Casio fx-350D User manual

I
• •
Scientific calculator
Calculadora cientffica
Calculatrice scientifique
#~EfJ¥~
~t:t~ ~1~71
Kalkulator ilmiah •
• •
•
ENGLISH _. =_,;,,,.~~ 1
ESPA .....,. ~ 15
FRAfl¢AIS 30
t:pj( . 45
!f~ot • . 59
BAHASA INDONESIA 73
•

I KEY INDEX
'--------------------' .
GENERAL KEYS
.
Key
Function
Page
~
ON . 4, 11
.
[[]-[[), 8 Data entry 90
o, 1:1, £1,
Basic calculation 90
a,a
me
All clear 9
m Clear
~
9
~
Sign · change
9
MEMORY KEYS
Key
Function Page
~
.
Memory recall 9, 95
IMinJ
Memory in 93
~
.
.
Memory plus 95
@:)
Memory minus 95
SPECIAL KEYS
,, .
Key
Function Page
@yJ
Inverse
90
(MO OEJ
Mode
5, 88 , 110 ,
116 , 121
l!EJBJ
Parentheses
90
@)
Exponent 9
(ID
Pi
110
- 1 -

•
Key
\ Function • Page
. ' -' ~.
$ Sexqgesi
ma l , nota-
•
[o, ··I,
IJ, ,,I
·'
tion/€jecimal notation
109
'
•
convers ion '
(x-v)
Register e~c. hange
90
. . .
[ X' -M J '
I
Register exchange
96
.. I •
. 1 r .. Rouncling
off internal
•
~
116
value
•
• •
~ i,
FUNCTION KEYS
'
I -±'
- Key
Function Page
1iinl Si
ne
'
\
·, ) '
110
'
" (cos ) \ ' I
•,
I
Co si ne
110
·\
(ta n)
Tangent 110
I sin'!
Arc sine 112
!c o s! Arc cosine
111
ltan'I
Arc tangent
111
~
Hyperbo lic 112
I
~
Common logarithm
113
~
Common antilogarithm
113 .
[In)
Natural logarithm
113
~
Natural antilogarithm
113
ca
Square root
115
(x2l Square 11 5
(ENGj,
(ENG!
Engineering
117
!ail,
~
Fraction
97, 100
(!]
Cube root
115
~
Reciprocal 111,
115
- 2 -

Key
Function Page
~
Factorial 115
{£) Po
we r
114
~
Ro ot
11 4
(R .. Pj
• Rectangular
to polar
119
, IP .. Rj
Polar to rectangular
12 0
1x1
Percent
10 2
(RANU j Ra
nd om num ber
117
.
ST A TISTICAL KEYS
Key
Function Page
§1
Stat is ti cal regis ter
12 1
clear
(Kl ( !DATA! with Da
ta entry
123
fx- 350D )
lml
Data delete 126
km-11
Sample standard
123
deviation
Populat ion s ta nd ard .
~
1 23
. de
viation
00
A rit hmetic mean 123
[ID
Number of data 124
~ -
7
Sum of value
124
(2 x2J
Sum of square value
124
- 3 -

Dear customer,
Tha. nk you very much for purchasing our electronic cal-
culator.
To fully utilize its features no special training is re -
quired, but we suggest you study this operation manual
to become familiar with its many abilities. To help en-
sure its ·1ongevity, do not touch the inside of the cal-
culator , avoid hard knocks and unduly strong key
pressing. Extreme cold (below 32°F or 0 °C), heat
(above 104 °F or 40°C) and humidity may also a ffect
the functions of the calculator. Never use vo latile fluid
such as lacquer thinner, benzine, etc. when cleaning
the unit. For servicing contact your retailer or ne arby
dealer.
Before starting calculation, be sure to press the@E) key
and to confirm that ''O ." is shown on the display.
* Special care should be taken not to damage the un it
by bending or dropping. For example, do not carry
it in your hip pocket.
INDE X
1 / GENERAL GUIDE . ....... . ............ . .... .... ............ 5
2 / ORDER OF OPERATIONS AND LEVELS ... ... . .... 7
3 / CALCULATION RANGE AND SCIENTIFIC
NOTATION ..... .............................. ... ... ......... 8
4 IOVERFLOW OR ERROR CHECK .......... ....... . .... 9
5 / POWER SOURCE ............... . .... .. ... .... ... ........ 10
6 /SPECIFICATIONS ........................................ 12 1
7 / NORMAL CALCULATIONS ....... ............ ........ 88
8 IFUNCTION CALCULATIONS........ ... . ....... .... 10 7
9 /STANDARD DEVIATIONS .......................... 12 1
- 4 -
_ ,

