Econar GeoSurce Vara 2 Plus GV Series Instruction sheet

lnstallation
and
Operating Instructions
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Desuperheater
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Controller
Reversing
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Transformer
Two-Step
Scroll
Compressor
GeoSource Vara 2 plus'" Vertical Unit
GeoSource Vara 2 Plus'" Horizontal Unit
Intelligent
5/10 kw
Electric
Elements
Variable
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ECM
Blower
Contactor
Thermostatic
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Air Pad
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
L Introduction to ECONAR Heat Pumps . . . .)
)
IGeoSource Yara 2 Plust' Features.
A. Two-Step Compressor Operation
B. Variable Speed ECM Blower
C. Intelligent Elecftic Resistance Elements
D. R-410a Refrigerant
III. UnitLocation/Mounting
IV. Condensate Drain
V. Duct System,/Blower
VL Earth Loop Water Piping
A. Closed Loop Applications
B. Open Loop Applications
l) Open Loop Freeze Protection Switch
2) Water Coil Maintenance
VIL Unit Sizing
A. Earttr Loop Configuration and Design Water Temperatures
1) Closed Loop Systems
2) Open l,oop Systems
B. Building Heat LosslFleat Gain
VlI. ElectricalService
24Yolt Control Circuit
A. Transformer
B. Thermostat
l) Wiring
D Lights
C. Controller
1) ECM Blower Operation and Speed Control
2) Earth Loop Pump Initiation
3) Compressor Operation for 1't Stage Heat/Cool
4) Compressor Operation for 2od Stage Heat/Cool
5) Electric Element Operation
6) 4-Way Valve Control
7) Compressor Lockouts
8) CompressorAnti-Short-Cycle
9) System Diagnostics
Startup ....
Service
A. AirFilter
B. Lockout Lights
C. Preseasonlnspection
3
4
4
5
rx.
8
9
9
13
l4
15
t7
19
x.
xr.
xII.
xm.
xrv.
xv.
xvI.
11
12
Thermostat Operation
Troubleshooting Guide for Lockout Conditions
Troubleshooting Guide for Unit Operation . . .
Additional Figures
Desuperheater (Optional)
I

I. INTRODUCTION TO
ECONAR HEAT PUMPS
ECONAR Energy Systems, Corp. has been producing
geothermal heat pumps in Minnesota for over fifteen
years. The cold winter climate has driven the design of
ECONAR Energy System's heatirg and cooling
equipment to what is known as a "Cold Climate"
geothermal heat pump. This cold climate technology
focuses on maximizing the energy savings available in
heating dominated regions without sacrificing comfort.
Extremely efficient cooling, dehumidification and
optional domestic hot water heating are also provided in
one neatly packaged system.
Geothermal heat pumps get their name from the transfer
ofheat to and from the earth. The earth-coupled heat
exchanger (geothermal loop) supplies the source energy
for heating and absorbs the discharged energy from
cooling. The system uses a compression cycle; much like
your refrigerator, to collect the earth's energy supplied by
the sun and uses it to heat your home. Since the process
only moves heat and does not createit, the efficiencies are
three to four times higher than the most efficient fossil
fuel systems.
This guide discusses the GeoSource Vara 2 Plr"t*
series heat pumps that are equipped with a two-step Scroll
compressor, a variable speed ECM blower motor, and
electric resistance elements to provide varying capacities
of heating and cooling within the same unit. The unit also
uses R-410a, an HFC refrigerant that does not harm the
earth's ozone.
Safefy and comfort are both inherent to, aod designed into
ECONAR Energy System's geothermal heat pumps.
Since the system runs completely on electricat energy,
your entire home can have the safety ofbeing gas free.
The best engineering and quality control is built into
every ECONAR heat pump built. Proper application and
correct installation will assure excellent performance and
customer satisfaction.
ECONAR's commitment to quality is written on the side
of every heat pump we build. Throughout the building
process the technicians that build each unit sign their
names to the quality assurance label after completing their
inspections. As a final quality test, every unit goes
through a full run test where the performance and
operation is verified in both the heating and cooling
modes. No other manufacturer goes as far as to run a full
performance check to assure system quality.
** IMPORTANT**
Service ofrefrigerant-based equipment can be hazardous
due to system pressure and 230 volt electrical energy.
Only trained or qualified service personnel can install,
repair or service refrigerant equipment.
& Warning: Tum offthe main switches before
performing service or maintenance to this unit. Electrical
shock can cause personal injury or death. The installer is
responsible to see that alI local electrical, plumbing,
heating and air conditioning codes are followed.
II. GeoSource Vara 2 plus'"
FEATURES
The GeoSource Yara 2 Plus" is one of ECONAR's
most advanced geothermal heat pumps. The design of
this system took into account issues such as
environmental impact, power supply efficiency, cold
climate home construction, and global energy trends.
This unit offers unique and ianovative features to
optimize the efficiency, comfort and reliability of a home
space conditioning system.
The GeoSource Vara 2 Plr"'" is a 3-Heat/ 2-Cool unit,
which utilizes a two-step modulating compressor to
provide forced air heating and cooling of the living space.
It is available with or without a factory-installed
desuperheater, which provides supplemental domestic hot
water heating. This option can typically supply up to
65Vo of a home's hot water needs throughout the year.
A. Two-Step Compressor Operation
The GeoSource Vara 2 Plr"t" heat pump uses a
Copeland ScrollrM two-step compressor. This compressor
has the ability to be run at full-load operation, which
provides l00%o capacity, or it can be run at part-load
operation, which provides approximately 7 5Vo of full-load
capacity. This technology provides these very important
operating features:
1) The ability to be run at part-load capacity, which
will handle the majority of a home's heating and
cooling needs, while providing much more
energy-effi cient operation.
2) Extended runtimes without intemrptions to
maintain the highest comfort possible.
3) High heating output and moderate cooling output
with staged capacity ro precisely fit the heating
and cooling loads of homes in cold climates.
B. Variable Speed ECM Blower
A variable speed blower motor is used on the GeoSource
Yara 2 Plus" series heat pump to keep the three-stage
operation of the system operating comfortably and
efficiently. The Electronically Commutated Motor
(ECM) converts 230 Volt AC power to DC power
internally. The DC power can then be modulated to turn
the motor at a variety of speeds.
The blower's speed is modulated based on what the
thermostat is calling for. If the thermostat is calling for
2
f

