Advanced Energy Paramount MF 2 kW User manual

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Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
User Manual
January 2018 57020114-00E

COPYRIGHT
This manual and the information contained herein are the proprietary property of Advanced
Energy Industries, Inc.
No part of this manual may be reproduced or copied without the express written permission of
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. Any unauthorized use of this manual or its contents is
strictly prohibited. Copyright © 2008-2018 Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. All Rights
Reserved.
DISCLAIMER AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY
The information contained in this manual is subject to change by Advanced Energy
Industries, Inc. without prior notice. Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. makes no warranty of
any kind whatsoever, either expressed or implied, with respect to the information contained
herein. Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. shall not be liable in damages, of whatever kind, as
a result of the reliance on or use of the information contained herein.
PRODUCT USAGE STATEMENT
WARNING:
Read this entire manual and all other publications pertaining to the work to
be performed before you install, operate, or maintain this equipment. Practice
all plant and product safety instructions and precautions. Failure to follow
instructions can cause personal injury and/or property damage. If the
equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the
protection provided by the equipment might be impaired. All personnel who
work with or who are exposed to this equipment must take precautions to
protect themselves against serious or possibly fatal bodily injury.
Advanced Energy Industries, Inc., (AE) provides information on its products
and associated hazards, but it assumes no responsibility for the after-sale
operation of the equipment or the safety practices of the owner or user.
NEVER DEFEAT INTERLOCKS OR GROUNDS.
TRADEMARKS
All Advanced Energy trademarks are the property of Advanced Energy Industries, Inc. For
the list of Advanced Energy trademarks, visit http://www.advanced-energy.com/en/
Trademarks.html. Any unauthorized use of Advanced Energy trademarks is prohibited.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E ii

All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
Advanced Energy’s technical writing staff has carefully developed this manual using
research-based document design principles. However, improvement is ongoing, and the
writing staff welcomes and appreciates customer feedback. Please send any comments on the
content, organization, or format of this user manual to:
•[email protected]
To order a manual, please contact Technical Support:
•[email protected]
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E iii

Table of Contents
Chapter 1. Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines
Important Safety Information ................................................................................. 1-1
Danger, Warning, and Caution Boxes ................................................................... 1-1
Safety Guidelines .................................................................................................. 1-1
Rules for Safe Installation and Operation ....................................................... 1-2
Interpreting Product Labels ................................................................................... 1-2
Product Compliance .............................................................................................. 1-3
Product Certification ................................................................................ ....... 1-3
Safety and EMC Directives and Standards ............................................. ....... 1-3
Conditions of Use .................................................................................... ....... 1-4
Environmental Compliance ............................................................................. 1-4
Interlocks ............................................................................................................... 1-5
Hardware Interlocks and Interlock Circuit ....................................................... 1-5
Chapter 2. Product Overview
Product Description ............................................................................................... 2-1
General Description ........................................................................................ 2-1
Theory of Operation ....................................................................................... ....... 2-1
Operation Overview ........................................................................................ 2-1
Rectifier Module .............................................................................................. 2-2
Inverter Module ............................................................................................... 2-2
Isolation Transformer ...................................................................................... 2-2
Filter ................................................................................................................ 2-2
Directional Coupler/Detector ................................................................... ....... 2-3
Voltage Control Mode ..................................................................................... 2-3
Controls ................................................................................................... ....... 2-3
Power Regulation .................................................................................................. 2-3
Regulation Overview ............................................................................... ....... 2-3
Forward and Reflected Power ................................................................. ....... 2-3
Load Power ............................................................................................. ....... 2-4
Chapter 3. Specifications
Physical Specifications .......................................................................................... 3-1
Electrical Specifications ................................................................................. ....... 3-3
Cooling Specifications ......................................................................................... 3-11
Environmental Specifications .............................................................................. 3-13
Chapter 4. Communication Controls
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E ivTable of Contents