1/ GENERAL GUIDE
1-1 Modes
To put the ca l culator into a desired operating mode,
or to select a specific angular unit, press IMooE] first , then
[:], [QJ, @, ... or [[).
!MooE][:J -SD is displayed. Calculate standard deviation .
[MooE][Q] - COMP mode. Carry out ordinary arithmetic
and functional calcu l ations.
!MODEi@ -DEG is displayed. Use degrees as the unit of
angle measurement .
IMDDEJ[[j -RAD is displayed. Use radians as the unit of
angle measurement ,
IMoDEJ(§] -GRA is displayed. Use grads as the unit of an-
gle measurement .
IMoDE][z] -Press any number from Oto 7 to indicate how
many decimal places you want displayed (FIX
is displayed) .
IMDDEJ(I] -Press any number from 1 (1 digit) to 8 (8
digits) to indicate how many significant digits
you want displayed (SCI is displa~d) .
IMoDEJ[[) -Releases instructions entered in ~[z] and
!MODE]@] . This operation also changes the range
of the exponent display (see page 6).
1-2 The display
INV M K DEG RAD GRA FIX SCI SD
'
- 1.2 3 4 5 6 7 8 - 99
I
Mantissa
I I
Exponent
The display shows input data, interim results and an-
swers to calculations. The mantissa section displays
up to 8 digits. The exponent section displays up to
± 99 .
-E - or - [ -
INV
M
K
Error indication (see page 9).
Pressing of [@) (see page 90).
Something is being stored in the
Memory (see page 93).
A constant is being used in calcula -
tions (see page 91 ).
DEG or RAD or GRA
Angular unit (see page 110).
• -
5-
•

FI X
SCI
SD
De ci mal pla ces of a displayed val ue is
bei ng design ated (see page 116) .
Signi fi c ant digits of a dis-played value
is bei ng des i gn ate d (see page 116).
Standard deviation Galoul at ion
45.J 12.J 23 .
12 °3°45 .6
(see page 121).
45 - 12 / 23 (see page 99 ).
12°3'45.6 '' (see page 11 0).
• Expo nent ial Displ ay ,s
I
T he display can show calculation res ult s qn ly up to 8
dig i ts long. When )an int er me di ate '1al ue or a fi nal result
is l onger, the calculator a ut omat ically swi tches over
to exponentia l no t at i on .' Val u es gr'· eater than
99,999,999 are always displayed expo nentially, while
the l ower l imit is selectable. Note th e foll owing:
Type
L ower limit Upper l imit
,.
A (Norm
1)
0.01 99,999,999
. .
B (Norm 2)
0.0000001 99,999,999
. . '
Values less than the l ower lim i ts or greater than the
upper limit shown above are displayed using exponen-
tial format .
Use the following procedure to switch between the
Type A lower limjt and · the · Type B · lower limit:
G) Check the display to see if the FIX or SCI symbols
are shown, indi. cating that the number of significant
digits or the number of decimal places have been
j pjcified. If either of the symbols is shown, press
I]] to cancel the specification. -
@ Perform the following calculation:
, 0200a .
@ Look at the display to see what the current lowe r
limit is.
If the display reads:
5. -
03
, the current setting is (
Type A 5_ -03]
....________ __.
If the display reads:
0.005, the current sett i ng is I
Type B __ ___ 0_._0_0_5_ ]
-6 -

@Press IMoDEI[[) to switch between the Type A and Type
B lower lim i ts.
* Note that the lower limit is not changed if you press
IMoDEl(ID while the number of significant digits (SCI dis-
played) and/or the number of decimal places (FIX dis-
played) are specified. The first time you press (MODEi[[) ,
you clear the FIX and SCI specifications , and so you
must press IMoDrl[ID again to change the lowe r limit.
2/ ORDER OF OPERATIONS AND LEVELS
Op erations are pe rf ormed in t.he fo ll owing order of
precedence:
. ..
'
1. F unc t ions
2. x >' , x·
1
1,, , R~P, P~R
3. X, 7
4. +, -
Operations with the same precedence are performed
from left to ri ght, with operations enclosed in paren-
theses per formed first. If parentheses are nested , the
ope rat ions enclosed in the innermost set of paren-
theses .are perfo r med first.
*Registers L1 through L6 ·are provided to store opera-
tions of lower precedence (inc luding parenthetica l
ope rations). Since six registers are provided , calcu -
l ations up to six levels can be retained.
*Sin ce each leve l can contain up to three open paren-
theses, paran theses can be nested up to 18 ti mes.
Example (4 levels, 5 nested parentheses)
Operation
2D@@@304D@@50400030000
I I j
1 level 1 level 1 level 1 level A
asoooswa
-7 -

