods may be used, but under no
circumstances should coal or small pieces of wood waste that can fall through the center
slot in the refractory be burned. Do Not Burn Coal, Painted, Creosoted, or Pressure
Treated Wood

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.0 Boiler Installation & Start-up
This section describes the steps to installing and starting-up the boiler. This section is directed at the installer.
Before beginning installation contact local building or fire officials, as the installation must be done in
accordance with local ordinances that may differ in some ways from this manual. The local building
official is the final authority for approving installations as safe and determining that it meets local and
state codes.
The metal testing and listing label, permanently attached to the top of your Solo Plus boiler indicates
that the boiler has been tested to current UL and CSA standards and gives the name of the testing labo-
ratory. When the boiler is installed according to the information both on the label and in this manual,
local authorities in most cases will accept the label as evidence that the installation meets codes and
can be approved.
Failure to follow these installation instructions and guidelines may result in a dangerous situation.
Follow the instructions and do not allow makeshift compromises to endanger property or personal
safety.
Please note that the installation instructions refer to specific makes of controls and accessories.
Equivalent makes and models of these devices may be used successfully. The installing contractor is
the best judge of a system's specific requirements, as well as of local availability of different devices.
However, be certain that no substitutions are made for the standard safety equipment, control panel
and relief valves that we have supplied with the boiler. The installation of these devices is absolutely
necessary for safe operation of the boiler and for protection of the heating system.
Product Description and Requirements for Safe Operation > Owner Responsibilities Page 8
CAUTION
☼Throughout this manual, safety considerations are noted and discussed. A few general safety
considerations to be considered are:
 Safety faults or deficiencies with the boiler or installation must be rectified as quickly as
possible. Either by the owner/system operator or the installer.
 Outlet pipes, ventilation channels, fresh air openings, etc. must not be closed or blocked.
 Do not burn garbage, gasoline, gasoline-type lantern fuel, kerosene, charcoal lighter
fluid, drain oil, or similar liquids to start or ―freshen up‖ a fire in the boiler.
 BOILER IS HOT WHILE IN OPERATION. KEEP CHILDREN, CLOTHING,
ANIMALS, AND FURNITURE AWAY. CONTACT MAY CAUSE SKIN BURNS.
DO NOT TOUCH DURING OPERATION.
 Keep all flammable liquids and combustibles well away from the boiler while it is in
use. Do not store fuel or other combustible material within the described installation
clearances.
 Do not operate with flue draft exceeding –.10‖ (-2.54 mm) water column.
 Do not operate with fuel loading or ash removal doors open.

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.1 Planning
3.1.1 Sizing the Boiler
It is critical to size the boiler properly. A proper, up to date heat load calculation is advised. An accu-
rate history of building fuel usage over several years can help to calculate the proper size boiler.
Boiler sizing is the responsibility of the installer. Tarm Biomass bears no responsibility for boiler
sizing, but can provide sizing input.
3.1.2 Choosing an Installer
Choosing a competent, licensed installer is critical to the successful installation of the boiler. The
installer is responsible for all planning, installation, start-up, troubleshooting, owner training, and an-
nual maintenance for the boiler. Some aspects of the system piping, start-up, and operation may differ
from normal practice in fossil fuel boiler installation. To be successful, the installer must study this
manual, follow conceptual drawings and instructions provided, understand the installation tasks, and
contact Tarm Biomass for help when necessary.
3.1.3 Locating the Boiler and Boiler Clearances
The boiler must be installed with the minimum installation clearances to combustible materials out-
lined on the next page. Clearances may only be reduced by means approved by the regulatory authori-
ties.
 The boiler is not suitable for outdoor installation. It must be located in a weather-tight, pro-
tected space.
 The boiler must be placed on a level, non-combustible floor, such as a concrete slab on earth.
If you have the boiler 8‖ (203 mm) above the floor it makes it easier to load and clean the
boiler.
 If the boiler is placed near inhabited rooms, so that flue gas can easily penetrate into these
rooms, a carbon monoxide alarm must be installed that can give a warning regarding possible
escapes of carbon monoxide into the inhabited rooms.
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Planning Page 9
CAUTION
DO NOT INSTALL THIS BOILER IN A MOBILE HOME. There is no safe way this boiler
can be installed inside a mobile home.
☼

