Wurth Elektronik THEMISTO-I User manual

USER MANUAL
THEMISTO-I
2609041191000
VERSION 1.6
JUNE 29, 2023

***************
MUST READ
Check for firmware updates
Before using the product make sure you use the most recent firmware version, data sheet
and user manual. This is especially important for Wireless Connectivity products that were
not purchased directly from Würth Elektronik eiSos. A firmware update on these respective
products may be required.
We strongly recommend to include in the customer system design, the possibility for a firmware
update of the product.

WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY & SENSORS
User manual Themisto-I
Revision history
Manual
version
FW
version
HW
version Notes Date
1.0 2.5.0 1.0 •Initial version October 2019
1.1 3.0.0 1.0
•Updated the firmware update
chapter
•Introduced description of
transparent mode and related
UserSettings and commands
June 2020
1.2 3.0.0 1.0 •Added known issue: RTS pin
behavior when switching from
command to transparent mode
August 2020
1.3 3.0.0 1.0
•The description in this user
manual of the bit sequence of the
user setting OpMode_Flags has
been corrected
March 2021
1.4 3.0.0 1.0
Added details on BOOT pin:
•Updated chapter Pinout
•Updated chapter Reference
design
•Updated chapter Quickstart
•Updated pulldown resistor value
for BOOT pin in section Update
via ACC software and UART
October 2021
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1.5 3.0.0 1.0
•Corrected HW revision
requirement in revision history.
Most recent hardware version is
1.0.0.
•New corporate design.
May 2023
1.6 3.0.0 1.0
•Added certificates in addition to
the required compliance
statements in chapter Regulatory
compliance information .
June 2023
?For firmware history see chapter Firmware history
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Abbreviations
Abbreviation Name Description
ACK Acknowledgement Acknowledgement pattern confirming the reception
of the transmitted data packet.
CS Checksum XOR checksum to check the correct transmission
of the prepended Bytes.
DC Duty cycle
Transmission time in relation of one hour. 1%
means, channel is occupied for 36 seconds per
hour.
FSE Field Sales Engineer Support and sales contact person responsible for
limited sales area.
0xhh [HEX] Hexadecimal
All numbers beginning with 0x are stated as
hexadecimal numbers. All other numbers are
decimal unless notified .
HIGH High signal level Signal level equals VCC.
LOW Low signal level Signal levels equals 0 Volts.
LPM Low power mode Operation mode for reduced power consumption.
LRM Long range mode Tx mode increasing the RX sensitivity by using
spreading and forward error correction.
LSB Least significant bit
MSB Most significant bit
PL Payload The real, non-redundant information in a frame /
packet.
RF Radio frequency Describes everything relating to the wireless
transmission.
UART
Universal
Asynchronous
Receiver Transmitter
The UART allows communicating with the module
of a specific interface.
US UserSettings
Any relation to a specific entry in the UserSettings
is marked in a special font and can be found in the
chapter 8 .
VCC Supply voltage
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Contents
Overview of helpful application notes 10
1. Introduction 11
1.1. Operational description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
1.2. Blockdiagram..................................... 12
1.3. Orderinginformation................................. 12
2. Electrical specifications 13
2.1. Recommended operating conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.2. Absolute maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
2.3. Powerconsumption.................................. 14
2.3.1. Static..................................... 14
2.4. Radiocharacteristics................................. 15
2.5. Pincharacteristics .................................. 15
3. Pinout 16
4. Quickstart 19
4.1. Minimal pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
4.2. Powerup ....................................... 19
4.3. Quickstartexample.................................. 20
5. Functional description 22
5.1. Operatingmodes................................... 22
5.1.1. Determine operating mode on start-up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
5.1.2. Switching from transparent to command mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.1.3. Switching from command to transparent mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
5.1.4. Transparentmode.............................. 23
5.1.5. /RTS signal, module busy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
5.1.6. Commandmode .............................. 24
5.2. Physicallayer..................................... 25
5.3. MACandnetworklayer ............................... 25
5.3.1. Addressingmodes ............................. 25
5.3.2. Unicast.................................... 26
5.3.3. Multicast/Broadcast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.4. Acknowledgement and retries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.5. Packet sniffer mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.3.6. Repeater mode and mesh network . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
5.4. System configuration parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
6. Host connection 28
6.1. Serialinterface:UART................................ 28
7. The command interface 29
7.1. Overview ....................................... 29
7.2. Data transfer and reception in the command mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
7.2.1. CMD_DATA_REQ.............................. 31
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7.2.2. CMD_DATAEX_REQ ............................ 31
7.2.3. CMD_DATAEX_IND............................. 33