only the FAN to operate, the blower will put out a low
amount of airflow in cubic feet per minute (CFM). This
low CFM output will gently circulate air throughout the
house, eliminating hot or cold spots, and actually reduce
the need for mechanical heating or cooling at certain
times of the year. The blower can supply this minimal
CFM output with a very 1ow electrical usage.
In order to provide greater comfort, the ftkd stage signal
will "latch" to the second stage call form the thermostat.
This will allow the elements to run until second stage of
the thermostat is satisfied, causing the room temperature
to be closer to the thermostat setpoint.
Also, on units equipped with a desuperheater, a third
stage call will de-energize the desuperheater pump. This
allows the full capacity of the heat pump to be used to
heat the living space.
The GeoSource Vara 2 plrst" horizontal units do not
have factory installed internal electric elements.
D. R-410a Refrigerant
The GeoSource Vara 2 Plrs'" utilizes R-410a
refrigerant. R-410a is a zero-ozone depleting refrigerant,
making the GeoSource Vara 2 plrst" even more Eart}
friendly.
**TMPORTANT**
R-410a refrigerant requires extra precaution when service
work is being performed. The operating pressures are
extremely high - approximately l50Volngher than R-22 -
which can cause harm. Also, never leave the refrigerant
system open to atmosphere longer than absolutely
necessary, because ofthe hydroscopic properties ofthe
refrigerant oil that is used.
III. UNIT LOCATION/
MOUNTING
Locate the unit in an indoor area where the ambient
temperature will remain above 45nF. Servicing of the
heat pump is done primarily from the front. Rear access
is desirable and should be provided when possible. A
field installed drain pan is required under the entire unit
where accidental water discharge could damage
surrounding floors, walls or ceilings.
VCAUTION - Do nor tip unirs on their side during
transportation or installation, or severe internal damage
may occur.
Units must be mounted on a vibration-absorbing pad
slightly larger than the base to provide isolation between
the unit and the floor. Water supply pumps should not be
hard plumbed directly to the unit with copper pipe; this
could transfer vibration from the water pump to the
refrigeration circuit causing a resonating sound. Hard
plumbing could also transfer vibration noise from the unit
through the piping to the living space.
eNote: Keep all doors and screws installed on unit
while moving unit and installing ductwork. This will help
ensure that the unit stays square, allowing for easier
removal of door after the ductwork is attached.
l
When the thermostat calls for first stage heating or
cooling, the fan speed will increase to its mediumJow
speed setting. When the thermostat calls for second stage
heating or cooling, it will bring the fan speed up to
medium-high speed. If third stage heating or Emergency
Heat is calling, the blower will run at it's high speed
setting. The air coil has a minimum CFM requirement to
operate properly based on stage of operation in which the
unit is running. With flrst stage heating or cooling
running, the medium-low speed setting must supply
enough airflow. With second stage running, the medium-
high speed setting is required. The fan speeds of the
GeoSource Vara 2 Plust' heat pumps are factory set to
provide the highest efficiency at each stage of operation,
but may be adjusted slightly in the field to increase
comfort.
The controller provides a total of 16 fan speed set points.
There are four different CFM outputs in each of the four
fan speed ranges (Low, Medium-Low, Medium-High, and
High). These CFM outputs are factory set, and should not
be changed in the field. There is an Adjust setting, which
allows the blower to be operated at +/-10Vo of the factory
setting. For example, if the Adjust tap is set to the "-", alt
the speeds will operate at9}Vo ofthe factory setting. ff
the Adjust tap is set to the "+", all the speeds will operate
at ll0Vo of the factory setting. The Adjust tap is the only
tap on the Blower Speed Controller that should ever be
moved from the factory setting. The blower motor also
provides internal circuitry that will try to maintain the
setpoint CFM when changes occur in the external static
pressure, such as the filter getting dirty over time. The
motor does this by increasing its torque output to
compensate for external resistance changes.
The blower is also programmed to provide soft starting to
reduce air noise, delays after compressor shutdown to
distribute all the heat output from the compressor to the
heated space, and ramped speed changes. All these
features are designed for quiet, comfortable, efficient
operation.
C. Intelligent Electric Resistance
Elements
The GeoSource Vara 2 plr"t" vertical units are
equipped with factory installed electric resistance
_ elements. These provide an extra 5 kW of heat when the
-\ thermostat calls for 3'd stage heating. They also provide
10 kW of electric heat when the thermostat is set to
Emergency Heat.
--)

VCAUTION - Before driving screws inro the cabinet,
check on the inside of the unit to be sure the screw will
not hit electrical or refrigeration lines.
IV. CONDENSATE DRAIN
Condensate traps are built into every GeoSourceYara 2
TM
Plus vertical unit, so an external trap should not be
installed. Vertical units must be level to insure proper
condensate drainage. Horizontal units require an external
condensate trap in order to drain water from the heat
pump. Horizontal units must also be mounted level in
order for the condensate to drain.
The condensate line as it leaves the U bend ofthe
condensate trap must be at least 3" below the base of the
heat pump. This requires the U bend to be 6" below the
unit to give the upward portion of the U bend a 3" lift.
The condensate trap should be vented after ttre U bend.
The condensate line should be pitched away from the unit
a minimum of 1/8" per foot. If the unit produces an odor
in the cooling mode, the condensate trap or line may be
plugged, or the unit may not be pitched correctly. Bleach
may be poured down the condensate drain in the heat
purnp to kill any bacterial growth in the condensate line.
Vented condensate traps are necessary to break the
negative pressure in the air chamber and allow the
condensate to flow. Construct condensate traps to the
following diagram.
V. DUCT SYSTEM/BLOWER
For the duct system, metal ductwork should be used.
Flexible connectors are required for discharge and return
Table L - Duct Chart
Tables calculated for 0.05 to 0.10 inches ofwater friction per
the total design external static pressure is 0.20 inches of water.
1
Figure 1- Condensate Drain - Horizontal Units Only
Air vat
Helt pEp bas€
6" Drop
-inimrrr 3" Risc
air duct connections on a metal duct system. For
acceptable duct sizes, see Table 1.
Ifthe duct system is installed in an uninsulated space, the
metal ductwork should be insulated on the outside to
prevent heat loss, absorb noise, and prevent condensation
from collecting on the ductwork.
If the unit is connected to existing ductwork, this
ductwork must have the capacity to handle the air volume
required by the heat pump. Undersized ductwork will
cause noisy operation due to high air velocity, aod poor
operating efficiencies.
The GeoSource Vara 2 Plu"t" heat pumps use a
variable speed ECM blower motor. This motor has four
speed settings; low, medium-low, medium-high, and high,
each with four air output selections. These settings and
outputs are shown in Table 2. The blower motor will try
and maintain these outputs even as external static pressure
increases.
eNote: The blower will not operate properly if
ductwork is not attached. The ductwork supplies static
pressure to give the blower motor a load to work against.
Blower motors may overheat without a load if run for an
extended period of time.
3/4'Minn
diwto
To draiowith
1/8" pc foot
nin;mn pitch
50 +4x4
75 5" 4x5,4x6
100 4x8,4x6
150 7" 4x10,5x8, 6x6
200 :8" 5x10,6x8, 4x14,7x7
250 9" 6x10, 8x8,4x16
10" 6x74,8xl0,7xl2
3s0 10" 6x20, 6x16, 9x10
400 12" 6x18, 10x10, 9x12 10" 4x20,7x70,6x12,8x9
450 12" 6x20,8x14,9x12, 10x11 r0" 5x20, 6x16, 9x10, 8x12
500 10" 10x10, 6x18, 8x12,7x14
600 12" 6x20,7x18, 8x16, 10x12
800 12" 8x18, 9x15, 70x74, 12x12
1000 14" 70x18,12x74,8x24
1200 16" 10x20, 12x18, 14x15
1400 16" 10x25, 12x20, 14x1 8, 15x1 6
1600 18" 10x30,15x18, 14x20
1800 20" 10x35, 15x20, 76x19,72x3O, 14x25
2000 20" 10x40, 12x30, 15x25, 18x20
At these duct design conditions, along with the pressure drop through the frlter
CIE{ Rolnd Rectansular Round Rectancular
300

