Casio FX-6300G User manual

CASIO
SA0911C (§) Printed in Taiwan U.S. Pat. 4,410,956
HDC00380E1 W30

GRAPHIC SCIENTIFIC
'FX-6300G
Owner's manual

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fx-6300G

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•The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.
• o part of this manual may be reproduced in any form without the express
written consent of the manufacturer.
•In no event will the manufacturer and its suppliers be liable to you or any
other person for any damages, expenses, lost profits, lost savings or any
other damages arising out of use of or inability to use this calculator or
manual.
•In no event will the manufacturer and its suppliers be liable to you or any
other person for any damages, expenses, lost profits, lost savings or any
other damages arising out of loss of data and/or formulas caused by use
of this calculator or manual.
•Due to limitations imposed by printing processes, the displays shown in
this manual are only approximations and may differ somewhat from actual
displays.
- 2 -

Introduction
Thank you for your purchase of the CASIO fx-6300G.
This unit is a totally new type of advanced programmable calculator. Besides
versatile scientific functions, graph functions also make it possible to produce a
wide variety of useful graphs.
Manual calculations can be easily performed following written formulas (true
algebraic logic). A replay function is provided that allows confirmation or correc
tion when key operation errors occur. Programs can also be input by following
true algebraic logic, so repeat and/or complex calculations are simplified.
All of this power built into a compact configuration that folds up to slip right into
your pocket.
To use the fx-6300G to its full potential, be sure to carefully read this manual and
keep it handy for future reference.
Important — Reset your calculator before using it
for the first time! ---------------------------------------------------
See page 10 for details on the reset procedure.
Important — Always back up data! -------------------------
This product features electronic memory that is capable of storing large volumes
of data. You must also remember that your data is safely stored as long as power
is being supplied to the memory. Data stored in memory will be irreparably
damaged or lost entirely if you let battery power become too low, if you make a
mistake while replacing batteries, or if power is cut off. Data can also be damaged
by strong impact or electrostatic charge, or by environmental extremes. Once data
is damaged or lost, it cannot be recovered, so we strongly recommend that you
back up all important data.
- 3 -

C o n te n ts
About the Power Supply ............................................ 8
Replacing batteries ........................................................................................ 8
Auto Power Off function ........................................................................ 10
Reset operation ........................................................................................... 10
Handling Precautions ................................................ 11
1. General Guide
1-1 Key Markings .................................................................... 14
1-2 How to Read the Display ................................................ 16
Display indicators ................................ 16
About the display layout ...................................................................... 17
Exponential display .............................................................................. 18
Speical display formats ..................................................................... .19
1-3 Key Layout ........................................................................ 20
1-4 Key Operations ................................................................. 21
Special operation keys ............................... 21
umeric/Decimal point/Exponent input keys ...................................... 24
Calculation keys ............................................. 25
Graph keys............................................................................................25
Function keys ....................................................................................... 26
Contrast adjustment ........ 29
1-5 Before Beginning Calculations ............................. 30
Calculation priority sequence .............................................................. 30
umber of stacks ................................................................................. 31
Calculation modes ....................................... 32
umber of input/output digits and calculation digits ......................... 33
Overflow and errors .............................................................................. 34
umber of input characters ................................................................ 35
Graphic and text displays .................................................................... 36
Corrections ............................................................................................37
Memory ................................................................................................. 38
Memory expansion ................................................ 40
- 4 -

2. Manual Calculations
2-1 Basic Calculations ..................................... 44
Arithmetic operations ............................................................................ 44
Parenthesis calculations ...................................................................... 45
Memory calculations .......................................................................... ..46
Specifying the number of decimal places, the number of significant
digits and the exponent display ........................................................... 47
2-2 Special Functions ............................................... 49
Answer (Ans) function ......................................... 49
Continuous calculation function ........................................................... 50
Replay function .................................................................................... 51
Error position display function ............................................................. 52
Multistatement function ....................................................................... 53
2-3 Functional Calculations ................................................... 54
Angular measurement units ................................................................ 54
Trigonometric functions and inverse trigonometric functions 55
Logarithmic and exponential functions ............................................... 56
Hyperbolic functions and inverse hyperbolic functions ................. 57
Coordinate transformation ................................................................... 58
Other functions ..................................................................................... 59
Fractions .............................................................................................. 60
2-4 Binary, Octal, Decimal, Hexadecimal Calculations 62
Binary, octal, decimal, hexadecimal conversions .............................. 64
egative expressions ........................................................................... 64
Basic arithmetic operations using binary, octal, decimal and
hexadecimal values ............................................... 65
Logical operations ................................................................................ 66
2-5 Statistical Calculations ........................ 67
Standard deviation ............................................................................... 67
Regression calculation ...................................... 69
Linear regression ............................................................................. 70
Logarithmic regression ................................................................... 71
Exponential regression ................................................................... 72
Power regression ............................................................................. 73
- 5 -

