CopperOptics PairGain HiGain HRU-412 User manual

HIGAIN REMOTE UNIT
PAIRGAIN TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
ENGINEERING SERVICES TECHNICAL PRACTICE
SECTION 150-412-181-01
Revision History of This Practice
Revision 01 - March 31, 1998
A) Initial Release
Model List Number Part Number CLEI Code
HRU-412 8A 150-1103-81 T1L2CCUAAA

Revision 01 March 31, 1998 150-412-181 -01
ii PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HRU-412 List 8A
©Copyright 1998 PairGain Technologies, Inc.
PairGain, and HiGain are registered trademarks of PairGain Technologies, Inc.
Information contained in this documentis company private toPairGain Technologies, Inc.,
and shallnot bemodified, used, copied,reproduced or disclosed in whole orinpart without
the written consent of PairGain.
Other product names mentioned in this practice are used for identification purposes only
and may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

150-412-181-01 March 31, 1998 Revision 01
HRU-412 List 8A PairGain Engineering - Plant Series iii
USING THIS TECHNICAL PRACTICE
Two types of messages, identified by icons, may appear in the text.
Notes contain information about special circumstances.
Cautions indicate the possibility of equipment damage or the
possibility of personal injury.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Overview................................................................................................1
Applications..............................................................................3
Specifications.........................................................................................4
Functional Description .........................................................................5
Operational Capabilities...........................................................5
Front Panel Features.................................................................7
Rear Panel Features................................................................10
Local and Line Powering .......................................................12
Installation...........................................................................................14
Unpack and Inspect the Shipment..........................................14
Install the HRU-412 List 8A ..................................................14
Installation Test ......................................................................16
Configure, Provision, and Monitor Performance............................17
Connect an ASCII Terminal...................................................17
Logging On and Using the Menus .........................................19
View Span Status .....................................................21
Set Clock..................................................................23
System Settings........................................................24
View Performance Data...........................................25
View Performance History ......................................26
View Alarm History.................................................27
Loopbacks............................................................................................29

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Technical Support .............................................................................. 32
Warranty ................................................................................ 32
FCC Compliance.................................................................... 33
UL Listing.............................................................................. 34
CSA Certification................................................................... 34

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vi PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HRU-412 List 8A
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. HRU-412 List 8A Block Diagram ..........................................6
Figure 2. HRU-412 List 8A Front Panel ................................................7
Figure 3. HRU-412 List 8A Back Panel ..............................................10
Figure 4. HRU-412 List 8A Pin-Outs ..................................................15
Figure 5. HRU-412 List 8A RS-232 Wiring ........................................18
Figure 6. Remote Log On Screen ........................................................20
Figure 7. Main Menu, Local Log On ...................................................20
Figure 8. Span Status Screen, No Doublers in Use .............................21
Figure 9. Span Status Screen, Doublers in Use ...................................22
Figure 10. Set Clock Screen ................................................................23
Figure 11. System Settings Menu ........................................................24
Figure 12. Performance Data Screen ...................................................25
Figure 13. Performance History Screen ...............................................26
Figure 14. Alarm History Screen .........................................................27
Figure 15. HRU-412 List 8A Loopbacks .............................................29
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. HDSL Loss Over Cables .........................................................3
Table 2. HRU-412 List 8A Front Panel Components.............................8
Table 3. Rear Panel Components..........................................................11
Table 4. HRU-412 List 8A Alarm History Screen Definitions ...........28

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HRU-412 List 8A PairGain Engineering - Plant Series 1
OVERVIEW
The PairGain®HiGain®Remote Unit Model HRU-412 List 8A is the remote
end ofa repeaterless T1 transmission system. An HRU-412 List 8A connects
to a HiGain Line Unit (HLU-231, HLU-232, HLU-319, or HLU-388),
creating a HiGain system which provides 1.544 Mbps transmission on two
unconditioned copper pairs over the full Carrier Serving Area (CSA) range.
The CSA encompasses approximately 12,000 feet of AWG 24 wire or
9,000 feet of AWG 26 wire, including bridge taps and gauge changes. A
HiGain system utilizes 2B1Q High-bit-rate Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL)
transmission technology. The HRU-412 List 8A complies with ANSI
T1E1.4, T1.403-1989, and T1E1.4/92-002R2 technical standards and
recommendations. The HRU-412 List 8A mounts in a single slot of an
industry standard 400 Mechanics type shelf. The system also complies with
GR-63 Core of Network Equipment Building System (NEBS) Generic
Equipment requirements, and Transport System Generic Requirements
(TSGR) common requirements TR-TSY-000499.
The HRU-412 List 8A features:
•Customer Interface (CI)
•Front panel DS1 and HDSL LEDs
•Front panel loopback button
•Signature resistance on DS1 and HDSL ports
•Generic and addressable repeater Loopback activation codes
•Metallic Smart-Jack loopback (conforms to TR-TSY-000312)
•Provisioning switches for customer premise equipment (CPE) current,
receive (RCV) level, and transmit loss of signal (TLOS) initiated
loopback or alarm
•Line or local power options
•Sealing current
•Front panel jacks for test access
•RS-232 connector
•CPE current monitor test points
•Front panel HDSL margin threshold indicator for each loop

