Dragino LDDS45 User manual
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LDDS45 LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual 1/ 31
LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor User Manual
Document Version: 1.0
Image Version: v1.1.4
Version
Description
Date
1.0
Release
2021-Aug-11
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1. Introduction 4
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor 4
1.2 Features 5
1.3 Specification 5
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions 5
1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern 6
1.4 Applications 6
1.5 Pin mapping and power on 7
2. Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN network 8
2.1 How it works 8
2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA) 9
2.3 Uplink Payload 15
2.3.1 Battery Info 15
2.3.2 Distance 15
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin 15
2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor 16
2.3.5 Sensor Flag 16
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network 16
2.4 Uplink Interval 16
2.5 Show Data in Datacake IoT Server 17
2.6 Frequency Plans 20
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868) 20
2.6.2 US902-928(US915) 20
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470) 20
2.6.4 AU915-928(AU915) 21
2.6.5 AS920-923 & AS923-925 (AS923) 21
2.6.6 KR920-923 (KR920) 22
2.6.7 IN865-867 (IN865) 22
2.7 LED Indicator 22
2.8 Firmware Change Log 23
2.9 Mechanical 23
3. Battery & how to replace 23
3.1 Battery Type 23
3.2 Replace Battery 24
3.3 Power Consumption Analyze 24
3.3.1 Battery Note 25
3.3.2 Replace the battery 25
3. 26
4. Configure LDDS45 via AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink 26
4.1 Access AT Commands 26
4.2 Set Transmit Interval Time 27
4.3 Set Interrupt Mode 29
5. FAQ 30
5.1 What is the frequency plan for LDDS45? 30
5.2 How to change the LoRa Frequency Bands/Region? 30
6. Trouble Shooting 30
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1. Introduction
1.1 What is LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor
The Dragino LDDS45 is a LoRaWAN Distance Detection Sensor for Internet of Things solution.
It is used to measure the distance between the sensor and a flat object. The distance
detection sensor is a module that uses ultrasonic sensing technology for distance
measurement, and temperature compensation is performed internally to improve the
reliability of data. The LDDS45 can be applied to scenarios such as horizontal distance
measurement, liquid level measurement, parking management system, object proximity and
presence detection, intelligent trash can management system, robot obstacle avoidance,
automatic control, sewer, bottom water level monitoring, etc.
It detects the distance between the measured object and the sensor, and uploads the value
via wireless to LoRaWAN IoT Server.
The LoRa wireless technology used in LDDS45 allows device to send data and reach
extremely long ranges at low data-rates. It provides ultra-long range spread spectrum
communication and high interference immunity whilst minimizing current consumption.
LDDS45 is powered by 8500mAh Li-SOCI2 battery; It is designed for long term use up to 10
years*.
Each LDDS45 pre-loads with a set of unique keys for LoRaWAN registrations, register these
keys to local LoRaWAN server and it will auto connect if there is network coverage, after
power on.
*Actually lifetime depends on network coverage and uplink interval and other factors
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1.2 Features
LoRaWAN 1.0.3 Class A
Ultra-low power consumption
Distance Detection by Ultrasonic technology
Flat object range 30mm - 4500mm
Accuracy: ±(1cm+S*0.3%) (S: Distance)
Measure Angle: 60°
Cable Length : 25cm
Bands: CN470/EU433/KR920/US915/EU868/AS923/AU915/IN865
AT Commands to change parameters
Uplink on periodically
Downlink to change configure
IP66 Waterproof Enclosure
8500mAh Battery for long term use
1.3 Specification
1.3.1 Rated environmental conditions
Item
Minimum value
Typical value
Maximum value
Unit
Remarks
Storage
temperature
-25
25
80
℃
Storage
humidity
65%
90%
RH
(1)
Operating
temperature
-15
25
60
℃
Working
humidity
65%
80%
RH
(1)
Remarks: (1) a. When the ambient temperature is 0-39 ℃, the maximum humidity is 90%
(non-condensing)
b. When the ambient temperature is 40-50 ℃, the highest humidity is the
highest humidity in the natural world at the current temperature (no
condensation)
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1.3.2 Effective measurement range Reference beam pattern
(1) The tested object is a white cylindrical tube made of PVC, with a height of 100cm and a
diameter of 7.5cm.
(2) The object to be tested is a "corrugated cardboard box" perpendicular to the central axis
of 0 °, and the length * width is 60cm * 50cm.
1.4 Applications
Horizontal distance measurement
Liquid level measurement
Parking management system
Object proximity and presence detection
Intelligent trash can management system
Robot obstacle avoidance
Automatic control
Sewer
Bottom water level monitoring
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1.5 Pin mapping and power on
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2. Configure LDDS45 to connect to LoRaWAN network
2.1 How it works
The LDDS45 is configured as LoRaWAN OTAA Class A mode by default. It has OTAA keys to
join LoRaWAN network. To connect a LoRaWAN network, you need to input the OTAA keys
in the LoRaWAN IoT server and power on the LDDS45. If there is coverage of the LoRaWAN
network, it will automatically join the network via OTAA and start to send the sensor value
In case you can’t set the OTAA keys in the LoRaWAN OTAA server, and you have to use the
keys from the server, you can use AT Commands to set the keys in the LDDS45.