3. Graphs
3-1 Built-in Function Graphs ................................................. 76
Overdrawing built-in function graphs ... ................................................. 77
3-2 User Generated Graphs .................................................. 78
Range parameters ................................................................................ 78
User generated function graphs .......................................................... 82
Function graph overdraw ..................................................................... 83
Zoom function ...................................................................................... 84
Trace function ...................................................................................... 87
Plot function ........................................................................................ 91
Line function ........................................................................................ 93
Graph scroll function ............................................................................ 95
3-3 Some Graphing Examples ............................................... 96
3-4 Single-Variable Statistical Graphs ................................. 97
Drawing single-variable statistical graphs ........................................... 97
3-5 Paired-Variable Statistical Graphs ............................... 100
Drawing paired-variable statistical graphs ............................... 100
4. Program Calculations
4-1 What is a Program? ....................................................... 104
Formulas ............................................................................................. 104
Programming ...................................................................................... 104
Program storage ........................ 106
Program execution ............................................................................. 107
4-2 Program Checking and Editing
Correction, Addition, Deletion) .................................... 109
Formulas ............................................................................................. 109
Programming ...................................................................................... 109
Program editing .................................................................................. 110
Program execution ............................................................................. 111
4-3 Program Debugging Correcting Errors) ..................... 113
Debugging when an error message is generated ............................ 113
Error messages .................................................................................. 113
Checkpoints for each type of error ........................ 114
4-4 Counting the Number of Steps ..................................... 116
4-5 Program Areas and Calculation Modes ........................ 117
Program area and calculation mode specification in the
WRT mode .......................................................................................... 117
Cautions concerning the calculation modes ...................................... 118
-6-

4-6 Erasing Programs ............................................................ 119
Erasing a single program .................................................................. 119
Erasing all programs .......................................................................... 119
4-7 Convenient Program Commands .................................. 120
Jump commands .................................................... 120
Unconditional jump ........................................................................ 120
Conditional jumps .......................................................................... 122
Count jumps .................................................................................. 124
Summary ............................................................................................. 126
Subroutines ....................................................... 127
4-8 Array-Type Memories ...................................................... 130
Using array-type memories ................................................................ 130
Cautions when using array-type memories ....................................... 131
Application of the array-type memories ............................................ 132
4-9 Displaying Alpha-Numeric Characters and Symbols 135
Alpha-numeric characters and symbols ............................................ 135
4-10 Using the Graph Function in Programs ..................... 137
Program Library
Prime factor analysis .......................................................................... 140
Definite integrals using Simpson’s rule ............................................ 142
A<-*Y transformation ........................................................................... 144
Minimum loss matching ............................. 146
Cantilever under concentrated load .................................................. 148
ormal distribution ..................................... 150
Graph variation by parameters .......................................................... 152
Hysteresis loop ............................................ 156
Regression curve ..................................... 160
Parade diagram .................................................................................. 168
Appendix
Function Reference ............................................................... 172
Error Message Table ............. 179
Input Ranges of Functions ................................................... 181
Specifications ........................................................... 184
Index .......................................................................... 187
- 7 -