7.2.4. CMD_REPEAT_IND ............................ 34
7.2.5. CMD_DUTYCYCLE_IND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
7.2.5.1. Example................................. 35
7.3. Requesting parameters, actions and events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.3.1. CMD_RESET_REQ............................. 36
7.3.2. CMD_RESET_IND ............................. 36
7.3.3. CMD_SHUTDOWN_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
7.3.4. CMD_STANDBY_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.3.5. CMD_STANDBY_IND . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
7.3.6. CMD_RSSI_REQ.............................. 38
7.4. Modification of volatile parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.4.1. CMD_SET_PAPOWER_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.4.1.1. Example................................. 39
7.4.2. CMD_SET_CHANNEL_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
7.4.2.1. Example................................. 40
7.4.3. CMD_SET_DESTNETID_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
7.4.4. CMD_SET_DESTADDR_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.4.5. CMD_SET_MODE_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
7.5. Modification of non-volatile parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
7.5.1. CMD_SET_REQ .............................. 42
7.5.2. CMD_GET_REQ .............................. 43
7.5.3. CMD_FACTORY_RESET_REQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
7.6. Messageoverview .................................. 45
8. UserSettings - Module configuration values 46
8.1. Difference between volatile and non-volatile settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.2. Modifying the UserSettings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.2.1. UART_Baudrate: Configure the UART speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
8.2.1.1. Example1................................ 47
8.2.1.2. Example2................................ 47
8.2.2. RADIO_DefaultRfProfile: Configure the RF-settings . . . . . . . . . . . 48
8.2.2.1. Example1................................ 48
8.2.2.2. Example2................................ 49
8.2.3. RADIO_DefaultRfTXPower: Configure the RF TX-power . . . . . . . . 50
8.2.3.1. Example1................................ 50
8.2.3.2. Example2................................ 50
8.2.4. RADIO_DefaultRfChannel: Configure the RF channel . . . . . . . . . . 51
8.2.4.1. Example1................................ 51
8.2.4.2. Example2................................ 51
8.2.5. MAC_DefaultAddressMode: Configure the address mode . . . . . . . 52
8.2.5.1. Example1................................ 53
8.2.5.2. Example2................................ 53
8.2.6. MAC_NumRetrys: Configure the number of retries . . . . . . . . . . . 54
8.2.6.1. Example1................................ 54
8.2.6.2. Example2................................ 54
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8.2.7. MAC_DefaultDestNetID: Configure the destination network id . . . . . 55
8.2.7.1. Example1................................ 55
8.2.7.2. Example2................................ 55
8.2.8. MAC_DefaultDestAddr: Configure the destination address . . . . . . . 56
8.2.8.1. Example1................................ 56
8.2.8.2. Example2................................ 56
8.2.8.3. Example3................................ 56
8.2.9. MAC_SourceNetID: Configure the source network id . . . . . . . . . . 58
8.2.9.1. Example1................................ 58
8.2.9.2. Example2................................ 58
8.2.10. MAC_SourceAddr: Configure the source address . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
8.2.10.1. Example1................................ 59
8.2.10.2. Example2................................ 59
8.2.10.3. Example3................................ 59
8.2.11. OpMode: Default operating mode of the module . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
8.2.11.1. Example1................................ 61
8.2.11.2. Example2................................ 61
8.2.12. OpMode_Flags: Configure transmission trigger for transparent mode . 62
8.2.12.1. Example1................................ 62
8.2.12.2. Example2................................ 63
8.2.13. UART_Timeout: Configure timeout for transparent mode . . . . . . . . 64
8.2.13.1. Example1................................ 64
8.2.13.2. Example2................................ 64
8.2.14. UART_ETX_Character0: Configure ETX characters for transparent
mode..................................... 65
8.2.14.1. Example1................................ 65
8.2.14.2. Example2................................ 65
8.2.14.3. Example3................................ 66
8.2.15. UART_ETX_Character1: Configure ETX character for transparent mode 67
8.2.15.1. Example1................................ 67
8.2.15.2. Example2................................ 67
8.2.16. CfgFlags: Configure the configuration flags of the module . . . . . . . 68
8.2.16.1. Example1................................ 68
8.2.16.2. Example2................................ 68
8.2.17. RpFlags: Configure the repeater flags of the module . . . . . . . . . . 70
8.2.17.1. Example1................................ 70
8.2.17.2. Example2................................ 71
8.2.18. RP_NumSlots: Configure the repeater data base . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
8.2.18.1. Example1................................ 72
8.2.18.2. Example2................................ 73
8.2.19. FactorySettings: Read out the factory settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
8.2.19.1. Example1................................ 74
8.2.20. FirmwareVersion: Read out the firmware version . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
