Econar GeoSource Invision 3 Q Series User manual

Installation
and
Operating Instructions
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GeoSource Invision3 - Dual Circuit Unit
Air Coil
Air Filter
Transformer
Controller
Reversing
Valves (2)
Expansion
Yalve#2
Scroll
Compressor #2
Variable
Speed
Blower
Contactors (2)
Expansion
Valve #1
Scroll
Compressor #1
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIntroduction to ECONAR HeatPumPs.....
II. GeoSource Invision3 Features
A. Domestic Hot Water 1OH$D Heating
1) StorageTanks
2) DHWPumP
3) Water QualitY
B. Variable SPeed Blower
C. Dual ComPressor OPeration
Unit Location/lVlounting . . .'
Duct System/Blower
Earth LooP Water PiPing
A. Closed LooP APPlications
B. OPen LooP APPlications
' 1) - Open Loop Freeze Protection Switch
2) Water Coil Maintenance
Unit Sizing
e. farti-I-oop Configuration and Design Water Temperatures
B. Building Heat LossAleat Gain
VIL Electrical Service
wJI. 24 Volt Control Circuit
A. Transformer
B. Thermostat
1) Wiring
2) Lights
C. Controller
1) Blower Operation and Speed Control
2) Earth LooP PumP Initiation
3) Compressor Operation for ls Stage Heat/Cool
4) TemPerature SamPling for DIIW
5) ComPressor OPeration for DHW
6) Compressor Operation for 2d Stage Heat/Cool
7) 4-WaY Valve Control
8) ComPressorl-ockouts
9) ComPressorAnti-Short-CYcle
10) SYstemDiagnostics
11) Overflow Detection
D. Additional Control OPtions
1) IncreasedDehumidification
2) External DHW Sensor
3) 2d Stage F/A PrioritY over DHW
4) Disabling the DHW Heating System
5) DHW Temperature LolHi JumPer
6) EconomY/ComfortMode
A. Filter
B. I-ockout Lights
C. Preseasonlnspection
Thermostat Operation
Troubleshooting Guide for Lockout Conditions
Troubleshooting Guide for Unit Operation
Additional Figures
Desuperheater (Optional) . . .
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4
5
6
9
III.
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10
10
IX.
x. Startup Service
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1

I. INTRODUCTION TO
ECONAR HEAT PUMPS
ECONAR Energy Systems, Corp. has been producing
geothermal heat pumps in Minnesota for over flfteen
years. The cold winter climate has driven the design of
ECONAR Energy System's heating and cooling
equipment to what is known as a "Cold Climate"
geothermal heat pump. This cold climate technology
focuses on maximizing the energy savings available in
heating dominated regions without sacrificing comfort.
Extremely efficient cooling, dehumidification and
optional domestic hot water heating are also provided in
one neatly packaged system.
Geothermal heat pumps get their name from the ffansfer
of heat to and from the earth. The earth coupled heat
exchanger (geothermal loop) supplies the source energy
for heating and absorbs the discharged energy from
cooling. The system uses a compression cycle, much like
your refrigerator, to collect the earth's energy supplied by
the sun and uses it to heat your home. Since ttte process
only moves heat and does not create it, the efficiencies are
three to four times higher than the most efficient fossil
fuel systems"
This guide discusses the GeoSource Invision3 series heat
pumps that are equipped with a dual compressor
configuration to supply multiple stages of heating, cooling
and hot water combinations" GeoSource Invision3 heat
pumps are specifically designed for domestic hot water
heating applications where a double walled, water cooled
condenser coil is used to safely heat all of a family's hot
water needs.
Safety and comfort are both inherent to, and designed into
ECONAR Energy System's geothermal heat pumps.
Since the system runs completely on electrical energy,
your entire home can have the safety of being gas free. "
The best engineering and quality control is built into
every ECONAR heat pump built. Proper application and
correct installation will assure excellent performance and
customer satisfaction.
ECONAR's commitment to quality is written on the side
of every heat pump we build. Throughout the building
process the technicians that build each unit sign their
names to the quality assurance label after completing their
inspections. As a fina1 quality test, every unit goes
through a fulI run test where the performance and
operation is verified in the heating, cooling, and hot
water modes. No other manufacturer goes as far as to run
a full performance check to assure system quality.
,6S IMPORTANT**
Service of refrigerant based equipment can be hazardous
due to system pressure and 23O volt electrical energy.
Only trained or qualified service personnel can install,
repair or service refrigerant equipment.
2
I Warning: Turn off the main switches before
performing service or maintenance to this unit. Electrical
shock can cause personal injury. The installer is
responsible to see that all local electrical, plumbing,
heating and air conditioning codes are followed.
II. GeoSource INVISION3
FEATURES
The GeoSource Invision3 is ECONAR's most advanced
geothermal heat pump. The design of this system took
into account issues such as environmental impact, power
supply efficiency, cold climate home construction, and
global energy trends. This unit offers unique and
innovative features to optimize the efficiency, comfort
and reliability of a home space conditioning system.
The GeoSource Invision3 is available in four
configurations:
2heat,l cool, I DHW standard capacity 2od stage -DHW
2heat, I cool, 1 DHW extra capacity 2oo stage -DWR
2heat,2 cool, standard 2od stage capacity -000
2heat,2coo1, standard 2"d stage capacity with
desuperheater -SUP
The frst two models take advantage of typical heating
and cooling cold climate load profiles. In cold climate
applications, more he-ating is required than cooling' The
GeoSource Invisionr provides two heating stages to meet
the higher heating load and one cooling stage. In heating
mode, the second stage is shared befween the building's
heating and the hot water heating needs. The second
stage in cooing then becomes available for domestic hot
water heating.
The hot water can be used exclusively for DHW needs or,
ifplumbed properly per local code, can be used to provide
radiant floor heating. The -DWR unit provides additional
heat to the 2'd stage ofheating. This additional heat is
beneficial to both forced air and hot water loads,
especially when radiant floor heating is part of the system"
The last two are forced air heating and cooling only where
one has a desuperheater and are best applied ia
applications requiring high cooling or dehumidification
capacities. The desuperheater provides supplemental hot
water in heating and cooling, tp to 65Vo of a homes
domestic hot water needs, and takes advantage offree
heat available whenever cooling is in operation.
A. Domestic Hot Water (DHW)
Heating
GeoSource Invision'heat pumps have the ability to heat i
1007o of a typical home's domestic hot water needs.
GeoSource Invisions units of the 2-Heatl1-CooU1-DHW
variety (-DHW and -DWR option) are connected directly
to an electric hot water heater and supply from 15,000 to
50,000 Bfiltu (4.4 ta 14.7 kwhr) of heat depending on
I