About the Power Supply
■ Replacing batteries
Precautions:
Incorrectly using batteries can cause them to burst or leak, possibly damaging
the interior of the unit. ote the following precautions:
•Be sure that the positive © and nega
tive © poles of each battery are fac
ing in the proper direction.
• ever mix batteries of different types.
• ever mix old batteries and new ones.
• ever leave dead batteries in the battery compartment.
Keep batteries out of the reach of small children. If swallowed, consult with
a physician immediately.
Power is supplied to this unit by two lithium batteries (CR2032). If the power of
the batteries should diminish, the display will weaken and become difficult to read.
A weak display even after contrast adjustment (see page 29) may indicate power
is too low, so the batteries should be replaced. When making replacements, be
sure to replace all two batteries.
*lf batteries are used for longer than 5 years, there is the danger of leakage.
Be sure to replace batteries at least once every 5 years even if the unit is not used
during that period.
* The life of the original batteries supplied with the calculator is calculated fro the
date of installation at the factory, not fro the date of purchase.
* Stored progra s or data are erased when batteries are replaced. Therefore, it
is reco ended that progra s and data required for later use be recorded on
a coding sheet before replacing batteries.
- 8 -
• ever try to recharge the batteries
supplied with the unit.
•Do not expose batteries to direct heat,
let them become shorted, or try to
take them apart.

• To replace the batteries
< Important)
•Always make sure that the power of the calculator Is switched off before replac
ing batteries.
• ote that replacing batteries and performing the reset operation erases all data
stored in the calculator. Be sure to make written copies of data before perform
ing these operations.
•After replacing batteries, be sure to switch the calculator on and then perform
the reset operation.
©After making sure that unit power is switched off,
remove the 2 screws that hold the back cover of
the calculator in place. Remove the back cover.
©Remove the screws that secure the battery
holders in place, and remove the battery holders.
© Remove the old batteries. If you face the battery
compartment down and tap the top of the calcu
lator, the batteries should fall out.
©Wipe the surfaces of two new batteries with a soft,
dry cloth, and load them into the calculator with
their positive + sides facing up.
©Replace the battery holders, and secure them
with their screws.
©Replace the back cover of the calculator and
secure it in place with its 2 screws.
©Switch power on.
Battery holder
- 9 -

Auto Power Off function
The power of the unit is automatically switched off approximately 6 minutes after
the last key operation (except during program calculations). Once this occurs, power
can be restored by pressing the AC key. ( umeric values in the memories, pro
grams or calculation modes are unaffected when power is switched off.)
Reset operation
• Strong external electrostatic charges can cause this calculator to
malfunction. Should this happen, perform the following procedure to
reset the calculator.
Warning!
The following procedure clears all data from the memory of the calculator and
cannot be undone! To avoid the loss of important data, be sure to always keep
written backup copies.
1. Switch the power of the calculator on.
2. Press the RESET button on the back of the calculator with a thin, pointed object.
A message appears on the display to confirm whether you want to reset the
calculator and clear memory contents.
Reset ?
3. Press EXE to clear the calculator and clear the display. To abort the reset opera
tion without clearing the calculator, press any key other than EXE.
Following the reset procedure described above, the calculator is initialized as
follows:
1. RU mode
2. COMP mode
3. DEG mode
4. ORM1 mode
5. Decimal mode (for BASE- calculations)
6. Variable memories cleared
7. Defm 0 (400 program steps)
8. Answer memory clear
9. Program clear
10. Input buffer clear
11. Replay memory clear
•If the Auto Power Off function activates while the “Reset ?” message is displayed,
press AC to restore power and then start again from step 1.
* Never press the RESET button while internal operations are being performed.
Doing so can cause irreparable damage to the memor of our calculator.
- 1 0 -

H andling Precautions
•Your calculator is made up of precision components. ever try to take it apart.
•Avoid dropping your calculator and subjecting it to other strong impacts.
•Do not store the calculator or leave it in areas exposed to high temperatures
or humidity, or large amounts of dust. When exposed to low temperatures, the
calculator may require more time to display results and may even fail to oper-
ate. Correct operation will resume once the calculator is brought back to normal
temperature.
•The display will go blank and keys will not operate during calculations. When
you are operating the keyboard, be sure to watch the display to make sure that
all your key operations are being performed correctly.
•Replace batteries once every 5 years regardless of how much the calculator is
used during that period. ever leave dead batteries in the battery compartment.
They can leak and damage the unit.
•Avoid using volatile liquids such as thinner or benzine to clean the unit. Wipe
it with a soft, dry cloth, or with a cloth that has been dipped in a solution of water
and a neutral detergent and wrung out.
•In no event will the manufacturer and its suppliers be liable to you or any other
person for any damages, expenses, lost profits, lost savings or any other damages
arising out of loss of data and/or formulas arising out of malfunction, repairs,
or battery replacement. The user should prepare physical records of data to
protect against such data loss.
• ever dispose of batteries, the liquid crystal panel, or other components by burn
ing them.
•Be sure that the power is off when replacing batteries.
•If the calculator is exposed to a strong electrostatic charge, its memory contents
may be damaged or the keys may stop working. In such a case, perform the
Reset operation to clear the memory and restore normal key operation.
• ote that strong vibration or impact during program execution can cause exe
cution to stop or can damage the calculator’s memory contents.
•Before assuming malfunction of the unit, be sure to carefully reread this manual
and ensure that the problem is not due to insufficient battery power, program
ming or operational errors.
- 1 1 -