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2.2 Quick guide to connect to LoRaWAN server (OTAA)
Following is an example for how to join the TTN V3 LoRaWAN Network. Below is the
network structure; we use the LG308 as a LoRaWAN gateway in this example.
The LG308 is already set to connected to TTN V3 network , so what we need to now is
configure the TTN V3 server.
Step 1: Create a device in TTN V3 with the OTAA keys from LDDS45.
Each LDDS45 is shipped with a sticker with the default device keys, user can find this sticker
in the box. it looks like below.
For OTAA registration, we need to set APP EUI/ APP KEY/ DEV EUI. Some server might no
need to set APP EUI.
Enter these keys in the LoRaWAN Server portal. Below is TTN V3 screen shot:
Add APP EUI in the application
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Choose LDDS75 instead of LDDS45 is ok. They are of the same payload
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You can also choose to create the device manually.
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Add APP KEY and DEV EUI
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Step 2: Power on LDDS45
Put a Jumper on JP2 to power on the device. ( The switch must be set in FLASH position).
Step 3: The LDDS45 will auto join to the TTN V3 network. After join success, it will start to
upload messages to TTN V3 and you can see the messages in the panel.
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2.3 Uplink Payload
LDDS45 will uplink payload via LoRaWAN with below payload format:
Uplink payload includes in total 8 bytes.
2.3.1 Battery Info
Check the battery voltage for LDDS45.
Ex1: 0x0B45 = 2885mV
Ex2: 0x0B49 = 2889mV
2.3.2 Distance
Get the distance. Flat object range 280mm - 7500mm.
For example, if the data you get from the register is 0x0B 0x05, the distance between the
sensor and the measured object is
0B05(H) = 2821 (D) = 2821 mm.
➢If the sensor value is 0x0000, it means system doesn’t detect ultrasonic sensor.
➢If the sensor value lower than 0x0118 (280mm), the sensor value will be invalid. Since
v1.1.4, all value lower than 280mm will be set to 0x0014(20mm) which means the value
is invalid.
2.3.3 Interrupt Pin
This data field shows if this packet is generated by interrupt or not. Click here for the hardware
and software set up.
Example:
0x00: Normal uplink packet.
0x01: Interrupt Uplink Packet.
Size(bytes)
2
2
1
2
1
Value
BAT
Distance
(unit: mm)
Digital Interrupt
(Optional)
Temperature
( Optional )
Sensor Flag
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2.3.4 DS18B20 Temperature sensor
This is optional, user can connect external DS18B20 sensor to the +3.3v, 1-wire and GND pin .
and this field will report temperature.
Example:
If payload is: 0105H: (0105 & FC00 == 0), temp = 0105H /10 = 26.1 degree
If payload is: FF3FH : (FF3F & FC00 == 1) , temp = (FF3FH - 65536)/10 = -19.3 degrees.
2.3.5 Sensor Flag
0x01: Detect Ultrasonic Sensor
0x00: No Ultrasonic Sensor
2.3.6 Decode payload in The Things Network
While using TTN V3 network, you can add the payload format to decode the payload.
The payload decoder function for TTN V3 is here:
LDDS45 TTN V3 Payload Decoder:
http://www.dragino.com/downloads/index.php?dir=LoRa_End_Node/LDDS75/Payload_Dec
oder/
2.4 Uplink Interval
The LDDS45 by default uplink the sensor data every 20 minutes. User can change this
interval by AT Command or LoRaWAN Downlink Command. See this link:
http://wiki.dragino.com/index.php?title=End_Device_AT_Commands_and_Downlink_Comm
ands#Change_Uplink_Interval
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2.5 Show Data in Datacake IoT Server
Datacake provides a human friendly interface to show the sensor data, once we have data in
TTN V3, we can use Datacake to connect to TTN V3 and see the data in Datacake. Below are
the steps:
Step 1: Be sure that your device is programmed and properly connected to the network at
this time.
Step 2: To configure the Application to forward data to Datacake you will need to add
integration. To add the Datacake integration, perform the following steps:
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Step 3: Create an account or log in Datacake.
Step 4: Search the LDDS45 and add DevEUI.
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After added, the sensor data arrive TTN V3, it will also arrive and show in Datacake.
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2.6 Frequency Plans
The LDDS45 uses OTAA mode and below frequency plans by default. If user want to use it with
different frequency plan, please refer the AT command sets.
2.6.1 EU863-870 (EU868)
Uplink:
868.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125 and SF7BW250
868.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
867.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
868.8 - FSK
Downlink:
Uplink channels 1-9 (RX1)
869.525 - SF9BW125 (RX2 downlink only)
2.6.2 US902-928(US915)
Used in USA, Canada and South America. Default use CHE=2
Uplink:
903.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.5 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.7 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
904.9 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.1 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
905.3 - SF7BW125 to SF10BW125
Downlink:
923.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
924.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.1 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
925.7 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.3 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
926.9 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
927.5 - SF7BW500 to SF12BW500
923.3 - SF12BW500(RX2 downlink only)
2.6.3 CN470-510 (CN470)
Used in China, Default use CHE=1
Uplink:
486.3 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.5 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.7 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
486.9 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
487.1 - SF7BW125 to SF12BW125
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