Casio FX-180PA User manual

Scientific
calculator
Technisch/wissenschaftlicher Rechner
Calculatrice scientifique
Calculadora
cientifica
Calcolatore scientifico
Vetenskapskalkylator
Calculator voor
wetenschappeljk
gebruik
fx
180Pa
ENGLISH
1
DEUTSCH
44
FRANCAIS
89
ESPANOL
132
I
TALIANO
175
SVENSKA 218
NEDERLANDS
261
FTZ

KEY INDEX
GENERAL KEYS
ON
P.
3,
13
QO -❑9 , Q P. 4, 14
m
P. 4, 13, 35,
41 Q
P. 4, 12, 13,
36
+F
P.
4, 12
MEMORY
KEYS
MB
P.
4,
13,
15
P.
5,
15
ao~t
P. 5, 16
I
K,n
P. 5, 16
M+ P.
5, 15
P. 5, 15
SPECIAL KEYS
P.
3 ~
P. 4,
14, 19, 22,
P. 5,
11, 14
~
P.
5,
12,
24,
32
26,
28, 32, 39
QQ P.
5, 22 =
P. 5, 22
~
P.
5,
22
P.
5,
14 f■.'kI
P.
5, 16
mo
P.
6,
24
BASE -N KEYS
@J
P.
6,
19
BINJ
P.
6,
19
P.
6, 19
I P. 6, 19
❑A —❑Q
P.
6, 19
nNo
P.
6,
21
on
P.
6,
21 P.
6,
21
=
P.
6,
21
~
P. 6,
21
P.
6, 20
FUNCTION
KEYS
P. 6,
22
P.
6, 22
P. 6, 22 ® P. 6, 23
~
P.
6,
22
P.
6, 23
bsJ
P. 6, 23
®1
P. 6, 23
In P. 7, 23 ®
P. 7,
23
P. 7,
23
Qx
' P. 7, 23
eNc
P.
7,
24 ® P.7 ® P. 7,
17 ®
P. 7, 17
Q P. 7, 23
'/ © P. 7, 24
x!
P. 7,
24 Q
P.
8, 23
x~ P.
8, 23
P. 8, 25
P.
8, 25 P.
8, 18
~
P.
8,
24
P.
8, 25
P.
8, 26
.1.

STATISTICAL KEYS
~
P.
8, 26 =
P.
8, 26
~
P. 8,
27 ®
P
8,
28
~
P. 8, 26
1
P.
8
[ix'
P. 8, 26
P.
8
Ixo~j
P. 8, 26
va
P.8
Iz
P.
8, 26 Fr
P.8
P.
9, 26
P. 9
Qn
P. 9, 26
azy
P,9
® P.
9, 28
© P. 9, 29
© P.
9, 29
QQ P.
9,
29
❑Z P. 9, 29
PROGRAMMING KEYS
Pi
P
9, 33
rz
1 J
P.
9,
34
=
P. 9, 32
®
P.
9,
34
tu
P.
9, 33
~
P.
9, 36
x>o
P.
9 P.
9,
37
PClJ
P.
9, 36
INDICATOR
INDEX
-E-
or
-C -
P. 10, 13, 35,
41
❑Q P.
4,
10
K
P. 10,
14
®
P.
3,
10
M
P.
10, 15
LRN P. 4, 10, 32, 39
BASE -N P. 4,
10,
19
fdx
P.
4,
10, 39
LR
P. 4,
10. 28
SD P.
4, 10, 26
E
P. 4,
10,
22
0
P.
4, 10, 22
p P 4, 10, 22
FIX P.
4,
10,
24
SCI
P. 4,
10,
24
P1
P. 10, 33
P2
P.
10, 33
[~jj P. 10, 33
45j12Z23.
P. 10,
17
12 °
3 °
45.6
P. 10,22
•2•

Dear
customer.
Thank
you
very
much for purchasing our
electronic
calculator.
To fully
utilize its features no
special training
is required, but
we
suggest you
study this
operation manual
to become
familiar
with
its
many
abilities. To
help
ensure its
longevity,
do not touch the
inside
of
the
calculator,
avoid hard knocks
and
undulystrong
key press-
ing.
Extreme
cold (below 32°F or
0°C), heat (above 104°F or
40°C(
and humidity
may
also affect the functions
of
the
calculator. Never
use volatile
fluid
such as lacquer thinner,
benzine. etc.
when cleaning
the
unit. For
servicing contact your retailer or
nearby
dealer.
Before starting calculation, be sure to
press the
on
key and to confirm that "0."
is
shown on the display.
