Casio BF-100 User manual

_
ELECTRONIC
CALCULATOR
CALCULADORA
ELECTRONICA
OPERATION MANUAL
MANUAL
DE
OPERACION
O062E SA #® Printed in Japan

Thank
you
very
much
for
purchasing
our
electronic
calculator
with
6
built-in
financial
calculation
functions.
This
instruction
manual
explains
the
fundamental
methods
for
the
use
and
handling
of
the
calculator.
Please
read
it
carefully
so
that
you
may
fully
understand
all
of
the
various
functions.
| Please notify us of any errors or omissions you find in this manual. We
cannot
be
responsible
for
damage
or
loss
resulting
from
the
information
contained herein, use of calculation examples, misprints or omissions.
rn
CONTENTS
T/INOMENCLATURE
2...
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2
Z2/POINTS
OF
CAUTION
2...
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tenet
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eens
10
3/IBATTERY
MAINTENANCE
...
1...
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eee
eee
teen
tenes
10
4/BEFORE
USING
THE
CALCULATOR
........
eee
eee
ete
tenes
11
5B/BASIC
CALCULATIONS
2...
cece
cee
ee
er
eee
te
eer
eee
eee
eens
13
Four
Basic
Calculations
0.0.0.
ne
ee
ee
13
Constant
GalewlatiGns:
20.8
we
4g
sh
aaa
he
Se,
ee
does
Babee
EE
Oe
Ra
ae
ale
Ser
13
Percentage
Calculations
0...
es
15
Memory
Calculations...
0.
ee
eae
on
re
in
17
Dale
Cateulitions:
64.44
sn
ae
ee
a
ee
a
ee
ee
ee
ee
ie
aoe
a
pet
18
Farner:
Calculations:
6
soe.04
bec
head
alee
ba
ee
a
OS
Re
ee
aie
He
ob
ea
ee
OR
21
G/FINANCIAL
CALCULATIONS
2.0...
6.
cee
ee
eee
ee
eee
eee
ees
23
Compound
Interest
Calculations
.........-.--0.
SSE
LR
os
Oe
disses
U
ita
cia
Ieee
24
Coan
Caleulations
fentcdie
ss
£
oe
acne
bia
ee
ek
SR
Eee
a
ges
by
Ge
Bose
as
30
Annual
Payments
2.0.00
0000
0c
ce
ee
eee
ee
eee
bee
DE
eee
nee
es
36
Bonus
Payments.
o.oo
ee
lead
hep
dae
ae
ee
eb
etek
ee
De
de
Re
ae
39
fistallmentSavinigs:
.a.h.fa
beetle
ead
Ge
SEES
ea
a
He
eae
eats
haha
baal
RS
42
Deferred
Annuity
Present
Values
205.
ee
ee
49
7/APPLICATIONS
......
Sie
atieree
se
ase
kus
euaks
eres
he
eer
er:
51
B/SPECIFICATIONS
1...
0...
cee
eee
ee
tee
eee
eee
teeta
58
pore 1 -.
et

i. 3 ewe
1/NOMENCLATURE
”
eee
en
eee
(1)
Power
switch
aan:
Move
the
slide
switch
to
the
right
to
turn
the
power
ON.
The
independent
memory
and
Made
designation
for
financial
calculation
will
be
retained
even
after
the
power
is
turned
OFF.
(2) Display
ENTINV
EXET
INT
LOAN
SF
AMORT
BNS
(ry
ama
M
Im
muUecc
moc
Le
K
(EL
ltt
CE
at,
(iss
(314)(24)————__
(25)(26)(27)
The
display
shows
input
data,
intermediate
results
and
results
of
operation,
(18)(19)(20)—---.._]
fe
(211221123)
A
date
is
displayed
as
follows:
(14)(13)(12)
oe
“—"
will
not
be
lit
from
the
year
2000
to
2099.
[Indicating
May.
29
(Fri.),
1981.)
on ae
Year
Month
Date
Day*
esac
i
ae
1
i
ae
ee
4
;
Sun.
Mon.
Tue,
Wed.
Thu.
[esa
Fri, | Sai.
-3-