•
Register contents at point A. ,
X 4
L1
[( [( 5 +
..
~~
L2 4 X
L3
[( [( [( 3 +
L4 2 X ' "
L5 I
L6
S1 CALCULATION HINGE iND
SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
. ..' ........
............
.....' .......
.........' ..
.......... .. .
..........' .
' ............
............
...... ......
~
...... .. ... .
.' ..........'
.. ' ... . . ' ..
.' ..........'
........... .
:;..,, .......' ...' .
;.,,' .:.: •:.: .:-:,:.:.:•: ·=· :.
l.9 999999 -1 01 - 1 -1 0· 2 - 10·•• 0 10 ·
99
10·
2 1
10
1
9. 9 99 9 99 9
X 10
99
x 10
99
··-· .· . ·. ·.· .·. • ·· ····· ·· · ············ No rm aI d·1 s Ia
·· ···· ···· ········· p y
...................
...................
...................
, ~ Scientific notati on
When the answer exceeds the normal display capaci-
ty , it is automatically shown by scientific no tation ,
8- digit manti ssa and exponent s of 10 up to ± 99 .
- 1.2345678-99
G) The minus (- ) sign for mantiss a
@ The manti ssa
@ The minu s (- ) sign for exponent
© The expon e nt of ten
The whole display is read:
-1. 2345678 X 10 -
99
- 8-

* Entry can be made in scientific notation by using the
jEXPj key after entering the mantissa .
EXAMPLE OPERATION
- 1.2345678 X 10 -3
(= - 0.0012345678)
READ-OUT
1 G:]2345678~ - 1.2345678
t--------------t
@J - 1.2345678 00
3~ - 1.2345678 - 03
I
4/0VERFLOW OR ERROR CHECK
Overflow or error is indicated by the
1'- E-
'' or
11
- [ -'
1
sign and stops further calculation . ·
Overflow or error occurs:
a) When an answer , whether intermediate or final, or
accumulated total in the memory is more than
± 9. 9999999 x 10
99 (' '
-E-' ' sign appears).
b) When function calculations are performed with a
number exceeding the input range ('' - E- '' sign
appears).
c) When unreasonable operat i ons are performed in
statistical calcu l ations (1 1 -E-'' sign appears).
d) When the total number of levels of explicity and/ or
implicity (with addition - subtraction ve~sus
multiplication - division including xY and x1 i;, ) neste d
parentheses exceeds 6, or more than 18 pairs of
parentheses are used (''-[ -'' sign appears).
Ex.) You have pressed the ((,, .. j key 18 times continu-
ou~ before designating the sequence of
~000£1.
To release these overflow checks:
a), b)I c) ..... ... Press the m9 key .
d).... ..... ......... Press the m9 key. Or press the l!J key ,
and the intermed i ate result just before
the overflow occurs is displayed and
the subsequent calculation is possible.
Memory protection:
The content of the memory is protected against over -
flow or error and the accumulated total is recalled by
pressina..!_he IMR j key after the overflow check is released
by the FD key.
- 9-

5/POWER SOURCE
•fx-3500
Two alkaline-manganese batteries (LR44) give ap-
proximately 7 50 hours continuo us ope r ation
(1,820 hours on type SR44 (G-13) silver oxide bat -
teries) . When batte ry power decreases, the whole
display darkens. Batteries should the n be renewed.
Be sure to switch OFF the power before changing .
Battery replacement
1. Open the battery compartment lid on the back of
the unit by loosening the screw. Never touch th e
inside of the unit except the battery compartment .
2. Remove dead bat te ri es and inse rt new . batteries
with porality as indicated.
3. Replace the lid. Screw -carefully.
PRECAUTIONS:
In correct ly using batteries can cause them to burst or
leak, possibly damaging the interior of the unit . Not e
the following preca ut ions:
• Be sure that the posit i ve ( +) and negative (- ) pole s
of each battery are facing in the proper direction.
•Never mix batte ri es of different types.
• Never mix old batteries and new ones .
• Never leave dead batte ries in the battery com -
partment.
• Remove the batter ies if you do not plan to use th e
un it for long periods .
•Replace the batter ies at least once every 2 yea rs, no
matter how much the unit is used during that per i od .
• Never try to recharge the batteries supplied with th e
unit.
• Do no t expose batteries to direct heat, let them be-
come shorted, or try to take them apart.
~
Keep batteries out of the reach of small children.
If swallowed, cons ul t with a physician immediately.
_,
- 10 -

