CSI Wireless Seres User manual

Seres™
Reference Manual
Part Number 875-0056-000
Date: September 2002

Seres Reference Manualii
Copyright Notice
Copyright 2002 CSI Wireless Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this
manual may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced by
any means, including, but not limited to photocopy, photograph, digitizing,
or otherwise, without the prior written permission from CSI Wireless Inc.
Trademarks
The CSI Wireless logo, Seres™, and COAST™ are trademarks of CSI
Wireless Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective
owners.
FCC Notice
This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject
to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including
interference that may cause undesired operation.
CSI Wireless Inc.
4110 9th Street SE
Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2G 3C4
Telephone number: [phone]
Fax number: [phone]
E-mail address: [e-mail]
Web Site: www.csi-wireless.com

Seres Reference Manual iii
CSI Wireless Limited Warranty
CSI Wireless Inc. (“CSI”) hereby warrants solely to the end purchaser of
the Products, subject to the exclusions and procedures set forth herein
below, that the Products sold to such end purchaser shall be free, under
normal use and maintenance, from defects in material and workmanship for
a period of 12 months from delivery to such end purchaser. Repairs and
replacement components are warranted, subject to the exclusions and
procedures set forth below, to be free, under normal use and maintenance,
from defects in material and workmanship for 90 days from performance
or delivery, or for the balance of the original warranty period, whichever is
greater.
Purchaser’s Exclusive Remedy
The end purchaser’s exclusive remedy under this warranty shall be limited
to the repair or replacement, at the option of CSI Wireless, of any
defective Products or components thereof. The end user shall notify CSI
Wireless or a CSI Wireless approved service center immediately of any
claimed defect. Repairs shall be made through a CSI Wireless approved
service center only.
Exclusions
CSI Wireless does not warrant damage occurring in transit or due to
misuse, abuse, improper installation, neglect, lightning (or other electrical
discharge) or fresh/salt water immersion of Products. Repair, modification
or service of CSI Wireless products by any party other than a CSI
Wireless approved service center shall render this warranty null and void.
CSI Wireless does not warrant claims asserted after the end of the
warranty period. CSI Wireless does not warrant or guarantee the
precision or accuracy of positions obtained when using Products.

Seres Reference Manualiv
Products are not intended for primary navigation or for use in safety of life
applications. The potential accuracy of Products as stated in CSI Wireless
literature and/or Product specifications serves to provide only an estimate
of achievable accuracy based on:
•Specifications provided by the US Department of Defense for GPS Positioning,
•GPS OEM Receiver specifications of the appropriate manufacturer (if
applicable), and
•DGPS service provider performance specifications.
CSI Wireless reserves the right to modify Products without any obligation
to notify, supply or install any improvements or alterations to existing
Products.
No Other Warranties
THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS EXCLUSIVE OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES, WHETHER WRITTEN, ORAL, IMPLIED OR ARISING BY
STATUTE, COURSE OF DEALING OR TRADE USAGE, IN
CONNECTION WITH THE DESIGN, SALE, INSTALLATION, SERVICE
OR USE OF ANY PRODUCTS OR ANY COMPONENTS THEREOF,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, ANY WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Limitation of Liability
THE EXTENT OF CSI WIRELESS’S LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OF ANY
NATURE TO THE END PURCHASER OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR
ENTITY WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT AND WHETHER TO
PERSONS OR PROPERTY SHALL IN NO CASE EXCEED, IN THE
AGGREGATE, THE COST OF CORRECTING THE DEFECT IN THE
PRODUCT OR, AT CSI WIRELESS’S OPTION, THE COST OF
REPLACING THE DEFECTIVE ITEM. IN NO EVENT WILL CSI

Seres Reference Manual v
WIRELESS BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PRODUCTION, LOSS OF
PROFITS, LOSS OF USE OR FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL OR CONTINGENT DAMAGES,
EVEN IF CSI WIRELESS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. WITHOUT LIMITING THE FOREGOING, CSI
WIRELESS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES OF ANY KIND
RESULTING FROM INSTALLATION, USE, QUALITY, PERFORMANCE
OR ACCURACY OF ANY PRODUCTS.
Governing Legislation
To the greatest extent possible, this warranty shall be governed by the laws
of the State of Arizona. In the event that any provision hereof is held to be
invalid by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be severed
from this warranty and the remaining provisions shall remain in full force
and effect.
Obtaining Warranty Service
In order to obtain warranty service, the end purchaser must bring the
Product to a CSI Wireless approved service center, along with the end
purchaser’s proof of purchase. For any questions regarding warranty
service or to obtain information regarding the location of any of CSI
Wireless’s approved service centers, contact CSI Wireless at the following
address:

Seres Reference Manualvi

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Table of Contents
List of Figures...........................................................................................................................xiii
List of Tables.............................................................................................................................xv
Preface.....................................................................................................................................xvii
Organization.................................................................................................................xviii
Customer Service..........................................................................................................xix
World Wide Web Site..................................................................................................xx
Document Conventions................................................................................................xx
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings..................................................................................xx
Introduction ................................................................................................................................1
1.1 GPS...........................................................................................................................1
1.1.1 How it Works...........................................................................................1
1.1.2 GPS Services.............................................................................................2
1.2 Differential GPS......................................................................................................2
1.2.1 How it Works...........................................................................................3
1.2.2 Real-Time DGPS......................................................................................3
1.3 DGPS Format..........................................................................................................3
1.4 Factors Affecting DGPS Accuracy......................................................................4
1.4.1 Proximity of the Reference Station.......................................................5
1.4.2 Correction Latency..................................................................................7
1.4.3 Satellite Constellation Geometry...........................................................7
1.4.4 GPS Signal Multipath...............................................................................8
1.4.5 GPS Receiver Quality..............................................................................8
1.5 Space Based Augmentation Systems...................................................................8

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1.5.1 How it Works.........................................................................................10
1.5.2 Signal Information ..................................................................................11
1.5.3 Reception.................................................................................................11
1.5.4 WAAS and ESTB Coverage.................................................................12
1.5.5 SBAS Ionospheric Map Extrapolation ................................................16
1.6 e-Dif –Extended Differential Option...............................................................19
1.7 COAST™ Technology........................................................................................21
1.8 Seres Information .................................................................................................21
2. Installation ...................................................................................................................24
2.1 System Parts List...................................................................................................24
2.2 Cable Interface......................................................................................................24
2.3 Seres Placement....................................................................................................25
2.4 Environmental Considerations..........................................................................25
2.5 Power Considerations.........................................................................................26
2.6 Methods of Mounting the Seres.........................................................................26
2.6.1 Magnetic Mount......................................................................................26
2.6.2 Surface Mount.........................................................................................27
2.6.3 Pole Mount..............................................................................................28
2.6.4 Powering the Seres................................................................................29
2.6.5 Connecting the Seres To External Devices......................................30
2.6.6 Routing and Securing the Cable.........................................................33
3. Seres Overview...........................................................................................................34
3.1 GPS Operation.....................................................................................................34
3.1.1 Automatic Tracking...............................................................................34
3.1.2 GPS Performance...................................................................................34
3.2 SBAS Operation ...................................................................................................35
3.2.1 Automatic Tracking...............................................................................35

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3.2.2 SBAS Performance.................................................................................36
3.3 e-Dif Operation....................................................................................................37
3.3.1 Start-up....................................................................................................37
3.3.2 Calibration...............................................................................................37
3.3.3 e-Dif Performance..................................................................................37
3.4 Factory Default Parameters................................................................................38
3.5 Seres Architecture...............................................................................................39
3.5.1 Hardware.................................................................................................40
3.5.2 Firmware..................................................................................................40
3.5.3 Applications............................................................................................41
4. Seres Operation .........................................................................................................42
4.1 Powering the Seres..............................................................................................42
4.2 Communicating with the Seres..........................................................................42
4.2.1 NMEA 0183 Interface...........................................................................43
4.2.2 Binary Interface.......................................................................................44
4.2.3 RTCM SC-104 Protocol........................................................................44
4.3 Configuring the Seres..........................................................................................46
4.4 Changing the Application...................................................................................46
4.5 Configuring the Data Message Output............................................................46
4.5.1 This Port and the Other Port..............................................................46
5. NMEA 0183 Messages..............................................................................................48
5.1 NMEA Message Elements...................................................................................48
5.2 SLXMon..................................................................................................................49
5.3 General Commands.............................................................................................50
5.3.1 $JASC,D1.................................................................................................51
5.3.2 $JAIR.........................................................................................................51
5.3.3 $JASC,VIRTUAL.....................................................................................52

