CANBAT TECHNOLOGIES LiFePO4 User manual

Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4)
USER MANUAL
CANBAT TECHNOLOGIES INC.

Relionbattery.com
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
86 5 2
Safety
4
Equipment
5
LiFePO4 Battery Basics
5
Battery Installation
6
Wire Gauge Table

Battery Storage
9
Battery Discharging
0
Battery Charging

BMS Operations
2
Battery Recycling


CANBAT LITHIUM BATTERY
USER MANUAL
This user manual was created by Canbat Technologies Inc. and
contains important information relating to the proper care and
maintenance of your lithium battery. This manual only applies
to Canbat lithium battery products. It does not apply to other
lithium batteries or chemistries. Please read through the guide
in detail before installing and using your new lithium battery.
Reading this guide in its entirety will help you achieve high
performance and a longer life from your lithium batteries.
Should you have any questions concerning safety precautions,
installation or the use of your Canbat lithium battery, please
contact us:
Email: [e-mail]
Phone: [phone]
Online chat is available 24/7on ourwebsite www.canbat.com
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6
. SAFETY
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries are safe to use indoors and
outdoors.However, as with any electronics, safety measures must always
be taken. Please follow the instructions within this user manual for
safe handling and operation of your Canbat lithium batteries.
•Always wear protective gear when handling batteries
• Use a wrench with a rubber coated handle
• Do not place any objects on top of batteries
• Do not place batteries on a metallic surface
• Check that all cables are in good condition
• Make sure all cable connections are properly tightened
• Install and remove batteries using the lifting handles provided
• Keep sparks, flames and metal objects away from batteries
• Have Canbat MSDS on the premises
• Have a fire extinguisher of the following type: a foam extinguisher,
CO2, ABC dry chemical, powdered graphite, copper powder or soda
(sodium carbonate) on the premises
This manual only applies to Canbat Lithium Batteries.
It does not apply to other lithium battery brands.
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4