•fx - 82L
•
•
'
•
•
Two AA size manganese dry b atteri es (U M-3) give
ppproximately 9,000 hours cont i nuous operat ion .
(approx. ·11, ,000 hours .on t ype R6P (SUM-3)).
When battery power decreases, the whole display
darkens. Batteries should then be r enewed . Be sure
.
to sw i tch OFF the power before changing.
f ' - 1.1 .
. 1
Ba tter y replacemen t
1..
10pen the'
back panel of the · unit by looseni ng the
sc r ew -s ane:t r emove dead batteri .es.
2. Insert' ·n ew batteries with po larity as in dicated.
3. Re pl ac ·e' the • back panel.
PRECAUTIONS: ' I
l~S?r~e1 ct ly u_sing qatteries ·can.cause t~em to bu rst or
lea~, p_ ossibly d~maging the interior of the unit . Note
the following precautions : ·
• Be sure that the positive (+)and negative ( _: ) poles
of each battery are facing in the proper direction. ,
• Never mix batteries of different , types .
•N ever :mix old bat te ries and new ones.
• Never leave dead batteries in the battery com-
par tment .
•R em ove th e batteries if you do n ot plan to use the
un it fot -- long periods.
• Replace th e batteries at least once every 2 years, no
matte r h ow much the unit is used during that period.
• Never try to recharge the batteries supp lied wit h the
uni t.
1
~ Do n.ot e•xpose batte ries to direct heat , let them be-
c~ . me : st}orted, or try · to · take them apart.
Should a battery leak, clean 9ut the battery com-
partme nt of the unit immediately, taking care to
avoid l et ting the battery fluid come into direct con-
tac t with your skin.
· Auto power-off functi on '
This unit automatically switches OFF if not operated
for appr oximate l _y_ 6 minutes . P ower can be resto red
by pr essing the ~ key. Memo ry contents and mode
set ti ng are retained even when power is switched of f.
- 11 -
'

6/ SPECIFICATIONS
BASIC OPERATIONS
. '
4 basic calculations , constants for +/ - / x /-:- /x >' /
x11 >' , parenthe s is calculations and memory calcu -
lations .
BUil T-IN FUNCTIONS
Trigonometric / inverse trigonometric functions ( with
angle in degrees, radians or grads), hyperbolic / invers e
hyperbolic functions , common / natural logarithms , ex -
ponential functions (common antilogarithm s, natura l
antilogarithms) , powers , roots , square roots , cub e .
roots , squares, reciprocals , factorials ., conversion of
coordinate sy stem (R -+ P, P-+R), random number, 1r,
fractions and perce ntages .
STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS -
Population standard deviation , sample s tandard devi -1
ation, arithmeti c mean , sum of square value, sum of
value and numb er of data.
1 f
CAPACITY
Entry/basic calculations
8- digit mantissa
9
or 8- digit mantissa plus 2- digit expo - '
nent up to 10 ± 9. •
Fraction calculations
Max . 3- digit mantissa for each integer, numerator or ,
denominator and at the same time max. 6- digit man -
tissa for the sum of each part .
Scientific lnpuJ range
functions
( <
81r rad }
sinx / cos x/ tanx Ix I < 1440 degrees < 1600 grad [
sin-1 x/ cos -1x
tan -ix
sinh x/ coshx
tanh x
sinh-1x
cosh -1x
tanh -1x
log x! lnx
ex
10 x
IXI ~ 1
IX < 10 1 00
l x l <230.25a5
I X I < 10 100
IXI < 5 X 10
99
1< x< 5X10
99
IX I < 1
'
10 - 99 $ X < 101 00
- 10
100
<x~2 30.2585
- 10
100
< x< 100
-12 -
F
E
"
"
F
L
(;

Xl /y
vx
x2
~
1 /x
x!
•
REC-+POL
POL-+REC
Q I I I
x>O-+ - 10
10 0
<y -logx< 100 ,
x=O-+y>O
x< 0-+ y : integer or ± 1!2n + 1
(n ·: integer)
x>O-+y~O -10
100
< 1 /y .log x< 100
x=O-+y>O
x< 0 -+ y : odd number 6r ± 1In
(n : natural number)
O~x< 10
100
IXI< 1oso
IX I< 10100
•
X < 101 OO ( X ~ 0)
0 ~x~ 69 (x : intege r)
.Jx2 +y2 <
10
1 00
( <
81r rad )
I0 I< 1440 degrees < 1 600 grad ,
Ir I< 1 o100
up to second
8 digits
*Errors are cumulative with such internal continuous
calculations as x.v, x11Y , x!, v so accuracy may be
adversely affected.
*Output accuracy ·
± 1 in the 8th digit.
DECIMAL PO I NT
Full float ing with underflow .
EXPONENTIAL DISPLAY
Norm 1 - 10 - 2 > Ix I, Ix I ~ 108
Norm 2 - 10 - 7 > Ix I, Ix I ~ 108
READ-O UT
Liquid crystal display, suppressing unnecessary O's
(zeros).
- 13 - ·