'Special
care should be
taken
not to damage
the
unit by bending or dropping. For exam-
ple, do not carry it
in
your hip pocket.
INDEX
1 /GENERAL
GUIDE 3
2/ORDER OF OPERATIONS
AND LEVELS 11
3/CALCULATION RANGE AND SCIENTIFIC
NOTATION 12
4/CORRECTIONS
12
5/OVERFLOW OR
ERROR CHECK 13
6/POWER SOURCE 13
7/NORMAL CALCULATIONS
14
8/BINARY/OCTAL/DECIMAL/HEXADECIMAL CALCULATIONS 19
9/FUNCTION
CALCULATIONS 22
10/STATISTICAL CALCULATIONS 26
11/PROGRAMMED
CALCULATIONS 32
12/INTEGRALS
39
13/SPECIFICATIONS
41
1 /GENERAL GUIDE
1-1 The keys
In order
to keep
your
calculator
as compact as
possible,
each
key has
more
than
one use.
You
can
change
the
function of a
key by pressing certain
other keys
before
ii, or
by set-
ting
the calculator in
a
certain
mode.
The
following
pages will
give
you
a more detailed explanation of
the
use and functions
cf
each key.
o
ON
key
Before
starting calculation,
be sure to
press
o
and to
confirm that '
'0."
is shown on
the
display.
The
ox
key
also overrides the auto power -off function .
(seirrj
Shift key
Some of the
keys
have
brown lettering
above or below them.
To use a function
that is
brown lettering, press ®.
W
will appear on
the
Display.
Then
press the key that the
brown
lettering
identifies.
Qs
will disappear from
the Display.
.3.

Moor
Mode
key
To
put the calculator into
a desired operatingmode, or to select a specific
angular unit,
press
tMom
first, then Q, ~P,
Q,
p,... or
Q.
~ Q -
RUN
mode.
Carry
out manual calculation and program execution.
®
rxr
-
LRN
is displayed. Program
can
be written.
)IJ
- BASE -N
is displayed.
Carry out Binary/octal/decimal/hexadecimal
conversions,
calculations
and logical
operations.
®Q -
fdr
is displayed. Integral
can
be
carried
out.
®Q -
LR
is displayed. Calculate
regression
analysis.
MØ - SD is displayed. Calculate standard
deviation.
Q - l
is displayed. Use
degrees as
the
unit of angle measurement.
Qs - l
is displayed. Use radians as the unit of
angle
measurement.
© - Q
is displayed. Use grads as the unit
of
angle measurement.
QQ -
Press any number from 0 to 9 to indicate
how
many
decimal
places you
want
displayed (FIX is displayed).
)I J
-
Press any
number from 1 (1 digit) to 0 (10 digits)
to indicate
how many significant
digits you want displayed
(SCI
is displayed).
®Q -
Releases instructions entered
in
®QQ
and®®.
This
operation
also changes
the
range of the exponent display
(see
page 10).
=
(=
=
=
=
=
General keys
O0
—OO , O
Data
entry
keys
To
enter
numerical values into the
calculator,
press these keys
in their
logical sequence.
©, O,
©,
®,
Ø
Basic
calculation
keys
For
addition, subtraction,
multiplication, division
and to display answers, press these keys
in their
logical
sequence.
m
All clear
key
Press
m
to
clear everything
except the contents
of
the independent
memory
and
con-
stant memories.
0
Clear key
Press 0 to erase
wrong
entries
(including
exponential
notation) and to erase
functional
results
during
mixed calculations. The
process of calculation remains unerased.
J
Sign
change key
changes the displayed
number
from positive to negative
or from
negative to positive.
If you press Q
after
uo,
the
sign of
the exponent
will
change.
Memory
keys
MnJ
Independent
memory recall
key
Press
Mn
to recall
the contents of the
independent
memory.
(ttJ
does not
clear
the con.
tents of the memory.)
•4•

Independent
memory
in key
Press
®
to store
the
displayed value
into the
independent
memory. The
previous value
in the
memory will be
automatically erased.
M+,
EIW
OM
Memory plus and
memory minus
keys
Press
) J
to add the
displayed value to
the
value
in the independent memory.
Press ® Q
to
subtract the displayed
value from the value
in
the
independent memory.
M+ ( ® ~)
also
obtains an
answer of 4 basic calculations, x' and
x'S,
and
automatically
adds (subtracts) it to (from) the
contents
of
the
independent
memory.
The
answer
obtained
by this
addition or
subtraction will
be
the
new
value in the memory.