. EQUIPMENT
The following equipment may be required to install your battery:
• Protective Gear; gloves and eye protection
• Wrench with insulated/rubber coated handle
• Voltmeter
. LiFePO4 BATTERY BASICS
3.1. BasicConstruction
Canbat LiFePO4 battery packs include two maincomponents:
1. Grade A individual cells assembledinside an ABS plasticor asteelcase.
Depending on the battery’s model, the cells are eithercylinderor prismatic.
Cylindercells are usedinsmallerbattery packs while prismaticcells are
usedinlargerbattery packs.
2. Aninternal BMS (Battery Management System) to protect the battery
from misuse.The BMS protects againstover-charge,over-discharge,low-
temperatures,high-temperatures,short-circuits,high-voltage and low-
voltage.The BMS alsohelps inbalancing the individual cells.
3.2. Battery Pack Voltages
Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4) Nominal Voltage
Cell = 3.2V
12.8V – 4 cells in series
25.6V – 8 cells in series
38.4V – 12 cells in series
51.2V – 16 cells in series
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4.1. Battery Connections
To maximize battery performance and ensure safe operation of your battery, use
the appropriate cable size and tighten connections using the proper torque
value. It is recommended to use a washer. Canbat lithium batteries include
free bolts and washers. Refer to the data sheet for your particular battery's
torque value and the size of the included bolts.
4.2. Cable Size
Choose the appropriate cable size basedon the expectedload of yoursystemand
the length of the cable (refer to the table on the next page).Allowable
Ampacities for coppercables ratedat 167°F (75°C) operating at an ambient
temperature of 86°F (30°C).
4.3. Torque Values
Terminal connections should adhere to the appropriate torque values for the
specifiedterminal type to provide optimumelectrical conductivity. Referto
the data sheetfor yourparticular battery’s torque value.Over- or under-
tightening the connections can result interminal breakage,overheating and/
or terminal melting. Use arubberhandledor insulatedwrench whenmaking
terminal connections to avoidan external short circuit.
4.4. Terminal Protection
Battery terminals may be covered with a plastic cap to prevent an external short
circuit. You can also install a piece of plywood on top of the battery. This
is important if your batteries are exposed, as opposed to being in a battery box
or a compartment. Terminal protection is also important when recycling your
battery. Please always cover the terminals prior to disposing your battery to a
lithium recycler.
8
. BATTERY INSTALLATION
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LENGTH IN FEET
CURRENT (A)
0-5
5-10
10-15
15-20
20-25
25-30
30-40
40-50
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
90-100
100-120
120-150
150-200
16 AWG
16 AWG
14 AWG
14 AWG
12 AWG
10 AWG
8 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0 AWG
2/0 AWG
0-4
16 AWG
16 AWG
14 AWG
12 AWG
10 AWG
10 AWG
8 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0 AWG
2/0 AWG
4-7
16 AWG
16 AWG
12 AWG
12 AWG
10 AWG
10 AWG
8 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0 AWG
2/0 AWG
7-10
12 AWG
16 AWG
10 AWG
10 AWG
8 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0 AWG
2/0 AWG
10-15
10 AWG
14 AWG
10 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0 AWG
2/0 AWG
15-20
1/0 AWG
10 AWG
12 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
2/0 AWG
4/0 AWG
20-25
1/0 AWG
1/0 AWG
1/0 AWG
10 AWG
12 AWG
8 AWG
6 AWG
6 AWG
4 AWG
4 AWG
2 AWG
2 AWG
1/0AWG
1/0 AWG
4/0 AWG
4/0 AWG
25-30
2/0 AWG
1/0 AWG
1/0 AWG
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4.5. Battery Orientation
Canbat LiFePO4 batteries can be installed upright or on their sides. Please ensure
the battery is fastened if installed in a moving vehicle, such as in an RV or a boat.
4.6. Series or Parallel Connections
When connecting batteries in series or parallel, please follow these guidelines:
(1) Make sure each battery is within 50mV (0.05V) of each other before putting
them in service. This will minimize the chance of imbalance between batteries. If
your batteries get out of balance, the voltage of any battery is >50mV (0.05V)
from another battery in the set, you should charge each battery individually
to rebalance. Canbat 12V LiFePO4 batteries support series connections up to 4
units. 24V, 36V and 48V lithium batteries do not support series connections.
(2) Size batteries in parallel accordingly: The capacity of batteries (rated in
amp hours) when connected in parallel is increased by the multiple of
the batteries connected (2x, 3x, 4x, etc). However, the current ratings
(discharge and charge) for parallel batteries is only increased by 75% of the
multiple of the batteries connected (1.5x, 2.25x, 3x, etc). For example, the
CLI100-12 is a 12.8V 100Ah LiFePO4 battery. The battery is capable of discharging
100A continuously. When connecting two in parallel, the maximum continuous
discharge increases to 150A. Canbat 12V, 24V and 36V LiFePO4 batteries support
parallel connections of up to 4 units. Canbat 48V LiFePO4 batteries support up to
14 to 20 units in parallel, depending on the model of the battery. Always refer to
the battery’s data sheet of your specific battery model.
(3) Please reference Canbat LiFePO4 Charging Instructions document for series
and parallel charging.
Specifications for CLI00-2 Batteries in Parallel
Battery Quantity v 2 3 4
Voltage 12.8 12.8 12.8 12.8
Capacity (Ah) 100 200 300 400
Max Continuous Discharge
Current 100 150 225 300
Peak Discharge Current 200 300 450 600
Rec'd Charge Current 50 75 113 150
Max Charge Current 100 150 225 300
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. BATTERY STORAGE
Some people use their LiFePO4 batteries seasonally such as while camping
in the summer or while ice fishing in the winter. It is common for some
people to store lithium batteries during the off-season. When storing
LiFePO4 batteries, it is important to store them properly to ensure they do
not get damaged and to keep them at peak performance for many years
ahead. Based on the temperature and length of time, here’s a summary of
how to store your LiFePO4 battery:
· Recommended storage temperature: -5 to +35°C (23 to 95 °F)
· Storage up to 1 month: -20 to +60°C (4 to 140 °F)
· Storage up to 3 month: -10 to +35°C (14 to 95 °F)
· Extended storage time: +15 to +35°C (59 to 95 °F)
It is highly recommended to store lithium batteries indoor during the off season.
LiFePO4 batteries have a low self-discharge rate of 2% a month. This means that when
a lithium battery is stored, it’ll lose 2% of its charge capacity every month. In order to
prevent a higher rate of discharge, we recommend disconnecting all power draw from
your batteries. When you store LiFePO4 batteries, it is important that you store them
with a state of charge (SOC) of 50% or higher. A higher state of charge is recommended
when storing for an extended period of time. If you want the battery to retain a good
level of charge after the storage period is over, you should charge them to 100% and
store them in that fully charged state.
There are major consequences if you store your LiFePO4 battery without a charge.
Because of the 2% self-discharge rate, the battery can become over-discharged. The level
of discharge can potentially go below what the BMS can protect. This is why it is very