Table 2 - Blower
Note: Adjust Tap set to "+" will increase these numbers by
Adjust Tap set to "-" will decrease thess nurnbers by 107o
VT. EARTH LOOP WATER
PIPING
Since water is the source of energy in the wintertime and
the energy sink in the summertime, good water supply is
possibly the most important requirement of a geothermal
heat pump system installation. There are two common
types of water supplies, closed loop systems and open
loop systems.
eNote: When plumbing the earth 1oop, do not use
plastic female fittings with metal male fittings, or
fractures may result in the female fittings. Always use
plastic male into steel female!
A. Closed Loop Applications
A closed loop system recirculates the same
water/antifreeze solution through a closed system of
underground high-density polyethylene pipe. As the
solution passes through the pipe, it collects heat (in the
heating mode) that is being transferred from the relatively
warm surrounding soil through the pipe and into the
relatively cold solution. The solution is circulated to the
heat pump, which pulls heat out of the solution, and then
back through the ground to extract more heat from the
earth.
TOIFROM
CLOSED LOOP
The GeoSource Vara 2 plrs"" is desigaed to operate on
a wide variety of closed loop applications. Vertical loops
are typically installed with a well drilling rig up to 200
feet deep or more. Horizontal systems are typically
installed with excavating or trenching equipment
approximately five to eight feet deep, depending on
geographic location and length of pipe used. Earth loops
must be sized properly for each particular geographic
area, soil type, and individual capacity requirements.
EContact your local loop installer, ECONAR distributor,
or GeoRep (1-800-4-ECONAR) for loop sizing
requirements in your area.
Since normal wintertime operating entering water
temperatures (E\\rI) to the heat pump a.re from 25nF to
32oF, the solution in the earth loop must include
arrtifreeze. GTF and propylene glycot are common
antifreeze solutions. GTF is methanol-based antrfreeze,
which should be mixed 50Vo with water to achieve freeze
protection of 10'F. Propylene glycol antifreeze solution
should be mixed22Vo by volume with water to obtain a
20oF freeze protection. DO NOT mix more thut25Vo
propylene glycol with water in an attempt to achieve a
lower than 18oF freeze protection, since more
concentrated mixtures of propylene glycol become too
\f--ll
___J
Figure 2 - Closed Loop Water Plumbing
5
A (Future Use) 845 1480 1920 2000
B (58 Series) 815 t425 1850 t920
C (48 Series) 740 1295 1680 1800
D (38 Series) s20 910 1180 1300
P@pPAK
lt
il
il hesuey'
T@I,@tw
(P/T) Pqts
T,dP Low{G] Medium-Low{Yl) Uish{Wl/E)
IN
OUT

viscous at low temperatures and cannot be pumped
through the earth loop. Insufficient amounts of antifreeze
may result in afreeze rupture of the unit, and can cause
unit shutdown problems during cold weather operation
(when the heat pump experiences the longest run time)
due to loop temperatues falling below the freeze
protection of the antifreeze.
Flow rate requirements for closed loops are higher than
open loop systems because water temperatures supplied to
the heat pump are generally lower (see Table 3). From
2.5 to 3.0 gallons per minute (GPM) per ton are required
for proper operation of the heat pump and the earth
coupled heat exchanger.
Table 3 -Side Flow Rates
*Cupro-Nickel Well Water Coil
Pressure/Temperature (P/T) ports (ECONAR part number
70-0450) must be installed in the entering and leaving
water lines of the heat pump on a closed loop system (see
Figure 2). A thermometer can be inserted into the P/T
ports to check entering and leaving wator temperafures. A
pressure gauge can also be insefied into these P/T ports to
determine the pressure differential between the entering
and leaving water. This pressure differential can then be
compared to the specification data on each particular heat
pump to determine the flow rate of the system.
A PumpPAKrM that is individually sized for each
application can supply pumping requirements for the
earth loop fluid. The PumpPAKrM can also be used to
purge the loop system. The PumpPAKrM is wired directly
to the contactor and operates whenever the compressor
runs (see Electrical Diagram - Figure 4). If a
PumpPAKrM is not used, a separate pump can be used
which is energized with a pump relay (note: electrical
code will require a fused disconnect for pumps other than
PumpPAKsrM).
Filling and purging a closed loop system are very
important steps to assure proper heat pump operation.
Each loop must be purged with enough water flow to
assure a two feet per second flow rate in each circuit on
the loop. This normally requires a 1/z to 3 HP high head
pump to circulate fluid through the loop to remove all the
air out of the loop and into a purging tank. Allow the
pump to run 10 to 15 minutes after the last air bubbles
have been removed. Enough antifreeze must be added to
givefreeze protection to 15T betow the minimum loop
design temperature.
This amount should be calculated and added to the loop
after purging is complete. After antifreeze has been
installed, a solution sample should be measured with a
hydrometer, refractometer or any other device to
determine the actual freezing point. Remember that an
inadequate antifreeze level will lock the heat pump out on
low pressure during wintertime operation.
The purge pump can be used to pressurize the system to
an initial static pressure of 30-40 psi. Make sure the
system is at this pressure after the loop pipe has had
enough time to sfretch. In order to achieve the 30 to 40
psi initial pressure, the loop may need to be pressurized to
60 to 65 psi. This static pressure will fluctuate from
heating to cooling season, but the static pressure should
always remain above 20 psi so circulation pumps do not
cavitate and air cannot be pulled into the system. EFor
information regarding earth loop installations contact your
local loop installer, ECONAR distributor or GeoRep.
B. Open Loop Applications
An open system gets its name from the open discharge of
water after it has been used by the heat pump. A well
must be available that can supply all of the water
requirements (see Table 3) of the heat pump along with
any other water requirements drawing off that same well.
The well must be capable of supplying the heat pump,s
required flow rate for up to 24 hours per day on the
coldest winter day.
Figure 3 shows the necessary components for water
piping of an open system. First, a bladder type pressure
tank with a "draw down" of at least lYz times the well
pump capacity must be installed on the supply side of the
heat pump. Shut off valves and boiler drains on the
entering and leaving water lines are necessary for future
maintenance issues. A screen strainer is placed on the
supply line with a mesh size of 40 or 60 and enough
surface area lo allow for particle buildup between
cleanings.
Pressure/Temperature @iT) ports are placed in the supply
and discharge lines so that thermometers or pressure
gauges can be inserted into the water stream.
On the well water discharge side of the heat pump, a flow
control valve must be mounted next to the heat pump to
regulate the maximum water flow through the unit. A
solenoid valve is then installed and wired to the accessory
plug (PA) on the controller of the heat pump. This valve
will open when the unit is running and close when the
unit stops. A visual flow meter is then installed to allow
visual inspection of the flow requirements. The flow
meter can also be useful in determining when
maintenance is required (if you can't read the flow,
cleaning is required, see Water Coil Maintenance).
6
GV/GH 38 | S2.8 52.6*
GV/GH 48 I tr 5.2 63.0*
GV/GH s8 | r: 7.5 86.0*