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•Lightning and power cross protection on HDSL and DS1 interfaces
•784kbps full-duplex 2B1Q HDSL transmission on two pairs
•DS0 blocking support
The HRU-412 List 8A supports PairGain’s 1 x 1 Protection Switching
System. The HRU-412 List 8A can be line powered or locally powered with
a simplexed sealing current option. The HDSL line input resistive signature
is 14 ohms.
The HRU-412 List 8A supports PairGain’s 1 x 1 Protection
Switching System.

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Applications
A HiGain system, consisting of a HiGain line unit and a HiGain remote unit,
provides a quick and cost-effective way of delivering T1 High Capacity
Digital Service (HCDS) to customers over copper pairs. The HiGain system
can be deployed on two unconditioned, non-loaded copper pairs without
repeaters, and without the need for bridged tap removal or binder group
separation.
The general guidelines for HiGain system usage is that each loop have less
than 35 dB of loss at 196 kHz, with 135 ohm driving and terminating
impedances.
Table 1 provides a guide for the loss over various cable gauges at 196 kHz
and 135ohms. The table applies to the HDSL cable pairs between the HiGain
line unit and the HiGain remote unit. Without specific loop insertion loss
data, add 3 dB for each bridged tap and 1 dB for each cable gauge change.
The dc cable resistance determines the simplex powering resistance path of
the loops. The maximum allowable resistance for a HiGain system is
800 ohms over two HDSL simplex loops. This means, for example, where
12 kft AWG 24 equals 34.08 dB (insertion loss), resistance is at 622 ohms
which is well below the limit of 800 ohms.
A HiGain system operates with a variety of other T1, POTS, Digital Data
Service (DDS) equipment or other HiGain systems sharing the same cable
binder group. HiGain systems provide temporary or permanent DS1 service
and can provide a means of deploying service in advance of fiber-optic
transmission systems.
Table 1. HDSL Loss Over Cables
Cable Gauge Loss at 196 kHz
(db/kft) Ohms per kft
26/0.4mm 3.88 83
24/0.51mm 2.84 52
22/0.61mm 2.18 32
19/0.91mm 1.54 16

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SPECIFICATIONS
HDSL
Line Code 784 kbps 2B1Q full duplex
Output +13 dB + 0.5 dB at 135 ohms
Line Impedance 135 ohms
Startup Time 15 seconds (typical), 60 seconds (maximum)
Maximum Provisioning Loss
35 dB at 196 kHz, 135 ohms
Line Clock Rate
Internal Stratum 4 clock
Power Consumption
5 Watts (typical), 7 Watts (maximum)
Electrical Protection
Secondary surge and power cross protection on all DS1 and HDSL ports
Environmental
Operating Temperature - 40° C to + 65° C
Humidity 5 to 95% (non-condensing)
Mounting
Single wide 400 Mechanics type shelf
DS1
One-way Delay < 220 microseconds per span
Line Impedance 100 ohms
Pulse Output 0 dB (RLEV = 0), -15 dB (RLEV = 15)
Input Level > -22.5 dB
Line Rate 1.544 Mbps + 200 bps