G E N E R A L
Guide
1-1 Key Markings
1-2 How to Read the Display
1-3 Key Layout
1-4 Key Operations
1-5 Before Beginning Calculations...

General Guide
Before using this unit for the first time, be sure to perform the Reset operation
described on page 10.
Important)
The keys of a scientific calculator perform more than one function. The following
explains all of the operations of each key, and so you should read this section
carefully before using your calculator for the first time.
Key Markings
The keys of this unit perform a number of different functions. The key illustrated
below, for example, is used to perform 4 different functions: X_1 , x!, A, /A.
x!
ote the following, concerning the key illustrated above.
Mode Function
Direct Input X-1
Shift x!
(alpha)A
BASE- , HEX /A
1-1
- 1 4 -

The keys of this calculator can perform a number of different functions. The key
board is color-coded to help you quickly determine the key sequence you have
to perform for each function. The following table shows how to interpret the various
key markings on the keyboard.
Keyboard Marking Meaning
Yellow Press shift and then key.
Red Press Alpha and then key.
Green Press key in BASE- mode.
In blue brackets Press key in SD or LR mode.
In addition to the above, there are a number of key sequences indicated on the
panel beneath the display (such as [ALPHA ► ] [1 Ex2]). These key sequences
can be used in the SD or LR mode only.
- 1 5 -

1-2 How to Read the Display
■ Display indicators
The following indicators appear on the display to show you the current status of
the calculator at a glance.
S M A SciFix hyp
D R G WRT PCL
x=
S : shift key pressed.
M: shift key pressed.
A: alpha key pressed.
Sci: umber of significant digits specified.
Fix: umber of decimal places specified,
hyp: hyp key pressed.
D : Degrees specified at the unit of angular measurement.
R : Radians specified at the unit of angular measurement.
G : Grads specified at the unit of angular measurement.
WRT: Program write mode 2 specified.
PCL: Program clear mode 3 specified.
X =, Y =: Indicates current x- and y-coordinate location of Trace function pointer.
< > Indicates display consists of more than 12 characters. “*<” indicates
extra characters run off left side of display, > indicates charac
ters run off right side.
Disp: Indicates displayed value is intermediate result.
-1 6 -
Y = < disp >

■About the display layout
The display consists of a dot area for graphing, as well as an area for indicators
and characters. You can monitor the status of the calculator and programs by
viewing the display.
[ Example
Graph Display
Calculation Display
Mode Status Display
Example Program WRT mode
- 1 7 -

ff!"
Exponential display
During normal calculation, this unit is capable of displaying up to 10 digits. Values
that exceed this limit, however, are automatically displayed in exponential format.
You can choose between 2 different types of exponential display formats.
ORM 1 mode: 1 0 2(0.01)> |x | , |x| >=1010
ORM 2 mode: 10“9(0.000000001 )> |x|,|x| >=1010
Selection of these modes can be carried out by pressing mode9 exe when no specifi
cation has been made for the number of decimal places or significant digits.
The present status is not displayed, so it is necessary to perform the following
procedure to specify either display format:
I200HÜ ( ORM 1 mode)
( ORM 2 mode)
All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using the NORM
1 mode.)
How to interpret exponential format
- — Exponent
Mantissa
-► 1.2x1011 -► 120,000,000,000
1.211 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2x1011. This means that you
should move the decimal point in 1.2 eleven places to the right, since the expo
nent is positive. This results in the value 120,000,000,000.
- 1 8 -