Frcm
E4miu
T{Dk
Shrof
Valve
Stroie
Vituii
FLow
Meto
Boila
Drais
IN
otT
Solooid
Valve Flow
Conkol
Valvo Prsme/
T@paatre
(P/T) Pdts
f
Disobugr \J
Figure 3 - Open Loop Water Plumbing
Schedule 40 PVC piping, copper tubing, polyethylene or
rubber hose can be used for supply and discharge water
lines. Make sure line sizes are large enough to supply the
requfued flow with a reasonable pressure drop (generally
l" diameter minimum).
Water discharge is generally made to a drain field, stream,
pond, sudace discharge, tile line, or storm sewer.
VCAUTION: Using a drain field requires soil
conditions and adequate sizing to assure rapid percolation,
or the required flow rates will not be achieved. Consult
local codes and ordinances to assure compliance. D0
pf, discharge the water into a septic system.
The heat pump should never be operated with flow rates
less than specified. Low flow rates or no flow may result
in freezing water in the water to refrigerant heat
exchanger. This will cause the unit to shut down on
freeze protection (FP) lockout. Ifthe unit locks out,
verify that the unit has the required flow and reset the unit
by shutting offpower to the unit for one minute. VDO
![Qf, reset the unit; if the unit locks out more than once
call your service professional. EContinued reset of the
unit can freeze water inside the water coil to the point of
rupfudng the water coil.
1. Open Loop Freeze Protection Switch
Heat pump installations on open loop systems, using a
non-antifreeze protected water source during the heating
mode, require the use of freeze protection switches. If
the water supply to the heat pump is interrupted for any
reason, continued operation of the compressor would
cause the water remaining in the water-to-refrigerant heat
exchanger to freeze and rupture the heat exchanger. The
freeze protection switch (ECONAR Part # 75-i045) will
shut the unit down before freezing can occur and protect
the heat pump against loss of flow. A FREEZE
PROTECTION SWITCH MUST BEFIELD
INSTALLED ON OPEN LOOP GeoSource Vara 2
prus'* HEAT puMps BEFORE TrrE wARRANTy
CAN BE REGISTERED ON THE HEAT PUMP. This
switch mounts on the compressor's suction line and is
wired to terminals on the controller (from X to FP). This
low pressure switch now locks the unit off at 65 psi
pressure in the heating mode.
2. Water Coil Maintenance
Water quality is a major concern for open systems.
Problems can occur from scaling, particle buildup,
suspended solids, corrosion, pH levels outside thel-9
range, or biological growth. If poor water quality is
known to exist in your area, a closed loop may be the best
application. Water coil cleaning on an open loop system
may be necessary on a regular basis. Depending on the
specific water quality issue, the water coil can be cleaned
by the following methods:
a. Freeze Cleaning (Scale deposits, particle
buildup)
I. Before using the freeze cleaning procedure, verify that
it needs to be done. Answer the following questions to
determine if servicing is required.
1. Determine and verify that the required water flow
rate in GPM is both present and correct.
2. Determine the temperafure differential of the
1

water. Under normal conditions, there should be a
temperature difference ofabout 10-15 degrees
between the supply side and discharge side. Ifthe
temperature difference is 8 degrees or less,
consideration should then be given to cleaning the
water coil heat exchanger.
tr. ff cleaning of the water coil is indicated, please
carefully follow the steps listed below to atllize the freeze
cleaning method.
1. Turn off the heat pump and its water supply.
2. Open a plumbing connection on the water supply
side, if possible, to break the system vacuum and
a1low easier drainage ofthe system and water coil.
3. Drain the water out of the system and water coil
via the boiler drains on the entering and leaving
water lines.
EWARNING!! 9 FAILURE TO COMPLETELY
DRAINTHE WATER COIL HEAT EXCHANGER
COULD POSSIBLY RESULT IN A FREEZE
RUPTURE!
4. Set the thermostat to "Heat" to start the heat pump
in the heating mode and quickly freeze the coil.
5. Allow the heat pump to run until it automatically
shuts offon low pressure and then turn the
thermostat to the "Offl'position.
6. Recap the water drains and tighten any plumbing
connections that may have been loosened.
7. Ifso equipped, open the fleld installed drain cock
on the water discharge side of the heat pump, and
install a short piece of rubber hose to allow
drainage into a drain or bucket. A drain cock on
the discharge side allows the water flow to bypass
the solenoid valve, flow valve, flow meter, or any
other item that may be clogged by mineral debris.
Drainage to a bucket helps prevent the clogging of
drains and allows you to visually determine the
effectiveness of the procedure.
8. Turn on the water supply to the heat pump in order
to start the process of flushing any mineral debris
from the unit.
9. Set the thermostat to "Cool" and start the heat
pump in the cooling mode to quickly thaw out the
water coil.
10. Run the heat pump until t}le water coil is
completely thawed out and any loosened scale,
mineral deposits, or other debris buildup is flushed
completely from the water coil. Allow at least 5
minutes of operation to ensure that the water coil
is thoroughly thawed out.
I 1. If the water still contains mineral debris, and if the
flow through the unit did not improve along with
an increase in the temperature difference between
the water supply and discharge, repeat the entire
procedure listed above.
12. Reset the heat pump for normal operation.
b. Chlorine Cleaning @acterial Growth)
1. Turn the thermostat to the "Off, position.
2. Connect a submersible circulating pump to the
hose bibs on the entering and leaving water sides
of the heat exchangers.
3. Submerse the pump in a five-gallon pail of water
and chlorine bleach mixture. The chlorine should
be strong enough to kill the bacteria. Suggested
initial mixture is I part chlorine bleach to 4 parts
water.
4. Close the shut off valves upstream and
downstream of the heat exchanger.
5. Open the hose bibs to allow circulation of the
bleach solution.
6. Start the pump and circulate the solution through
the heat exchanger for 15 minutes to one hour.
The solution should change color to indicate the
chlorine is killing the bacreria and removing it
from the heat exchanger.
7. Flush the used solution down a drain by adding a
fresh water supply to the pail. Flush until the
leaving water is clear.
8. Repeat this procedure until the solution runs clear
through the chlorine circulation process.
9. Flush the entire heat pump system with water.
This procedure can be repeated annually, semiannually, or
as often as it takes to keep bacteria out ofthe heat
exchanger, or when bacteria appears in a visual flowmeter
to the point the flow cannot be read.
Another alternative to bacteria problems is to shock your
entire well. Shocking your well may give longer term
relieffrom bacteria problems than cleaning your heat
exchanger, but will probably need to be repeated, possibly
every three to five years. EContact a well driller in your
area for more information.
c. Miratic Acid Cleaning (Difficutt Scaling
and Particle Buildup Problems)
1. Consult installer due to dangerous natu.re of acids.
2. kon out solutions and de-scaling products are also
useful.
VIT. UNIT SIZING
Selecting the unit capacity of a geothermal heat pump
requires two things:
A) Earth Loop Configuration and Design Water
Temperatures.
B) Building Hear Loss/Ileat Gain.
A. Loop Configuration and Design
Water Temperatures
Loop configurations include the open and closed loop
varieties. Heat pump capacity and flow rate requirements
vary depending on loop configuration (see Table 3).
8