~
Constant
memory
recall key
Press
to
recall
the
contents
of
the
constant
memories 1
through 6. To
recall a value
stored
in constant
memory 5,
for example,
press: .
Constant memory
in key
Press ®
to store
the displayed
value into
constant memories 1
through 6. To store 12.3
into
constant
memory
3,
for
example,
press:
12.3®I3.
Special
Keys
Parentheses
keys
This
calculator calculates
in this
order: 1) functions,
2)
x' and x' ,
3)
multiplication
and
division
and
4)
addition and
subtraction. To change
this order enclose the parts that
must
be calculated
first with ®
and
l
(.
In
a single
expression,
a
maximum of 18 nesting
paren-
theses
at 6 levels
can be used.
P
Exponent key
To
enter a
number in scientific
notation,
press the
correct numbers for the mantissa,
aP
and
the correct numbers
for the
exponent.
Pi
key
Press
to display
the value of a (ratio
of
the circumference
of a
circle to its
diameter
-
3.141592654).
= ®
Sexagesimal notation/decimal notation
conversion
keys
To change from
sexagesimal (base
60)
notation (degree, minute, second) to decimal no-
tation (degree),
enter
the degree,
press , enter the minute, press
El,
enter the second
and
press . To change
from decimal notation to sexagesimal notation,
press
the cor-
rect
number keys for the degree and
then
press
Register
exchange
key
Press ®
to exchange the displayed
value (X -register) with the contents of
the work-
ing
register (Y -register). Press ®
again
to exchange
them again, so
that the value
that had
been
displayed
previously is displayed
again.
Ix..KI
Register
exchange
key
To
exchange the displayed value
(X -register)
with the content of a constant memory
(K -
register),
press ®
El
I.
Press the same keys again to
display the
originally
displayed
value.
•5•

øo
Rounding
off
internal value key
To round
off
the
internal
value (held
in
the
Y
-register) so as to be
equal to the
displayed
value.
Base -n
keys (Use
in
the
BASE -N
mode only)
occ
Decimal key
In the BASE -N mode, press
ac
to
enter decimal values, and to
convert
non
-decimal
values
to
decimal.
ruN
Binary
key
In the BASE
-N
mode
press
tJ
to
enter binary values, and to
convert non
-binary
values
to
binary.
ex
Hexadecimal key
In
the
BASE -N mode, press ® to
enter hexadecimal
values,
and to convert
non -
hexadecimal values to hexadecimal.
®
ar
E J
Octal
key
In
the
BASE -N
mode,
press
to
octal.
at
) j
to
enter octal values,
and to
convert non -octal
values
OA
—0 Enters
hexadecimal numbers A through
F.
uo
And key
® Or key
® Exclusive
Or key
Exclusive
Nor key
Not key
'These keys are used
for logical operations.
Negative key
=
Function keys
Use
=
tØ
l
Sine,
cosine, tangent
keys
® and
~
to
calculate the
trigonometric functions.
®
,
®
Arc sine, arc
cosine, arc tangent keys
To calculate
the inverse trigonometric
functions
of
the displayed value,
press
and
O
®,
®®
Common logarithm
and common antilogarithm keys
To
obtain
the
common logarithm of the displayed value, press ®. To
obtain the
common
antilogarithm
of
the displayed value
(to raise
10
to .r powers), press
®®.
•6•

In,
1WE J
Natural logarithm and
natural antilogarithm keys
To
obtain the natural
logarithm
of
the displayed value, press
Q. To obtain the
natural
antilogarithm of
the
displayed value (to raise e
(2.718281828) to .x powers), press ® ®.
Q,
®~
Square root and square keys
Press to
find
the square
root of the displayed value. To square the displayed value,
press
Engineering keys
Allows the displayed
number to be
shown with
exponents
of ten that are multiples
of
three
(e.g., 10 3 , 10 6 , 10 9 ).
Ex.)
1203456
~
®
®
®
12
E
3456
Ø
~
~
~
~
®
12.3456
12.3456 00
12345.6 —03
12345600. —06
12345600.
—06
12.3456
0.0123456 03
0.000012345 06
0.000000012
09
0.000000012
09
0.000012345
06
0.0123456 03
®,®®
Fraction keys
To
enter fractions in
fraction form, press the
correct number(s)
for
the integer (if any), ®,
the correct number(s)
for
the
numerator, ®
and the correct number(s) for
the denomina-
tor.
8y
pressing ® ® in
succession, the
displayed value
will
be
converted
to
the
improper
fraction.