25-Pin User Port .................................................................................................... 4-1
25-Pin User Port Connector .................................................................... ....... 4-1
User Port Cabling Requirements .................................................................... 4-1
Satisfying Minimal Requirements for the 25-Pin User Port ..................... ....... 4-1
25-Pin User Port Signal and Pin Descriptions ......................................... ....... 4-2
Wiring Diagrams for the 25-Pin User Port ................................................ 4-6
AE Bus Interface (Host Port) ............................................................................... 4-10
Host Connector ............................................................................................. 4-11
Host Port Pin Descriptions ............................................................................ 4-11
AE Bus Transmission Parameters ................................................................ 4-11
Host Port DIP Switches ........................................................................... ..... 4-12
DIP Switch and Switch Settings ............................................................. 4-12
Switches ................................................................................................. 4-12
Setting the Baud Rate ............................................................................ 4-13
Default Dip Switch Settings .................................................................... 4-13
Setting the Unit AE Bus Address ...................................................... ..... 4-13
AE Bus Protocol ...................................................................................... ..... 4-14
AE Bus Header Byte ......................................................................... ..... 4-15
AE Bus Command Number Byte ...................................................... ..... 4-15
AE Bus Optional Length Byte ........................................................... ..... 4-16
AE Bus Data Bytes ........................................................................... ..... 4-16
AE Bus Checksum Byte ......................................................................... 4-16
Creating an Ideal Communications Transaction ........................................... 4-17
T0: Host Transmits Message Packet ................................................ ..... 4-17
T1: Unit Verifies Host Transmission Packet ........................................... 4-17
T2: Unit Transmits Response to Host ............................................... ..... 4-18
T3: Host Acknowledges Unit Response ................................................. 4-18
AE Bus Communications Transaction Example ............................... ..... 4-18
AE Host Commands ............................................................................................ 4-19
AE Host Command Status Response (CSR) Codes ............................... ..... 4-19
AE Host Command Set ........................................................................... ..... 4-20
Chapter 5. Installation, Setup, and Operation
Preparing to Install the Unit ................................................................................... 5-1
Spacing and Mounting Requirements ..................................................... ....... 5-1
Unit Drawings .......................................................................................... ....... 5-2
Installation Requirements ........................................................................ ....... 5-9
Unpacking the Unit .................................................................................. ..... 5-10
Installing the Unit ................................................................................................. 5-10
Grounding ..................................................................................................... 5-10
Connecting Cooling Water ............................................................................ 5-11
Connecting Output Power ....................................................................... ..... 5-12
Connecting Output Power and Satisfying RF Connector Interlock ... ..... 5-12
Connecting AC Input Power .................................................................... ..... 5-13
Harting AC Power Connector ................................................................. 5-13
To Connect AC Input Power with the Harting Connector ....................... 5-14
Connecting I/O and Auxiliary Connectors ..................................................... 5-15
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E vTable of Contents

Connecting For External Voltage Regulation Mode ................................ ..... 5-15
Front Panel Functions ......................................................................................... 5-16
Using the Front Panel to Monitor Unit Status and Unit Operating Data .. ..... 5-16
LED and Numeric Display Behavior When a Fault is Present ...................... 5-17
LED and Numeric Display Behavior When Interlock is Not Satisfied ...... ..... 5-17
Status LED Indicators ................................................................................... 5-17
Generator LEDs ............................................................................................ 5-18
First Time Operation ...................................................................................... ..... 5-19
Command Sequence and Timing Recommendations ......................................... 5-20
Frequency Tuning .......................................................................................... ..... 5-23
Understanding Automatic Tuning and Sweep Frequency ....................... ..... 5-23
RF On Tuning ................................................................................... ..... 5-23
Retuning ................................................................................................. 5-24
Automatic Tuning Parameters ................................................................. ..... 5-25
Pulsing Output ..................................................................................................... 5-27
Understanding Pulsing ............................................................................ ..... 5-27
Pulsing Parameters ................................................................................. ..... 5-28
To Set Up Master/Slave Pulsing ................................................................... 5-28
To Enable/Disable Pulsing and Set Pulsing Parameters .............................. 5-28
Safe Operating Area (SOA) Feature ................................................................... 5-29
Maintenance ........................................................................................................ 5-29
Consumable Parts ................................................................................... ..... 5-29
Chapter 6. Troubleshooting and Global Services
Troubleshooting the Unit ....................................................................................... 6-1
To Troubleshoot an Overtemperature Condition ..................................... ....... 6-2
To Troubleshoot Set Point Problems .............................................................. 6-3
Internal Diagnostics ............................................................................................... 6-3
To Run Internal Diagnostics .................................................................... ....... 6-4
Troubleshooting Using Error Codes ...................................................................... 6-5
Accessing Error Codes ................................................................................... 6-5
Fault and Warning Types and Clearing Faults ........................................ ....... 6-5
Warning and Fault Code Tables ..................................................................... 6-6
Warning Codes ................................................................................. ....... 6-6
Fault Codes .............................................................................................. 6-9
AE Global Services ........................................................................................ ..... 6-14
Returning Units for Repair ................................................................................... 6-16
Purging Water for Transport or Storage .................................................. ..... 6-16
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E viTable of Contents