“E™ (error check, see page 12) may be displayed in the position of the least digit
In
financial
calculations,
"INT",
“LOAN”,
“SF,
“AMORT",
“BNS",
“GEM
ange
“fm will be displayed to indicate the operating mode, “ENT/INV’ to indicate «.
condition available for data input, and "py" to indicate the condition available for recs:
output,
“M" will be displayed when data is stored in the independent memory.
“KO will be displayed during calculation with constants.
ENT INV
(3) Entry/Inverse key
e
When
entering
data,
press
this
key
just
prior
to
pressing
each
key.(Symbolized
here
as
&
}
e@
When
activating
the
functions
printed
in
orange
on
the
keyboard,
press
this
key
just
prias
to pressing each key. (Symbolized here as {w))
ANS
(4) Answer key (Symbolized here as @3 )
For
financial
calculations,
to
find
the
answer,
press
this
key
just
prior
to
pressing
each
key
(5) al Mode key (Symbolized here as )
@
Press
this
key
to
choose
the
proper
mode
for
financial
calculations
(INT,
LOAN,
St.
AMORT,
BNS).
When
this
key
is
pressed,
the
mode
will
change
in
sequence
from
INT
to
LOAN
to
SF
to
AMORT
to
BNS
to
INT.
Selected
mode
will
be
displayed
when
the
key
os
pressed.
.
@
if
(oe)
key
is
pressed
following
the
key,
Beginning
of
Period
Payment
(
Ba)
or
End
of
Period
Payment
(
GB
)
will
be
selected
and
displayed.
" Any mode may be used when performing basic calculations,
-4-
(6) (0) —(S), (-) Numeral and decimal point keys
To enter numerals, press these keys.
For decimal places, press the G) key in its logical sequence.
(7) €3, &8, £9. Gi. Four basic calculation and equal keys
When performing four basic calculations, press these keys. The Ei key obtains an answer.
* Constant calculations will be performed by pressing each key (E93. GY. E39 or H}) twice
successively. (See page 13.)
(8) Percent key
When performing percentage calculations, press this key.
(9) Sign change key
When changing the sign of displayed number from plus to minus and vice versa, press this
key. :
on FX : . ,
(10) “et? All clear/Financial calculation clear key
@ Press this key to clear all data except independent memory and financial calculating value.
Also press for display when display is blank as a result of the Auto Power Off Function
(Automatic Power Saving Function. .... see page 12).
e For financial calculation, prior to beginning to calculate, press @) G to clear total value
memory.

(11) (@ Clear key
When
clearing
entry
for
correction,
press
this
key.
M+
(12)
Memory
plus
key
(Symbolized
here
as
3)
Press
this
key
when
adding
displayed
number
to
the
contents
of
the
independent
memory,
It
has
the
same
function
as
that
of
the
EJ
key;
it
obtains
an
answer
in
four
basic
calculations
and
automatically
add
the
answer
to
the
contents
of
the
memory.
Mow
(13)
@
Memory
minus
key
(Symbolized
here
as
©)
Press
this
key
when
subtracting
displayed
number
from
the
contents
of
the
independent
memory.
It
obtains
an
answer
in
four
basic
calculations
and
automatically
subtracts
the
answer
from
the
contents
of
the
memory.
(14)
Ee
Memory
recall
key
(Symbolized
here
as
a)
)
Press
this
key
when
recalling
the
contents
of
the
independent
memory
without
clearing.
Min
.
(15)
@
Memory
entry
key
(Symbolized
here
as
(3
)
.
Press
this
key
when
stering
displayed
number
to
the
independent
memory.
Old
data
held
in
the
memory
will
be
automatically
cleared.
;
-6-
PRN
(16)
ss
Principal/Number
of
days
key
®
To
calculate
the
principal
portion
of
an
amortized
loan,
press
this
key
following
the
(#3)
key.
This
key
will
only
be
used
to
calculate
equal
periodic
payments
in
the
AMORT
mode.
(Symbolized
here
as
fj)
,
@
When
inputting
the
number
of
days
from
the
date
of
loan
lo
the
date
of
the
first
payment,
press
this
key
following
the
fj
key.
This
key
will
only
be
used
to
perform
bonus
payment
in
the
BNS
mode.
(Symbolized
here
as
(d))
BALIN
(17)
§&
Balance/Number
of
months
key
®
To
find
the
remaining
blance,
press
this
key
following
the
@g
key.
(Symbolized
here
as
a)
)
*
When
inputting
the
number
of
months
from
the
month
of
loan
to
the
first
bonus
payment
month,
press
this
key
following
the
fi)
key.
This
key
will
only
be
used
to
perform
bonus
payment
in
the
BNS
mode.
(Symbolized
here
as
(n))
INT
(18) gM Interest key
When
inputting
interest,
press
this
Key
following
(a4),
To
find
interest,
press
following
fs}.
(Symbolized
here
as
(7)
)
n
(19)
§
Number
of
periods
key
ie
When
inputting
number
of
periods.
press
this
key
following
fq.
To
find
number
of
periods,
press
following
@.
(Symbolized
here
as
()})
fo awe

