Air Burners T-400 User manual

Operating Manual
T-400
Equipped With Kubota V3300-TE Diesel Engine
Air Curtain Burner
Trailer Mounted Trench Burner
“The Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Open Burning”
Operating Manual
T-400
Equipped With Kubota V3300-TE Diesel Engine
Air Curtain Burner
Trailer Mounted Trench Burner
“The Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Open Burning”
US Factory and Main Office
Air Burners, LLC
4390 Cargo Way
Palm City, FL 34990
Phone: [phone] or 888-566-3900
FAX: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
© 1998-2005, Air Burners, LLC.
The words Air Burners and the Air Burners Logo are registered trademarks of Air Burners, LLC.
All Rights Reserved. Subject to change without notice. Metric conversions rounded.
Rev. 12-01-05
Visit Our Web Site at:
www.airburners.com
US Factory and Main Office
Air Burners, LLC
4390 Cargo Way
Palm City, FL 34990
Phone: [phone] or 888-566-3900
FAX: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
© 1998-2005, Air Burners, LLC.
The words Air Burners and the Air Burners Logo are Registered Trademarks of Air Burners, LLC.
All Rights Reserved. Subject to change without notice. Metric conversions rounded.
Rev. 12-06-05
Visit Our Web Site at:
www.airburners.com
US Factory and Main Office
Air Burners, LLC
4390 Cargo Way
Palm City, FL 34990
Phone: [phone] or 888-566-3900
FAX: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
© 1998-2005, Air Burners, LLC.
The words Air Burners and the Air Burners Logo are Registered Trademarks of Air Burners, LLC.
All Rights Reserved. Subject to change without notice. Metric conversions rounded.
Rev. 12-06-05
Visit Our Web Site at:
www.airburners.com
Operating Manual
T-400
Equipped With Kubota V3600-TE Series Diesel Engine
Model Year 2015/2016
Air Curtain Burner
Trailer Mounted Trench Burner
“The Environmentally Friendly Alternative to Open Burning”
US Factory and Main Office
Air Burners, Inc.
4390 SW Cargo Way
Palm City, FL 34990
Phone: [phone] or 888-566-3900
FAX: [phone]
E-mail: [e-mail]
© 1998-20015, Air Burners, Inc.
The words Air Burners and the Air Burners Logo are Registered Trademarks of Air Burners, Inc.
All Rights Reserved. Subject to change without notice. Metric conversions rounded.
Rev. 10.06.2015 ( Vers. 09.15 )
Visit Our Web Site at:
www.AirBurners.com

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Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
(Vers. 09.15)
INDEX
THE PRINCIPLE OF AIR CURTAIN INCINERATION.....................................Page 1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION T-400 MODEL .....................................................Page 2
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS.........................................................................Page 4
T-400 COMPONENTS ....................................................................................Page 7
HOW TO SET UP THE MACHINE T-400 UNIT ..............................................Page 8
T-400 WINCH OPERATION ...........................................................................Page 11
HOW TO BUILD A PIT....................................................................................Page 12
HOW TO OPERATE THE MACHINE..............................................................Page 14
SITE PREPARATION .....................................................................................Page 16
LOADING AND STARTING THE FIRE ...........................................................Page 19
HOW TO FEED THE FIRE .............................................................................Page 22
HOW TO BURN FIRE DOWN FOR SHUTDOWN ..........................................Page 23
HOW TO CLEAN OUT THE PIT .....................................................................Page 24
HOW TO PREPARE THE MACHINE FOR TRANSPORT ..............................Page 25
TROUBLESHOOTING ....................................................................................Page 26
MAINTENANCE AND CARE OF THE T-400 UNIT.........................................Page 27
INSTALLATION OF V-BELTS……………………………………………………. Page 28
MAINTENANCE AND CARE OF THE MANIFOLD .........................................Page 29
OPENING COWLING FOR MAJOR MAINTENANCE ....................................Page 30
SERVICING SPECIFICATIONS......................................................................Page 31
TRAILER TOWING CHECKLIST ....................................................................Page 32
ENGINE WIRING DIAGRAM .........................................................................Page 33
TRAILER WIRING DIAGRAM ........................................................................Page 34
i

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
(Vers. 09.15)
ii
T-Series Trench Burner 2015/016
T-400 Trench Burners