List of Tables
Table 1-1. Hardware interlocks ...................................................................... ....... 1-5
Table 3-1. Physical specifications ......................................................................... 3-1
Table 3-2. Electrical specifications ........................................................................ 3-3
Table 3-3. Cooling specifications ................................................................... ..... 3-11
Table 3-4. Environmental standard specifications ........................................ ..... 3-13
Table 3-5. Climatic specifications ....................................................................... 3-13
Table 4-1. Jumpers on a dummy plug to satisfy minimal signal
requirements ........................................................................................................ 4-2
Table 4-2. User port signal descriptions ................................................................ 4-2
Table 4-3. 25-pin User port pin descriptions ................................................. ....... 4-3
Table 4-4. Host port pin descriptions ............................................................. ..... 4-11
Table 4-5. DIP switch settings for variable baud rate, switches 6 and 7 ............. 4-13
Table 4-6. Default dip switch settings ............................................................ ..... 4-13
Table 4-7. AE Bus address settings .................................................................... 4-13
Table 4-8. AE Bus byte structure ................................................................... ..... 4-16
Table 4-9. AE Host command status response (CSR) codes ........................ ..... 4-19
Table 4-10. AE Host commands .................................................................... ..... 4-20
Table 5-1. HARTING 70 A connector pin descriptions ........................................ 5-13
Table 5-2. HARTING 70 A connector part numbers ...................................... ..... 5-14
Table 5-3. I/O and auxiliary ports ........................................................................ 5-15
Table 5-4. Status LED indicators ................................................................... ..... 5-17
Table 5-5. Generator LEDs ................................................................................. 5-18
Table 5-6. Recommended command sequence and timing ................................ 5-21
Table 5-7. Frequency tuning parameters ............................................................ 5-25
Table 5-8. Pulsing parameters ............................................................................ 5-28
Table 6-1. Warning codes ..................................................................................... 6-6
Table 6-2. Fault codes ................................................................................... ....... 6-9
Table 6-3. AE Global Services 24 X 7 contact information ............................ ..... 6-15
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E viiList of Tables

List of Figures
Figure 1-1. Interlock circuit .................................................................................... 1-6
Figure 2-1. Paramount MF 2 kW generator block diagram ............................ ....... 2-2
Figure 3-1. Timing diagram ................................................................................... 3-9
Figure 3-2. Pressure drop .............................................................................. ..... 3-12
Figure 4-1. User port connector, 25-pin ......................................................... ....... 4-1
Figure 4-2. REFL PWR MONITOR (pins 2 and 15) ....................................... ....... 4-6
Figure 4-3. FWD/LOAD PWR MONITOR (pins 3 and 16) ............................. ....... 4-7
Figure 4-4. RF PWR ON (pins 4 and 17) ....................................................... ....... 4-7
Figure 4-5. SET POINT (pins 5 and 18) ................................................................ 4-7
Figure 4-6. DC BIAS/POWER REGULATION (pins 6 and 19) ...................... ....... 4-8
Figure 4-7. FWD/LOAD PWR REGULATION (pins 8 and 21) ....................... ....... 4-8
Figure 4-8. INTERLOCK LOOP (pins 23 and 10) .......................................... ....... 4-9
Figure 4-9. +15 VDC (pins 13 and 21) ........................................................... ....... 4-9
Figure 4-10. SET POINT STATUS (pins 14 and 1) ............................................... 4-9
Figure 4-11. OVERTEMP (pins 22 and 9) ........................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-12. DC BUS OK (pins 24 and 11) ......................................................... 4-10
Figure 4-13. Host port connector ................................................................... ..... 4-11
Figure 4-14. Slide DIP switch .............................................................................. 4-12
Figure 4-15. Graphic representation of a message packet ............................ ..... 4-15
Figure 4-16. AE Bus communications transaction ......................................... ..... 4-17
Figure 4-17. Communications transaction example ............................................ 4-19
Figure 5-1. Front panel .......................................................................................... 5-2
Figure 5-2. Rear panel ................................................................................... ....... 5-3
Figure 5-3. Rear panel with dimensions ................................................................ 5-4
Figure 5-4. Rear panel three dimensional ............................................................. 5-5
Figure 5-5. Left side ....................................................................................... ....... 5-6
Figure 5-6. Right side ............................................................................................ 5-7
Figure 5-7. Top side .............................................................................................. 5-8
Figure 5-8. Bottom side ......................................................................................... 5-9
Figure 5-9. RF output connector, HN coaxial, female (TRU-8371-SNT) ............. 5-12
Figure 5-10. HARTING AC 70 A power input connector on back of unit ....... ..... 5-13
Figure 5-11. Front panel display with Status and Generator LEDs ..................... 5-16
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E viiiList of Figures