Pobre eh re ot
i %
(20)
gg
Interest
rate
key
When
inputting
interest
rate,
press
this
key
following
fi).
To
find
interest
rate,
press
following
a).
(Symbolized
here
as
(i)
)
PMT
(21)
g@
Payment
key
When
inputting
monthly
payment
amount,
press
this
key
following
fy)
.
To
find
monthly
payment
amount,
press
following
&.
When
using
this
key,
the
number
of
periods,
interest
rate,
etc.
must
be
on
a
monthly
basis.
(Sy
mbolized
here
as
fu)
PY
(22)
gm
Present
value
key
When
inputting
original
amount,
present
value
or
amount
borrowed,
press
this
key
following
eMT
To
find
original
amount,
present
value
or
amount
borrowed,
press
following
&§
.
(Symbolized
here
as
Fv)
}
FV BNS
(23)
gg
Future
value/Bonus
key
®
When
inputting
future
value
(total
future
value
of
principal
plus
interest},
press
this
key
following fy).
To
find
future
value,
press
following
fg.
(Symbolized
here
as
fy)
e
When
inputting
bonus
payment,
press
this
key
following
&.
This
key
will
only
be
used
to
perform
bonus
payment
in
the
BNS
mode.
(Symbolized
here
as
&3)
-§-
DATE
(24)
gg
Date
key
,
When
performing
number
of
days
calculation,
press
this
key
after
inputting
numbers
for
year,
month
and
date.
(Symbolized
here
as
ait)
)
r
(25)
gg
Square
root
key
.
To
calculate
the
square
root
of
displayed
number,
press
this
key.
(Symbolized
here
as
(7)
log 7
(26)
Common
logarithm
key
To
find
the
common
logarithm
of
displayed
number,
press
this
key.
(Symbolized
here
as
(cg)
xr”
(27)
ge
Power
raising
key
To
raise
the
base
x
to
yth
power.
(Symbolized
here
as
&)
we reins e eamuanpeeee”
2 ge Ree