1. Closed Loop Systems
Closed loop systems use a heat exchanger of high density
polyethylene pipe buried underground to supply a
tempered water solution back to the heat pump. Closed
loops operate at higher flow rates than open loops since
the entering water temperature (EWT) is lower. The loop
EWT supplied to the heat pump has a great effect on the
capacity of the unit in the heating mode. Earth loops in
cold climates are normally sized to supply a wintertime
EWT to the heat pump from 32oF down to 25oF, which
minimizes the installation cost of the earth loop and still
maintains proper system operation. The unit GPM
requirements and pressure drops for loop pump sizing is
available in Table 3.
When selecting the heat pump, choose a unit that will
supply the necessary heating or cooling capacify at the
minimum and maximum earth loop temperature
conditions respectively. Example; if a residential system
requires 45,000 Btu/tr to heat a house on an earth loop
system (designed for 32"F minimum wintertime EWT),
and 40,000 Btu/tr to cool the house on an earth loop
(designed forTT'F summertime EWT), a GV48x-1-V020
GeoSource Yara 2 Plus'" heat pump is required.
1.Open Loop Systems
eNote: If a heat pump is installed on an open loop, it
should have a Cupro-Nickel water coil (GVxxx-x-V02N)
Cupro-Nickel coils withstand open loop water much
better than standard water coils.
On an open loop system the design water temperature will
be the well water temperature in your geographic region.
Many cold climates are in the 50oF range for well water
temperatwe. Flow rate requirements (in GPM) and unit
water-side pressure drops (in PSI) at 50oF EWI are
available in Table 3. If your well water temperatures are
lower than 50oF, for instance Canadian well water can be
as low as 43oF, the flow rate must be ilcreased to avoid
leaving water temperatures below the freezing point. If
well water temperatures are above 50oF, as in some
southern states where well water temperatures are above
70oF, the flow rates may need to be increased to dump
heat more efficiently in the cooling mode.
Varying well water temperatures will have little effect on
unit capacity in the cooling mode (since the well is
connected to the heat pump condenser), but can have
large effects on the capacity in the heating mode (since
the well is connected to the evaporator). If well water
temperatures are to exceed 70oF, special considerations,
such as closed loop systems, should be addressed.
B. Building Heat Loss/Ifeat Gain
The space load must be estimated accurately for any
--\ successful HVAC installation. There are many guides or
computer programs available for load estimation
including the ECONAR GeoSource Heat Pump
Handbook, Manual J, and others. After the heat loss/heat
gain is completed and loop EWT are established, the heat
pump can now be selected using the specifications data.
Choose the capacity of the heat pump based on both
heating and cooling load.
V[I. ELECTRICAL SERVICE
The main electrical service must be protected by a fuse or
circuit breaker, and be capable ofproviding the amperes
required by the unit at nameplate voltage. All wiring
shall comply with the national electrical code and/or any
local codes that may apply. Access to the line voltage
contactor is gained through the knockouts provided on
either side of the heat pump next to the front corner.
Route EMT or flexible conduit with appropriate 3-
conductor wire to the contactor and to the electric
elements.
9WARNING - The unit must be pronerly erounded!9
When supplying power to external water pumps with the
heat pump's power supply, use only impedance protected
motors. ECONAR PumpPAKsrM can be wired directly to
the contactor in the electrical box. The relay will energize
the PumpPAKrM with a call for heating or cooling. The
use of impedance protected pumps eliminates the need for
additional fusing on the PumpPAKrM.
rX. a YOLT CONTROL
CIRCUIT
The wiring diagram in Figure 4 shows the low voltage
controls of the heat pump. This section will break down
the three basic components of the low voltage circuit;
ftansformer, thermostat, and controller.
A. Transformer
An electrical diagram is provided in Figure 4, and on the
electrical box cover panel of the heat pump. An internal
24-vo1t,55 VA ftansformer is provided to operate all
confrol features of the heat pump. Table 4 shows the
trarsformer usage for GeoSource Yara 2 plust' heat
pumps.
Table4-TransformerUr
If any system's external controls require more than t}le
VA available for external use from the transformer, a
Contactor 7
4
Compressor Solenoid 4
Contro'ller 2
Thermostat 1
Blower Motor 2
Elec. Heat Relay 6
Total 26
Available 29
9
Component VA
4-Wav Valve