Safety and Product Compliance
Guidelines
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
To ensure safe installation and operation of the Advanced Energy Paramount MF 2
kW unit, read and understand this manual before attempting to install and operate this
unit. At a minimum, read and follow the safety guidelines, instructions, and practices.
DANGER, WARNING, AND CAUTION BOXES
This symbol represents important notes concerning potential harm to people, this
unit, or associated equipment. Advanced Energy includes this symbol in danger,
warning, and caution boxes to identify specific levels of hazard seriousness.
DANGER:
DANGER indicates an imminently hazardous situation that, if not avoided,
will result in death or serious injury. DANGER is limited to the most extreme
situations.
WARNING:
WARNING indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided,
could result in death or serious injury, and/or property damage.
CAUTION:
CAUTION indicates a potentially hazardous situation that, if not avoided,
could result in minor or moderate injury, and/or property damage. CAUTION
is also used for property-damage-only accidents.
SAFETY GUIDELINES
Review the following information before attempting to install and operate the
product.
Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator Chapter
1
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑1

Rules for Safe Installation and Operation
Please note the following rules:
• Do not attempt to install or operate this equipment without proper training.
• Ensure that this unit is properly grounded.
• Ensure that all cables are properly connected.
• Verify that input voltage and current capacity are within specifications before
turning on the power supplies.
• Use proper electrostatic discharge (ESD) precautions.
INTERPRETING PRODUCT LABELS
The following labels may appear on your unit:
CE label
Complies with applicable European
directives.
Protective conductor terminal
This terminal must be connected first and
be of proper type and size for the circuit
with the highest voltage and current
carrying capacity. Note that other
connections may have higher
requirements than that of the MAINS
connection.
Hazardous voltage
Hazardous voltage
Voltage > 30 Vrms, 42.4 V peak, or
60 VDC
Nonionizing radiation
Radio Frequency emissions may be
harmful.
Certified by CSA to North American
Safety Standards for both Canada and the
United States
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑2

Refer to manual for more information
SEMI® F47 compliant
Heavy object—can cause muscle strain
or back injury
Environmentally Friendly Use Period of
25 years per China RoHS—recycle
responsibly at end of life
PRODUCT COMPLIANCE
The following sections include information about unit compliance and certification,
including the conditions of use required to be in compliance with the standards and
directives.
Product Certification
Certain options of this product may be certified according to the list below.
For more information, refer to the Certificate or Letter of Conformity (US) or
Declaration of Conformity (EU) accompanying the product.
• NRTL – Safety certified by CSA International, a Nationally Recognized Testing
Laboratory
• CE Marking – Self-declaration, assessed by AE Corporate Compliance
• EMC measurements – Verified by AE Corporate Compliance
• SEMI guidelines – Verified by AE Corporate Compliance
Safety and EMC Directives and Standards
For information concerning compliance to applicable EU requirements, refer to the
EU Declaration of Conformity for this unit. The Declaration of Conformity may also
include a supplementary section covering compliance to non-EU regulatory
requirements and/or industry standards or guidelines.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑3

Conditions of Use
To comply with the stated directives and standards, you must meet the following
conditions of use:
• For corner-grounded delta configuration installation, excessive leakage occurs.
Secondary Protective Earth (ground) must be connected.
• The AC power cordset used must comply with local codes and regulations.
• Before making any other connection to this product, connect the primary
Protective Earth (ground), and secondary Protective Earth (ground) if
applicable, to a local earth ground using wire that is sized according to the
applicable requirements.
• To prevent condensation, install and operate this device with an external water
solenoid valve so that water flow is interrupted when the device is not
operating.
• Install and operate this unit in an overvoltage category according to
environmental specifications.
• Install and operate this unit in a pollution degree environment according to
environmental specifications.
• Operate this device within the ambient temperature and water specifications
declared in the specifications.
• If this unit does not have a circuit breaker, you must install and operate it with a
circuit breaker switch on the AC input. The circuit breaker switch must be
easily accessible and near the unit. The circuit breaker must be marked as the
disconnecting device for the equipment.
• You must install and operate this device with a disconnect switch that conforms
to the applicable requirements. The switch must be easily accessible and near
the device.
• Use only a shielded cable for the input power connections.
• Use only a shielded cable for the output process power connections.
• Use only a shielded cable for communications and/or control connections.
Environmental Compliance
•EU REACH – European Union Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006
Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals
Advanced Energy manufactures articles subject to Article 33 of REACH and,
upon request, will provide information regarding Substances of Very High
Concern (SVHC) currently identified by the European Chemical Agency
(ECHA) that are contained in this product, at concentrations greater than 0.1%
by weight.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑4

