DirekTronik LDDS45 User manual
LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor
User Manual
last modified by Xiaoling
on 2022/10/27 17:11
User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Table of Contents
1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor ........................................................................................................ 4
1.2 Features ........................................................................................................................................................................ 5
1.3 Specification .................................................................................................................................................................. 5
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions ........................................................................................................................... 5
1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern .................................................................................... 6
1.5 Applications ................................................................................................................................................................... 7
1.6 Pin mapping and power on ........................................................................................................................................ 7
2. Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN network .................................................................................................. 7
2.1 How it works ................................................................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) ............................................................................................. 7
2.3 Uplink Payload ............................................................................................................................................................ 13
2.3.1 Battery Info ........................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.2 Distance ................................................................................................................................................................. 13
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin .......................................................................................................................................................... 13
2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor .......................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.5 Sensor Flag .......................................................................................................................................................... 14
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network ........................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Uplink Interval ............................................................................................................................................................ 14
2.5 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server ........................................................................................................................ 15
2.6 Frequency Plans ........................................................................................................................................................ 17
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868) ............................................................................................................................................ 17
2.6.2 US902-928(US915) ............................................................................................................................................. 18
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470) ........................................................................................................................................... 18
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915) ............................................................................................................................................. 19
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) ................................................................................................................... 20
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920) ............................................................................................................................................ 20
2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865) ............................................................................................................................................... 21
2.7 LED Indicator .............................................................................................................................................................. 21
2.8 Firmware Change Log ............................................................................................................................................... 21
2.9 Mechanical .................................................................................................................................................................. 22
3. Battery & How to replace ................................................................................................................................................ 22
3.1 Battery Type ................................................................................................................................................................ 22
3.2 Replace Battery ........................................................................................................................................................... 23
3.3 Power Consumption Analyze ..................................................................................................................................... 23
3.3.1 Battery Note ........................................................................................................................................................... 24
3.3.2 Replace the battery ............................................................................................................................................... 24
4. Configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink ................................................................................. 25
4.1 Access AT Commands ............................................................................................................................................. 25
4.2 Set Transmit Interval Time ....................................................................................................................................... 26
4.3 Set Interrupt Mode ..................................................................................................................................................... 27
5. FAQ .................................................................................................................................................................................. 27
5.1 What is the frequency plan for LDDS45? ............................................................................................................... 27
5.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region ............................................................................................. 27
6. Trouble Shooting ............................................................................................................................................................ 27
6.1 AT Command input doesn't work ............................................................................................................................ 27
7. Order Info ........................................................................................................................................................................ 28
8. Packing Info ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28
9. Support ............................................................................................................................................................................. 28
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Table of Contents:
•1. Introduction
•1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor
•1.2 Features
•1.3 Specification
•1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions
•1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern
•1.5 Applications
•1.6 Pin mapping and power on
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
•2. Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN network
•2.1 How it works
•2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
•2.3 Uplink Payload
•2.3.1 Battery Info
•2.3.2 Distance
•2.3.3 Interrupt Pin
•2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor
•2.3.5 Sensor Flag
•2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network
•2.4 Uplink Interval
•2.5 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server
•2.6 Frequency Plans
•2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868)
•2.6.2 US902-928(US915)
•2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470)
•2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915)
•2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923)
•2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920)
•2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865)
•2.7 LED Indicator
•2.8 Firmware Change Log
•2.9 Mechanical
•3. Battery & How to replace
•3.1 Battery Type
•3.2 Replace Battery
•3.3 Power Consumption Analyze
•3.3.1 Battery Note
•3.3.2 Replace the battery
•4. Configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink
•4.1 Access AT Commands
•4.2 Set Transmit Interval Time
•4.3 Set Interrupt Mode
•5. FAQ
•5.1 What is the frequency plan for LDDS45?
•5.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region
•6. Trouble Shooting
•6.1 AT Command input doesn't work
•7. Order Info
•8. Packing Info
•9. Support
1. Introduction
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor
The Dragino LDDS45 is a LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor for Internet of Things solution. It is used to
measure the distance between the sensor and a flat object. The distance detection sensor is a module that uses
ultrasonic sensingtechnology for distance measurement, and temperature compensation is performed
internally to improve the reliability of data. The LDDS45 can be applied to scenarios such as horizontal distance
measurement, liquid level measurement, parking management system, object proximity and presence detection,
intelligent trash can management system, robot obstacle avoidance, automatic control, sewer, bottom water level
monitoring, etc.
It detects the distance between the measured object and the sensor, and uploads the value via wireless to
LoRaWAN IoT Server.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
The LoRa wireless technology used in LDDS45 allows device to send data and reach extremely long ranges at
low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum communication and high interference immunity whilst
minimizing current consumption.
LDDS45 is powered by 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery; It is designed for long term use up to 10 years*.
Each LDDS45 pre-loads with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these keys to local
LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect if there is network coverage, after power on.
*Actually lifetime depends on network coverage and uplink interval and other factors.