earth loop water temperatures. Typical electric hot water
heaters supply 16,720 Btu/hr (4.9 kwhr) of capacity.
The heat pump heats the DHW by circulating the water
from the storage tank through a double-walled,
refrigerant-to-water condenser coil. When the
temperature of the water in the storage tank drops below a
reset point of 113"F, a pump, built into the heat pump,
circulates the water and the number two compressor
starts. The compressor continues to run, heating the
DHW, until the water reaches 1l9oF. The DHW pump is
controlled to run continuously only when the compressor
is activated in DHW mode. This pump will also run for a
one minute sampling period every seven minutes to
continuously sample the tank's water temperature and
bring the compressor on at the correct times. The tank
temperature is controlled with a simple temperature
sensor mounted on a copper pipe inside the heat pump.
The minimum entering water temperature on the DHW
side (water in the storage tank) is 50oF. Startup on the
system with colder water will require restricting flow to
the unit until tank temperatures rise. A maximum DHW
tank temperature of 126oF is also specified to keep the
system from locking out on high head pressure. Figure 4
shows the required plumbing to connect the system.
Figure 5 shows an example of a plumbing circuit for a
-DWR unit that has enough capacity for both domestic
hot water and radiant floor heating. Figure 6 shows a
plumbing circuit for a -DWR unit that is sized to full
capacity for radiant floor heating. With this setup, the
-DWR unit can provide supplemental domestic hot water
to an additional water heater when the radiant floor is not
utilizing the full load. Reduced flow rates and increased
leaving water temperatures can lock the DHW circuit out
on rhe high pressure switch, so follow the plumbing
dia-eram closely.
of 30 gallons is required; normally a 50 to 80 gallon tank
would be used.
When installing a GeoSource Invision3 with the -DWR
option, use an indirectly fired water heater as a storage
tank (shown in Figures 5 and 6).
The electric elements can be left in and wired to provide
backup water heating ability, but be sure to leave the
circuit breaker off during normal operation, so that it does
not interfere with tank temperatures.
€Note: While all hot water tanks are insulated on the top
and sides, many do not have insulation on the bottom" An
insulated pad beneath uninsulated tanks will reduce
ener-qy loss to the floor.
Always check local codes to be sure hot water tanks can
be used for this purpose.
2. DHW Pump
The DHW pump transfers the energy supplied by the
GeoSource Invision'heat pump to the storage tank. This
pump is impedance protected and does not require
additional fusing. A two-amp inline fuse is supplied on
the pump for additional safety and for use as a shut off
switch.
This pump has been sized to provide the required flow to
the heat exchanger with a total system pressure drop of 2 1
feet ofhead. This pressure drop can be calculated from
the total pressure drop through *re piping, added to the
pressure drop of the heat pump of 15 feet of head. Figure
3 shows the pump curve of the DHW pump. The pump
can provide 8 GPM at 2l feetof head. Using one inch
copper pipe is critical to maintain the proper flow. The
remaining six feet of head is equivalent to 100 feet of one
inch type L copper tubing or a combination of straight
pipe and fittings. If extremely long distances separate the
heat pump and storage tank, or ifadditional pressure drop
cannot be avoided, a booster pump must be added to the
plumbing system. For the most efficient operation, locate
the heat pump and storage tank as close together as
possible and insulate all water piping.
A common problem with circulator pumps is trapped air
in the system. This air accumulates in the suction port of
the circulator pump, causing cavitation in the pump. The
cavitation can stop the flow of water and leadio
premature pump failure and noisy operation. The air can
be eliminated by completely purging the system or by
placing an air separator in the plumbing lines.
The entire system must be purged of air during initial
installation. Normal systems will operate on iater supply
pressure, which keeps air from reentering the system. If a
system is not working on water supply pressure, maintain
110 to 30 psi static pressure to keep air out of the loop.
Otherwise, corrosion, bacteria growth, or pump cavitation
may occur.
An operating temperature range for the earth loop side of
the heat pump is also specified as follows:
- 20"F (minimum for heating)
- 100"F (maximum for cooling)
- 80"F (maximum for -DHW and -DWR option)
These limits have been established based on efficiency
limitations and safety pressure switch limits (50_psi low_
pressure curout and 580 psi high-pressure cutout). DHW
operation is limited to 80nF because at this warm of a
source temperature, the heating capacity increases to the
point of overloading the water-cooled condenser, tripping
the system offon high head pressure.
eNote: After all plumbing and purging of the circuit
is complete; MOVE DIp SWITCH #4, Iocated on the
controller, to the ON position to initiate DHW
operation. Allowing the pump to run dry will damage
the circulating pump and overheat the motor.
1. Storage Tanks
Insulated electric hot water heaters are used for storage
tanks for the DHW circuit of the heat pump. A minimum
3

3. Water Quality
The water circulating through the DHW side of the
geothermal heat pump system is the transfer medium for
the heat being supplied to the storage tank. Ifpoor water
conditions exist on the site, buildup can accumulate inside
the condenser coil and restrict heat transfer. This reduces
the efficiency of the system and can cause the heat pump
to run at higher head pressures and lock out. Bacteria or
algae growth in the heat exchanger is a possibility,
especially bacteria or algae that thrive at the particular
temperatures produced in the heating system. DHW
condenser cleaning is similar to the cleaning techniques
discussed in the open loop section, except that freeze
cleaning is impossible.
B. Variable Speed Blower
A variable speed DC blower motor is used on the
GeoSource Invision3 series heat pump to keep the two-
stage operation of the system operating comfortably and
efficiently. These motors convert 230 Volt AC power to
DC power internally. The DC power can then be
modulated to turn the motor at a variety of speeds.
The blower's speed is modulated based on what the
thermostat is telling it. If the thermostat is asking for only
the FAN to operate, the blower will put out approximately
650 cubic feet per minute (CFM) of airflow. This low
CFM output will gently circulate air *roughout the
house, eliminating hot or cold spots, and actually reduce
the need for mechanical heating or cooling at certain
times of the year. The DC blower can supply this
minimal CFM output with a very low electrical usage.
When the thermostat asks for frst stage heating or
cooling, the fan speed must increase to its medium speed
setting. When the thermostat asks for second stage
heating or cooling, it will bring the fan speed up to high
speed. The air coil has a minimum CFM requirement to
operate properly based on the number of compressors
running at any given time. With one compressor running,
the medium speed setting must supply enough airflow.
With both compressors running, the high-speed setting is
required. The fan speeds of the GeoSource Invisionr
heat pumps are factory set to provide the highest
efficiency at each stage ofoperation.
The controller provides a total of l2 fan speed set points.
There are four selectable CFM outputs in each of the three
fan speed ranges (Low, Med., and High). These fan
speeds can be adjusted slightly from their factory setpoint
to optimize the comfort and efficiency level for each
particular installation. The blower motor also provides
internal circuitry that will fty to maintain the setpoint
CFM when changes occur in the external static pressure,
such as the filter getting dirty over time. The motor does
this by increasing its torque output to compensate for
external resistance changes.
The blower is also programmed to provide soft starting to
reduce air noise, delays after compressor shutdown to
distribute all the heat oulput from the compressor to the
heated space, and ramped speed changes. All these
features are designed for quiet, comfortable, efficient
operation.
C. Dual Compressor Operation
The GeoSource Invision3 heat pump uses two Copeland
ScrollrM compressors, each with their own totally
independent R-410a refrigeration circuit, to supply these
very important operating features :
1) Balanced compressor runtime is achieved by
using compressor #1 for frst stage heating and
cooling (which handles the majority of the
building load) and compressor #2 for second
stage heating and either second stage cooling or
full-time domestic hot water heating
2) The ability to heat hot water without interrupting
the flrst stage heating and cooling process.
3) Inherent heating backup. If the frst stage
heating circuit is down for service the second
stage heating circuit is still operational.
4) Extended runtimes without intemrptions to
maintain the highest comfort possible.
5) High heating output and moderate cooling output
with staged capacity to precisely fit the heating
and cooling loads of homes in cold climates.
6) Allows for the use of Copeland ScrollrM
compressors in a multistage geothermal heat
pump system.
7) Facilitates zoning of airflow. With only one air
zone operating, the unit's total capaciry can be
reduced to match the load.
III. UNIT LOCATION/
MOUNTING
Locate the unit in an indoor area where the ambient
temperature will remain above 45oF. Servicing of the
heat pump is done primarily from the front. Rear access
is desirable and should be provided when possible. A
field installed drain pan is required under the entire unit
where accidental water dischar_ee could damage
surrounding floors, walls or ceilings.
VCAUTION - Oo not tip units on their side during
transportation or installation, or severe internal damage
may occur.
4
I
The built in DHW pump can be removed by loosening the
two Allen screws connecting the motor to the pump
housing. A magnetically driven rotor snaps onto the
motor spindle and can be replaced or cleaned easily.
Noisy pump operation may indicate a dirty or worn rotor.
Poor water quality may require scheduled pump and
circuit cleaning. Always shut power to the heat pump off
before servicing.
I

Units must be mounted on a vibration-absorbing pad
slightly larger than the base to provide isolation between
the unit and the floor. Water supply pumps should not be
hard plumbed directly to the unit with copper pipe; this
could transfer vibration from the water pump to the
refrigeration circuit causing a resonating sound. Hard
plumbing could also transfer vibration noise from the unit
through the piping to the living space.
Condensate traps are built into every GeoSource
lnvision3 heat pump, so an extemal trap should not be
installed. The unit should be mounted level, so that
condensate will properly drain. The condensate line
should be pitched away from the unit a minimum of 1/8"
per foot. If the unit produces an odor in the cooling
mode, the condensate trap or line may be plugged, or the
unit may not be leveled properly. Bleach may be poured
down the condensate drain in the heat pump to kill any
bacterial growth in the condensate line.
IV. DUCT SYSTEM/BLOWER
For the duct system, metal ductwork should be used.
Flexible connectors are required for discharge and return
air duct connections on a metal duct system. For
acceptable duct sizes, see Table 1.
Ifthe duct system is installed in an uninsulated space, the
metal ductwork should be insulated on the outside to
prevent heat loss, absorb noise, and prevent condensation
from collecting on the ductwork.
e'Note: Keep all doors and screws installed on unit
while moving unit and installing ductwork. This will help
ensure that the unit stays square, allowing for easier
removal of doors after the ductwork is attached. If the unit is connected to existing ductworh this
ductwork must have the capacity to handle the air volume
required by the heat pump. Undersized ductwork will
cause noisy operation and poor operating efficiencies due
to lack of airflow.
VCAUTION - Before driving screws inro the cabiner,
check on the inside of the unit to be sure the screw will
not hit electrical or refrigeration lines.
The GeoSource Invision3 heat pumps use a variable
speed DC blower motor. This motor has three speed
settings; low, medium, and high, each with four air output
selections. These settings and outputs are shown in the
electrical diagrams in Figures 7 and 8. The blower motor
will try and maintain these outputs even as external static
pressure increases.
eNote: The blower will not operate properly if
ductwork is not attached. The ductwork supplies static
pressure to give the blower motor a load to work against.
Blower motors may overheat without a load if run for an
extended period of time.
Table 1- Duct Chart
Tables calculated for 0.05 to 0. 10 inches of water friction per 100' of duct. At these duct design conditions, along with the
pressure drop through the filter, the total design external static pressure is 0.20 inches of water.
5
50 4 4x4
54x5,4x6
100 6" 4x8,4x6
7" 4x10.5x8,6x6
200 8', -5x10,6x8, 4x14,7x7
9', 6x10, 8x8,4x16
10" 6x14,8x10,7x12
350 10" 6x20,6x16,9x10
t2 6x18, 10x10,9x12 10" 4x20, 6xl 8x9
450 12 6x20,8x14,9x12, 10x1 110. 16,9x 8xl2
s00 10" 6x78,8x12,7x14
I 0x1
r2" 8x1 10x12
6x20,
800 12" 8xl 9x15,10x14,12x1
14 10x18, 12x14,8x24
16
1400 t6' 10x25, I14x18, 15x16
I600 18" 10x30,15xl 14x20
r800 20"
2000 20. 15x25,18x20
1
22{tO 22 10x45, 15x28, 18x22, 2OxZO
rreptalle Maia or ?ruak Iluct Size
Cr.M Rs:rad Rrctandar Round tectaryrilar
75
150
2s0
300
400
600
1000
u,Ao _10x20, 12x18, 14x15
8,
1 0x35, 15x20, 16x19, t2x3o, t4x5