•China RoHS - People’s Republic of China (PRC) Ministry of Industry and
Information Technology (MIIT) Order #32 (China RoHS 2)
Management Methods for the Restriction of the Use of Hazardous Substances
Electrical and Electronic Products
This product contains hazardous substances listed in PRC Standard GB/T
26572, above the maximum concentration limits stipulated. In compliance to
PRC Standard SJ/T 11364, AE provides a disclosure of hazardous substance
content and this product is marked with an Environmentally Friendly Use
Period (EFUP) of 25 years.
INTERLOCKS
WARNING:
Advanced Energy products only include interlocks when required by product
specification. Interlocks in Advanced Energy products are not intended to
meet or satisfy safety requirements. Where interlocks exist, you must still
meet and satisfy safety requirements. The presence of interlocks does not
imply operator protection.
Hardware Interlocks and Interlock Circuit
Table 1‑1. Hardware interlocks
Mechanism Detection Method Equipment Condition When
Interlock is Open
Interlock relay disables DC
power to the gate drivers of
the RF section, which results
in RF output being disabled.
An interlock condition occurs
when:
• The User port interlock
circuit is not satisfied
• The RF output interlock
switch detects when the
RF cable is not fully
attached.
Green Interlock LED is not
lit, interlock is not satisfied,
and as a result RF out cannot
be enabled.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑5

User Unit
Interlock
Interlock return
Cable interlock
Interlock relay
Figure 1‑1. Interlock circuit
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Safety and Product Compliance Guidelines 1‑6

Product Overview
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
General Description
The Advanced Energy Paramount MF 2 kW generator is a 360 kHz to 440 kHz
midfrequency generator designed to regulate on one of the following:
• Forward power
• Load power
• Voltage with an optional AE peak voltage sensor
The Paramount MF 2 kW generator provides up to 2000 W into a 50 Ω, nonreactive
load. The generator is capable of delivering 100% of its rated power into a 4.79:1
VSWR load, making it an ideal choice for applications with a fixed match.
The Paramount MF 2 kW generators incorporate Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS)
technology for control of the operating frequency. This technology can be useful
when the application requires that the selected generator operate into an impedance
mismatch. The frequency can be programmed to dither over a predetermined range to
minimize the load mismatch to the generator. The DDS operating parameters on each
generator are configured via the generator's serial communications interface and are
stored indefinitely in nonvolatile RAM.
The Paramount MF 2 kW generators are water and air cooled, 7" high, 19" rack-
mountable units. Front panels with numeric displays and six status LEDs provide
basic generator monitoring. Primary control is accomplished through the generator's
serial and user communications interfaces.
THEORY OF OPERATION
Operation Overview
The Paramount MF 2 kW generator efficiently creates sinusoidal voltage waveforms
by switching rectified DC power through a filter and an isolation transformer. A
directional coupler/detector samples the RF power signal and uses the signal to
control the switch waveforms and therefore, the output power. Depending upon the
method of regulation, either the forward or load power can be used as a control
Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator Chapter
2
57020114-00E Product Overview 2‑1

signal. The Paramount MF 2 kW generator can also control the voltage at the load
with proper voltage feedback and setting the unit to voltage control mode.
Isolation
Transformer Filter
Directional Coupler/
Detector
Mid-frequency
Out
AC
In
Rectifier
Module
Inverter
Module
Controls
3726
Figure 2‑1. Paramount MF 2 kW generator block diagram
Rectifier Module
The full-wave bridge rectifier converts the AC input voltage into a steady DC signal.
This power is provided directly into the inverter module.
Inverter Module
The inverter module is composed of a set of MOSFETs which are either fully on or
fully off. When the FETs are on, very little voltage drop occurs across them. When
they are off, virtually no current flows through them. Since the power dissipated in a
FET is the product of the voltage across and the current through the device, neither
case represents a large power loss. This makes the generator very efficient.
Isolation Transformer
The inverter module produces a waveform with substantial energy at the fundamental
switching frequency, which is set to the desired output frequency. This waveform
goes to the isolation transformer.
The isolation transformer isolates RF output of the generator from the inverter
module which is directly connected to the AC power line. The transformer also
transforms the impedance to bring the output impedance of the generator to a
standard 50 Ω level.
Filter
The filter is a combination of inductors and capacitors especially designed to pass
only the frequency of interest and reject high frequency harmonics (a lowpass filter).
The output of the filter is nearly a perfect sine wave. This wave is then delivered to
the directional coupler/detector.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Product Overview 2‑2

