Toshiba T2100 Series User manual

T2100 Series
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1.1 Features
The Toshiba T2100/T2105 Series computers are one of the lightest and most advanced
portable computers available. Utilizing advanced technology and high-speed components, the
computer offers excellent display legibility, battery operation and IBM PC/AT compatibility.
References to the T2100, T2100CS, and T2100CT models relate directly to the T2105,
T2105CS, and T2105CT models respectively.
The T2100/T2105 Series computer system units consist of the following features:
❑Microprocessor
The SL Enhanced Intel 486DX2-50 microprocessor operates at 50 MHz, 3.3 Volts.
❑Math coprocessor
The math coprocessor is stored in the i486DX2 microprocessor.
❑Cache memory
Eight (8) KB of cache memory is stored in the i486DX2 microprocessor.
❑Disk storage
The T2100 has an internal 260 MB HDD.
The T2100CS/T2100CT has an internal 350 MB HDD.
A 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) supports 2 HD floppy disks (1.44 Mbytes) and
2DD floppy disks (720 Kbytes).
❑Memory
The T2100/T2100CS comes standard with 4 MB of CMOS Random Access Memory
(RAM), and the T2100CT comes with 8 MB RAM, 3.3 Volts. This includes 640 KB
of conventional memory with 3,264 KB of extended memory for the T2100/T2100CS
and 7,360 KB for the T2100CT, which can be utilized as expanded memory compat-
ible with the Lotus/Intel/Microsoft Expanded Memory Specifications (LIM-EMS).
❑Monochrome LCD (T2100)
A high-resolution, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) displays 640x480 pixels with 64-level
gray scale. The T2100 internal display controller supports Video Graphics Adapter
(VGA) functions on the internal display device.
❑STN color LCD (T2100CS)
A high-resolution, Supertwist Nematic (STN) color Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
displays 640x480 pixels with 256 colors. The T2100CS internal display controller
supports Video Graphics Array (VGA) and Super VGA (SVGA).

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T2100 Series
❑TFT color LCD (T2100CT)
A high-resolution, Thin Film Transistor (TFT), full color LCD displays 640x480 pixels
with a maximum of 64k of colors. The T2100CT internal display controller supports
VGA and super SVGA.
❑Keyboard
An easy-to-use 82/84-key enhanced keyboard with full-size keys and standard spacing
is compatible with IBM standard software. The computer's keyboard supports soft-
ware that uses a 101- or 102-key enhanced keyboard.
❑Batteries
The T2100/T2105 Series has three different batteries: a main battery, a backup
battery, and a Real Time Clock (RTC) battery.
❑Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) card slot
The T2100 Series computers have two PCMCIA slots which enable you to install an
MiNC Toshiba card modem or other industry-standard PCMCIA release 2.0 card.
The lower slot is 5.0 mm (Type II) or 10.5 mm (Type III). The upper slot is 5.0 mm
(Type II).
❑Parallel port
The Centronics-compatible parallel interface port supports the Enhanced Capability
Port (ECP) standard. The port can be used to connect a printer or other parallel
device.
❑RS-232-C port
The T2100/T2105 Series has one 9-pin serial interface port.
❑Keyboard port
The 6-pin keyboard port on the back can accommodate an IBM PS/2 keyboard.
❑Port replicator port
The port replicator port enables you to connect a port replicator to the computer. The
port replicator allows connection of a PS/2 mouse, parallel port, serial port, DC IN
socket, PS/2 keyboard, and external monitor.
❑External monitor port
The 15-pin external monitor port on the back can accommodate an external video
display.

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❑Memory module slot
The memory slot enables you to install an optional Toshiba memory module.
❑AccuPoint
The pointer control stick, located in the center of the keyboard, provides convenient
control of the cursor without requiring desk space for a mouse.