PRAM ain td aM Pn te FORA nek ea td a LE RN cde a ane erate tree A CR EE uate RO TR te ut Rae denied oe
2/POINTS
OF
CAUTION
*
Since
the
unit
contains
precise
electronic
components,
never
attempt
to
disassemble
it.
For
servicing
contact
your
retailer
or
a
nearby
dealer.
*
Be
careful
not
to
drop
the
unit
or
handle
it
roughly.
Avoid
operating
the
keys
roughly.
:
F :
*
Avoid
using
the
unit
in
extreme
temperatures
(below
32
F
or
O°C,
or
above
104°F
or
°
i
Ex
{
2
humid
conditions.
40’C).
Also
protect
the
unit
from
extremely
dusty
or
;
“To
clean
the
unit,
use
a
soft,
dry
cloth
or
slightly
damp
cloth
with
neutral
detergent
to
wipe
it
off.
Never
use
thinner,
benzine
type
solvents
or
alcohol
for
cleaning.
3/BATTERY
MAINTENANCE
r
decreases,
the
whole
display
darkens.
Battery
should
then
be
renewed
t
patter
owe
3)
:
pee
oka
the
power
before
changing.
For
battery
specifications,
see
page
57.
Be
sure
to
switch
OFF
Replacement
of
battery:
1)
tide
open
the
battery
compartment
lid
on
the
back
of
the
unit.
2}
Remove
dead
battery
and
insert
new
battery
with
the
plus
terminal
(flat
side)
on
top.
a
~10-
3) Replace the battery compartment tid.
* Before inserting new battery, be sure to thoroughly wipe it off with a dry cloth to
maintain good contacts.
* Never leave dead battery in the battery compartment.
* Remove battery when not using for an extended period.
* It is recommended that battery be replaced every 2 years to prevent the chance of
malfunctions due to battery leakage. ,
Note: For initial operation after battery replacement, turn the power switch on and off
twice (i.e. ON-OFF-ON).
4/BEFORE USING THE CALCULATOR
™ Correction .
* If you are aware of data entry error before pressing a command key, oress (@ and re-input
the correct data.
. if you have pressed 3, f2, €or by mistake, you may press the correct key
immediately.
-y1-
io See

® Overflow or error check
Overflow
or
error
is
indicated
by
the
“E'
sign
and
stops
further
calculations.
Overflow or error occurs:
1)
When
the
integer
part
of
an
answer,
whether
intermediate
or
final,
exceeds
10
digits.
However,
the
significant
10
digits
of
the
answer
are
given
and
the
decimal
point
indicates
that
the
true
decimal
position
is
10
digits
to
the
right.
2)
When
the
integer
part
of
an
accumulated
total
in
the
memory
exceeds
10
digits.
3)
When
a
number
is
divided
by
O
(zero).
4)
When
function
calculation
or
financial
calculation
is
per
the input range (see page 54 to 56).
To
release
the
overflow
or
error
check,
press
the
f
or
(
key:
G
for
starting
a
new
calculation,
and
@
for
continuing
the
calculation,
which
clears
only
the
E”’
sign.
formed
with
a
number
exceeding
™ Auto power off function
if
the
calculator
is
left
with
the
power
switch
at
the
ON
position,
the
auto
power
off
function
automatically
turns
off
the
power
in
approximately
6
minutes,
thus
saving
battery
life.
Power
is
resumed
either
ty
pressing
the
G
key
or
by
re-operating
the
ON-OFF
switch.
~12—-
5/BASIC CALCULATIONS
5-1 Four Basic Calculations
EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
534123-63=113
5381238638
113.
0.456x(-89)+12=—-3.382 J456889H0126 “3.302
(56x3-89)+5.2+63
=7B.19230169aee.
5603089050)20638
_78.19230769
5-2 Constant Calculations
EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
3+2.3=5.3
2(J
30038
6+2.3=8.3
68
Se 13 -
i. See

EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
7-5.6=1.4
567
|
1.4
-4.5-5.6=
-10.1
40)5@8
2.3x12=27.6
12802038
(-9)x12=-108
96
|x
—
108.
74=2.5=29.6
20/5674
|
85.2=2.5=34.08
17+17+17+17=68
1.77=2.89
1.77=4.913
1.7°=8.3521
85028
|x
1708
=
a
oO
x
00
16)
oO
NO
—_
-14-
Ww
BIN
ore
|
ae
q7 0:25
Me
2
mn
=0.0625
5-3
Percentage
Calculations
EXAMPLE
£9040
1500
2<.ae
sees
Se
hee
180
Percentage
of
660
against
880....--
75%
15%
add-on
of
2500
...----+00
00:
2875
25008315t)ma
|
2875.
|
,;
apeie[,
0-25)
Bik
0.0625
OPERATION
READ-OUT
150089128
scomesom
[7]
25%
discount
of
3500
...--
+++
0+"
2625
3500825%)
&
|
2625.
|
If
you
made
$80
last
week
and
$100
this
week,
what
ts
the
percent
increase?
..----
—-15-
roomeoss
[25]
(%)
fs Nee