Directional Coupler/Detector
The directional coupler/detector samples the voltage and current of the RF power line
and a digital signal processor (DSP) is used to calculate the forward and reflected
power. The forward and reflected power can be thought of as the power flowing
toward the load and the power reflected back from the load. Forward power minus
reflected power is the power dissipated in the load and is called the load power. The
DSP uses the calculated values in the feedback control loop to control the power
supply output.
The Paramount MF 2 kW generator uses sophisticated signal processing to
compensate for or eliminate offsets and nonlinearities inherent in the generator. As a
result, the output power of the generator is accurate and linear. Forward, reflected,
and load power levels are displayed on the front panel and are provided to, or can be
accessed through, the generator's serial and user communication ports.
Voltage Control Mode
The Paramount MF 2 kW generator has the capability to control the amplitude of RF
output voltage at the load with the use of the AE Low Frequency Fixed Match and
voltage peak detector. The voltage from the peak detector is supplied to the generator
and used to control the inverter.
Controls
The control section controls the inverter that regulates the output power. This section
has limits and trip thresholds that prevent inverter failure.
POWER REGULATION
Regulation Overview
The Paramount MF 2 kW generator can regulate power based on either forward or
load power measurements. The method used by the generator is determined by User
port pin 8, referenced to pin 21 (FWD/LOAD POWER REGULATION). You can also
use command 3, set regulation mode, at the Host port to select the regulation mode.
The front panel display screen allows you to view operating data for forward,
reflected, and load power parameters.
Forward and Reflected Power
In a mismatched system, the load impedance does not match the connecting cable
impedance, which means there will always be a standing wave on the connecting
cable. Think of this standing wave as being created by the interference of two
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Product Overview 2‑3

travelling waves, one moving toward the load and one returning to the generator. The
power in the imagined wave moving toward the load is the forward power, and the
power in the imagined return wave is the reverse, or reflected, power.
Mathematically, in a system with a reference (cable) impedance Z0, forward and
reflected voltages (Vf/r) and current (If/r) can be defined as:
The plus sign is used for forward voltage and current and the minus sign is used for
reflected voltage and current. The forward and reflected powers are the product of the
voltages and currents:
Neither the forward nor the reflected power directly determine the process results.
Load Power
The load power is the power actually dissipated in the load. If the load is not reactive,
the load power is simply the voltage times the current. If the load is reactive, there
will be phase angle between the voltage and current, and the load power will be equal
to: V * I * cos (phase angle).
In terms of forward and reflected power, the load power is the forward power minus
the reflected power. Generally, the important factor in a process is the load power,
because by definition that is the actual power delivered to the load.
Advanced Energy®Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator
57020114-00E Product Overview 2‑4

Specifications
PHYSICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Table 3‑1. Physical specifications
Description Specification
Size 178 mm (H) x 434 mm (W) x 501 mm (D)
7″ (H) x 17.1″ (W) x 19.7″ (D)
☞ Important
These measurements do not include handles,
connectors, and switches.
Weight 35.38 kg (78 lb) maximum
Mounting Standard 19″ rack; optional custom mounting
Clearance A clearance of 13 mm (0.5″) minimum is required at the right
side of the unit for proper cooling.
A clearance of 102 mm (4″) is required at the rear of the unit
for connections.
Connectors/Cable Specifications
RF output connector HN coaxial female (TRU-8371-SNT). Connector has an
interlock which engages when output cable is fully connected.
AC power input HARTING Han® Modular, 4-pin, 70 A male connector:
• Frame: 09140060303
• Housing: 09300060301
• Insert (70 A): 09140022642
User port connector 25-pin subminiature-D, female
Host port connector 9-pin subminiature-D, female
E-Net port Reserved for AE use only
Pulse In connector SMA
Pulse Out connector SMA
Bias voltage input
Sense V-In connector
SMA
Scaled analog output for bias
compensation
SMA
Paramount® MF 2 kW Generator Chapter
3
57020114-00E Specifications 3‑1