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5.3.4 $JALT........................................................................................................53
5.3.5 $JLIMIT.....................................................................................................54
5.3.6 $JAPP........................................................................................................54
5.3.7 $JBAUD....................................................................................................55
5.3.8 $JCONN..................................................................................................56
5.3.9 $JDIFF.......................................................................................................56
5.3.10 $JK ............................................................................................................57
5.3.11 $JPOS.......................................................................................................57
5.3.12 $JQUERY,GUIDE...................................................................................58
5.3.13 $JRESET...................................................................................................59
5.3.14 $JSAVE.....................................................................................................59
5.3.15 $JSHOW..................................................................................................60
5.3.16 $JT.............................................................................................................63
5.4 GPS Commands...................................................................................................63
5.4.1 $JASC.......................................................................................................64
5.4.2 $JAGE,age................................................................................................65
5.4.3 $JOFF........................................................................................................65
5.4.4 $JMASK....................................................................................................66
5.4.5 $JBIN.........................................................................................................66
5.4.6 $J4STRING..............................................................................................67
5.5 SBAS Commands..................................................................................................68
5.5.1 $JWAASPRN..........................................................................................69
5.5.2 $JGEO......................................................................................................70
5.5.3 $JRD1.......................................................................................................71
5.5.4 $JASC,RTCM...........................................................................................71
5.6 e-Dif Commands..................................................................................................72
5.6.1 $JRAD,1...................................................................................................73

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5.6.2 $JRAD,1,P................................................................................................74
5.6.3 $JRAD,1,lat,lon,alt..................................................................................74
5.6.4 $JRAD,2...................................................................................................75
5.6.5 $JRAD,3...................................................................................................75
5.7 Data Messages......................................................................................................76
5.7.1 GGA Data Message...............................................................................77
5.7.2 GLL Data Message.................................................................................78
5.7.3 GSA Data Message................................................................................79
5.7.4 GST Data Message.................................................................................80
5.7.5 GSV Data Message.................................................................................81
5.7.6 RMC Data Message................................................................................82
5.7.7 RRE Data Message.................................................................................83
5.7.8 VTG Data Message................................................................................84
5.7.9 ZDA Data Message................................................................................85
5.7.10 RD1 Data Message................................................................................86
6. Frequently Asked Questions....................................................................................88
6.1 General..................................................................................................................88
6.2 Support and Repairs............................................................................................89
6.3 Troubleshooting...................................................................................................90
6.4 Power, Communication, and Configuration ...................................................91
6.5 GPS Reception and Performance......................................................................93
6.6 SBAS Reception and Performance....................................................................94
6.7 e-Dif........................................................................................................................95
6.8 External Corrections...........................................................................................96
6.9 Installation .............................................................................................................97
7. Troubleshooting.........................................................................................................98

Seres Reference Manualxii
Appendix A -Specifications.................................................................................................100
Appendix B -Interface..........................................................................................................102
Appendix C –Surface Mount Template............................................................................108
Appendix D –Resources.....................................................................................................110
Index .....................................................................................................................................113

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List of Figures
Figure 1-1 WAAS Coverage..................................................................................................14
Figure 1-2 EGNOS Coverage................................................................................................15
Figure 1-3 Broadcast WAAS Inonspheric Correction Map.............................................17
Figure 1-4 Extrapolated WAAS Inonspheric Correction Map........................................17
Figure 1-5 Broadcast EGNOS Inonspheric Correction Map...........................................18
Figure 1-6 Extrapolated EGNOS Inonspheric Correction Map......................................18
Figure 1-7 e-Dif Error Drift....................................................................................................20
Figure 2-1 Cable Interface......................................................................................................24
Figure 2-2 Surface Mount Installation ..................................................................................28
Figure 2-3 Pole Mount Installation........................................................................................29
Figure 2-5 DB9 Socket Numbering......................................................................................31
Figure 2-6 Port A Interface....................................................................................................32
Figure 2-7 Port B Interface.....................................................................................................32
Figure 5-1 SLXMon Screen Capture.....................................................................................50
Figure B-1 GPS Data Interface.............................................................................................103
Figure B-2 RTCM Data Output Interface..........................................................................104

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List ofTables
Table 2-1 Power Requirements.............................................................................................26
Table 2-2 Port A Pin-out, RS-232C Interface Level..........................................................31
Table 2-3 Port B Pin-out, RS-232C Interface Level...........................................................31
Table 3-1 Firmware Applications..........................................................................................38
Table 3-2 Default Port Settings.............................................................................................39
Table 3-3 Default GPS NMEA Message Output................................................................39
Table 3-4 Default Parameters................................................................................................39
Table 5-1 NMEA Message Elements.....................................................................................48
Table 5-2 General Commands..............................................................................................50
Table 5-3 GPS Commands.....................................................................................................63
Table 5-4 SBAS Commands...................................................................................................68
Table 5-5 e-Dif Commands....................................................................................................73
Table 5-6 Data Messages........................................................................................................76
Table 5-7 GGA Data Message Defined...............................................................................77
Table 5-8 GLL Data Message Defined .................................................................................78
Table 5-9 GSA Data Message Defined ................................................................................79
Table 5-10 GSA Data Message Defined..............................................................................80
Table 5-11 GSV Data Message Defined ..............................................................................81
Table 5-12 RMC Data Message Defined .............................................................................82
Table 5-13 RMC Data Message Defined .............................................................................83
Table 5-14 VTG Data Message Defined..............................................................................84
Table 5-15 ZDA Data Message Defined .............................................................................85
Table 5-16 RD1 Data Message Defined..............................................................................86
Table 7-1 Troubleshooting....................................................................................................98