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HRU-412 List 8A PairGain Engineering - Plant Series 5
Output Wander (MTIE and TVAR) Compliant with Section 7.2.1 of the
T1X1.3/90-026R7 SONET committee report
Line Format AMI, B8ZS, or ZBTSI
Frame Format ESF, SF, or unframed
Dimensions
Height: 5.6 in. (14.22 cm)
Width: 1.4 in. (3.55 cm)
Depth: 5.6 in. (14.22 cm)
Weight 1 lb. 2 oz. (510.75 g)
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
This section describes the functions of the HRU-412 List 8A.
Operational Capabilities
HiGain utilizes PairGain’s 2B1Q HDSL transceiver system to establish two
full-duplex784 kbpsdatachannelsbetween the HLU and a remotelymounted
HRU-412 List 8A. This provides a total capacity of 1.568 Mbps between the
two units. PairGain’s HDSL technology provides full-duplex services at
standard T1 rates over copper wires between an HLU and an HRU, which
comprise one HiGain system.
The HRU-412 power supply converts the power feed voltage received on the
simplex pairs (or the -48 Vdc input when locally powered) to voltages and
currents required by the HRU-412 circuitry. The power supply generates +5,
-5 and 30 Vdc outputs. The 30 Vdc output is converted to a 60 mA current
feed to power a Network Interface Device (NID). Exercise caution when
powering a unit that requires more than 30Vdc. TheHRU-412 List8A cannot
power a NID and another product simultaneously.
The HRU-412 dissipates 5 Watts of power and may consume up to 7 Watts
when feeding 60 mA of simplex current to the CI.

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6 PairGain Engineering - Plant Series HRU-412 List 8A
The HRU-412 List 8A can be used with the HLU-232 line unit to form an
automatic 1 x 1 protection switch system. For this application, the HRU-412
List 8A must be installed in the two slot HRE-422 remote enclosure. This
enclosure provides access to the HRU-412 List 8A protection switch output,
on pins 12 and 40, which control the protection switching function.
Figure 1 shows a block diagram of the HRU-412 List 8A.
Figure 1. HRU-412 List 8A Block Diagram

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Front Panel Features
Figure 2 shows the front view of the HRU-412 List 8A. Table 2 describes the
HRU-412 List 8A front panel components.
Figure 2. HRU-412 List 8A Front Panel

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Table 2. HRU-412 List 8A Front Panel Components
Name Function
Test points Allow the 60 mA CPE current option to be measured. The current flowing
is related to the voltage measured across the + and - test points by the
following relationship: CPE CURRENT = 1 MA/1 MV. Typical readings
range from 55 to 65 mV, which equate to a 55 to 65 mA current range.
Receive
(RCV) and
transmit
(XMT) jacks
Provide splitting and monitor access to the CPE DS1 interface. The jacks
are transformer isolated from the CPE DS1 metallic interface.
Alarm LEDs REM LOS LED lights red to indicate a loss of signal (LOS) at the T1 input
to the HLU. This LOS condition causes the HRU-412 List 8A to transmit
the alarm indicating signal (AIS) pattern toward the CPE.
LOC LOS LED lights red to indicate a loss of signal (LOS) at the T1 input
to the HRU-412 List 8A. This LOS condition transmits the AIS pattern
toward the DSX-1 (TLOS Disabled) or to execute a logic loopback in the
HRU-412 List 8A (TLOS Enabled).
Loopback
(LB) LEDs
NET LED lights green to indicate the HRU-412 List 8A is in a loopback state
where the signal from the network is looping back to the network.
CIS LED lights yellow to indicate the HRU-412 List 8A is in a loopback state
in which the signal from the customer interface (CI) is looping back to the
CI.
Code LEDs B8ZS LED lights green to indicate that the user DS1 code option is set to
B8ZS.
AMI LED lights yellow to indicate that the user DS1 code option is set to
AMI.
BPV LED lights red to indicate that the user DS1 code option is set to BPV.
If the user DS1 code option is set to AUTO, the lit LED indicates what DS1
signal is being received. Note that these settings are made on the HLU.
Framing
LEDs
ESF LED lights green to indicate that the framing pattern of the received
signal is Extended Super Frame (ESF).
SF LED lights yellow to indicate that the framing pattern of the received
signal is Super Frame (SF).
ERR LED lights red to indicate that a DS1 frame error has occurred.
No frame LED lights when the HRU-412 List 8A input pattern is unframed
or when the framing option is set to UNFR (unframed). Note that this
settings is made on the HLU.