V. EARTH LOOP WATER
PIPING
Since water is the source of energy in the wintertime and
the energy sink in the summertime, good water supply is
possibly the most important requirement of a geothermal
heat pump system installation. There are two common
tlpes of water supplies, closed loop systems and open
loop systems.
A. Closed Loop Applications
A closed loop system recirculates the same
water/antifreeze solution through a closed system of
underground high-density polyethylene pipe. As the
solution passes through the pipe, it collects heat (in the
heating mode) that is being transferred from the relatively
warm surrounding soil through the pipe and into the
relatively cold solution. The solution is circulated to the
heat pump, which pulls heat out of the solution, and then
back through the ground to extract more heat from the
earth.
The GeoSource Invision3 is designed to operate on either
vertical or horizontal closed loop applications' Vertical
loops are rypically installed with a well drilling rig up to
200 feet deep or more. Horizontal systems are typically
installed with excavating or ffenching equipment
approximately six to eight feet deep, depending on
geographic location and length of pipe used. Earth loops
must be sized properly for each particular geographic
TOIFROM
CLOSED LOOP
area, soil type, and individual capacity requirements.
tContact your local installer or ECONAR's Customer
Support for loop sizing requirements in your a"rea.
Since normal wintertime operating entering water
temperatures (EWT) to the heat pump are from 25oF to
32'F,the solution in the earth loop must include
antifreeze. GTF and propylene glycol are common
antifreeze solutions. GTF is methanol-based antifreeze,
which should be mixed 50Vo with water to achieve freeze
protection of 10oF. Propylene glycol antifreeze solution
should be mtxed25Vo with water to obtain a 15oF freeze
protection. DO NOT mix more than25%o propylene
glycol with water in an attempt to achieve a lower than
15oF freeze protection, since more concentrated mixtures
ofpropylene glycol become too viscous at low
temperatures and cannot be pumped through the earth
loop. Insufficient amounts of antifreeze may result in a
freeze rupture of *re unit, and can cause unit shutdown
problems during cold weather operation (when the heat
pump experiences the longest run time) due to loop
temperatures falling below the freeze protection of the
anifreeze.
Flow rate requirements for closed loops are higher than
open loop systems because water temperatures supplied to
the heat pump are generally lower (see Table 2). From
2.5 to 3.0 gallons per minute (GPM) per ton are required
for proper operation of the heat pump and the earth
coupled heat exchanger.
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Figure L - Closed Loop Water Plumbing
6
IN
OUT
PmPPAK hsree/
Taperahre
(P/T) Ports
lt
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Table 2 -Side Flow Rates
Pressure/Temperature (P/T) ports should be installed in
the entering and leaving water lines of the heat pump on a
closed loop system (see Figure 1). A thermometer can be
inserted into the P/T ports to check entering and leaving
water temperatures. A pressure gauge can also be
inserted into these P/T ports to determine the pressure
differential between the entering and leaving water. This
pressure differential can then be compared to the
specification data on each particular heat pump to
determine the flow rate of the system.
A PumpPAKrM that is individually sized for each
application can supply pumping requirements for the
earth loop fluid. The PumpPAKrM can also be used to
purge the loop system. The PumpPAKrM is wired directly
to a three pole terminal strip in the domestic hot water (-
DHW and -DWR) heat pump and is energized by a relay
each time either compressor runs (see Electrical Diagram
- Figure 7). The PumpPAKrM is wired directly to the
contactor of standard (-000) and supplemental (-SUP)
units, and operates whenever the lead compressor runs
(see Electrical Diagram - Figure 8). If you wish to wire
the PumpPAKrM to a relay instead of the contactor, wire
the relay to plug #2 (P2) on the controller in order to
energize the relay. If a PumpPAKrM is not used, a
separate pump can be used which is energized with a
pump relay (note: electrical code will require a fused
disconnect for pumps other than PumpPAKsrM).
Filling and purging a closed loop system are very
important steps to assure proper heat pump operation.
Each loop must be purged with enough water flow to
assure a two feet per second flow rate in each circuit on
the loop. This normally requires a 7Yz to 3 HP high head
pump to circulate fluid through the loop to remove all the
air out of the Ioop and into a purging tank. Allow the
pump to run 10 to 15 minutes after the lasr air bubbles
have been removed. Enough antifreeze must be added to
give a 10oF to 15"F freeze protection to the earth loop
system. This amount should be calculated and added to
the loop after purging is complete. After antifreeze has
been installed it should be measured with a hydrometer,
refractometer or any other device to determine the actual
freezing point of the solution. Remember that a low
antifreeze level will lock the heat pump out on low
pressure during wintertime operation.
The purge pump can be used to pressurize the system to
an initial static pressure of 30-40 psi. Make sure the
system is at this pressure after the loop pipe has had
enough time to stretch. In order to achieve the 30 to 40
psi initial pressure, the loop may need to be pressurized to
60 to 65 psi. This static pressure will fluctuate from
heating to cooling season, but the pressure should always
remain above zero so circulation pumps do not cavitate
and air cannot be pulled into the system. SFor
information regarding earth loop installations contact your
local installer, distributor or factory representative.
B. Open Loop Applications
An open system gets its name from the open discharge of
water after it has been used by the heat pump. A well
must be available that can supply all of the water
requirements (see Table 2) of the heat pump along with
any other water requtements drawing off that same well'
The well must be capable of supplying the heat pump's
required flow rate for up to 24 hours per day on the
coldest winter day.
Figure 2 shows the necessary components for water
piping of an open system. First, a bladder type pressure
tank with a "draw down" of at least lYz times the well
pump capacity must be installed on the supply side of the
heat pump. Shut off valves and boiler drains on the
entering and leaving water lines are necessary for future
maintenance issues. A screen strainer is placed on the
supply line with a mesh size of 40 or 60 and enough
surface area to allow for particle buildup between
cleanings.
Pressure/Temperature (P/T) ports are placed in the supply
and discharge lines so that thermometers or pressure
gauges can be inserted into the water stream.
On the well water discharge side of the heat pump, a flow
control valve must be mounted next to the heat pump to
regulate the maximum water flow through the unit. A
solenoid valve is then installed and wired to plug #2 (P2)
on the controller of the heat pump. This valve will open
when the unit is running and close when the unit stops. A
visual flow meter is then installed to allow visual
inspection of the flow requirements. The flow meter can
also be useful in determining when maintenance is
required (if you can't read the flow, cleaning is required,
see Water Coil Maintenance).
Schedule 40 PVC piping, copper tubing, polyethylene or
rubber hose can be used for supply and discharge water
lines. Make sure line sizes are large enough to supply the
required flow with a reasonable pressure drop (generally
1" diameter minimum). qNote: Do not use plastic
female fittings with metal male fittings, or fractures may
result in the female fittings. Always use plastic male into
steel female!
7
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11 4.6
Q14kW4T-000, slt pHxL 3.4
l3 6.3 9
Q14kW4T-DWR 3.4
13 6.3 9
Q16kW5T-000, suP, DHw 4.0
t4 7.1 10
Ql6kwsT-DWR 3.8
t4 6.8 l0
Q18kW6T-000, SUP, DHW 1.6 l1 4.4
15
dP'
{asE}
dP
(psi) Flor
{spm)
FIow
(sm)
Mcd&l
Q18kW6T-DWR