EXAMPLE
12%
of
1200
..
6.
.
eee
eee
144
18%
of
1200.0...
eee
ee
eet
216
23%
of
1200...
eee
eee
tts
276
Mark-up
What
will
the
selling
price
and
profit
be
when
the
purchasing
price
of
an
item
$480
and
the
profit
rate
to
the
selling
price
is
25%?
,
Mark-down
What
will
the
bargain
price
and
loss
be
ifa
$130
item
is
sold
at
a
loss
rate
of
4%
of
the
bargain
price?
OPERATION
1200 96312 &)
18%)
23%)
480 325%)
(Subsequently) Ea
130N444)
(Subsequently) Gad
~16-
READ-OUT
(Selling price)
.
(Profit)
(Bargain
price)
(Loss)
+) 99+4= 24.75
5-4
Memory
Calculations
*
The
contents
of
the
memory
will
be
retained
even
after
the
power
is
turned
OFF.
*
When
a
new
number
is
entered
into
the
memory
by
f4
key,
the
previous
number
stored
is
automatically
cleared
and
the
new
number
is
put
in
the
memory.
*
To
clear
the
contents,
press
&
J
or
(@
mJ
in
sequence.
READ-OUT
EXAMPLE
OPERATION
53+6=
59
53068
23-8=
15
2388)
56x2=112
56E2m)
99 fi 4)
210.75
567-7
4123)
+
(2K3)+(2%3)—(2X3I=19
7M
2933eBeo
we
-17-
eye nT ere
ts Se wee

EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
12x3=
36
3ne12e86
(Y
36]
~)
45x3=135
456
ao
Saas
788)
Vee
9x6+3
1
aoe
Ja2nseR
|
40.)
.
Bxge2n
9n6n3am@e
|”
1.425
5-5 Date Calculations
*
Input
for
date
calculation
is
limited
to
January
1,
1901
through
December
31,
2099.
*
Date
calculations
are
computed
by
using
only.
the
last
2
digits
of
the
year,
when
the
calendar
range
is
1901
to
1999.
Enter
full
four
digits
for
years,
2000
to
2099.
-~18-
EXAMPLE : OPERATION READ-OUT
What will the day of the week be on
un ge2e 82am [ 82-01-01 5 |
(Friday)*
“ See page 3 on day of the week.
What will the day of the week be on
Mar. 1, 1990? -908 38 90-03-01 4
(Thu.)
* When pressing .&3.6. @or key after inputting year (or year & month), the first
date of the year (or month) will be displayed. ;
pees on ad of the week be on 2001 (aii) 1 2 id a4 (ais) 01 1 2 at)
(Mon.)
How many days are there from Oct. S ote
20 to Dec. 13. 1981? 811209138 81-12-13 O
81H 10%) 208 54.
-~19-
ott . ¢ 2 ae Tn ORC e re |
yo eee

EXAMPLE
What date and day of the week will
the 200th day from Jul. 7, 1981 be?
What date and day was it 45 days
prior to Jun. 10, 1981?
What dates will the 50th, 100th and
150th day from Apr. 7, 1982 be?
* A date can be stored into the memory.
OPERATION READ-OUT
8 1 Oa 7 Ga) 7 81-07-07 2
200 6 82-01-23 6
81 ta) 6 WH 108d 81-06-10 3
458 81-04-26 O
x 82-04-07 3
x 82-05-27 4
82M 40 7 ea
508
1008
1508
x 82-09-04 6
-~20-
x 82-07-16 5|-
5-6 Function Calculations (\/, log, x”)
EXAMPLE
¥5 =2.236067977
V81=3
(¥2+73)x3=9.43879311
log 1.23 (=10g ,.1.23)=0.089905111
(log14.7+ log52)x4=15.53328272
OPERATION READ-OUT
50
8100
20830038
10236
147 (od & S2Whb40 15.53328272
10'-73=16.98243652
(Obtain the antilogarithm of log 1.23.)
-21
10810238 16.98243652
i> Swe

EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
5.623=52.58143837
506@203e
|
52.58143837
428=32
2asmw4e
[x
32.
0.1622=0.01024
168
|
0.01024
925=243
gale
243.
(78-23)
-3=0.00000601
1
7823038
[|
0.000006011
2x3.4'5'67'=3306232
5960786
3048W@028
-22-
6/FINANCIAL
CALCULATIONS
e
Press
the
key
and
set
the
mode
which
corresponds
to
the
type
of
desired
financial
calculation.
e
When
you
start
to
calculate,
press
[ww
3
to
clear
the
memory
for
financial
calculation.
(&@
will
not
clear
the
memory)
e
When
making
inputs
with
each
key,
press
the
(7
key
after
putting
in
the
numbers
then
press
each
key.
Also,
to
find
the
calculated
result,
press
each
key
after
the
4
key.
@
Contents
of
input
data
can
be
checked
by
directly
pressing
each
key.
@
Input
interest
rate
by
key
as
a
percentage
rate.
@
Input
number
of
periods
and
interest
rate
should
correspond.
;
If
number
of
periods
is
in
years,
interest
rate
should
be
the
yearly
interest
rate.
If
number
of
periods
is
in
months,
interest
rate
should
be
the
monthly
interest
rate.
If
number
of
periods
is
in
days,
interest
rate
should
be
the
daily
interest
rate.
Notes:
a)
It
may
take
a
long
time
to
calculate
the
interest
rate.
In
this
case,
to
stop
the
calculation
while
in
progress,
keep
pressing
the
GM
key
until
the
display
gues
to
O.
b)
If
the
result
of
the
calculation
is
too
great
a
number,
an
error
display
(“E"')
will
appear,
This
can
be
cleared
by
pressing
@
or
.
However,
the
financial
calculation
memory
will
retain
the
stored
value.
~23-
i. Nee

6-1
Compound
Interest
Calculations
e
Compound
interest
calculation
is
performed
in
the
INT
mode
(press
key
until
“INT
is
displayed).
e
Financial
keys
used
for
compound
interest
calculation
are
&),(0,@,
and
EY)
.
@
Each
data
element
can
be
calculated
as
follows:
Total
amount
of
principal
and
interest
FV
=PV
(1+
ry
ae
ae
FV
Principal
PV
=
FV
(141)
.
a
are.
Number
of
periods
ne
Tog(1+i)
:
4,
FV
an
|
Interest
rate
1%
=
py!
—
1
j
*
100
Interest
L=pvir+i)"—Pv
1.
Total
amount
of
principal
and
interest
Example
1
—
What
is
the
total
amount
of
principal
and
interest
on
a
$5,000
principal
at
6%
annual
interest
compounded
annually
over
a
period
of
7
years?
~24-
READ-OUT
OPERATION
Press
key
until
“INT”
is
displayed.
(same
for
below)
“wr”
=
(number
of
years)
7
OO
(annual
interest)
6
H&E
iat
eee
(principal)
5000
Bry
(total
amount
of
principal
and
interest)
fxs)
FY)
*
Data
may
be
input
in
any
sequence.
(same
for
below)
Example
2
—
Recalculate
Example
1
for
semiannual
compounding
of
interest,
OPERATION READ-OUT
i
72808
ca280m
5000889
ae
~25-
fe Nee