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HDSL LEDs LP1 OK LED flashes green while HDSL Loop 1 is synchronizing with the
HLU. The LED lights green to indicate that loop 1 is properly synchronized
with the HLU.
LP1 MAR LED lights yellow when the HRU-412 List 8A margin on HDSL
loop 1 has dropped below the user-defined margin threshold value. This
indicator flashes yellow at a slow rate to indicate that a loss of sync word
(LOSW) exists in span 1, loop 1 of the HDSL pair between the HLU and the
doubler. This indicator flashes yellow at a rapid rate to indicate that a
LOSW problem exists in span 2, loop 1 of the HDSL pairs between the first
and second doublers.
LP1 ES LED flashes red every second that a CRC error is detected on loop
1 from the upstream module.
LP2 OK LED flashes green while HDSL Loop 1 is synchronizing with the
HLU. The LED lights green to indicate that loop 2 is properly synchronized
with the HLU.
LP2 MAR LED lights yellow when the HRU-412 List 8A margin on HDSL
loop 2 has dropped below the user-defined margin threshold value. This
indicator flashes yellow at a slow rate to indicate that a loss of sync word
(LOSW) exists in span 1, loop 2 of the HDSL pair between the HLU and the
doubler. This indicator flashes yellow at a rapid rate to indicate that a
LOSW problem exists in span 2, loop 2 of the HDSL pairs between the first
and second doublers.
LP2 ES LED flashes red every second that a CRC error is detected on
loop 2 from the upstream module.
RS-232
(Craft)
connector
Provides a connection port for an ASCII terminal. The ASCII terminal
allows access to the maintenance, provisioning, and performance
monitoring menus and screens.
Card handle Pull on the card handle to remove the HRU-412 List 8A from the shelf slot.
WCN label Provides the warranty control number for the HRU-412 List 8A.
Table 2. HRU-412 List 8A Front Panel Components (Cont.)

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Rear Panel Features
The HRU-412 List 8A back panel features are shown in Figure 3. Table 3
describes the features.
Figure 3. HRU-412 List 8A Back Panel

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Table 3. Rear Panel Components
Switch Setting Function
I-CPE 0Sets the CPE current to 0 mA.
60 Sets the CPE current to 60 mA to power an external NID.
The CPE current control signals terminate on pins 32 and 34 of the card-
edge converter. These access pins are for factory test only and are not
used. Single slot remote enclosures and seven slot enclosures use the
pins to control the CPE options in older HRU units. These enclosures must
be optimized for 0 mA current to prevent a conflict between external
connections to pins 32 and 34 and the settings of the I-CPE switch.
TLOS-LB DIS Does not allow the HRU-412 List 8A to enter its logic loopback
state when a loss of the T1 XMT signal from the CPE causes the
HLU to transmit the AIS signal toward the DSX-1.
EN Allows the HRU-412 List 8A to enter its logic loopback state when
a loss of the T1 XMT signal from the CPE causes the HLU to
transmit the AIS signal toward the DSX-1. While in this loopback
state, the HRU-412 List 8A transmits the AIS signal toward the CPE
and returns the network signal back to the network. The HLU
displays TLOS in its front panel display. This condition remains
until a valid T1 signal is received from the CPE or until the 3-in-5
in-band loopdown command is issued. Once the TLOS initiated
loopback occurs, it will not reoccur until the CPE T1 signal has
been reapplied and then removed. This feature prevents the
HRU-412 List 8A from oscillating into and out of TLOS loopback
when a loopdown command is issued in the absence of a T1 signal
from the CPE. This TLOS option must never be enabled when the
HRU-412 List 8A is used with old line units that do not support this
feature. These older line units (List 6 and under) cannot loopdown
an HRU-412 List 8A that is in a TLOS loop-up state when they
receive the 3-in-5 in-band loopdown command.
RLEV 0Configures the T1 RCV level to 0 dB. This sets the T1 output signal
level from the HRU-412 List 8A toward the NI to 0 dB. Use this
setting when the HRU-412 List 8A is not functioning as a NID but
is connected to an external NID. It allows the external NID to set
the appropriate NI level.
15 Configures the T1 RCV level to -15 dB. This sets the T1 output
signal level from the HRU-412 List 8A toward the NI level to -15 dB.
This setting is recommended when the HRU-412 List 8A functions
as a NID.