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T2100 Series
The T2100/T2105 Series Personal Computer is shown in Figure 1-1, and its system configura-
tion is illustrated in Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-1 T2100/T2105 Series personal computer

T2100 Series
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Figure 1-2 T2100/T2105 Series system unit configuration

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T2100 Series
1.2 System Unit Block Diagram
Figure 1-3 is a block diagram of the T2100/T2105 Series system unit.
Figure 1-3 T2100/T2105 Series system board block diagram

T2100 Series
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The T2100/T2105 Series system board contains the following functional components:
❑One SL Enhanced Intel 486DX2-50 32-bit math coprocessor.
i486DX2 operates at 50 MHz and 3.3 volts.
❑Standard RAM
4 Mbytes, two 1024 x 16-bit chips (T2100/T2100CS)
8 Mbytes, four 1024 x 16-bit chips (T2100CT)
5 volt operation
No parity bit
Access time: 70 ns
Data transfer is 32-bit width.
❑Cache memory
Eight (8) Kbytes of cache memory are stored inside the i486DX2.
Four-way set-associative method.
❑BIOS ROM (Flash EEPROM)
128 Kbytes (one 128Kx8-bit chip) of memory.
64 Kbytes are used for the system BIOS.
40 Kbytes are used for the VGA BIOS.
24 Kbytes are reserved.
Access time: 150 ns.
Data transfer is 8-bit width.
❑Video Ram
512 Kbytes (T2100).
1 Mbyte (T2100CS/T2100CT).
5 volt operation.
Access time: 70 ns.
❑Optional memory
One expansion memory slot is available for 4, 8, 16 and 24 Mbyte memory
modules.
Total maximum memory size is 28 Mbytes for the T2100/T2100CS and 32
Mbytes for the T2100CT (if a 24 Mbyte module card is installed.)
3.3 volt operation
No parity bit
Access time: 70 ns

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T2100 Series
❑A Super Integration (SI) Gate Array incorporates the following components:
- Two DMACs 8237
- Two PICs 8259 equivalent
- Two SIOs 16450 equivalent (One SIO is not used.)
- One PIT 8254 equivalent
- One FDC TC8565 equivalent
- One VFO TC8568 equivalent
- One I/O port decode
- One SIO port control
- One printer port control
- One FDD control
- One speaker control
- One power communication control
❑System Controller Gate Array (SYSCNT-GA)
This gate array has the following functions:
Memory control
DRAM control
CPU control
Bus control Compatible bus interface control
Compatible bus access control
DMAC control
I/O control
Address latch control
Address transfer
Address latch
DMA address generation
Refresh address generation
I/O register control
Compatible I/O port
Register storing at resume mode power off
Special register
Processing speed control
Data bus transfer (32-bit to 16-bit) control
Data latch
❑PCMCIA Controller Gate Array
PCMCIA (ToPIC) control
❑Video Controller Gate Array
The T2100/T2105 Series internal display controller (C&T65540) (3.3/5 volts
operation) controls the internal VGA display and external SVGA compatible
display.

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❑Keyboard Controller (KBC)
One M38802 chip is used.
The KBC, which includes the keyboard scan controller and keyboard interface
controller, controls the internal keyboard, external keyboard port, and PS/2
mouse port.
❑Real Time Clock (RTC)
A T9934 chip with 128 bytes of memory is used. Fourteen bytes of memory
are used for the calendar and clock, and the remaining 114 bytes are used for
system configuration data.
❑IO-CNT GA
This gate array has the following functions:
System interface
Hot key control (KBC interface)
PS interface
BIOS ROM interface
NEXUS GA function
❑AccuPoint Controller (U43SC11X)
This controller emulates the AccuPoint signals to the PS/2 mouse on the port
replicator signal, and sends them to the KBC.

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T2100 Series
1.3 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive
The T2100/T2105 Series 3.5-inch Floppy Disk Drive (FDD) is a thin, high-performance
reliable drive that supports 720 KB (formatted) 2DD and 1.44 MB (formatted) 2HD 3.5-inch
floppy disks.
The FDD is shown in Figure 1-4, and its specifications are listed in Table 1-1.
Figure 1-4 3.5-inch FDD
Table 1-1 3.5-inch FDD specifications
Item 2 MB mode 1 MB mode
Storage capacity (KB)
Unformatted 2,000 1,000
Formatted 1,311 737
Number of heads 2 2
Number of cylinders 80 80
Access time (ms)
Track to track 3 3
Average 181 181
Head settling time 15 15
Recording track density (tpi) 135 135
Data transfer rate (Kbps) 500 250
Rotation speed (rpm) 300 300
Recording method Modified Frequency Modulation (MFM)