Cube root
key
Press
®O
to find the
cube root
of
the displayed value.
v
Reciprocal
key
Press to
obtain
the
reciprocal of
the displayed value.
xr
Factorial key
To find
the
factorial of
the
displayed value, press
O.
.7.

xr
Power
key
Press
any
number
.r. OO,
any
number
v and
Ø
to
raise .r to the
v
power.
xy
Root
key
Press
any
number
x,
~
xb,
any
number v
and
Ø
to display
the • i
root
of .r.
Rectangular
to polar key
To convert
displayed
rectangular coordinates to
polar
coordinates, press
jn
E.
~
Polar to rectangular key
To convert displayed
polar
coordinates
to rectangular coordinates, press ®
®.
P4
Percent key
To
find a
percent
of
a displayed
number,
press the correct numbers
for
the
percent
and
~
~
Press
Random number key
uxc
to generate a
random
number between 0.000 and 0.999.
Permutation key
Press ® to perform
permutation calculations.
f
Combination key
Press ®© to perform
combination
calculations.
Statistical
keys
(Use in the
SD or LR mode only)
Ei
Statistical
register
clear
key
Before
beginning statistical
calculations, press
',
DEE
Data
entry
and
delete keys
In
the
SD
and
LR modes, enter data by
pressing
the correct numbers
and
after each
piece
of data. If you
enter
incorrect data and don't notice
your
mistake
until after
you
have
pressed ,
enter the same incorrect data and
then
press
®
to
delete the
data.
xncl
to
clear
the
statistical
egisters.
~
®
Regression analysis data
entry key
In the LR mode, press
®
after entering
the first
part
of your
data
pair.
O
r
keys
Press
® and
p
(or
~ =
Arithmetic
mean
and sum
of
square value
®)
in
the SD
or LR mode to
get the arithmetic
mean (.c
or i ) of
your
data.
Press ®
(or
®
( in
the
SD
or
LR mode to display
the sum
of
the square
value ( x 2
or =y
2 ) of
your
data.
xaa,
Ql 1
and
of
value
keys
Press ® l or
or
van).
Press ~
=
Iz,
=
~Y Population standard
deviation and
sum
ra
)
in
the
LR mode to display
the
population standard
deviation)
rUn
I l
(or
)om)
in
the
LR mode to display
the sum
of
the
value
(£r or `_ i').
.8.
~

xaM ®
yom
and
ISO,
Sample
standard
deviation,
number of
data
and sum of value
product keys
In the
LR mode, press ®
xw
(
1
®)
to display
the sample standard
deviation
(x
Un- i
or
yO,-1)
of
your data.
Press
to
display
the
number of data. In
the
LR
mode, press
to display the
sum of value
product (Exy)
of your data.
D
Constant
term
key
Press
®1iJ
to display the constant
term (A) in
the
LR mode.
©
Regression
coefficient key
In
the
LR
mode, press to obtain the regression coefficient (B).
©
Correlation coefficient key
To get the
correlation
coefficient
(r),
press ®©
in
the
LR
mode.
Q9 , ® Q
Estimator keys
In
the
LR mode, press ® to
get
the
estimator
of regression
(G).
Press
mode to
get the
estimator of regression
(fl.
Q in
the LR
Programming
keys
(Use in the LRN
mode)
vt ,
) 1
Program number key
Before
writing a program in the LRN mode, and before carrying out
a
program in
the RUN
mode,
press
) J
to
select program 1 or
a2
to select program 2.
= ®
ENT, HLT and RUN
key
To
program your calculator to stop during
a
program
so that you can
enter
variables,
press
cxr
in the LRN
mode before
each
variable. To
enter
variables into a running program (in
the
RUN
mode), press the correct numbers and then press .
To gel a
program going
again after it has
halted
in
the
RUN
mode, press . To instruct a program to
halt before
it's finished,
press
95flJ
in
the LRN mode where you want it
to stop.
pTM
Unconditional jump
(return) key
Press ®
ø(
in
the
LRN
mode to program
your calculator
to automatically return
to the
first step
of
the program.
® ® Conditional jump
keys
Use these keys in
the
LRN mode during programming.
To program your calculator
to
au-
tomatically return to
the
first step of
the program when the content of
the display (X -register)
is greater than
0 and to go
on
to the next step if the
display is not
greater
than 0,
press
~
To
program your calculator
to automatically return
to the first step of the program
when
the content
of
the display (X -register)
is
equal to or smaller than
the
independent memory
and to go
on
to the next
step
if
the display is
larger than
the content
of the independent
memory,
press
l~
®
Program clear key
Press ®®
to
erase
program(s).