2. Compound interest initial deposit
Example — How much principal must be initially deposited to accumulate $10,000 at the
end of 2 years if the annual interest rate is 4% and principal and interest are
compounded every 3 months?
OPERATION READ-OUT
“INT”
= | as
(period) 24am {| — B.}-
(interest rate) 4846 1.
(total amount of principal and interest) 10000 mI FY
(initial deposit) . ws Py
3. Compound interest investment
Example — What is the interest rate required to receive a return of $7,000 on a $4,000
investment if the money is invested for 10 years and principal and interest are
compounded annually?
-26-
sh
i
OPERATION
~.
o
READOUT...
“INT”
wy)
3
(period)
10
@)
0)
(principal)
4000
(total
amount
of
principal
and
interest)
7000
7000.
(interest
rate)
(urs)
(F%)
5.755705034
4. Compound interest period
Example
—
How
many
years
will
it
take
to
reach
$10,000
if
you
deposit
$500
at
5.4%
annual
interest
compounded
monthly?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
iny) &3
50)48128
(principal)
500
(total
amount
of
principal
and
interest)
10000
(period
....
number
of
months)
{ans}
(72)
(number
of
years)
128
4000.
“INT
(monthly rate)
10000.
i. Sa eae

5.
Interest
calculation
Example
—
What
is
the
amount
of
interest
after
two
years
if
you
invest
$5,000
at
5%
annual
interest
and
interest
is
Compounded
every
3
months.
OPERATION
READ-OUT
“INT”
fo
ed
(ow) 53
(period)
ead)
ey
Sa
(interest
rate)
5e4g@m
[725]
|
500m
|
5000,
(principal)
(interest)
at
|
522.4305055,
:
6.
Conversion
from
nominal
interest
rate
to
effective
interest
rate
Example
—
What
is
the
effective
interest
rate
for
a
nominal
interest
rate
of
12%
annual
interest
compounded
every
3
months?
-~28-
OPERATION
READ-OUT
ar
2
(nominal
interest
rate)
12648
0%
hee
a
(assumed
principal)
100
FY
|
«100.7
(effective
interest
rate)
(ans)
(int)
12.55088099
7.
Conversion
from
effective
interest
rate
to
nominal
interest
rate
Example
—
What
is
The
nominal
interest
fate
for
an
effective
INLerest
rate
of
12.55%
compounded
every
3
months?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
ANTS
(wn
3
(period)
4
i)
0)
(assumed
Principal)
100
fi)
Py)
pees
total
amount
of
principal
and
120255
r=]
REY
(quarterly
interest
rate)
(ans)
73)
2.999798439
(annual
interest
rate)
H4g
11.99919376
~29~-
ewer,
:
=
S.
Ee
nr’
Serer
i< Ne epe

6-2 Loan Calculations
@
Loan
calculation
is
performed
using
the
LOAN
mode
(Press
the
key
until
LOAN
is
displayed.)
@
Loan
calculation
can
be
performed
using
either
end
of
period
payments
or
beginning
of
period
payments.
Press
(ay
and
to
select
‘tay’
Or
‘tay’.
e
Each
data
element
can
be
obtained
by
the
following
formulas:
End of period payment
1—~(140)7"
4)?
Principal
(amount
borrowed)
PV
=
PMT
+
Sie
Nise
La
=
PMT
-
aa
2
sea
I
I+
(1
+71)
I
be
(1+)?
Pay
P
T=
PV:
—--—_——
=
0
Se
ese
ne
_
1—(1
ery"
(140)?
—
14
-
PY
.
log
(1-1
BaF)
Number
of
periods
N=
log (1 +7)
Interest
rate
Approximation
formulas
by
Newton's
Law
-30-
Beginning of period payment
Principal (amount borrowed)
Payment
Number of periods
Interest rate
PV Pi cet tae
(147) (LV +r)h—14
i
PV i
PMT = ae 8 yp
141 1—(149)7"
i P
log = 55577 BMT?
ne —
log (1 +17)
Approximation formulas by Newton’s Law
-31-
Te EEO AOR GREEN
Yo ge Nee