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1.4 2.5-inch Hard Disk Drive
The Hard Disk Drive (HDD) is a random access, nonvolatile storage device. It has a non-
removable 2.5-inch magnetic disk and mini-winchester type magnetic heads.
The T2100 supports a 260 MB HDD. The T2100CS and T2100CT support a 350MB HDD.
An HDD is shown in Figure 1-5, and specifications for the HDDs are listed in Table 1-2.
Figure 1-5 2.5-inch HDD
Table 1-2 2.5-inch HDD specifications
260 MB 350 MB
MK1724FCV MK1824FCV CFL350A
Storage capacity (MB)
Formatted 262 352 350
Number of disks 2 2 2
Data heads 4 4 4
Data surfaces 4 4 4
Tracks per surface 1,920 2,050 905
Sectors per track 49 to 83 60 to 106 53 to 95
Bytes per sector (bps) 512 512 512
Access time (ms)
Track to track 3 3 3
Average 13 13 12
Maximum stroke 25 25 20
Rotation speed (rpm) 4,000 4,200 3,750
Data transfer rate (bps)
To/from media 18.9 to 31.6 M 25.0 to 43.75 M 19.0 to 32.0 M
Interleave 1:1 1:1 1:1
Recording method 1-7 RLL 1-7 RLL 1-7 RLL
Item

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T2100 Series
1.5 Keyboard
The 82-(USA) or 84-(European) key keyboard is mounted on the T2100/T2105 Series’s
system unit, and is connected to the keyboard controller on the system board through a 25-pin
flat cable.
The T2100/T2105 Series pointer control stick, located in the center of the keyboard, provides
convenient control of the cursor without requiring desk space for a mouse. The keyboard is
shown in Figure 1-6.
See Appendix F for optional keyboard configurations.
Figure 1-6 Keyboard

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1.6 Monochrome LCD (T2100)
The monochrome Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is composed of an LCD module, a Fluores-
cent Lamp (FL), and an FL inverter board.
1.6.1 Monochrome LCD Module
The T2100 monochrome LCD supports 640x480 pixels with a Video controller and 64 levels
of gray. The video controller includes the functions of the Video Graphics Array (VGA).
The LCD receives vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals, 8-bit data signals (4-bit upper
block data signals and 4-bit lower block data signals), and shift clock for data transmission.
All signals are CMOS-level compatible.
The sidelit LCD is shown in Figure 1-7, and its specifications are listed in Table 1-3.
Figure 1-7 Monochrome LCD
Table 1-3 Monochrome LCD specifications
Item Specifications
Number of dots (dots) 640 x 480
Dot pitch (mm) 0.30 (W) x 0.30 (H)
Display area (mm) 196 (W) x 147.6 (H)
Contrast 17:1 (minimum)
FL current (mA) 4.6
FL frequency (KHz) 40

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T2100 Series
1.6.2 Monochrome Fluorescent Lamp (FL) Inverter Board
The FL inverter board supplies high frequency current needed to illuminate the FL.
Specifications for the FL inverter board are listed in Table 1-4.
Table 1-4 Monochrome FL inverter board specifications
Item Specifications
Input Voltage (VDC) 5
Power (W) 4.25
Output Voltage (VAC) 1,100
Current (mA) 4.6
Frequency (KHz) 40

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1.7 STN Color LCD (T2100CS)
The STN Color Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) contains an LCD module, a Fluorescent Lamp
(FL), and an FL inverter board.
1.7.1 STN Color LCD Module
The T2100CS STN color LCD is backlit and supports 640x480 pixels with a Video control-
ler. This controller includes the functions of the Video Graphics Array (VGA).
The T2100CS’s LCD receives vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals, 16-bit data signal,
8-bit upper block data signal, 8-bit lower block data signal, and shift clock for data transmis-
sion. All signals are CMOS-level compatible.
The STN LCD is shown in Figure 1-8, and its specifications are listed in Table 1-5.
Figure 1-8 STN color LCD
Table 1-5 STN color LCD specifications
Item Specifications
Number of Dots (dots) 640 x 480
Dot pitch (mm) 0.33 x 0.33
Display area (mm) 217.2 (W) x 164.4 (H)
Contrast (Typically) 20:1
FL current (mA) 5.0
FL frequency (KHz) 40