8.2.20.1. Example1................................ 75
9. Timing parameters 76
9.1. Resetbehavior .................................... 76
9.1.1. Reset via /RESET pin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
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9.1.2. Reset as result of a serious error condition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.2. Latencies when leaving standby or shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.2.1. Wake-up latency from standby . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
9.2.2. Wake-up latency from shutdown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
9.3. Latencies during data transfer / packet generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
10.Radio parameters 78
10.1. Channelassignment ................................. 78
11.Battery powered operation 80
12.Custom firmware 81
12.1. Custom configuration of standard firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
12.2. Customer specific firmware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
12.3. Customerfirmware.................................. 81
12.4. Contact for firmware requests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82
13.Flooding mesh: Using the repeater functionality 83
13.1. Setup of the network and repeater device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
13.2. Examplenetwork................................... 85
13.2.1. Application in parallel networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
14.Firmware updates 87
14.1. Firmware flashing using the production interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
14.2. Update via ACC software and UART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
15.Firmware history 89
15.1. Firmwarepreview................................... 90
16.Design in guide 91
16.1. Advice for schematic and layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
16.2. Dimensioning of the micro strip antenna line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
16.3. Antennasolutions .................................. 94
16.3.1.Wireantenna ................................ 95
16.3.2.Chipantenna ................................ 95
16.3.3.PCBantenna ................................ 95
16.3.4. Antennas provided by Würth Elektronik eiSos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
16.3.4.1. 2600130081 - Hyperion-I - 868 MHz dipole antenna . . . . . . . . 96
16.3.4.2. 2600130083 - Hydra-I - 915 MHz dipole antenna . . . . . . . . . . 97
17.Reference design 98
17.1. Schematic....................................... 99
17.2. Layout.........................................101
18.Manufacturing information 103
18.1. Moisture sensitivity level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
18.2. Soldering .......................................103
18.2.1.Reflowsoldering ..............................103
18.2.2.Cleaning...................................105
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18.2.3. Potting and coating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
18.2.4.Othernotations ...............................105
18.3. ESDhandling.....................................106
18.4. Safety recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
19.Physical specifications 108
19.1. Dimensions......................................108
19.2. Weight.........................................108
19.3. Moduledrawing....................................109
19.4. Footprint........................................110
20.Marking 111
20.1. Lotnumber ......................................111
20.2. General labeling information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
21.Information for explosion protection 113
22.Regulatory compliance information 114
22.1. ImportantnoticeFCC ................................114
22.2. Conformity assessment of the final product . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
22.3. Exemptionclause...................................114
22.4. FCC Compliance Statement (US) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
22.4.1.FCCcertificate ...............................115
22.5. IC Compliance Statement (Canada) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
22.5.1.ICcertificate.................................116
22.6. FCC and IC requirements to OEM integrators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
22.7. Pre-certified antennas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
23.Important notes 119
23.1. General customer responsibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
23.2. Customer responsibility related to specific, in particular safety-relevant appli-
cations.........................................119
23.3. Best care and attention . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
23.4. Customer support for product specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
23.5. Productimprovements................................120
23.6. Productlifecycle ...................................120
23.7. Propertyrights ....................................120
23.8. General terms and conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120
24.Legal notice 121
24.1. Exclusionofliability..................................121
24.2. Suitability in customer applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
24.3. Trademarks ......................................121
24.4. Usagerestriction ...................................121
25.License terms 123
25.1. Limitedlicense ....................................123
25.2. Usageandobligations ................................123
25.3. Ownership.......................................124
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