1.2 Features
• LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
• Ultra-low power consumption
• Distance Detection by Ultrasonic technology
• Flat object range 30mm - 4500mm
• Accuracy: ±(1cm+S*0.3%) (S: Distance)
• Measure Angle: 60°
• Cable Length : 25cm
• Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
• AT Commands to change parameters
• Uplink on periodically
• Downlink to change configure
• IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
• 8500mAh Battery for long term use
1.3 Specification
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Remarks: (1) a. When the ambient temperature is 0-39 ℃, the maximum humidity is 90% (non-
condensing);
b. When the ambient temperature is 40-50 ℃, the highest humidity is the highest
humidity in the natural world at the current temperature (no condensation)
1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern
(1) The tested object is a white cylindrical tube made of PVC, with a height of 100cm and a diameter of
7.5cm.
(2) The object to be tested is a "corrugated cardboard box" perpendicular to the central axis of 0 °, and
the length * width is 60cm * 50cm.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
1.5 Applications
• Horizontal distance measurement
• Liquid level measurement
• Parking management system
• Object proximity and presence detection
• Intelligent trash can management system
• Robot obstacle avoidance
• Automatic control
• Sewer
• Bottom water level monitoring
1.6 Pin mapping and power on
2. Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN
network
2.1 How it works
The LDDS45 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to join LoRaWAN
network. To connect a LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power
on the LDDS45. If there is coverage of the LoRaWAN network, it will automatically join the network via OTAA and
start to send the sensor value
In case you can't set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the keys from the server,
you can use AT Commandsto set the keys in the LDDS45.
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
Following is an example for how to join the TTN v3 LoRaWAN Network. Below is the network structure; we use the
LG308 as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
The LG308 is already set to connected to TTN network, so what we need to now is configure the TTN server.
Step 1: Create a device in TTN with the OTAA keys from LDDS45.
Each LDDS45 is shipped with a sticker with the default device keys, user can find this sticker in the box. it looks like
below.
For OTAA registration, we need to set APP EUI/ APP KEY/ DEV EUI. Some server might no need to set APP EUI.
Enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
Add APP EUI in the application
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Choose LDDS75 instead of LDDS45 is ok. They are of the same payload
You can also choose to create the device manually.
Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Step 2: Power on LDDS45
Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The Switch must be in FLASH position).
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Step 3: The LDDS45 will auto join to the TTN network. After join success, it will start to upload messages to TTN
and you can see the messages in the panel.
2.3 Uplink Payload
LDDS45 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
Uplink payload includes in total 8 bytes.
Size(bytes) 2 2 1 2 1
Value BAT Distance
(unit: mm)
Digital Interrupt
(Optional)
Temperature
(Optional )
Sensor Flag
2.3.1 Battery Info
Check the battery voltage for LDDS45.
Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.2 Distance
Get the distance. Flat object range 30mm - 4500mm.
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x0B 0x05, the distance between the sensor and the measured
object is
0B05(H) = 2821 (D) = 2821 mm.
• If the sensor value is 0x0000, it means system doesn't detect ultrasonic sensor.
• If the sensor value lower than 0x001E (30mm), the sensor value will be 0x00.
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
This data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. Click here for the hardware and software set
up.
Example:
0x00: Normal uplink packet.
0x01: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor
This is optional, user can connect external DS18B20 sensor to the +3.3v, 1-wire and GND pin . and this field will
report temperature.
Example:
If payload is: 0105H: (0105 & FC00 == 0), temp = 0105H /10 = 26.1 degree
If payload is: FF3FH : (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.
2.3.5 Sensor Flag
0x01: Detect Ultrasonic Sensor
0x00: No Ultrasonic Sensor
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network
While using TTN network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
The payload decoder function for TTN V3 is here:
LDDS45 TTN V3 Payload Decoder:ttps://github.com/dragino/dragino-end-node-decoder
2.4 Uplink Interval
The LDDS45 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this interval by AT Command
or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:Change Uplink Interval
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
2.5 Show Data in DataCake IoT Server
DATACAKE provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in TTN, we can use
DATACAKE to connect to TTN and see the data in DATACAKE. Below are the steps:
Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at this time.
Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to DATACAKE you will need to add integration. To
add the DATACAKE integration, perform the following steps:
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
Step 4:Search the LDDS45 and add DevEUI.
After added, the sensor data arrive TTN V3, it will also arrive and show in Datacake.
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
2.6 Frequency Plans
The LDDS45 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with different frequency
plan, please refer the AT command sets.
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868)
Uplink:
868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.8- FSK
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.6.2 US902-928(US915)
Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470)
Used in China, Default use CHE=1
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Uplink:
486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
506.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
506.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
507.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
508.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
505.3 - SF12BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915)
Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
916.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.4 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.6 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
917.8 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.0 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
918.2 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
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User Manual for LoRaWAN End Nodes - LDDS45 - LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923)
Default Uplink channel:
923.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Additional Uplink Channel:
(OTAA mode, channel added by JoinAccept message)
AS920~AS923 for Japan, Malaysia, Singapore:
922.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
922.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
AS923 ~ AS925 for Brunei, Cambodia, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Laos, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam:
923.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
923.8 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.0 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.2 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.4 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
924.6 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-8 (RX1)
923.2 - SF10BW125 (RX2)
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920)
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