)
Shrtoff
Valvo
ShaiM
Visual
Flow
Met6
8oi1a
Drais
!rcm
Expmiu
Tstrk IN
OUT
So1mid
Valve F'low
Corlrol
Valve Prwre/
T@ptratlre
(P1I) P6ts
<\_\
Dis{hsgF r\
Figure 2 - Open Loop Water Plumbing
Water discharge is generally made to a drain field, stream,
pond, surface discharge, tile line, or storrn sewer'
9CAUTION: Using a drain field requires soil
conditions and adequate sizing to assure rapid percolation,
or the required flow rates will not be achieved. Consult
local codes and ordinances to assure compliance. E
pf discharge water to a septic system.
The heat pump should never be operated with flow rates
less than specified. Low flow rates or no flow may result
in freezing water in the water to refrigerant heat
exchanger. This will cause the unit to shut down on low-
pressure lockout. If the unit locks out, verify that the unit
has the required flow and reset the unit by shutting off
power to the unit for one minute. VENO:I continually
reset the unit; if the unit locks out more than once call
your service professional. EContinued reset of the unit
cafifreeze water inside the water coil to the point of
rupturing the water coil.
1. Open Loop Freeze Protection Switch
Heat pump installations on open loop systems, using a
non-antifreeze protected water source during the heating
mode, IrolE the use of freeze protection switches. If
the water supply to the heat pump is intemrpted for any
reason, continued operation of the compressor would
cause the water remaining in the water-to-refrigerant heat
exchanger to freeze and rupture the heat exchanger.
The freeze protection switch (ECONAR Part #75'1045)
will shut the unit down before freezing can occur and
8
protect the heat pump against loss of flow. Two freeze
protection switches must be field installed on open loop
GeoSource Invision'heat pumps before the warranty can
be registered on the heat pump. They mount on the
compressor's suction lines and are wired to terminals on
the controller (from X to FPI and X to FP2 respectively).
After the freeze protectio! switches are installed. the J2
and -I-t iumoers must be removed from the controller to
activate the switches. These low pressure switches now
lock the unit off at 65 psi pressure in the heating mode"
2. Water Coil Maintenance
Water quality is a major concern for open systems.
Problems can occur from scaling, particle buildup,
suspended solids, corrosion, pH levels outside theT-9
range, or biological growth. If poor water quality is
known to exist in your area, installing a closed loop
system may be the best alternative. Water coil cleaning
on an open loop system may be necessary on a regular
basis. Depending on the specific water quality issue, the
water coils can be cleaned by the following methods:
a- Freeze Cleaning (Scale deposits, particle
buildup)
I. Before using the freeze cleaning procedure, verify that
it needs to be done. Answer the following questions to
determine if servicing is required.
1. Determine and verify that the required water flow
rate in GPM is both present and correct.
2. Determine the temperature differential of the
water. Under normal conditions, there should be a

temperature difference of about 1 0- I 5 degrees
between the supply side and discharge side. Ifthe
temperature difference is 8 degrees or less,
consideration should then be given to cleaning the
water coil heat exchanger.
II. If cleaning of the water coil is indicated, please
carefully follow the steps listed below to utilize the freeze
cleaning method.
1. Turn off the heat pump and its water supply.
2. Open a plumbing connection on the water supply
side, ifpossible, to break the system vacuum and
allow easier drainage of the system and water coil.
3. Drain the water out of the system and water coil
via the boiler drains on the entering and leaving
water lines, and the drain on the heat exchanger.
SWARNING!! 9 FAILURE TO COMPLETELY
DRAIN THE WATER COIL HEAT EXCHANGER
COULD POSSIBLY RESULT IN A FREEZE
RUPTURE!
4. Set the thermostat to "Heat" to start the heat pump
in the heating mode and quickly freeze the coil.
5" Allow the heat pump to run until it automatically
shuts off on low pressure and then turn the
thermostat to the "Off'position.
6. Recap the water drain and tighten any plumbing
connections that may have been loosened.
7. If so equipped, open the field installed drain cock
on the water discharge side of the heat pump, and
install a short piece of rubber hose to allow
drainage into a drain or bucket. A drain cock on
the discharge side allows the water flow to bypass
the solenoid valve, flow valve, flow meter, or any
other item that may be clogged by mineral debris,
Drainage to a bucket helps prevent the clogging of
drains and allows you to visually determine the
effectiveness of the procedure.
8. Turn on the water supply to the heat pump in order
to start the process offlushing any mineral debris
from the unit.
9. Set the thermostat to "Cool" and start the heat
pump in the cooling mode to quickly thaw out the
water coil.
10. Run the heat pump until the water coil is
completely thawed out and any loosened scale,
mineral deposits, or other debris buildup is flushed
completely from the water coil. Allow at least 5
minutes of operation to ensure that the water coil
is thoroughly rhawed out.
1 1. If the water still contains mineral debris, and if the
flow through the unit did not improve along with
an increase in the temperature difference between
the water supply and discharge, repeat the enrire
procedure listed above.
12. Reset the heat pump for normal operation.
b. Chlorine Cleaning (Bacterial Growth)
1. Turn the thermostat to the "OIf' position.
2. Connect a submersible circulating pump to the
hose bibs on the entering and leaving water sides
of the heat exchanger.
3. Submerse the pump in a hve-gallon pail of water
and chlorine bleach mixture. The chlorine should
be strong enough to kill the bacteria. Suggested
initial mixture is I part chlorine bleach to 4 parts
water.
4. Close the shut off valves upstream and
downstream of the heat exchanger.
5. Open the hose bibs to allow circulation of the
bleach solution.
6. Start the pump and circulate the solution through
the heat exchanger for 15 minutes to one hour.
The solution should change color to indicate the
chlorine is killing the bacteria and removing it
from the heat exchanger.
7. Flush the used solution down a drain by adding a
fresh water supply to the pail. Flush until the
leaving water is clear.
8. Repeat this procedure until the solution runs clear
through the chlorine circulation process.
9. Flush the entire heat pump system with water.
This procedure can be repeated annually, semiannually, or
as often as it takes to keep bacteria out of the heat
exchangers, or when bacteria appears in a visual
flowmeter to the point the flow cannot be read.
Another alternative to bacteria problems is to shock your
entire well. Shocking your well may give longer term
relieffrom bacteria problems than cleaning your heat
exchanger, but will probably need to be repeated, possibly
every three to five years. tContact a well driller in your
area for more information.
c. Miratic Acid Cleaning (Difficult Scaling
and Particle Buildup Problems)
l. Consult installer due to dangerous nature of acids.
2. Iron out solutions and de-scaling products are also
useful.
VT. UNIT SIZING
Selecting the unit capacity of a geothermal heat pump
requires two things:
A) Earth Loop Configuration and Design Water
Temperatures.
B) Building Heat Loss/Ileat Gain.
A. Loop Configuration and Design
Water Temperatures
l,oop conhgurations include the open and closed loop
varieties. Heat pump capacity and flow rate requirements
vary depending on loop configuration (see Table 2).
9