important to charge your lithium battery before you store it. It is highly recommended
that you also store the lithium battery at room temperature, especially when storing
them for an extended period of time. Refer back to the above information to see how
long you can store LiFePO4 at various temperature ranges. Over-discharging the cells
due to storage without a charge can cause permanent damage and void your 10-year
battery warranty. The Canbat built-in BMS logs all activities performed on the battery
including storage. Every charge and every discharge is recorded, along with various
other factors, such as temperature.
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. BATTERY DISCHARGING
6.1. Discharge Temperature
LiFePO4 batteries generate a fraction of the heat of other lithium chemistries
when discharging, making them very safe. LiFePO4 batteries can safely discharge
between -20°C to 60°C (-4°F to 140°F). All Canbat LiFePO4 come with a BMS
that protects the battery from low and high temperatures. If the BMS disconnects
due to low temperature, the battery must warm up for the BMS to reconnect. If
the battery disconnects due to high temperature, wait until the temperature
reduces. Please refer to your particular battery’s data sheet for BMS low
temperature and high temperature cut-o󾪡 values.
6.2. Discharging your LiFePO4 Battery
LiFePO4 batteries can be discharged up to 100% of their capacity. However,
to optimize the performance of your LiFePO4 battery, and to avoid the BMS
disconnecting the battery, we recommend limiting the discharge to 80%.
Please refer to your battery’s data sheet for the maximum rate of discharge
for your specific battery model.
6.2. Discharging Rate
Most Canbat LiFePO4 batteries can be discharged continuously at a rate of
1C. For example a 12V 100Ah battery can output 100A continuously until it
is fully discharged, which would be in one hour. Similarly, a 12V 200Ah
Canbat LiFePO4 battery can discharge 200A continuously until it is fully
discharged. Each battery also has a peak discharge rate, which is usually 2
to 3 times the continuous rate. The peak discharge only lasts for 3 seconds.
Please consider both the continuous discharge rate and the peak discharge
rate of your battery when deciding on the inverter size. Always refer to
your battery’s datasheet this information. They are referred to as Maximum
Continuous Discharge Current and Peak Discharge Current. If you need any
help with this, please contact us and one of our experts will be happy to
help.
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11
. BATTERY CHARGING
7.1. When to Charge your LiFePO4 Battery
If LiFePO4 batteries are not fully discharged, they do not need to be charged
after each use. LiFePO4 batteries do not get damaged when left in a partial
state of charge (PSOC). You can charge your LiFePO4 batteries after each use or
when they have been discharged up to 80% (20% SOC). If the BMS disconnects
the battery due to low voltage, at 100% depth of discharge, remove the load
to reconnect the battery circuit and charge immediately. You must use a
LiFePO4 battery charger in order for the BMS to reconnect.
7.2. Charging Temperature
Lithium Iron Phosphate batteries generate a fraction of the heat of other
lithium chemistries when charging, making them very safe. LiFePO4 batteries can
safely charge between 0°C to 45°C (32°F to 113°F). Canbat Low Temperature
series (LT) can be charged between -20°C to 45°C (-4°F to 113°F). The LT
series has a built-in heating system which activates when the temperature
reaches the freezing point. It works by warming up the lithium cells to
above freezing and only then would the BMS allow in the charging current.
LiFePO4 batteries do not require temperature compensation for voltage when
charging at hot or cold temperatures. All Canbat LiFePO4 come with a BMS
that protects the battery from under-temperature and over-temperature. If the
BMS disconnects due to low temperature while charging, the battery must warm
up for the BMS to reconnect and continue charging. If the battery disconnects
due to high temperature, the BMS will not allow the battery to recharge until
the battery’s temperature is reduced.
Please refer to your particular battery’s data sheet for BMS low temperature
and high temperature cut-o󾪡 values.
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7.3. Charging with Lead-Acid Chargers
Most lead-acid battery chargers can be used with LiFePO4 batteries as
long as they are within the appropriate voltage parameters. AGM and
Gel algorithms typically fall within the LiFePO4 voltage requirements,
but you are still required to check the charging algorithm of your
specific charger. The voltage for flooded battery charging algorithms
are often higher than LiFePO4 requirements, which will result in the
BMS disconnecting the battery at the end of the charge cycle and may
result in the charger displaying an error code. If this happens, it is
generally good practice to replace your charger. Since the BMS
protects the battery, using lead-acid chargers will not damage the
battery. Please refer to Canbat’s Lithium Charging Instruction document
for complete charging guidelines. Important: If your battery’s BMS
disconnects due to low voltage during discharge, the battery’s voltage
will read 0V. In this case, a lead-acid battery charger may not be able
reconnect the BMS and recharge the battery. This is because a lead-
acid battery charger requires a voltage reading to start charging. A
LiFePO4 battery charger is required to reconnect the BMS, as it is
designed to charge at 0V. This is why it’s always recommended to use
a charger designed for LiFePO4 batteries.
. BMS OPERATION
All Canbat LiFePO4 batteries come with a BMS, which protects against:
Under and Over-Voltage/Current - during charging and discharing
Temperature Extremes - low and high temperature cut-off
Protection from Shorts - internal circuit
If the BMS disconnects the battery due to voltage or current limits, you
must remove the load to reconnect the battery. If the BMS disconnects the
battery due to temperature limits, you must wait for the temperature to
adjust to reconnect the battery. While short-circuit protection protects the
battery’s cells, it still may produce a spark and damage your cable or bolt,
so it is best to avoid short circuit conditions.
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. BATTERY RECYCLING
Terminals must be covered with a protective cap or non-conductive tape
prior to battery disposal to a lithium recycler. Dispose of LiFePO4 batteries
at an authorized lithium recycling facility or send it to Canbat and we will
recycle it for free.
[email protected]
[phone]
www.canbat.com
TECHNICAL SUPPORT
If you have technical questions about your Canbat
battery, please contact the original place of purchase
or Canbat Technologies Inc. directly:

Canbat Technologies Inc. provides customers with the highest quality and safest lithium iron phosphate battery products.All rights
reserved. Canbat Technologies Inc. is not liable for damages that may result from any information provided in or omitted from
this publication, under any circumstances. Failure to follow Canbat installation guidelines may invalidate the warranty. Canbat
reserves the right to make adjustments to this publication at anytime, without notice or obligation.
CANADIANBATTERYMANUFACTURER
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