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Table A-1 Specifications.......................................................................................................100

Seres Reference Manual xvii
Preface
Welcome to the Seres Reference Manual and congratulations on
purchasing this high-performance smart DGPS antennal. This product is
based upon the successful heritage of our SLX engine-based GPS products.
The purpose of this manual is to familiarize you with the proper installation,
configuration, and operation of your new receiver system. We chose to
write this document as a comprehensive resource rather than a simple
user’s guide in order to place a variety of information in one place. We
hope this saves you time by providing complete information in a single
document and also increases your knowledgebase beyond the basic
operation of the Seres GPS system.
The Seres is a complete smart antenna system composed of a high-
performance receiver and antenna integrated within a single enclosure. It
contains the new CSI Wireless SX-1 GPS engine that brings high
performance positioning to a compact, simple to install product. The Seres
delivers sub-meter positioning using corrections from Space Based
Augmentation Systems (SBAS), at position update rates of up to 5 Hz
(option required).
The Seres also supports optional e-Dif firmware that allows it to position
with similar accuracy to differential mode for up to 30 to 40 minutes. e-Dif
allows the Seres to become it’s own base station during a short calibration
procedure and use corrections computed from this initialization for
extended periods while providing high accuracy.
CSI Wireless has designed this GPS product to function in a wide array of
applications and environments. Compact, lightweight, yet rugged, the Seres
will provide you with years of reliable operation.

Seres Reference Manualxviii
Organization
This manual contains the following chapters:
Chapter 1: Introduction -provides an introduction to GPS and DGPS
technology, and the Seres smart antenna
Chapter 2: Installation -describes how to install the Seres smart antenna,
and provides a foundation for interfacing it with an external data logging or
monitoring device.
Chapter 3: Seres Overview -provides details on the fundamental operating
modes of the Seres system.
Chapter 4: Operation -describes how to configure and operate the Seres
receiver. This Chapter also provides a detailed listing of the default
parameters.
Chapter 5: NMEA 0183 Messages -describes the subset of NMEA 0183
commands and queries used to communicate with the Seres system.
Chapter 6: Frequently Asked Questions –This chapter provides answers
to frequently asked questions about the Seres smart antenna.
Chapter 7: Troubleshooting -provides you with diagnostic information to
aid in determining a source of difficulty for a particular installation.
Appendix A –Specifications: -details the technical characteristics of the
Seres smart antenna.
Appendix B –Interface: provides instructions to interface the Seres smart
antenna with external devices.
Appendix C –Surface Mount Template: provides a line drawing that may
be useful for planning when surface mounting the Seres

Seres Reference Manual xix
Appendix D –Resources: This appendix lists a number of different
resources that may be useful for the advanced user.
The Index provides a listing of the locations of various subjects within this
manual.
Customer Service
If you encounter problems during the installation or operation of this
product, or cannot find the information you need, please contact your
dealer, or CSI Wireless Customer Service. The contact numbers and e-
mail address for CSI Wireless Customer Service are:
Telephone number: [phone]
Fax number: [phone]
E-mail address: [e-mail]
Technical Support is available from 8:00 AM to 5:00 PM Mountain Time,
Monday to Friday.
To expedite the support process, please have the product model and serial
number available when contacting CSI Wireless Customer Service.
In the event that your equipment requires service, we recommend that
you contact your dealer directly. However, if this is not possible, you must
contact CSI Wireless Customer Service to obtain a Return Merchandise
Authorization (RMA) number before returning any product to CSI
Wireless. If you are returning a product for repair, you must also provide
a fault description before CSI Wireless will issue an RMA number.
When providing the RMA number, CSI Wireless will provide you with
shipping instructions to assist you in returning the equipment.

Seres Reference Manualxx
World Wide Web Site
CSI Wireless maintains a World Wide Web home page at the following
address:
www.csi-wireless.com
A corporate profile, product information, application news, GPS and DGPS
literature, beacon coverage information, and software are available at this
site.
Document Conventions
Bold is used to emphasize certain points.
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings
Notes, Cautions, and Warnings stress important information regarding the
installation, configuration, and operation of the Seres smart antenna system.
Note -Notes outline important information of a general nature.
Cautions -Cautions inform of possible sources of difficulty or
situations that may cause damage to the product.
Warning -Warnings inform of situations that may cause harm to
yourself.