1. Closed Loop Systems
Closed loop systems use a heat exchanger of high density
polyethylene pipe buried underground to supply a
tempered water solution back to the heat pump. Closed
loops operate at higher flow rates than open loops since
the entering water temperature (EWT) is lower. The loop
EWT supplied to the heat pump has a great effect on the
capacity of the unit in the heating mode. Earth loops in
cold climates are normally sized to supply a wintertime
EWT to the heat pump from 32oF down to 25oF, which
minimizes the installation cost of the earth loop and still
maintains proper system operation. The unit GPM
requirements and pressure drops for loop pump sizing is
available in Table 2.
Due to the effect of loop water temperature on heating
capacity in the domestic hot water (-DHW and -DWR)
modes, a loop temperature restriction is applied to these
DHW applications. If earth loop temperatures exceed
80oF, the DHW compressor's capacity will increase to the
point of overloading the DHW condenser coil. This will
result in high-pressure lockout of the DHW mode. If heat
pump installations are expected to reach the 80oF earth
loop temperature mark, extra consideration will have to
be given to lowering the head pressure by reducing earth
loop flow, increasing earth loop length, increasing DHW
loop flow, or reducing DHW output temperature.
When selecting the heat pump, choose a unit that will
supply the necessary heating or cooling capacity at the
minimum and maximum earth loop temperature
conditions respectively. Example; if a residential system
requires 60,000 Btu/tr to heat a house on an earth loop
system (designed for 32oF minimum wintertime EWT),
and 40,000 Ba/tr to cool the house on an earth loop
(designed for 70oF summertime EV/T), a Qi8kW6T
GeoSource Invisionr heat pump is required.
2.Open Loop Systems
On an open loop system the design water temperature will
be the well water temporature in your geogmphic region.
Many cold climates are in the 50oF range for well water
temperature. Flow rate requirements (in GPM) and unit
water-side pressure drops (in PSI) at 50oF EWI are
available in Table 2. If your well water temperatures are
lower than 50oF, for instance Canadian well water can be
as low as 43oF, the flow rate must be increased to avoid
leaving water temperatures below the freezing point. If
well water temperatures are above 50oF, as in some
southem states where well water temperatures are above
70oF, the flow rates may need to be increased to dump
heat more efficiently in the cooling mode.
Varying well water temperatures will have little effect on
unit capacity in the cooling mode (since the well is
connected to the heat pump condenser), but can have
large effects on the capacity in the heating mode (since
the well is connected to the evaporator). If well water
temperatures are to exceed 70oF, special considerations,
such as closed loop systems, should be addressed'
10
B. Building Heat Loss/fleat Gain
The space load must be estimated accurately for any
successful HVAC installation. There are many guides or
computer programs available for load estimation
includhg fte ECONAR GeoSource Heat Pump
Handbook, Manual J, and others. After the heat loss/heat
gain is completed and loop EWT are established, the heat
pump can now be selected using the specifications data.
Choose the capacity of the heat pump based on both
heating and cooling load.
VII. ELECTRICAL SERVICE
The main electrical service must be protected by a fuse or
circuit breaker, and be capable of providing the amperes
required by the unit at nameplate voltage. All wiring
shall comply with the national electrical code and/or any
local codes that may apply. Access to the line voltage
contactor is gained through the knockouts provided on
either side of the heat pump next to the front corner.
Route EMT or flexible conduit with appropriate 3-
conductor wire to the contactor.
9WARNING - The unit must be nroperlv erounded!9
When supplying power to external water pumps with the
heat pump's power supply, use only impedance protected
motors. ECONAR PumpPAKsrM can be wired directly to
the contactor in the electrical box. The relay will energize
the PumpPAKrM with a call for heating or cooling. The
use of impedance protected pumps eliminates the need for
additional fusing on the PumpPAKrM.
VIII.}4YOLT CONTROL
CIRCUIT
The wiring diagrams in Figures 7 and 8 show the low
voltage controls of the heat pump. This section will break
down the three basic components of the low voltage
circuit; transformer, thermostat, and controller.
A. Transformer
Electrical diagrams are provided in Figures 7 and 8, and
on the electrical box cover panel of the heat pump. An
internal 24-volt,75 VA transformer is provided to operate
all control features of the heat pump. Even though these
ffansformers are larger than the industry standard 40 VA
ffansformer, they can still be overloaded quickly when
using it for control equipment like zone valves. Table 3
shows the transformer usage for GeoSource Invision3
heat pumps.
If any system's extemal controls require more than the
VA available for external use from the transformer, a
separate transformer must be used. The heat pump's
transformer can generally power simple external control

systems consisting of a few relays or a zone valve
it"p""ai"g, of course, on the VA draw of the
"o*por"ritl. On more complicated control systems the
,.*rf**ot capacity is used up very quickly'
eNote: For units operating on 208V electrical service'
tfr" t *tto."r"r mustte switched to the correct lead (see
;i;#"J diagram - Figures 7 and 8)' Units are factory
rfrlrp"a with-the transformer set for 240V service'
o*iuti"e a unit on 208V with the transformer set to
,i0v *il cause the unit to operate with lower than
normal control voltage.
the O terminal, which operates the 4-way reversing valve'
ii" wi,"""inal energizes third stage heating if present'
The L terminal in connected to L on the thermostat' An
"JJirmrr three-wire cable is required to connect the
supplied outdoor temperature sensor to the RS terminals
on the thermostat
2. Lights
io indlcate when the heat pump is in third stage heating
fe.g. optionat electric resistance heat)' install a jumper
U"i*""n W3 and X1 on the supplied thermostat' When
it " ""i, is running in third stage, the left light on the
bottom of the thermostat will be lit'
The L terminal on the heat pump, wired to the L terminal
or afr" rfr".*ostat, will light the right "lockouf'light;
lrrai"atittg the controller is in lockout mode' If one
;iG"# circuit is locked out, the thermostat light will
Liiot'. rf mrf, circuits are locked out, the ttrermostat light
will be lit solid.
Table 3 -U
B. Thermostat
A 3-heat42-cool thermostat, ECONAR part number
7O-2Olg,is required for proper operation of GeoSource
Invision3 heat pumps. This thermostat controls frst and
second stage operation of the forced air portion of the heat
pump. Initiation of each stage is implemented based on
the ricovery rate of the actual temperature to the set point
temperature. This means that switching to a higher stage
wilfrequire time (sometimes 15 minutes or more) for the
thermostat to calculate rate of change. Consult the
instructions in the thermostat box for proper mounting
and operation. Be careful to select a thermostat location
where external temperature sources will not affect sensed
temperature.
V C,q.UffON- miswiring of control voltage on system
controls can result in fuse or transformer burnout.
eNote: If a single thermostat controls multiple heat
pumps, the control wiring of the heat pumps must be
isolated from each other. This will prevent the heat
pumps from receiving high voltage through the common
wiring if it is tumed off at the circuit breaker for service.
L. Wiring
Eight-wire thermostat cable must be run from the heat
purnp to the thermostat. Power is supplied to the
thermostat by connecting the R and X (C) terminals to the
heat pump terminal strip. The G terminal from the
thermostat initiates the blower's sequences. The Y1
terminal energizes the frst stage operation and the Y2
terminal energizes the second stage operation. The unit is
put into the cooling mode when the thermostat energizes
C. Controller
The controller receives a signal from the thermostat and
initiates the correct sequence of operations for the heat
pump. The controller performs the following functions:
- ll Blower Operation and Speed Control
2) Earth LooP PumP Initiation
3i Compressor Operation for 1't Stage Heat/Cool
4) Temperature SamPling for DHW
5) ComPressor OPeration for DHW
6i Compressor Operation for 2'd Stage Heat/Cool
7) 4-Way Valve Control
8) ComPressorLockouts
9) Compressor Anti-Short-CYcle
l0) System Diagnostics
11) Overflow Detection
1. Blower Operation and Speed Control
A signal on the G terminal from the thermostat to the
controller will tell the conffoller to energize the blower.
The controller then energizes its M7 output to send
control voltage directly to the blower motor. An M7
output puts the motor in low speed operation. If the
thermostat sends a G and Yl signal to the controller for
1't stage operation, the controller bumps the blower speed
up to Medium by energizing its M8 output. When the
thermostat sends a G, Yl and Y2 signal to the controller
for 2nd stage operation, the controller bumps the blower
speed to High by energizing the M9 output. These system
con{igurations are tabled on the electrical diagrams
(Figures 7 and 8).
To change blower speeds, move the pin jumper from its
existing location to the new location with needle nose
pliers. You must keep the jumper within its original
grouping (High, Med., or Low). Not all airflow levels
will work for all units, although moving one airflow level
up or down should not cause problems. Changing the
speed too far from the factory setting can cause problems
2x7=I4
2
2*7=1.4
21*1 7=) 6
2
0
02*4=8
2
2*4=8
21
1
2
1
1
1
1
I12
Iz
16
6
135.6
33 39.4
42
11
*5$ed *Hffil
Contactor
4-Way Valve
Controller
Thermostat
Blower Motor
Elec. Heat RelaY (oPt.)
Total
Available