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
The boiler must be installed with the minimum installation clearances to combustible materials out-
lined below. Clearances may only be reduced by means approved by the regulatory authorities.
Clearances to Combustibles
Measurement Minimum Distance Notes
A-Backwall to Appliance 18‖ Minimum Distance
B-Sidewall to Appliance 8‖ Minimum Distance
C-Sidewall to Appliance 21‖ Minimum Distance on left or right side to allow clear-
ance for Cleaning and Maintenance Tasks.
D-Front of Appliance 36‖ Required Distance for Cleaning the Boiler.
E-Ceiling to Appliance 18‖ Required Distance for Cleaning the Boiler.
F-Combustibles to Pipe 18‖ Minimum Distance
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Locating the Boiler Page 10
A
B
C
F
B
D
E

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.1.4 Plumbing and Mechanical
The boiler must be connected to a suitable chimney. Chimney requirements are discussed in Section
3.2.
A dedicated supply of fresh combustion air should be provided near the boiler for efficient and safe
operation, but must not be directly connected to the boiler. (See Section 3.2.1).
For the heating system piping, it is possible to use either copper or iron piping materials. The supply
and return pipe should be insulated to avoid heat loss. Included in Section 6.5 are conceptual piping
diagrams showing the correct layout for a variety of situations. Tarm Biomass can provide additional
conceptual plumbing diagrams
A permanent pressurized domestic water supply must be provided with proper automatic filling and
pressure reduction valves.
Use of a suitable antifreeze mix is allowed, but will cause a loss in heat transfer efficiency.
If water quality is poor, water treatment additives should be considered. Boiler system water pH
should be 8.0-8.6.
A thermostatic mixing valve, set to open at 140-160 ºF (60-72 ºC), is required to temper return water
to prevent cold return water from reaching the boiler. This valve helps prevent boiler corrosion. Tarm
Biomass can provide this valve (part # K4440A3), at an additional cost
A circulator (Size and brand to be determined by the installer (not provided)) should be installed as
C3 per drawings suggested by Tarm Biomass.
An aquastat (Honeywell L4008B (provided)) must be installed to protect the boiler from over-
temperature conditions by energizing a chosen heating zone.
A tankless hot water coil is available for the Solo Plus, at an additional charge.
Tarm Biomass recommends the use of the BLTCONTROL (available through Tarm Biomass) when
burning the Solo Plus in conjunction with a back-up boiler and thermal storage system. The
BLTCONTROL is a three position control that allows switching between wood only, wood with
automatic back up, or back up only, by controlling the operation of the back up (auxiliary boiler).
BLTCONTROL takes input from a zone relay control and determines, based on thermal storage sys-
tem temperature, whether to pull heat from the thermal storage system or the back up auxiliary
boiler. The BLTCONTROL easily integrates the Solo Plus boiler and thermal storage system with
an existing fossil fuel heating system.
CAUTION
Any plastic or rubber tubing used with a Tarm Biomass boiler must have an oxygen barrier, or
boiler corrosion will occur. If radiant tubing without an oxygen barrier is installed, water in the
tubing part of the heating system must be separated from the boiler. Separation of system com-
ponents is typically done by using a heat exchanger. Use of radiant tubing without an oxygen
barrier will void the boiler warranty.
☼
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Plumbing and Mechanical Page 11