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Local and Line Powering
The HRU-412 List 8A unit can be line powered or local powered. It always
chooses the local -48 Vdc power source, if present. It defaults to line power
only in the absence of local power. Some older HLUs automatically turn off
their line powering when connected to the HRU-412 List 8A. The older
versions of the HLU-231 (Lists 1, 2, 3, 3A, and 4) must havetheir PWRF user
option disabled for them to work properly with a locally powered HRU-412
List 8A. Refer to the appropriate HLU technical practice if you need more
information about its local and line powering capabilities.
When locally powered, the HRU-412 List 8A provides 15 mA (shortloop) to
10 mA (long loop) simplex sealing current toward all versions of the HLU
over the two HDSL pairs. JP2, shown in Figure 3, allows the sealing current
to be enabled or disabled. To enable the sealing current, connect JP2 across
both terminals. To disable the sealing current, remove the jumper from the
inner terminal and attach it to the outer terminal. The factory default setting
is disabled. This simplexed sealing current is polarity sensitive and will not
flow if the HDSL loops at the HRU-412 List 8A arereversed.Reversed loops
are indicated by a CHREV message in the ALARMS line of the Span Status
screen.
The simplex sealing current is not compatible with doublers HDU-451 List 1,
2, or 3. These doublers block the flow of simplex sealing current. To allow
the flow of sealing current, use doublers HDU-451 List 4, HDU-439,
HDU-437, or HDU-409 with the HRU-412 List 8A.
JP2 Allows the enabling or disabling of the sealing current. To enable,
connect JP2 across both terminals. To disable (default), remove
the jumper from the inner terminal and leave it attached to the
outer terminal only.
Table 3. Rear Panel Components (Cont.)

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If local power is lost to an HRU-412 List 8A, the last span loses sync. When
the HLU or HDU attempts to reestablish sync, it detects that the HRU-412
List 8A is not locally powered and applies line power to it. The HRU-412
List 8A then powers up and operates normally if the HRU-412 List 8A is
within range to support line powering.
The -48 Vdc local power supply must have a 105 mA output current capacity
(5 W) to power each HRU-412 List 8A when the I-CPE option is set to 0 mA.
The -48 Vdc local power supply must have a 145 mA output current capacity
(7 W) to power each HRU-412 List 8A when the I-CPE option is set to
60 mA.
A Teltrend WPS-2005 Wall-Mount Power Supply, or equivalent, is capable
of powering two HRU-412 List 8A units with the I-CPE option switch set to
0 mA or one HRU-412 List 8A with the I-CPE option switch set to 60 mA.
The HRU-412 List 8A can be used in limited (2000 ohms) and unlimited (full
CSA) three span line powering applications. The line units and doublers
compatible with limited and unlimited line powering are shown below:
1Limited: loop resistance < 2000 ohms
•Line units: HLU-231 List 7D and 7B; HLU-431 List 1D; HLU-231
List 8, 8D, and 8E; HLU 319 List 5, 5D, and 5E; HLU-388 List 5
and 5D
•Doublers: HDU-437 List 1 and 1B; HDU-439 List 1 and 1B
•Doublers: HDU-409; HDU-407; HDU-406
2Unlimited: full CSA range on all spans
•Line units: HLU-231 List 8, 8D and 8E; HLU 319 List 5, 5D, and
5E; HLU-388 List 5 and 5D
•Doublers: HDU-409; HDU-407; HDU-406
For more information on doublers, see the technical practices for the HiGain
Mini Doublers and the HiGain Micro Doubler.
The HRU-412 List 8A supports up to three spans (with the use of
two doublers).

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INSTALLATION
This section describes how to install the HRU-412 List 8A.
Unpack and Inspect the Shipment
Upon receipt of the equipment:
1Unpack the container and visually inspect the product for signs of
damage. If the equipment has been damaged in transit, immediately
reportthe extentofthedamage to the transportation company and toyour
sales representative.
2Verify the contents using the packing list to ensure complete and
accurate shipment.
If you must store the equipment for a prolonged period, store it in the
original container.
Install the HRU-412 List 8A
The HRU-412 List 8A mounts in the following shelves (indoor use):
•PairGain’s HRE-421 (double-width, single-mount)
•HRE-422 (double-wide, double mount)
•HRE-424 (double-wide, four-unit wall mount)
•HRE-420 (single-wide, single mount)
•HRE-427 (seven-unit wall or rack mount)
•HRE-425 (12 slot wall or rack mount)
For outdoor applications, the HRU-412 List 8A mounts in the following
shelves:
•HRE-454 (four-unit)
•HRE-450 (single-unit)
•400 Mechanics type shelves
The HRU-412 List 8A pin-outs are shown in Figure 4. The active pins are
shown in black.