1.
Borrowing
money
-
Example
—
How
much
can
be
borrowed
if
you
have
a
$450
per
month
Payback
capability
and
the
annual
interest
rate
is
7.5%
and
the
payback
period
is
15
years?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
“LOAN,
Ga"
end
of
payment
period
(same
for
below)
Press
(i)
and
0)
to
display
’
aay’
(same
for
below)
i
(payment)
450
&)
pa
|
450.
:
(interest
rate}
7O58128
00m
|
0625]
(period)
15B128
0%
|
«180.
{amount
that
can
be
borrowed)
us)
EV)
“LOAN,
ahs
eed
beanie
of
payment
period
(same
for
below)
48543.04208
{amount
that
can
be
borrowed)
"GE"
or
’
EL"
can
be
selected
at
any
time
without
affecting
the
calculation
function.
~32-
2.
Payback
Example
—
What
will
be
the
Monthly
p
at
a
6%
annual
interest
r
“LOAN,
Gy”
(period)
(interest
rate)
(amount
borrowed)
(monthly
Payment)
“LOAN,
Gay”
{monthly
payment)
ayMent
on
a
loan
of
$2,000
borrowed
for
24
Months
ate
with
interest
COMpounded
monthly?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
88.6412205]
88.2002194]
ow) F3
24
6H
2a
am
2000
my
(oa) Ga
~33-
fs eee

3. Loan payment period
Example
—
How
long
will
it
take
to
pay
back
a
loan
of
$30,000
borrowed
at
a
5.5%
annual
interest
rate
by
making
a
monthly
payment
of
$420?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
ERATION.
CCCREAD-OUT
“LOAN, Ga”
(amount borrowed)
(monthly payment)
(interest rate}
(period... 2. number of months)
(period...
..
number
of
years)
“LOAN, Eta”
(period... .. number of months)
(period... .. number of years)
we
30000 mFy
420 wea
SOS5812b mm
wg
8128
O.
7.226986667
86.23877
7.186564167
~34-
7.226986667 | ©
4.
Effective
interest
rate
Example
—
What
is
the
annual
interest
rate
for
a
$50,000
loan
when
paid
back
at
$640
per
month
over
a
period
of
25
years?
OPERATION
READ-OUT
“LOAN,
Gy"
ae
[3
perio
25012Em@
|
_300.]
50000.
(monthly
payment)
640
(i)
hy)
50000
1.249107827
14.98929392
(interest
rate...
,
monthly)
fans)
(39
(interest
rate...
.,
annual)
Hi2e
14.98929392
1.266498816
15.19798579
(amount borrowed)
“LOAN, GE”
(interest
rate...
..
monthly)
2
ge
(interest
rate...
..
annual)
&31
-35-
fs Nea

6-3 Annual Payments
©
Annual
payment
is
performed
by
inputting
amount
borrowed
(FY),
number
of
periods
((@),
and
interest
rate
(@),
and
by
calculating
monthly
payment
(PJ)
in
the
“LOAN”
mode,
Interest
portion
(BI)
and
principal
portion
(PRA)
of
a
monthly
amortized
loan,
and
remaining
balance
(@J)
are
calculated
in
the
“AMORT”
mode.
(Press
the
key
until
“AMORT"
is
displayed.)
®
Either
input
or
output
of
®y),
(2),
@
and
can
be
accomplished.
However,
fii),
and
must
be
determined
by
calculating.
@
Monthly
fay
,
and
@)
can
be
determined
by
using
the
following
formulas.
INTy
=
BALy
yet
PRN,
=
PMT
—
INT,,
BAL,
=
BAL,
;—
PRN,
Example
—
What
is
the
monthly
payment
ona
loan
of
$40,000
borrowed
for
the
Purpose
of
buying
a
house
ata
10%
annual
interest
rate
for
15
years?
Also,
find
the
@,
and
(4)
for
the
Ist
and
2nd
monthly
payments.
OPERATION
READ-OUT
:
erostnam
i)
rs
(amount
borrowed)
40000
FY
40000.
(period)
156126
ee
|
802.
{interest
rate)
108128
m
(monthly
payment)
ass}
Pra)
—- 36 -
“AMORT"
eae
429.842047
st
Month
1
[ee
(payment
to
interest)
|
333.3333332|
(payment
to
Principal)
Ge
(remaining
balance)
aascs
ase
332.5290939
39806.1
7833
interest,
payment
to
principal
and
remaining
balance
can
be
made
<
{2nd month)
-~37-
fo Nee