•9•

1-2 The display
05 Qr M K LRN BASE
-N
fds
LR SD
f] 111 0
FIX
SCI
P1
P2
-1.2 3
4 5 6
7
8
9
1 -
u
Mantissa
Exponent
The
display shows input data, interim results and answers to calculations. The
mantissa
section
displays up to 10 digits. The exponent
section
displays up to ±99.
-E-
or
-C - Error indication.
®
Pressing of
®
Pressing
of
Øe.
M Something
is being stored
in
the
memory.
K A constant is being used
in
calculations.
LRN Learn
mode
(for programming)
BASE
-N
BASE -N mode.
fax
Integral calculation.
LR Regression analysis calculation.
SD
Standard
deviation calculation.
l
or p
or p
Angular unit.
FIX
Decimal places
of
a displayed value is
being
designated.
SCI
Significant
digits of a displayed value is being
designated.
P1
Indicates
current program
area is
P1.
P2
Indicates current
program
area is P2.
® You
have
just entered variable data into a
program or
it is time
for
you
to
enter variable data.
45~12~23.
45-12/23.
12 ° 3 ° 45.6 12°3'45.6"
■
Exponential Displays
The display
can show calculation
results
only
up to 10 digits
long. When an intermediate
value
or
a
final result
is
longer,
the
calculator automatically
switches
over to
exponential
notation.
Values
greater than 9,999,999,999 are always displayed
exponentially,
while the
lower
limit is selectable. Note the
following:
Type
Lower
limit
Upper
limit
A (Norm
1) 0.01
(10 2 )
9,999,999,999 (10 10 )
B (Norm 2)
0.000000001 (10
9 )
9,999,999,999 (10w)
Values less
than the lower
limits
or greater than
the
upper
limit shown above
are displayed
using exponential
format.
Use the
following
procedure to switch
between
the
Type
A lower limit
and the Type B low-
er
limit:
I Check the display to see if
the
FIX or SCI
symbols are
shown, indicating
that the num-
ber
of significant
digits
or
the
number of decimal
places have
been
specified. If
either
of
the
symbols
is
shown,
press
®O
to cancel the specification.
•10•

®Perform the following calculation:
1
®2O0Ø
(å`
Look at the display to see what the current
lower
limit is.
If the display reads:
5. 03 , the
current setting is Type A
If the display
reads:
0.005,
the
current setting is Type B
5-
03
0.005
g;
Press to switch between
the Type
A
and Type B
lower
limits
'Note
that
the
lower
limit is
not
changed
if
you press
®0
while the
number of signifi-
cant digits
(SCI
displayed)
and/or
the number of decimal
places (FIX displayed) are speci-
fied. The first time you press ®Qa ,
you
clear
the FIX and
SCI
specifications, and so
you must press
again
to change
the
lower limit.
2/ORDER OF
OPERATIONS
AND
LEVELS
Operations are performed
in
the
following
order of precedence:
1. Functions
2. x", x',, R- P, P -R,
nPr, nCr
3.
x, -
4.
+, -
5. AND
6.
OR, XOR, XNOR
BASE
-N
mode
Operations with the same precedence are performed
from left to right, with operations
enclosed in parentheses performed
first. tf
parentheses
are nested, the operations
en-
closed
in
the innermost
set of parentheses are performed first.
Registers
L, through L 6 are provided to store operations of
lower
precedence (includ-
ing
parenthetical operations). Since six registers are provided, calculations up to
six lev-
els
can
be retained.
Since each
level can
contain
up
to
three open parentheses, parantheses can be nested
up
to 18 times.
Ex.)
(4
levels, 5 nested parentheses)
Operation:
2 )E) JtJ3I24
JLJ5D
4
u
®3
u n
®5 a
p9
u Ø
i u i
t
1 level 1 level 1 level 1
level
A
Register
contents at
point
A.
x
L
L2
L3
L4
L 5
Le
4
[( [(5
+
4x
[([([(3
+
2x
•11•

3/CALCULATION RANGE
AND
SCIENTIFIC
NOTATION
~~~
-9.999999999 -10 •
-1 -1
• tOr•
-10 -^
0 10' •• 10 '
1 10 °
9.999999999
10• •
Normal display Scientific
Scientific notation
When the
answer
exceeds the
normal
display capacity, it is automatically shown
by
scien-
tific
notation, 10-eigit mantissa and exponents of 10 up to ±99.