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.1.5 Electrical
For the Solo Plus boiler a 120 VAC, 60 hertz, 2-wire power supply is required. This electrical con-
nection should be from a dedicated 15 amp, circuit breaker. A master service switch for the boiler,
mounted on the wall in the proximity of the boiler, is recommended. Locally enforced electrical codes
must be followed.
3.2 Preparing the Chimney
The chimney is one of the most critical factors in the successful operation of any solid fuel heater, in-
cluding the Solo Plus boiler. A good chimney will provide a continuous and dependable draft to pull
the exhaust gasses out of the building.
Follow manufacturer’s installation instructions for installing and supporting any specific chimney
product.
Flue gas exhaust temperatures can be low enough to cause condensation in chimneys. Condensation
will, over time, damage a masonry chimney. Accordingly, installation of a stainless steel chimney
liner (made with 316 or AL-294C alloys) inside the chimney flue is strongly recommended.
At the connection to a factory-built chimney, a dripless adaptor must be used.
The chimney draft must be stable and between -0.025‖ (-0.6 mm) and -0.05‖ (-1.25 mm) water col-
umn.
The top of chimney must be 3 feet (0.9 m) above the roof and 2 feet (0.6 m) above any structure
within 10 feet (3.0 m) measured horizontally.
For the Solo Plus 30 and 40 best draft will be provided by a chimney which has an 6‖ (152 mm) ID
round flue, is 20-30 feet (6.0-9.0 m) in height and which is located inside the heated structure. The
Solo Plus 60 will need an 8‖ (203 mm) ID round flue. The chimney must be capable of maintaining a
breech draft of -0.05‖ WC (-1.25 mm) during normal boiler operation.
Your Solo Plus gasification boiler is designed to burn efficiently and with virtually clear emissions,
but under certain conditions creosote deposits can form in your chimney. Chimneys that are too large,
are poorly insulated, or have bends in the flue passages are especially prone to problems with draft
and/or creosote.
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Electrical Page 12
NOTE
The boiler must be connected to a tile-lined masonry chimney or to a Factory-Built Type UL
103 HT (ULC S629 in Canada) approved chimney. The chimney must be in good condition. If
the boiler is connected to a dirty or inadequate chimney, it can present a serious fire hazard.
All chimneys and connections must conform to NFPA standard #211. No other appliance
should be connected to this flue unless allowed by the local code authority. Consult your local
inspector for chimney requirements and install the boiler in accordance with all applicable
codes. Please review the following diagram before connecting the boiler to the chimney.

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
Fig 3.1
The smoke pipe connecting the boiler to the chimney flue must be black or stainless, have a minimum
thickness of 24 gauge, and rise a minimum of ¼‖ per foot of run toward the chimney (Fig3.1). Smoke
pipe sections must be attached to one another with a minimum of three sheet metal screws. The smoke
pipe should not contain more than two 90º elbows (45º elbows are preferred over 90º elbows).
MASONRY CHIMNEYS: Masonry chimneys must be lined, either with code-approved masonry or
pre-cast refractory tiles, stainless steel pipe, or poured in place liner. Do not use an unlined chimney
FACTORY BUILT CHIMNEYS: Factory built chimneys must be tested and listed for use with solid-
fuel burning appliances to the High Temperature (HT) Standard (2100 ˚F (1148 ˚C )), UL 103, for the
United States and High Temperature (1200 ºF(650 ˚C)) Standard ULCS-629 for Canada. Factory-
Built chimneys must be installed as per the manufacturers instructions.
Strong winds blowing across the top of a chimney or a chimney which has a particularly strong natural
draft can cause the Solo Plus boiler to continue burning (heating) when the draft fan is off. This should
not be allowed to happen because it can cause creosote formation and/or overheating of the boiler. The
solution to this problem of excessively high or irregular draft is to use a barometric draft regulator in
the smoke pipe.
Installation requirements for a barometric damper (draft regulator).
 The diameter of the draft regulator must be equal or greater than that of the chimney connector.
 The draft regulator should be installed as close as possible to the boiler, on the chimney con-
nection or on chimney itself.
 The draft regulator adjustment should be made with a vacuum gauge, if possible, with the
boiler operating at full output. If the start-up is made in warm weather, a readjustment may be
necessary in cold weather.
 If, at the maximum adjustment (maximum opening of the shutter of the draft stabilizer), the
draft is always higher than 0.05‖ (1.25 mm) of water column, a second draft regulator may be
required.
 Recommended draft regulator locations are shown in Fig 3.1 (position 1 or 2).
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Preparing the Chimney Page 13
Examples of Barometric Dampers
Fig 3.2
¼" per ft
0-4'
18" Clearance from
smoke pipe to all
combustibles
Min. 16"
above the
base of the
chimney
1
2