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 1 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
PRINCIPLE OF AIR CURTAIN INCINERATION
Air curtain incinerators are designed primarily as a pollution control device. Using a
Diesel engine driven fan, these machines generate a curtain of air with a very particu-
lar mass flow and velocity. This curtain of air acts as a trap over the top of an earthen
trench or thermo ceramic lined pit. The wood debris is dumped into the trench or pit
and then ignited (usually with a propane torch or with a small amount of Diesel fuel)
just as you would light any other pile of wood you intended to burn. Once the fire has
gained strength the air curtain is turned on. The air curtain traps most of the smoke
particles and causes them to re-burn under the air curtain where the temperatures ex-
ceed 1,800º F. These machines do not inject any fuels into the fire, the fire is sustained
only by adding more wood debris. The air from the air curtain is not heated. The only
fuel used in the continuous operation is that of the Diesel engine driven fan.
1. Manifold and nozzles that create the air curtain over the refractory lined pit.
2. Wall of earthen pit.
3. Material to be burned.
4. High velocity “air curtain” over fire.
5. Continued air flow over-oxygenates fire keeping temperatures high.

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 2 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
GENERAL DESCRIPTION T-400 SERIES
The T-400 is a mobile air curtain burner which is used in combination with an earthen
pit or trench made to function as the combustion chamber. The T-400 unit is a fully self
-contained, trailer mounted system that includes a power plant, mechanical drive sys-
tem, blower fan, manifolds, carrier pipe and fuel tanks.
This unit does not require assembly on site, as the carrier pipe and manifolds deploy
and unfold. The Diesel engine drives a fan which produces high velocity air. This high
velocity air is directed down the carrier pipe to the manifold. The carrier pipe is an im-
portant safety element, as it gives the machine the required “set-back” from the fire.
This set-back will help protect the machine, if the fire gets too high or if the wind
changes direction.
Once in the manifold, the air is evenly distributed across the burning trench through
the manifold nozzles. Air is directed across the top and down into the combustion
zone. The curtain of air acts as a top over the pit, trapping particulates (small air-born
particles) and adding oxygen to the combustion zone, thereby generating a hotter
more complete fire.
Temperature achieved by this unit while burning clean wood and vegetative waste can
range between 1,600 and 2,000 degrees Fahrenheit.
The air flow coupled with the recommended dimensions of the pit, creates an after-
burner effect. By re-circulating the air under the curtain, residence time of the particu-
lates is increased long enough for their effective combustion with very little smoke es-
caping.
Carrier pipe fully extendedCarrier pipe with manifolds folded

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 3 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
All of this is carefully engineered to provide the correct amount of air at the correct
velocity. It is sometimes thought that more air flow will actually increase the burn
rate. This is INCORRECT. Modifying the air flow will actually have the opposite
effect and reduce the machine’s through-put. Additionally it will reduce the ma-
chine’s ability to meet air quality minimum standards. There is a maximum rate at
which wood can burn. Trying to exceed that rate by adding more air to an air cur-
tain burner causes two major problems;
1) It will cool the fire reducing combustion efficiency creating more smoke (carbon
dioxide and nitrogen enriched). This will begin a circular effect of further reduc-
ing the oxygen and further reducing combustion efficiency. The result is your
through-put drops and smoke increases.
2) Increasing the air flow beyond design standards will over pressurize the pit
causing larger sized particles to be ejected from the pit. Besides violating the
EPA limits for PM (particulate matter) the larger hotter embers ejected will
pose a much greater fire hazard.
T-400 Specifications
Model Overall Size
L × W × H
Trench Size
L × W × D
Weight
(Tongue)*
Fuel
Consumption**
gal/hr
T-400 28' × 8' 3" × 6' 10" 40' × 10' × 12’ 6,900
(1,200) 3.5
*) Hitch Select Appropriate Class Hitch for Trailer Towing
**) Diesel Engine Version: Kubota V3600-TE (Tier 4 compliant) or equivalent engines. Diesel fuel consumption rated at aver-
age operating RPM.
Drive System: PTO & multi-belt drive.
NOTE: All weights and dimensions are approximate. Subject to change without notice.