-1.234567891 -99
I t
'
IY
©
®®
The minus (—)
sign for
mantissa
The mantissa
å)
The minus (—) sign
for
exponent
å,
The exponent
of ten
The whole display is read: —1.234567891 x 10 99
Entry can
be made in
scientific
notation
by using the
®
key
after entering
the mantissa.
EXAMPLE OPERATION
READ-OUT
1.234567891 x
10 '
(=
—0.001234567891)
1 Q
234567891
O+L
FXP
3O
4/CORRECTIONS
—1.234567891
—1.234567891
00
—1.234567891
—03
If you
notice
an input
mistake before you press the arithmetic operation
key, simply press
to clear
the value and enter it again.
In
a series
of
calculations, you can
correct errors
in
intermediate results by recalculating
correctly
when the error
appears and
then continuing with
the original
series
from
where
you interrupted it.
If
you make a mistake by
pressing
the wrong key
when entering
ci
Q, Q. Q, Qx
or
xk,
simply
press the appropriate key to
correct. In
this case, the
most recently
pressed
key
operation
is used, but it retains the order of precedence of
the
original operation
entered.
•12•

5/OVERFLOW
OR
ERROR CHECK
Overflow or error is
indicated by
the "-E-"
or "-C -" sign and stops
further
calculation.
Overflow or
error
occurs:
a)
When an
answer,
whether
intermediate or
final, or accumulated
total in
the
memory
is more
than 1
x
10 100 ("-E-"
sign appears).
b)
When function calculations are
performed with a
number exceeding the input range
("-E-"
sign appears).
C)
When the ranges
for any of
the
number systems used
in
the
BASE -N mode are
ex-
ceeded.
("-E-" sign appears).
d)
When unreasonableoperations
are
performed in
statistical calculations ("-E-"
sign
appears).
e)
When
the
total
number of
levels
of explicity
and/or implicity (with
addition -subtraction
versus
multiplication -division including x'
and x") nested
parentheses exceeds 6,
or
more
than 18 pairs
of
parentheses
are used ("-C -"
sign appears).
Ex.) You
have pressed the
®
key 18
times continuously
before
designating
the
se-
quence of
02 00a ©.
To
release these
overflow checks:
a), b), c),
d) Press
the key.
e)
Press
the key.
Or
press the key,
and the
intermediate result just
before the
overflow occurs
is
displayed and the
subsequent
calculation
is
possible.
Memory
protection:
The
content
of
the
memory
is
protected against
overflow or
error
and the accumulated
total
is
recalled by
pressing
the key
after the overflow
check
is
released by
the
key.
6/POWER SOURCE
One
AA
size mangenese
dry battery (UM -3)
or R6P
(SUM -3) gives
approximately
17,500
hours continuous
operation.
When
battery power
decreases, the
whole display
darkens.
Battery
should
then
be
renewed.
Be sure to
switch OFF
the
power
before
changing.
Battery
replacement
1. Open the
back panel of
the
unit by
loosening
the screws and remove dead
battery.
2.
Insert a
new battery with polarity
as
indicated.
3.
Replace
the
back panel.
PRECAUTIONS:
Incorrectly using
batteries
can cause leakage
or
bursts, and may damage your
product.
Note the
following
precautions:
Be sure that
+/ -
polarity is correct.
z,
Never leave dead battery in battery compartment as it may cause
malfunctions.
3
Remove
battery when
not
using
the
product for
extended period.
a
It is recommended that
battery
be replaced once
every
2
-year
to prevent
the
chance
of malfunction.
s
The
supplied
battery
is not rechargeable.
s;
Do not expose the
battery
to
direct
heat,
let it
become shorted
or try
to
take it apart.
•13•

(If
a
battery
leaks,
clean out the
battery compartment
of
the
product immediately,
taking
care
to avoid
letting
the
battery
fluid
come into direct contact
with your skin.)
Auto power -off function
This
unit automatically
switches
OFF if not operated for
approximately 6
minutes. Power
can
be restored by pressing the
@J
key.
Memory
contents
and mode
setting are retained
even when
power
is switched off.
7/NORMAL CALCULATIONS
You can
perform normal calculations in the RUN mode
(®~)
Calculations
can be performed in the same
sequence as the
written formula (true algebraic
logic).
Nesting of
up
to 18 parentheses
at
6 levels is
allowed.