separate transformer must be used. The heat pump's
transformer can generally power simple external control
systems consisting of a few relays or a zone valve
(depending, of course, on the VA draw of the
components). On more complicated conffol systems the
transformer's capacity is used up very quickly.
B. Thermostat
A 3-heat/2-cool thermostat, ECONAR part number
70-2019, is included with every GeoSource Yara 2
TM
Plus heat pump. This thermostat controls all stages of
operation of the heat pump. Initiation of each stage is
implemented based on the recovery rate of the actual
temperature to the set point temperature. This means that
switching to a higher stage will require time (sometimes
15 minutes or more) for the thermostat to calculate rate of
change. Consult the instructions in the thermostat box for
proper mounting and operation. Be careful to select a
thermostat location where external temperature sources
will not affect sensed temperature.
V ClUffON- miswiring of conffol voltage on sysrem
controls can result in fuse or transformer burnout.
eNote: If a single thermostat controls multiple heat
pumps, the control wiring of the heat pumps must be
isolated from each other. This will prevent the heat
pumps from receiving high voltage through the common
wiring if it is lurned off at the circuit breaker for service.
1. Wiring
Thermostat cable with at least nine conductors must be
run from the heat pump to the thermostat. Power is
supplied to the thermostat by connecting the R and X (C)
terminals to the heat pump terminal strip. The G terminal
from the thermostat initiates the blower's sequences. The
Yl terminal energizes the frst stage operation, and the y2
terminal energizes the second stage operation. The unit is
put into the cooling mode when the thermostat energizes
the O terminal, which operates the 4-way reversing valve.
The Wl (W2) terminal energizes the electric elements for
third stage heating. The L terminal in connected to an
LED on the thermostat. The E terminal energizes the
electric elements for Emergency Heat. These connections
are listed in Table 5.
Table 5 -Connections
2. Lights
The L terminal on the heat pump, wired to the L terminal
on the thermostat, will light the right "lockout,'light;
indicating the controller is in lockout mode. If this
occurs, please see the section titled "Compressor
Lockouts."
In addition, the conffoller has a set ofdry contacts, which
are closed in the event ofunit lockout. This contact
closure can be used by a securify system or central
monitoring system to notify of a lockout.
C. Controller
The controller receives a signal from the thermostat and
initiates the correct sequence ofoperations for the heat
pump. The controller performs the following functions:
1) ECM Blower Operation and Speed Control
2) Earth Loop Pump Initiarion
3) Compressor Operation for 1't Stage Heat/Cool
4) Compressor Operation for 2nd Stage Heat/Cool
5) Electric Element Operation
6) 4-Way Valve Control
7) Compressor Lockouts
8) CompressorAnti-ShorrCycle
9) System Diagnostics
1. ECM Blower Operation and Speed
Control
A signal on the G terminal from the thermostat to the
controller will tell the conftoller to energize the blower.
A G signal alone puts the motor in low speed operation.
If the thermostat sends a G and Yl signal to the conffoller
for 1't stage operation, the controller bumps t}le blower
speed up to Medium-Low. When the thermostat sends a
G, Yl, andY2 signal for 2'd stage operation, the
controller.bumps the blower speed up to Medium-High.
A Wl (3'd stage heat) or E (Emergeniy heat) signal from
the thermostat energizes the blower in High speed. These
system configurations are tabled in Table 2.
To change blower speeds, move the pin jumper labeled
"Adjust" from its existing location to either the ..+" or ..-,.
tap. This will adjust the airflow either up or down by
l07o of the factory setting. The pin jumpers in the Low,
Medium, and High settings should not be moved from the
factory setting.
2. B;afih Loop Pump Initiation
If a PumpPAKrM is used, it should be wired directly to the
compressor side of the contactor. If a PumpPAKrM is not
used, a separate pump can be used which is energized
with a pump relay (Note: elecffical code will require a
fused disconnect for pumps other than PumppAKsru).
When there is a call for an M1 output from the controller,
the contactor will energize, starting the compressor and
earth loop pump.
24 Volt Power RR
Common xc (x)
Blower GG
Valve oo
Heat / Cool YY1
2nd Stage Heat / Cool Y2 Y2
Lockout Signal LL
3'o Stage Heat w2 w1
Emergency Heat EE
10
I

3. Compressor Operation for l't Stage
HeaUCool
A Yl signal from the thermostat will ask the controller to
initiate l't stage heating or cooling. The controller then
decides, based on lockout and anti-short-cycle periods,
when to bring the compressor on. With a Yl call from
the thermostat, the compressor will operate with its
bypass ports open. This means that the unit will be
running at 7 5Vo of full capacity, thereby increasing
efficiency and comfort. When the heat pump is operating
in l'1 stage heating or cooling, the blower will be running
on medium-low speed.
4. Compressor Operation for 2'd Stage
HeaUCool
A Y2 signal from the thermostat will ask the controller to
initiate 2nd stage heating or cooling. The unit will then
energize the solenoid coil on the compressor. When the
solenoid coil is energized, the bypass ports in the
compressor close, allowing full compressor capacity.
Also, the controller will energize the medium-high speed
output on the blower.
5. Electric Element Operation
A Wl signal from the thermostat will make the unit
energize 5 kW of the electric elements. These elements
will stay energized until Y2 is satisf,red on the thermostat.
The blower will increase to the High speed output.
An E (Emergency Heat) signal from the thermostat will
energize all 10 kW of the electric elements. This also
locks out the compressor signal from the thermostat. The
blower will run on high speed.
6. 4-Way Valve Control
When the thermostat calls for cooling on the O terminal,
the controller energizes its O output to send control power
to the 4-way reversing valve (VR) in order to switch the
refrigerant circuit to the cooling mode.
7. Compressor Lockouts
A compressor lockout occurs if the high-pressure, low
pressure (in the heating mode), or freeze protection
pressure switches open. The controller blocks the signal
from the thermostat to the contactor that normally would
energize the compressor. In the event of a compressor
lockout, the controller will send a signal from L on the
terminal strip to an LED on the thermostat to indicate a
lockout condition. This lockout condition means that the
unit has shut down to protect itself, and will not come
back on until power has been disconnected (via the circuit
breaker) to the heat pump for one minute. Problems that
could cause a lockout situadon include:
1. Water flow or temperature problems
2. Air flow or temperature problems
3. Cold ambient air temperature conditions
4. Internal heat pump operation problems
3If a lockout condition exists, the heat pump should not
be reset more than once; a service technician should be
called immediately. VThe cause of the lockout must be
determined. Repeated reset may cause damage to the
system.
8. Compressor Anti-Short-Cycle
An anti-short-cycle is a delay period between the time a
compressor shuts down and when that compressor is
allowed to come on again. This protects the compressor
and avoids nuisance lockout conditions. Anti-short-
cycles occur after these three conditions;
L A 30 second to one minute time-out period occurs
on a compressor before it will start after its last
shutdown.
2. A four minute 35 second delay is incorporated into
the timing function immediately after power is
applied to the heat pump. This occurs only after
reapplying power to the unit. To avoid this
timeout while servicing the unit, apply power,
disconnect and reapply power very quickly. This
can sometimes eliminate the waiting period.
3. A four-minute anti-short-cycle will occur after a
low-pressure switch opens in the cooling mode.
This is done to eliminate nuisance lockout
conditions. tlf the compressor continuously
short cycles in the cooling mode, shut the
thermostat off and call your sen,ice technician.
cNote: The thermostat supplied with the heat pump is
factory programmed to have a five-minute delay period
after compressor shutdown before it will start again. A
"Wait" indicator on the thermostat shows this delay. This
delay can be reprogrammed to be from zero to 5 minutes.
9. System Diagnostics
The controller is equipped with diagnostic LED lights,
which indicate the system status at any particular time.
The lights indicate the following conditions:
l. 24Yolt system power GREEN
2. Faultorlockout YELLOW
3. Anti-short-cycle mode RED
X. STARTUP
Before applying power to the heat pump, check the
following items:
o Water supply plumbing to the heat pump is
completed and operating. Manually open the
water valve on well systems to check flow.
Make sure all valves are open and air has been
purged from a closed loop system. Never
operate the system without correct water flow.
r All construction dust has been cleaned up and all
sheet-rocking is completed. Consffuction dust,
especially sheet-rock dust, can plug the air coil
and block airflow. Make sure the filter is clean
before starting the unit.
o f.ow voltage wiring of the thermostat and any
11