POWER SOURCE
•fx-350D .
Power source: Two alkaline-manganese batteries
(LR44 . or SR44 (G-13))
'
Battery life: The unit gives approximately 750 hour s
continuous operation on type LR44
(1 , 820 hours on type SR44 (G-13 )) .
Power consumption: 0.0004W
•fx-82L
Power source: Two AA size manganese dry batterie s
(UM-3 or R6P (SUM-3))
Battery life: The unit gives approximately 9, 000 hour s
continuous operation on type UM -3
( 11 , 000 hours on type R6P (SUM-3)).
Power consumption: 0.0004W
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE RANGE
0 °C - 40 °C (32 °F - 104°F)
DIMENSIONS
•fx-350D
1OmmH x 73mmW x 140mm0
(3 /s ''H X 27 /s'' W X 51 /2'' 0)
•fx-82L
21 . 5mmH x 76mmW x 1 53mm0
(7 /s ''H X 3 '' W X 6 '' 0)
WEIGHT
•fx - 350D 63 g (2.2 oz) including batteries
•fx-82L 121 g (4 .3 oz) including batteries
- 14-
.
•

7/ NORMAL CALCULATIONS
*You ca~erform normal calculations in the COMP
mode (~[[)) .•
*Ca l culations can be performed in the same sequence
as the written formula (true algebraic logic).
*Nesting of up to 18 parentheses at 6 levels is allowed.
7 -1 Four basic calculations (incl. parenthesis
calculations)
- 88 - AA
- 89 - A'\

EXAMPLE O PE RA :TION RE AD -OUT
-
23+4 . 5-53 =
2304GJ5D53al -25 . 51
56 X ( - 12)+ ( - 2.5) =
56a12~a205~a1 26s.s1
2 + 3 X (1 X 10
20
) =
2aJ£11fill)2oat 6. 6666667 191
7 x 8 - 4x5( = 56 - 20) =
7£18D4£15BI 36 .I
•
1 + 2 - 3x4 + 5+6= ·
102a3£14a506al~ ____ 6_.6~ I
6
- - -
4x5
4£1 5a 6li.@Ba .__I ____ o_. 3__.I
'
*The nu r nber of levels of the l!E] key can be di sp layed.
- 90 - \ •

2 X { 7 + 6 X (5 + 4)} =
2£1~
706£1~
so4EIDEIDa
[
01
[
02
.0 .
0.
122 .
•
* It is unnecessary to press the l• --1)] key before the a
key.
10 - {7 X (3 +6)} =
101:1~7£1~306B ...... 1 ____ - _5_3 __ . I
Another operation :
•
101:1l!B7£1l!B3068J8JB
7-2 Constant calculations
*T he ''K '' sign appears whe n a nu m be r is set as a
co nstant.
- 91 - '\,

3 + 2.3 = 283DD3B K 5.3
-------
6+2.3 = 6B K 8.3
2. 3x 12 =
(- 9)x12=
...__ _____ --1
12f3f32GJ3B K 27.6
.,__ _____ ___,.
9@a K - 108 .
17 + 17 + 17 + 17 =
17DDB
a
a
1.7
2 =
1.7
3 =
1.74=
187f3f3B
a
a
-92 - \ Y
K
K
K
K
K
K
34.
51.
68 .
2.89
4. 913
8. 3521

3x6x4 =
3x6x( -5) =
56
4x(2+3)
23
3f36f3f3
4S
s@a
4x(2+3)
4f3~2D3EIDaa
sGa
23a
7-3 Memory calculations
K
18.
K
72 .
K -
90 .
.
K
20.
K
2.8
K
1.15
*Be caref ul not to set the function mode at ''SD'' when
performing memory ca lculation s.
*When a new number is entered int o the memory by
[Mini key , the prev i ous numbe r stored is automatically
c lear ed and the new number is put in th e memory.
*To clear the contents press @JIMinJ or FDIM1nJ in se-
quen ce.
*The '' M'' s ign appears when a numbe r is stored in the
memory.
-93 - ~ r'