7-1
Four
basic
calculations
(incl.
parenthesis
calculations)
EXAMPLE
OPERATION
READ-OUT
23+4.5-53=
56x(-12)-(-2.5)=
2304O5053Ø
5601200
®2O5®Ø
-25.5
268.8
2-3x(1x10 20 )=
2®31131
ao20D
6.666666667 19
7x8
-4x5(=56-20)= 708p405Ø
36.
1+2-3x4=5+6=
1©20304®5p6Ø
6.6
6 _
0.3
405®6®®0
key
can be displayed.
4x5
'The
number of
levels
of
the
2x
)7+6x(5+4)I =
20E)
C 01 0.
7
60o
C
02
0.
5p4®®Ø
122.
It
is
unnecessary
to press
the ® key before the
Ø
key.
10-)7x(3+6))= 10p)(E7003
26Ø
Another
operation:
10007©®306) H 9
7-2 Constant calculations
The "K"
sign
appears when a number is
set
as a constant.
3+2.3=
203©p3Ø
6+2.3=
60
-53.
5.3
K
8.3
•14•

2.3
x 12=
12pp2036
K
27.6
(-9)x12=
9i
ioI
K
-108.
17+17+17+17=
17a6
K
34.
6
K
51.
6
K
68.
1.7
2
=
107pp6
K
2.89
1.7
3
=
6
K
4.913
1.7 ° = 6
K
8.3521
3x6x4=
3p6pp
K
18.
3x6x(-5)=
46
K
72.
5f
J6
K
-90.
56 _
4p02D3®®®
K
20.
4x(2+3)
K
2.8
566
23 _
236
K
1.15
4x(2+3)
7-3
Memory calculations using the independent memory
When
a
new number
is
entered into the independent
memory
by the ® ® key, the
previ.
ous
number
stored is
automatically cleared and the new
number
is put in the
indepen.
dent memory.
The "M" sign appears when a
number
is stored
in
the
independentmemory.
The contents accumulated into the
independent memory
are preserved
even
after
the
power switch is turned
off.
To
clear
the contents press
O O
or
m®
MM
in
53+6= 59 53
60®Y~
23-8= 15
56x2=112
+) 99-4=
24.75
sequence.
23O8
M+
56p2M+
99Q4
M+
MP
59.
M
15.
M
112.
M
24.75
210.75
M
210.75
7+7-7+(2x3)+(2x3)+(2x3)-(2x3)=
7
M
19.
12x3=
36
3pp126® Mb
UK
36.
-)
45x3=135
78x3=234
45 ® ~
78
M+
M K
135.
M K
234.
135
MP
M K
135.
•15•

7-4 Memory
calculations using 6
constant memories
When a new number is
entered into a constant memory
by
operating ENTRY
®
( Ot
to
©),
the previous number
stored is automatically
cleared
and the new number
is put
in
the constant memory.
The contents
stored
in the
constant memories are
preserved
even after
the
power switch
is turned off.
To clear the
contents press
f Ot
(to
©)
or
m®
Ot
(to
©)
in
sequence.
193.2_23=
193.2-28=
193.2= 42 =
19302®
0t
f®23Ø
O,
®28Ø
0t
fo142
Ø
~
~
Another
operations by
using
the independent memory:
19302®®B23Ø, Of®28Ø, ®B42Ø
9x6+3 _
(7-2)x8
906p3خO
®702®08Ø®O
~
8.4
6.9
4.6
57.
40.
1.425
Calculations
in
constant memory registers can also be
performed by
using
the ©,
O.
0
and ® keys.
7x8x9=504
4x5x6=120
3x6x9=162
(Total) 14
19
24
786
7®aa8®o©9®®Ø®®
4®O
Ot
05®©
02
06®OOO
M+
3®00061~1©O09®OOO
M+
~0
L"J ❑2
t~
Q
MN
12x(2.3+3.4)-5=
M
504.
M
120.
162.
M
14.
M
19.
M
24.
M
786.
30x(2.3+3.4+4.5) -15x4.5=
12O)E 2Q3©30400
c O+ 05Ø
30040500
O,
® ®0
O15O
~OØ
63.4
238.5
1
To exchange the
displayed number (4.5)
with
the contents
of
constant
memory 1.
•16•

7-5 Fraction calculations
'The
display capacity as a
traction, whether entry or
result, is limited to a
max.
3 digits
for
each integer, numerator or denominator part and at the
same
time to a max. 8 digits
in
the sum of each part. When an answer exceeds the above
capacity,
it
is
automatically
converted to the
decimal
scale.
A fraction can
be transferred to the
memory.
'When a fraction is extracted, the answer is displayed as a decimal.