with output air temperature or reduced airflow, locking
out the unit.
2. Farth Loop Pump Initiation
On units with a domestic hot water heating option (-DHW
and -DWR), a control signal is sent to the loop pump
relay to energtze the high voltage three pole terminal strip
to supply 230-volt power and bring the loop pump on.
The loop pump is energized two seconds before either one
of the compressors come on.
cNote: Be sure the loop pump is wired to the 3-pole
terminal strip on DHW units and not directly to a
contactor, or the DHW operation will not energize the
loop pump. The loop pump output is also direct wired to
Plug#2 (P2) to open a solenoid water valve on well water
applications.
On standard 2-Heatl2-Cool (-000 and -SUP) units the
earth loop pump should be wired directly to the contactor
of the l't stage compressor. On open loop systems, a
water valve should still be wired to Plug #2 alrtdthe
corresponding indicator light will be lit whenever Plug #2
is energized. If you wish to wire the earth loop pump to a
relay instead of the contactor, wiring it to Plug #2 on the
controller can energize the relay.
3. Compressor Operation for 1't Stage
Heat/Cool
A Y1 signal from the thermostat will ask the controller to
initiate I't stage heating or cooling. The controller then
decides, based on lockout and anti-short-cycle periods,
when to bring compressor #1 on. The corresponding
output of the controller energizes the 1" stage heating and
cooling compressor. This compressor stays on until Yl
(or l't stage) on the thermostat is satisfied.
4. Temperature Sampling for DHW
On units with domestic hot water heating, the temperature
of the water in the hot water tank is sampled every seven
minutes. This sampling is done by energizing the DHW
pump for a one-minute period with the M6 output of the
controller. This pump circulates water through the heat
pump and warlns a temperature sensor mountgd on the
intemal copper pipe. At the end of this one-minute period
the DHW sensor samples the temperature of the pipe and
circulated fluid and energizes the compressor if the water
temperature is below the reset point.
5. Compressor Operation for DHW
On units with domestic hot water heating, compressor #2
is energized by the M2 output of the confroller. This
output is energized to heat domestic hot water whenever
the water in the water heater drops below the reset
temperafire during the water sampling sequence. This
compressor remains running until the hot water
temperature reaches its shutoff temperature. Operation
of this compressor in DHW mode will override the 2'd
stage forced air heating mode if it is rururing. An anti-
12
short-cycle period will intemrpt the compressor's
operation whenever it switches modes.
6. Compressor Operation for 2"d Stage
HeaUCool
A Y2 signal from the thermostat will ask the controller to
initiate compressor #2. The controller then decides, based
on lockout, anti-short-cycle periods and priorities, when
to bring compressor #2 on in forced air heating or
cooling. The M2 output of the confroller energizes the
2nd stage compressor.
Units equipped with the -DHW or -DWR option are
factory preset for DHW priority over second stage
heating. Therefore, fhey must wait for the water heating
mode to satisfy before going to second stage forced air
heating. This normally satisfies quickly and does not
interfere with heating comfort. The priority may be
changed by moving Dip Switch #3 on the controller to the
OFF position. Second stage heating now has priority over
domestic water heating.
AY2 call from the thermostat in the cooling mode on
-DHW or -DWR units will not bring compressor #2 on
but will increase the fan speed to high.
7. 4-Way Valve Control
The controller energizes both 4-way reversing valves to
direct the flow of refrigerant in the following instances;
1. When the thermostat calls for cooling on the O
terminal, the confroller energizes its M3 output
to send control power to VR1 to switch
compressor #1 to the cooling mode.
2. When the thermostat calls for 2'd stage heating
on -DIfW and -DWR units, the controller
energizes its M4 output to send control power
to the VR2 solenoid coil to switch compressor
l*2 from DHW to forced air heating mode.
This occurs when DHW is satisfied (DHW is
factory preset for priority over second stage
heating).
3. When the thermostat calls for 2od stage cooling
on2-Heat/2-Cool units, VR2 will be in the
cooling position.
8. Compressor Lockouts
A compressor lockout occurs ifthe high-pressure, low
pressure (in all modes except cooling), or freeze
protection pressure switches open. The controller blocks
the signal from the thermostat to the contactor that
normally would energize the compressor. In the event of a
compressor lockout, the controller will send a signal from
L on the terminal strip to an LED on the thermostat to
indicate a lockout condition. This lockout condition
means that the unit has shut down to protect itself, and
will not come back on until power has been disconnected
(via the circuit breaker) to the heat pump for one minute.
Problems that could cause a lockout situation include:
1. Water flow or temperature problems

2. Air flow or temperature Problems
3.Internal heat pump operation problems
4. Cold ambient air temperature conditions
flIf a lockout condition exists, the heat pump should not
be reset more than once; a service technician should be
called immediately. VThe cause of the lockout must be
determined. Repeated reset may cause damage to the
system.
9. Compressor Anti-Short-CYcle
An antislort-cycle is a delay period between the time a
compressor shuts down and when that compressor is
allowed to come on again. This protects the compressor
and avoids nuisance lockout conditions' Anti-short-
cycles occur after these three conditions;
1. A 30 second to one minute time-out period occurs
on a compressor before it will start after its last
shutdown.
2. A four minute 35 second delay is incorporated into
the timing function immediately after power is
applied to the heat pump' This occurs only after
reapplying power to the unit' To avoid this
timeout while servicing the unit, apply power,
disconnect and reapply power very quickly' This
can sometimes eliminate the waiting period'
3" A four-minute anti-short-cycle will occur after a
low-pressure switch opens in the cooling mode'
This is done to eliminate nuisance lockout
conditions. tlf the compressor contiluously
short cycles in the cooling mode, shut the
thermostat off and call your service technician.
10. System Diagnostics
The conffoller is equipped with diagnostic LED lights that
indicate the system status at any particular time. The
lights indicate the following conditions:
l.24Yoltsystempower GREEN
2. Faultorlockout RED
3. Condensate overflow RED
4. Anti-short-cycle mode RED
5. Forced air compressor operation RED
6. DHW operation RED
7. Pressure switch status on lockout YELLOW
8. Controller outputs (M1 through M10) RED
1L. Overflow Detection
An overflow detection sensor is standard on the
GeoSource Invision3. This sensor is located in the drain
pan, and monitors the amount of water accumulated in the
pan. If the condensate drain becomes clogged or khked,
and the unit is not draining water, the sensor will shut the
heat pump off for an anti-short-cycle period of
approximately 3 minutes and 35 seconds. After this time,
the heat pump will start again if the condsnsate has
drained. If the water is still present, the unit will go
through anti-short-cycles until the condensate has drained.
This protection switch keeps the condensate from
overflowing the drain pan and possibly leaking onto the
floor or ceiling.
D. Additional Control OPtions
In addition to the conffoller features listed above some
additional options have been incorporated into the
GeoSource^Invisions heat pump. Additional control
options offered on the controller include;
1) Increaseddehumidification
2) Extemal DHW Sensor
3) 2nd stage forced air priority over DHW
4) Disabling the DHW heating system
5) DHW TemPerature LolHi JumPer
6) EconomY/ComfortMode
1. Increased Dehumidification
To increase the ability of the GeoSource Invision3 heat
pump to dehumidify the conditioned space in the cooling
mode, a humidistat can be wired to the controller on the
2-pole termiaal strip labeled H-R. When the humidity
level increases and the contacts of the humidistat make,
the controller reduces the CFM output of the blower'
Reducing CFM in cooling results in lower air coil
efficiency but higher levels of moisture removal' A
humidistat will not be necessary in most cases'
When using a humidistat care must be taken so that a
minimum CFM is always present at the coi1. Too little
airflow will result in freezing of the air coil and
compressor shutdown and short cycling. When the
humidistat makes, the blower speed is reduced one level
(from HI to MED, and from MED to LOW). The LOW
speed setting must be manually increased when installing
a humidistat. Moving the jumper position on the "fan
speed range" terminal strip (see electrical diagrams) does
this. Refer to the airflow chart on the bottom of the
electrical diagram for correctjumper position setting.
Z.External DHW Sensor
GeoSource Invision3 heat pumps with either the -DHW
or -DWR hot water option have the ability to have an
external temperature sensor installed, which could be set
to achieve a lower tank temperature for radiant floor
applications. To do this, mount an aquastat on the storage
tank and wire it to the 2-pole terminal strip labeled X-
DHW AUX on the controller. Then, remove jumper Jl to
activate this control (see Figure 7). Atter the normal
sampling period, if the aquastat is calling, the second
compressor will start in the DHW mode, and run until the
aquastat is satisfied. This aquastat shutofftemperature
should be set at I 10oF or lower to effectively override the
intemal controls.
3. 2"'l Stage Forced Air Priority over DIIW
GeoSource Invisionl heat pumps are sent from the
factory with DHW priority over 2od stage forced air
heating. This means if a call for DHW and 2nd stage
forced air heat occur at the same time, DHW will run and
satisfy before the second compressor comes on with a 2od
13