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 4 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
The Air Curtain Burner operator is dealing with fire on a daily basis; it is very im-
portant that each and every individual involved with the machine be aware of and
practice very rigid safety precautions.
When you are running the machine, you are responsible for assuring that it is operat-
ed in the safest possible manner at all times. During the burning operations there
may not be any signs of smoke from the trench, but small hot embers will always be
coming out. These embers rise up on the hot gases from the fire. Operators must be
aware of the area around the unit to insure “spot fires” do not ignite. If you notice
something wrong, correct it immediately, and if you cannot correct it, find someone
who can and/or shut down the machine.
The T-400 is very safe as long as it is used and operated in the manner for which it
was designed; however, it will be no safer than an open fire burning above ground
when it is not being used and operated properly.
Basic Safety Points:
1. Personnel should not enter the pit while building it.
There is always the danger of the pit collapsing. Personnel should not enter the pit.
The pit should be secured and marked to prevent anyone from falling in.
2. Once the pit is in use the area should be restricted.
The area around the pit should be controlled by the trained operators. If the pit is to
be re-used the next day, then a security guard and secure fencing should be used
around the pit to insure no animals or humans will fall in. If the pit is not to be reused
then the fire should be extinguished and the pit filled in with dirt. The operators must
monitor the activities around the pit at all times.
3. The Machine must only be operated with the cowling closed and secured.
The top cowling provides a guard for the drive belts and fan inlet. There is a risk of
serious injury, if the machine is run with the cowling open.
SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
READ ALL SECTIONS OF THIS MANUAL BEFORE YOU BEGIN BURNING OPERATIONS
DANGER: Falling into the fire pit will cause serious injury or death.
DANGER: Watch for DANGER NOTICES throughout this manual.

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 5 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
DANGER: The above distances serve as a GUIDELINE ONLY! You MUST
ALWAYS observe the down range area regardless of the wind speed. You
must always observe local fire ordinances and directives from the local fire
department or other authorities.
4. The Machine should be placed on cleared, level ground.
The placement or positioning of the machine on the job site can be very important.
The machine should be placed in a manner to give the greatest clearance on the down
-wind side of the pit. The unit should be placed on level ground to facilitate proper posi-
tioning of the manifold alongside the pit.
5. The Machine should be placed such that no combustible material is within a
minimum of 100 foot clearance in any direction.
The machine should not be located over combustibles, such as dry grass, brush or
peat moss. In addition, hot embers will escape from the pit and, depending on the
wind, will land on the ground around the unit. The unit should not be located within 100
feet of any combustible material.
The waste material to be burned during the day’s operation can be staged within the
100 foot perimeter to facilitate loading. The operator must monitor the loading pile to
insure embers do not ignite the loading pile. The combustible materials to be stored for
burning at a later date must be stored outside the 100 foot perimeter or in accordance
with the chart below which suggests adjustments for wind speed.
DANGER: The above distances serve as a GUIDELINE ONLY! You MUST
ALWAYS observe the down range area regardless of the wind speed. You
must always observe local fire ordinances and directives from the local fire
department or other authorities.
WIND SPEED VS. SAFE DISTANCE
Approximate Safe Distance for:
Wind Speed
(MPH)
Structures
(Houses, etc.)
Woods/Trees
Stored Brush Piles
10 300' 150' 100'
12 300' 150' 100'
14 300' 200' 150'
16 400' 250' 150'
18 400' 250' 200'
20 500' 250' 200'

Air Burners, Inc.
T-400 Air Curtain Trench Burner with Kubota V3600-TE Engine
OPERATING MANUAL
Page 6 of 34 (Vers. 09.15)
6. The Machine should not be operated when the wind speeds reach 20 MPH .
As an operator you should always be aware of wind speed and direction. Increased
wind speed will affect the integrity of the “air curtain” and will cause hot embers to trav-
el farther. See the wind speed chart on Page 5 regarding the suggested set back.
7. NEVER use highly combustible materials to light the pit.
Highly combustible materials such as gasoline, refined spirits, etc. ignite at an explo-
sive rate which may cause serious injury or death. The safest method to start the fire
in the pit is to use materials, such as paper and kindling wood. In the absence of these
materials or when starting materials with a high moisture content, Diesel fuel oil is an
acceptable option.
8. Shut the unit down in an emergency.
Stop loading the pit, stop the air flow by either disengaging the PTO or by shutting
down the engine. Dump dirt, sand or water into the fire pit.
9. Personal Safety
Operators need to be aware of the following
potential hazards:
A) Flying hot embers being released from
the fire. Operators or anyone within the
100 foot radius of the fire should wear ap-
propriate fire resistant clothing. The ideal
outwear for an operator would include a
Nomex jacket, leather gloves, eye protec-
tion, hard hat, cotton work jeans and steel
toe boots. Operators should never wear
synthetic material (i.e. polyester) around
the fire as this type of material can melt
and cause injury. Additionally, some syn-
thetic materials will support combustion
and could be very dangerous around fire.
One hundred percent cotton materials would be the minimum, cotton treated with a
fire retardant would be better and fire proof materials, like Nomex, would be best.
B) Noise, ear protection is recommended around the machines. It is a good
practice to wear approved ear protection when working in close proximity to the fan
and engine.
C) Ash and dust can be released during the operation and during cleaning. Op-
erators should wear appropriate breathing masks to protect themselves from inhal-
ing the dust and ash.