additional control wiring is complete. Set
thermostat to the "OFF'position.
All high voltage wiring is coffect including
fuses, breakers, and wire sizes.
The heat pump is located in a warm area (above
45oF). Starting the system with low ambient
temperature conditions is more dfficult; do not
leave until the space is brought up to operating
temperatures.
You may now apply power to the unit. A 4 minute 35
second delay on power up is programmed into the heat
pump before the compressor will operate. During this
time you can verify airflow with the following procedure:
o Place the thermostat in the "FAN ON" position.
The blower should start in low speed. Check
airflow at the registers to make sure that they are
open and that air is being distributed throughout
the house. When airflow has been checked,
move the thermostat to the "FAN AUTO"
position. The blower should stop.
The following steps will assure that your system is
heating and cooling properly. After the initial power up
period is completed, the red indicator light on the internal
controller will shut off. The heat pump is now ready for
operation.
o With the thermostat in the "HEAT" mode, turn
the thermostat up to its highest temperature
setting. The compressor should start, with the
blower starting a few seconds later. The
thermostat may cause its own compressor delay
at this time (shown by "Wait" on the thermostat)
but the compressor will start after all delays.
r After running the unit for 5 minutes, check the
airside return and supply temperatures. An air
temperature rise of 20"F to 30oF is normal in the
heating mode, but variations in water
temperafure and water flow rate can cause
variations outside the normal range.
r Tum the thermostat to the "OFF' mode. The
compressor will shut down in a few seconds,
with the blower stopping shortly after.
. Next, set the thermostat to "COOL" and turn
down to its lowest setting. The compressor will
start after an anti-short cycle period, and the
blower will start a few seconds later. The anti-
short cycle period is indicated by the red light
(labeled ASC) on the controller.
r After the unit has run in cooling for 5 minutes,
check the airside return and supply temperatures.
An air temperature drop of 15oF to 20oF is
normal in the cooling mode but airflow and
humidity can effect temperature drop.
. Set the thermostat for normal operation.
. Instruct the owner on correct operation of the
thermostat and heat pump.
The heat pump is equipped with both high and low
pressure switches that shut the unit off if the refrigerant
pressure exceeds 580 psi or goes below 50 psi- Ifthe
system exceeds 580 psi, the high-pressure switch will trip
and lock the unit offuntil power has been disconnected at
the circuit bieaker for approximately one minute. System
pressures below 50 psi in heating will trip the 1ow
pressure switch and lock the unit out until the power
supply has been de-energized for one minute. On a well
water system, the freeze protection switch (field installed
part number 7 5-1045) will activate the lockout at 65 psi in
the heating mode to protect the water coil against freeze
rupture. After resetting a lockout (by disconnecting
power to the unit) verify that both water flow and airflow
are at the recommended levels before energizing the
compressor. DO NOT reset a well water system without
verifying water flow. DO NOT reset the system more
than one time. 9Repeated resetting of the lockout can
cause serious damage ifthe reason for lockout is not
corrected.
& - If lockout occurs more than once contact your
ECONAR dealer immediatelv. I
XI. SERVICE
Regular service to a Geosource Vara 2 plust" heat
pump is very limited. The biggest factor is cleaning the
air filter. Other factors could include water coil
maintenance on an open loop system (this maintenance is
discussed in section VI). Setting up regular service
checkups with your ECONAR dealer could be considered.
A lit thermostat lockout light will indicate any major
problems with the heat pump system operation.
A. Air Filter
The GeoSource Vara 2 Plr"'" heat pump includes an
electrostatic air filter (ECONAR part number 70-lU7).
This filter can be cleaned and reused after it becomes
dirty. This filter should normally be cleaned once a
month during normal usage. During exreme usage or if
system performance has decreased, the filter should be
cleaned more often.
A dirty filter will increase static pressure to the system.
This increase in static pressure will cause the variable
speed blower to increase its speed in order to maintain
airflow levels. This increase in speed will consume more
power than normal, reducing the efficiency of the system.
In extreme cases, the blower will not be able produce the
correct amount of airflow. In the heating mode, reduced
airflow may increase the cost of operation and, in extreme
cases, cause system lockout due to high refrigerant
pressures. In the cooling mode, reduced airflow may
reduce cooling capacity and, in extreme cases, ice the
aircoil over causing system shutdown due to low
refrigerant pressures.
a
t2