stage call from the thermostat. Moving Dip Switch #3 to
the OFF position can reverse the priority. This is
normally not required since the short DHW runtimes
normally go unnoticed.
4. Disabling the DHW Heating System
Moving Dip Switch #4 to the OFF position will stop the
DHW pump from sampling the tank water temperature
and keep the compressor off in the DHW mode. Units are
shipped from the factory with this switch in the off
position because units may be installed and required to
heat or cool before the DHW plumbing is completed.
5. DHW Temperature Lol[Ii Jumper
The DHW Lo/Hi Jumper located on the controller gives
the homeowner the option of selecting the temperature
output of the domestic hot water being produced by the
GeoSource lnvisionr. This jumper is sent from the
factory in the low position. If the temperature of the
water that is produced needs to be hotter, the jumper may
be switched to the high position.
9Caution: Only move this jumper after testing the
temperature of the water. If the jumper is moved before
the water temperature has been found to be insufficient,
the water may be too hot for comfort, and may cause
burns to the user.
If the jumper is positioned in the high setting, the DHW
ckcuit will have greater run times in order to heat the
water to a higher temperature. This will cause the unit to
have lowered efficiencies. Also, the longer run times may
be noticed in colder weather, when the second stage of
forced air heating is calling.
6. Economy/Comfort Mode
Dip Switch #2 on the controller is used as an
Economy/Comfort Mode switch. When this switch is
placed in the ON position (factory preset), the heat pump
is in Economy mode. The blower will operate at the low
speed fan setting with a call from G on the thermostat.
With a Yl call, the blower output will be the medium
speed fan setting. With a Y2 call, the blower will output
the high speed fan setting.
When Dip Switch #2 is placed in the OFF position, the
heat pump is in Comfort mode. This setting acts as a
permanent humidistat when the unit is in the cooling
mode. The blower will output the low speed fan setting
with either a G or a Y1 call from the thermostat. With a
Y2 call, the blower will output the medium speed fan
setting. When this switch is set to the Comfort mode, the
low speed fan tap on the controller should be moved to
the tap indicated on fan speed selection table in the
electrical diagrams (Figures 7 and 8).
IX. STARTUP
Before applying power to the heat pump, check the
following items:
- Water supply plumbing to the heat pump is
completed and operating. Manually open the water
valve on well systems to check flow. Make sure all
valves are open and air has been purged from a
closed loop system. Never operate the system
without correct water flow.
- All construction dust has been cleaned up and all
sheet-rocking is completed. Construction dust,
especially sheet-rock dust, can plug the at coil and
block airflow. Make sure the filter is clean before
starting the unit.
- Low voltage wiring of the thermostat and any
additional control wiring is complete. Set thermostat
to the "OFF" position.
- All high voltage wirilg is correct including fuses,
breakers, and wire sizes.
- The heat pump is located in a warm area (above
45oD. Starting the system with low ambient
temperature conditions is more difficult; do not leave
until the space is brought up to operating
temperatures.
- The DHW water piping is completed and purged.
- DHW water temperatures are warm enough (50nF or
above) to start in the heating mode. Low water
temperature starting may require flow reduction until
the system is up lo operating temperature.
You may now apply power to the unit. A 4 minute 35
second delay on power up is programmed into the heat
pump before the compressor will operate. During this
time you can verify airflow with the following procedure:
- Place the thermostat in the "FAN OI\f'position. The
blower should start immediately. Check airflow at
the registers to make sure that they are open and that
air is being distributed throughout the house. When
airflow has been checked, move the thermostat to the
"FAN ALrtO" position. The blower should stop.
The following steps will assure that your system is
heating and cooling properly. After the initial power up
period is completed, the red indicator light on the internal
controller will shut off. The heat pump is now ready for
operation.
- With the thermostat in the "HEAT" mode, turn the
thermostat up to its highest temperature setting. The
compressor should start, with the blower starting a
few seconds later. The thermostat may cause its own
compressor delay at this time but the compressor will
start after all delays.
- After running the unit for 5 minutes, check the airside
return and supply temperatures. An air temperature
rise of 20nF to 30oF is normal in the heating mode,
but variations in water temperature and water flow
rate can cause variations outside the normal range.
- Turn the thermostat to the "OFF" mode. The
t4

compressor will shut down in a few seconds, with the
blower stopping shortly after.
Next, set the thermostat to "COOL" and turn down to
its lowest setting. The compressor will start after an
anti-short cycle period, and the blower will start a
few seconds later. The anti-short cycle period is
indicated by the red light (labeled ASC) on the
controller.
After the unit has run in cooling for 5 minutes, check
the airside return and supply temperatures. An air
temperature drop of l5oF to 20oF is normal in the
cooling mode but airflow and humidity can effect
temperature drop.
Set the thermostat for normal operation.
Instruct the owner on correct operation of the
thermostat and heat pump.
The heat pump is equipped with both high and low
pressure switches that shut the unit off if the R-410a
refrigerant pressure exceeds 580 psi or goes below 50 psi.
Ifthe system exceeds 580 psi, the high-pressure switch
will trip and lock the unit off until power has been
disconnected at the circuit breaker for approximately one
minute. System pressures below 50 psi in heating will
trip the low pressure switch and lock the unit out until the
power supply has been de-energized for one minute. On a
well water system, the freeze protection switch (field
installed part number 75-1045) will activate rhe lockout at
65 psi in the heating mode to protect the water coil
against freeze rupture. After resetting a lockout (by
disconnecting power to the unit) verify that both water
flow and airflow are at the recommended levels before
energizing the compressor. DO NOT reset a well water
system without verifying warer flow. DO NOT reset the
system more than one time. 9Repeated resetting of the
Iockout can cause serious damage ifthe reason for
lockout is not corrected.
I - Iflockout occurs more than once contact your
ECONAR dealer immediatelv. t
X. SERVICE
A dirty filter will increase static pressure to the system.
This increase in static pressure will cause the variable
speed blower to increase its speed in order to maintain
airflow levels. This increase in speed will consume more
power than normal, reducing the efficiency of the system.
In extreme cases, the blower will not be able produce the
correct amount of airflow. In the heating mode, reduced
airflow may increase the cost of operation and, in extreme
cases, cause system lockout due to high refrigerant
pressures. In the cooling mode. reduced airflow may
reduce cooling capacity and, in extreme cases, ice the
aircoil over causing system shutdown due to low
refri gerant pressures.
This washable electrostatic air filter can be cleaned by
spraying water through the filter in the opposite direction
of the indicated airflow. This can be done outside or in a
garage with a garden hose, or in a large sink. Soap may
also be used to provide extra cleaning.
Ifanother filter is used in place ofthe factory supplied
filter, it should also be cleaned or changed in a timely
manner" Be careful in selecting optional hlters so that
excessive external resistance to airflow is not induced.
B. Lockout Lights
A lockout light on the fhermosrat (the right light on the
thermostat) will light to indicate major system problems.
If this light is flashing, one of the two refrigerant circuits
is locked out on its pressure switches. If this light is lit
solid, both ofthe refrigerant circuits are locked oul If
lockout occurs, follow the procedure below:
1) Check for a clean filter and correct water supply from
the earth loop or well water system.
2) Reset the system by disconnecting power at the
circuit breaker for one minute, and then reapplying
power.
3) If shutdown reoccurs, check the indicator lights on
the controller in the unit and review the lockout
troubleshooting guide in section XI of this manual.
4) If lockouts persist, call your ECONAR dealer. Do
not continuously reset the lockout condition or
damage may occur. I
C. Preseason Inspection
Before each season, the air coil, drain pan, and condensate
drain should be inspected and cleaned as follows:
- Turn offcircuit breakers.
- Remove access panels.
- Clean air coil by vacuuming it with a soft_brush
attachment.
- Remove any foreign matter from the drain pan.
- Flush pan and drain tube with clear water.
- Replace access panels and return power to the unit.
Regular service to a GeoSource Invision3 heat pump is
very limited. The biggest factor is cleaning the air filter.
Other factors could include water coil maintenance on an
open loop system (this maintenance is discussed in
:":t]gl VJ. Setting up regular service checkups wirh your
ECONAR dealer could be considered. Any major
problems with the heat pump system operation will be
indicated on the thermostat lockout light.
A. Filter
The GeoSource Invision3 heat pump requires an
electrostatic air filter (ECONAR parr number jO-1O7j).
This filter can be cleaned and reused after it becomes
dirty. This filter should normally be cleaned once a
month during normal usage. During extreme usage or if
system performance has decreased, the filter should be
cleaned more often.
l5

XI. THERMOSTAT
OPERATION
This section covers basic operation ofthe 3-heat 2-cool
thermostat, ECONAR part number 70-2019, which is
required.for proper operation of your GeoSource
Invlslon-.
The settings of the thermostat are controlled with the
"System", "Fan", "i", up key, and down key buttons. The
System and Fan buttons are located behind the flip-down
panel.
By pressing the "System" button, you can control the
mode that the thermostat operates in. The five system
settings are:
1. Cool - Controls normal cooling operation.
2. Heat - Controls normal heating operation.
3. Auto - The thermostat automatically changes
between heating and cooling operation, depending
on the indoor temperature
4. Em. Heat - Emergency heating. In this mode, the
heat pump's compressors are locked out, and only
the backup heating elements (if installed) operate,
5. Off - Both heating and cooling are off.
Note: When the thermostat is set to Auto, there must be
at least a 2T difference between the Heating setpoint
temperature and the Cooling setpoint temperature.
The 'Fan" button controls the operation of the heat
pump's blower. The Fan button has two settings:
1. On - The blower operates continuously.
2. Auto - The blower operates with either a heating
or cooling call.
By pressing the "i", or information, key, you can cycle
through the temperature setpoints and outdoor
temperature (if optional outdoor temperature sensor is
installed). If you wish to change a temperature setting,
press either the up key or down key when the appropriate
mode is displayed. For example, you wish to change the
heating setpoint from 68oF to 70oF. Push the "i" key until
the heating setpoint appears on the LCD display. Then
press the up key until the desired setpoint is reached. The
thermostat will automatically switch back to the room
temperature display after a few seconds.
The thermostat has two LED's on the bottom of the
thermostat. The functions of these LED's are covered
under the section "Lights" on page 11 of this manual.
Ifyou have additional questions about your thermostat,
please see the installation manual that was sent with the
thermostat.
16
I