'A
press
of ® key after the
Ø
key
converts the
fraction answer
to the
decimal
scale.
46
x(3å+13)=79 =
4Q5~6O~3®1®4p1®2 3•••0®7O8
9Ø
4 3 1
2 5 +q-1 2 =
(1.5x10')-)(2.5x106)x
100)
2®4®5p3®4Q
1®1®2Ø
105
0
7Q2050Ø603®1O0Ø
3j7.568.
3.012323944
3j7.568.
3.j1L20.
3.55
2~1i20.
14925000.
'During
a
fraction calculation, a figure is
reduced to the lowest terms by
pressing
a func-
tion command key (CI
Q, 0
or ®)
or the
Ø
key
if
the figure is reducible.
3
~8
= 8-- -
~1 3
(Reduction)
3f1i456®78
Ø
3~456~78.
8.11~13.
'By
pressing
fraction.
®
continuously,
the displayed value will
be converted to the
improper
Continuing from
above
11513.
12 32
4.15.
12®45O
45 56
— 32-105.
32®56Ø
'The
answer in
a
calculation
performed
between
a
fraction
and a decimal
is displayed
as a
decimal.
52
x78.9=
41®520
78O9Ø
41 ,52.
62.20961538
.17.

7-6
Percentage
calculations
12%
of
1500
1500 p 12 ~ ~
180.
Percentage
of
660
against 880
660®880 ~
75.
15%
add-on
of 2500
2500O15®x©
2875.
25%
discount of
3500
3500p25®~O
2625.
300cc is added to
a solution of 500cc.
What is the
percent
of
the new volume to the
initial
one?
300 p 500 ~
If you made $80 last week and $100 this
week,
what is the percent
160.
increase?
(%)
100O80 ~ 25.
(%)
12%
of
1200
1200OO12
~
K
144.
18%
of
1200
18
V4
K
216.
23%
of 1200
23 ~
K
276.
26%
of
2200
26002200
~
K
572.
26%
of 3300
3300 ~
K
858.
26%
of
3800
988. 3800
~
Percentage
of
30 against
192
192®®30 ~
K
15.625
Percentage
of
156 against
192
156
Ø
K
81.25
600 grams was added to 1200 grams. What percent is
the
total
to the
initial
weight?
'510 grams was
added
to 1200 grams. What percent is
the
total
to the
initial
weight?
1200 pp 600
510
How
many
percent
down
is 138 grams to 150
grams?
How
many
percent
down
is 129 grams to 150
grams?
150OO138
129
~
~
~
~
K
150.
K
142.5
K
-8.
-14.
•18•

8/BINARY/OCTAL/DECIMAL/HEXADECIMAL
CALCULATIONS
•Binary/octal/decimal/hexadecimal calculations and
conversions are performed
in the
BASE -N mode
•Base
values
are
set by pressing one
of
the
following
keys:
KEY
BASE
o[c
Decimal
®
Hexadecimal
eH
Binary
®
Octal
•Calculation range
BASE DIGITS
RANGE
Binary
10 digits Positive :
0 4 _x 4 _
111111111
Negative:
1000000000 ≤_ x
≤
1111111111
Octal 10 digits
Positive : 0x3777777777
Negative:
Negative: 4000000000 ≤x
≤_ 7777777777
Decimal 10 digits Positive : 0 44
x2147483647
Negative:
-21474836485x<
0
Hexadecimal
8 digits
Positive : 0≤x 5
_7FFFFFFF
Negative: 80000000 5 x
≤
FFFFF FFF
•Valid values
BASE VAL
LIE
Binary: 0, 1
Octal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Decimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Hexadecimal: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6,
7,
8, 9,
A, B,
C,
D,
E,
F
Values
other than
noted above cannot be entered while each respective base
is
in
effect. The letters B and D are displayed in
lower
case for hexadecimal.
You cannot specify
the
unit of angular measurement
(degrees, radians, grads)
or
the
display format (FIX, SCI) while the calculator is
in
the BASE -N mode. Such
specifica-
tions
can only
be made
if
you
first exit
the
BASE -N
mode.
8-1
Binary/octal/decimal/hexadecimal
conversions
Qo
(BASE
-N
mode)
Conversion of
22 to
binary
Conversion of 22 o to octal
Conversion of 22 o to hexadecimal
Conversion
of
513 w to
binary
rc c
22
®
~N
®
orc
513 ®
aN
10110. b
26. °
16. "
_E_ b
Conversion
may sometimes be
impossible
if calculation
range
of original
value is great-
er than
range
of
result value.
•19•