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T2100 Series
1.7.2 STN Color Fluorescent Lamp (FL) Inverter Board
The FL inverter board supplies high frequency current to light the LCD’s Fluorescent Lamp.
Specifications for the FL inverter are listed in Table 1-6.
Table 1-6 STN color FL inverter board specifications
Item Specifications
Input Voltage (VDC) 5
Power (W) 4.25
Output Voltage (VAC) 1,100
Current (mA) 5.0
Frequency (KHz) 40

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1.8 TFT Color LCD (T2100CT)
The TFT Color Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) contains an LCD module, a Fluorescent Lamp
(FL), and an FL inverter board.
1.8.1 TFT Color LCD Module
The T2100CT TFT color LCD supports 640x480 pixels with an internal display controller.
This controller includes the functions of Video Graphics Array (VGA) and Super VGA
(SVGA) for an external display.
The LCD receives 12-bit data signals, data enable signals, and shift clock for data transmis-
sion. All signals are CMOS-level compatible.
The TFT LCD is shown in Figure 1-9, and its specifications are listed in Table 1-7.
Figure 1-9 TFT color LCD
Table 1-7 TFT color LCD specifications
Item Specifications
Number of dots (dots) 640 x 480
Dot pitch (mm) 0.267 (W) x 0.27 (H)
Display area (mm) 170.9 (W) x 129.6 (H)
Contrast 60:1 (minimum)
FL current (mA) 6.0
FL frequency (KHz) 40

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T2100 Series
1.8.2 TFT Color Fluorescent Lamp (FL) Inverter Board
The FL inverter board supplies high frequency current to light the LCD’s Fluorescent Lamp.
Specifications for the FL inverter are listed in Table 1-8.
Table 1-8 TFT FL inverter board specifications
Item Specifications
Input Voltage (VDC) 5
Power (W) 4.25
Output Voltage (VAC) 1,100 (r.m.s)
Current (mA) 6.0
Frequency (KHz) 40

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1.9 Power Supply
The power supply, which supplies five kinds of voltages to the T2100/T2105 Series system
board, has one microprocessor and operates at 500 KHz. The power supply performs the
following functions:
1. Determines if the AC cord or battery is connected to the computer.
2. Detects DC output and circuit malfunctions.
3. Controls the LED indicator and speaker.
4. Turns the battery charging system on and off and detects a fully charged battery.
5.Determines if the power can be turned on and off.
6.Provides more accurate detection of a low battery.
7.Calculates the remaining battery capacity.
The power supply output rating is specified in Table 1-9.
Table 1-9 Power supply output rating
DC Regulation Maximum
Use for Name voltage tolerance current Ripple
(V) (%) (mA) (mV)
System logic, FDD, HDD, VCC +5 ±5 1,400 100
Display
PCMCIA, Flash ROM P12V +12 ±5 100 240
CPU, GA B3V +3.3 ±5 1,100 60
VRAM, GA, RAM B5V +4.7 ±5 650 100

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T2100 Series
1.10 Batteries
The T2100/T2105 Series has three types of batteries:
❑Main battery pack
❑Backup battery
❑Real Time Clock (RTC) battery
Battery specifications are listed in Table 1-10.
Table 1-10 Battery specifications
Battery name Material Output voltage Capacity
Main battery Nickel Metal Hydride 12 V 2,600 mAh
Backup battery Nickel Metal Hydride 7.2 V 120 mAh
RTC battery Lithium-Vanadium 3.0 V 50 mAh
1.10.1 Main Battery
The removable main battery pack is the computer’s main power source when the AC power
cord is not attached. The main battery recharges the backup battery when the system's power
is on. The backup and main batteries maintain the state of the computer when you enable
AutoResume.
❑Battery Indicator
The Battery indicator is located on the front of the T2100/T2105 Series. The indica-
tor shows the status of the removable battery pack.
The status can be determined by color:
Orange The battery is being charged. (AC power cord is attached.)
Green The battery is fully charged. (AC power cord is attached.)
Blinking orange The battery is low when the power is on.
No light Under any other conditions, the LED does not light.