XII. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR LOCKOUT CONDITIONS
Ifthe heat pump goes into lockout on a high or low pressure switch, the cause ofthe lockout can be narrowed down by
knowing the operating mode and which pressure switch the unit locked out on. The following table will help track down the
problem once this information is known. Note: A lockout condition is a result of the heat pump shutting itself off to protect
itseli never bypass the lockout circuit. Serious damage can be caused by the system operating without lockout protection.
X[I. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR UNIT OPERATION
High Pressure
(Condenser, Air Coil Side) -Loss/lack of airflow
-High return air temperatures (above 85iF)
-Dirty (fouled) condenser coil
-Overcharged refri gerant circuit
Heating
Low Pressure
(Evaporator, Earth Coupled Water Coil Side) -Loss/lack of flow through earth coupled coil -Low fluid temperatue operation in the earth loop
-Freezing fluid in heat exchanger (lack of antifreeze)
-Undercharged/overcharged refrigerant cilcuit
-Expansion valve/sensing bulb malfunction
High Pressure (Double Walled Condenser Coil
Side) -DHWpump out
-DHW external piping too restrictive
-Water temperature control maHunctioning
-Diny (fouled) condenser coil
-Entering earth loop ternperatures to high (above 80iF)
-Overcharged refrigerant circuit
DHW
[.ow Pressure (Evaporator, Earth Coupled
Warer Coil Side) -Loss/lack offlow through earth coupled coil
-Low fluid temperature operation in the earth loop
-Freezing fluid in heat exchanger (lack of antifieeze)
-Undercharged/overcharged refrigerant circuit
-Expansion valve/sensing bulb malfunction
High Pressure
(Condenser, Earth Coupled Water Coil Side) -High fluid temperatue operation in the earth loop
-Dirty (fouled) condenser coil
of
-Loss/lack water earth loop
waterreturn
-High I
(above
temperatures lsT)
Cooling
Low Pressure (Anti-Shon Cycle)
(Evaporator, Air Coil Side) -Low air temperature (below 55T)
-Freezing condensation on air coil
-Undercharged/overcharged refri gerant circ uit
of airflow
bulb malfunction
Blown Circuit breaker.)
fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse or
Blown Fuse on fuse on correct size
or wlres
Low
Voltage power company. Supply below 196
plate, contacl
If 1S below mmlmum voltage on
voltage
will
Low Circuit Check for bumout 18 volts.
less
Thermostat on
thermostat lowest
and temperature for
wait
setting, unit
and run.
Set thermostat on "Heat" and temperature
highest wait for
setting, timeout and should
unit
period run.
unitIf does not 1nflJn both the
cases, thermostat be
could wired be
or
incorrectly To
faulty prove
or
faulty miswired disconnect
thermostat. wires
thermostat at the and
unit between
jumper ,'R, and
,Y,
Uterminals and unit should run. thermostat with
Replace correct heat thermostat
pump A
only
substitute not work
Entire unit
does not run.
Power filter, if found
or
Thermostat set Is it below room
lncorrect Check for
Blower motor Check
off on one of the compressor will go
switch If it does not operate
blower motor
Unit will not
operate on
"heating"
DHW leaving water
too Heat pump is trying
clean coil. to heat hot water to too hot of a temperaturg. Increase flow, reduce temperature,
t7
1t4O9E LOCKOUTCGIBITTON PO,SSIRT,N{AT]SE
PROBI,EM CAilSE
3
Broken or Loose Wires
Pryffi
Defecrive thermostat I

Thermostat Check for loose or broken wires at compressor, capacitor, or contactor,
Wiring Replace fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse !t ctrcu4 llgakgl)
Blown Fuse
High or Low Pressure Controls The unit could be off on the high or low-pressure cutout control. Check water GPM, air CFM and filter,
ambient temperature and loss of refrigerant. If the unit still fails to run, check for faulty pressure
controls individually. Replace if defective.
Check capacitor, if defective remove, replace and rewire correctly.
Defective Capacitor
Voltage Supply t ow If voltage is below minimum voltage specified on the data plate, contact local power company. Check
voltage at compressor for possible open terminal.
Low Voltage Circuit Check transformer and fuse for bum out or voltage less that I 8 volts. With a voltmeter, check signal
from thermostat at Y to X, Ml on controller to X, check for 24 volts across the compressor contactor.
Replace component that does not energize.
Compressor Overload Open ln all cases an "internal" compressor overload is used. If the compressor motor is too hot, the overload
will not reset until the compressor cools down.
Internal winding grounded to the compressor shell. Replace the compressor. If compressor burnout.
replace inline filter drier.
Compressor Motor Grounded
Check continuity of the compressor windings with an ohmmeter. lf the windings are open, replace the
compressof.
Compressor Windings Open
Try an auxiliary capacitor in parallel with the run capacitor momentarily. ff the compressor still does
not start. replace it.
Blower motor
runs but
compressor
does not, or
compressor
short cycles.
Seized Compressor
Improoerlv located thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, inaccurately sensing the comfort level in living areas).
Thermostat Loose wiring connections, or control contactor defective.
Wiring and Controls
Unit short
cycles Compressor Overload Engaging Compressor overload works on high temperature. A compressor running hot may be due to lack of
refrigerant charge or faulty high-pressure lockout.
Water Lack of sufficient pressure, temperatue or quantity of water.
Recalculate heat gains or losses for space to be conditioned. If excessive, rectify by adding insulation,
shading, etc.
Unit undersized
Air leaks in ductwork Check for leaks in ductwork or introduction of ambient air through doors/windows
Thermostat Improperly located thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, not sensing the comfon level in living areas). Check
anticipator setting.
Aidlow
Refriserant Charse Low on refrigerant charge causing inefficient operation. Adiust only after checking CFM and GPM.
Reversing Valve Defective reversing valve creating bypass of refrigerant from discharge to suction side of compressor.
When it is necessary to replace the reversing valve, wrap it with a wet cloth and direct the heat away.
Excessive heat can damage the valve.
Insufficient
cooling or
heating.
Desuperheater The desuperheater circuit (in-line fuse) should be disconnected during cold weather to allow full heating
load to house.
Reversing valve does not shift Defective solenoid valve will not energize. Replace solenoid coil.Unit does not
cool (Heats
Onlv) Reversing valve does not shift,
the valve is stuck The solenoid valve is de-energized due to miswiring at the unit ff thermostat-correct wiring. Replace if valve is tight or frozen and will not move. Switch from heating to cooling a few times to loosen valve.
Diny Air Filter Check filter. Clean or replace iffound dirty.
Aidlow Lack of adequate airflow or improper distribution of air. Check the motor speed and duct sizing. Check
the filter, it should be inspected every month and changed if dirty. Check for closed registers. Remove
or add resistance accordingly.
Blower speed set to low
Low air temperature
Evaporator (air
coil) ices over
in cooling
mode. Move jumper to the next highest speed setting.
Room temperatures below 65"F may ice over the evaporator.
Unit not level Level vertical units.
Water drips
from unit. Condensate drain line kinked or plugged Clean condensate drain. Make sure external condensate &nin i5 ilstallsd with adequate drop and pitch.
Compressors Make sure tle compressors are not in direct contact with the base or sides of the cabinet. Liquid
slugging or high-pressure operation creates noise.
Blower and blower motor Blower wheel hitting the casing, adjust for clearance and alignment. Bent blower, check and replace if
damaged. Loose blower wheel on shaft, check and tighten.
Contactors Check for low supply voltage, low transformer output, or ffansformer tap setting. lf the contactor
noise in the contactor could be to control voltage less than 18 volts.
or
or corroded or coil
contacts are or
Rattles and Vibrations Check for loose screws, panels, or internal components. Copper could be hitting the metal
surfaces. Carefully readiust by bending slightly.
Water and Airborne Noises
DHW/Desuperheater Plumbing Certain piping configurations can cause a resonadng sound in remote locations thoughout the
Fastening the piping more sequrely, vibration absorbing fiftings, or replumbing may be necessary
Noisy
Operation
Cavitating Pumps Purge air from closed loop system.
and
Lack of adequate airflow or improper distribution of air. Check the motor speed and duct
the filter, it should be inspected every month and changed if dirty. Remove or add resistance
ductwork will cause high airflow velocities noisy operation. Excessive water through
the water coil will cause a squealing sound. Check the
l8
but the noise. water flow, ensuring adequate flow for good
PROBLSIW PASSIBI,E C,A.I]SE Check settins. calibratior
f