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.2.1 Outside Combustion Air
Provision for outside combustion air may be necessary to ensure that fuel-burning appliances do not
discharge products of combustion into the house. Guidelines to determine the need for additional
combustion air may not be adequate for every situation. If in doubt, it is advisable to provide addi-
tional air.
Outside air may be required if:
1. The solid fuel fired appliance does not draw steadily; experiences smoke roll out from the
loading door, burns poorly, or back-drafts whether or not there is combustion present.
2. Existing solid fuel fired equipment in the house, such as fireplaces or other heating appliances
smell, do not operate properly, suffer smoke roll out when opened, or back-draft whether or
not there is any combustion present.
3. Any of the above symptoms are alleviated by opening a window slightly on a calm (windless
day.
4. The house is built very tightly with a well sealed vapor barrier or foam type insulation and
tight fitting windows and/ or has any powered devices which exhaust in the house.
5. There is excessive condensation on windows in the winter.
6. A non-balancing ventilation system is installed in the house.
7. Where fans are used in the fuel storage area, they should be installed so as not to create nega-
tive pressures in the room where the boiler is located.
If these, or other indications, suggest that infiltration air is inadequate, additional combustion air
should be provided from the outdoors.
Solo Plus boilers are not suitable for direct connection to outside air. Outside air should be ducted to
no closer than 12‖ (305 mm) from the boiler. A 6‖ ( 152 mm) duct should be large enough for all sizes
unless the duct run is over 25 feet (7.6 m).
If a mechanical ventilation system (air exchange or heat recovery) is already present in the home it
may be able to provide sufficient combustion make-up air for the solid fuel fired appliance. The venti-
lation system may need to be re-balanced after installation of the Solo Plus.
3.3 Setting the Boiler
3.3.1 Receiving the Boiler
Boilers are shipped on a single skid. Loose materials are consolidated into boxes strapped to the skid
or placed inside the combustion area of the boiler. Please unpack the boxes and verify that the items
on the checklist have been supplied with the boiler (separate checklist is located on page 14). Make
certain that any damage or shortage is noted to the shipping receiver.
To move the unit into the boiler room the lift ring on the top of the boiler can be used.
To move the boiler around the inside of the boiler room rollers can be used under the boiler.
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Outside Combustion Air Page 14
NOTE
Canadian installations must conform to ANSI/NFPA outside air requirements of 1 sq. inch
(2.5 cm) per 1,000Btu/hr (.30 kW/hr).

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Boiler Checklist Page 15
3.3.2 Boiler Checklist
Item Description Part Number Quantity Included
Refractory Combustion Chamber (installed) 1
Ash removal/scraper tool 1
Cleaning Brush 1
By-Pass Damper (installed) 1
By-Pass Damper Bakelite Knob 1
Installation Manual 1
Leveling Studs 4
Draft Fan 1
Front Panel (installed) 1
Side Panel (installed) 1
Rear Panel (installed) 1
Top Panels (installed) 1
Loading Door (installed) 1
Ash Door (installed) 1
Boiler Control Panel (installed) 1
Boiler Pressure Relief Valve (Combraco 10-407-05, 30 psi 1
Overheat Aquastat (Honeywell L4008B) with ¾ immersion well 1
Flue Collar Adapter 1
Purge Vent (installed) 1
Unipac Hemp and Pipe Dope Kit 1
Solo Plus Boiler Kit Checklist
Please contact your dealer or Tarm Biomass immediately if any of the above items are missing! Tarm
Biomass reserves the right to substitute equivalent equipment for any of the accessories listed above.

Solo Plus Instructions 1-800-782-9927 Version 12-13
Tarm Biomass · 4 Britton Lane · Lyme, NH 03768
3.3.3 Temporary Storage
If the boiler installation is going to take place at a later date the boiler and components need to be
stored in a safe, dust-free, dry location. Moisture can damage the insulation, electrical components,
and ceramics. If boiler is subjected to this kind of environment, it could void the warranty.
3.3.4 Moving the Boiler
See Section 6.3 Specification Data for weights and measurements of the Solo Plus boiler. The boiler
is heavy and large. Moving the boiler into place requires planning and resources. The boiler may be
unloaded using a pallet jack or forklift. Alternately, it can be lifted from above by utilizing the lifting
rings welded to the top of the boiler.
3.3.5 Boiler Set-up
Boiler Installation & Start-up > Temporary Storage Page 16
After the packaging is removed, place the boiler in it’s planned location
on a non-combustible floor and positioned for the proper chimney con-
nection. The guidelines in Section 3.1.3 of this manual should be ob-
served!
Using the leveling studs that came with the boiler, level the boiler both
front to rear and side to side.
Mount the Honeywell L4008B (A) (overheat aquastat) and the single
gang electrical box (B) (not-supplied) to the back panel as shown. Feed
the control panel feed cable into electrical box (C). Be careful not to
kink the aquastat’s capillary tube (D).
B
D
C
A
WARNING
When the boiler is being moved or if a jacket panel is removed, the boiler’s outer front door
must be secured to the boiler with tape or removed to prevent the door from falling off and get-
ting damaged.