This washable electrostatic air fitter caa be cleaned by
spraying water rhrough the filter in the opposite direction
of the indicated airflow. This can be done outside or in a
garage with a garden hose, or in a large sink. Soap may
also be used to provide extra cleaning. Light dirt may be
vacuumed off.
If another filter is used in place of the factory supplied
filter, it should also be cleaned or changed in a timely
manner. Be careful in selecting optional filters so that
excessive external resistance to airflow is not induced.
B. Lockout Lights
A lockout indicator on the thermostat will light to show
major system problems. ff this light is on, the refrigerant
circuit is locked out on one of its pressure switches. If
lockout occurs, follow the procedure below:
1) Check for a clean air filter and correct water supply
from the earth loop or well water system.
2) Reset the system by disconnecting power at the
circuit breaker for one minute, and then reapplying
power.
3) Ifshutdown reoccurs, check the indicator lights on
the controller in the unit and review the lockout
troubleshooting guide in section )Otr of this manual.
4) If lockouts persist, call your ECONAR dealer. Do
not continuously reset the lockout condition or
damage may occur. 8
-\ C. Preseason Inspection
Before each season, the air coil, drain pan, and condensate
drain should be inspected and cleaned as follows:
o Turn offthe circuit breakers.
o Remove the access panels.
r Clean the air coil by vacuuming it with a soft-
brush attachment-
o Remove any foreign matter from the drain pan.
o Flush the pan and drain tube with clear water.
o Replace the access panels and return power to
the unit.
XII. THERMOSTAT
OPERATION
This section covers basic operation of the 3-heat 2-cool
thermostat, ECONAR part number 70-2019, which comes
standard with every GeoSource Yara 2 plust'.
The settings of the thermostat are controlled with the
"System", up key, and down key buttons. The
System and Fan buttons are located behind the flip-down
panel.
By pressing the "System" button, you can control the
mode that the thermostat operates in. The five system
settings are:
1. Em. Heat - Controls backup heating. In this mode,
the heat pump's compressor is locked out, and only
the backup electric elements operate.
2. Heat - Controls normal heating operation.
3. Off- Both heating and cooling are off.
4. Cool - Conffols normal cooling operation.
5. Auto - The thermostat automatically changes
between heating and cooling operation, depending
on the indoor temperafure.
Note: When the thermostat is set to Auto, there must be
at least a 2T difference between the Heating setpoint
temperature and the Cooling setpoint temperature.
The "Fan" button controls the operation of the heat
pump's blower. The Fan button has two settings:
1. On - The blower operates continuously.
2. Auto - The blower operates with either a heating or
cooling call.
By pressing the "i" , or information, key, you can cycle
through your temperature setpoints. ff you wish to
change a temperature setting, press either the up key or
down key when the appropriate mode is displayed. For
example, you wish to change the heating setpoint from
68oF to 70oF. Push the "i" key until the heating setpoint
appears on the LCD display. Then, press the up key until
the desired setpoint is reached. The thermostat will
automatically switch back to the room temperature
display after a few seconds.
If the right LED on the bottom of the thermostat is lit,
your heat pump has locked itself out to protect itself, or
the thermostat is set to Emergency Heat. If this occurs,
please see the Compressor Lockout section ofthis
manual.
Ifyou have additional questions about your thermostat,
please see the installation manual that was sent with the
thermostat.
13

X[I. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR LOCKOUT CONDITIONS
If the heat pump goes into lockout on a high or low pressure switch, the cause of the lockout can be narrowed down by
knowing the operating mode and which pressure switch the unit locked out on. The following table will help track down the
problem once this information is known. Note: A lockout condition is a result of the heat pump shutting itself off to protect
itself, never bypass the lockout circuit. Serious damage can be caused by the system operating without lockout protection.
)
l
I
High Pressure
(Condenser, Air Coil Side)
-Loss/lack of airflow (dirty filter, closed vents, blower,
restricted ductwork, etc.)
-High return air temperatures (above 85T)
-Dirty (fouled) air coil
-System overcharged with refrigerant
-t oss/lack of flow through earth coupled coil
-Low fluid temperature operation in the earth loop
-Freezing fluid in heat exchanger (lack of antifreeze)
-Cold return air temperature (below 55oF)
-Expalsion valve/sensing bulb malfunction
-Undercharged/overcharged refrigerant circuit
Heating
[,ow Pressure
(Evaporator, Earth Coupled Water Coil Side)
-Loss/lack of water flow in earth loop
-High fluid temperature operation in the earth loop
-Dirty (fouled) condenser coil
-System overcharged with refrigerant
High Pressure
(Condenser, Earth Coupled Water Coil Side)
-Loss/lack of airflow (dirry filter, closed vents, blower,
restricted ductwork, etc.)
-Low retum air temperature (below 55"F)
-Freezing air coil (low airflow, lack of charge, etc.)
-Undercharged/overcharged refrigerant circuit
-Expansion valve/sensing bulb malfunction
Cooling
Low Pressure (Anti-Short Cycle)
(Evaporator, Air Coil Side)
t4
MODE LOCXOUT CONDI?ION PCISSBL.oCAUSE

XIV. TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE FOR UNIT OPERATION
B lown Fuse/Tripped Circuit
Breaker Replace fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse or circuit breaker.)
Blown Fuse on Controller Replace fuse on controller. (Check for correct size fuse.)
Broken or Loose Wires Replace or tighten the wires.
Voltage Supply Low If voltage is below minimum voltage on data plate, contact local power company,
Supply below 196 volts will hamper compressor startup.
Low Voltage Circuit Check transformer and fuse for burnout or voltage less than 18 volts.
Thermostat Set thermostat on "Cool" and lowest temperature setting, wait for timeout period and
unit should run. Set thermostat on "Heat" and highest temperature setting, wait for
timeout period and unit should run. If unit does not run in both cases, the thermostat
could be wired incorrecfly or be faulty. To prove faulty or miswired thermostat,
disconnect thermostat wires at the unit and jumper between and "G"
terminals and unit should run. Replace thermostat with correct heat pump thermostat
only. A substitute may not work properly.
Entire unit
does not run
Intemrptible Power Check incoming supply voltage.
Dkry Filrer Check filter. Clean or replace if found dirty
Thermostat Improperly Set Is it below room temperature? Check the thermostat setting
Defective Thermostat Check thermostat operation. Replace iffound defective.
Incorrect Wiring Check for broken, loose, or incorrect wires.
Unit will not
operate on
"heating" Blower Motor Defective Check blower motor ia one of the other switch positions. If it does not operate the
compressor will go offon high head.
Dirty Air Filter Check filter. Clean or replace if found dirty
Airflow Lack of adequate airflow or improper distribution of air. Check the motor speed and
duct sizing. Check the filter, it should be inspected every month and changed if dirty
Check for closed registers. Remove or add resistance accordingly.
Blower Speed Set too Low Verify blower speed jumpers are in factory settings.
Low Air Temperature Room temperatures below 65oF may ice over the evaporator
Thermostat Check setting, calibration, and wiring,
Wirine Check for loose or broken wires at compressor, capacitor, or contactor
Blown Fuse Replace fuse or reset circuit breaker. (Check for correct size fuse or circuit breaker.)
High or Low Pressure Controls The unit could be off on the high or low-pressure cutout control. Check water GPM, air
CFM and fllter, ambient temperature and loss of refrigerant. If the unit still fails to run,
check for faulty prglsure conftols individually. Replace if defective.
Voltage Supply Low If voltage is below minimum voltage specified on the data plate, contact local power
company. Check voltage at compressor for possible open terminal.
Low Voltage Circuit Check transformer and fuse for burn out or voltage less that 18 volts. With a voltmeter,
check signal from thermostat at Y1 to X, M1 on controller to X, check for 24 volts
across the compressor contactor. Replace component that does not energize.
Compressor Overload Open In all cases an "internal" compressor overload is used. If the compressor motor is too
hot, the overload will not reset until the compressor cools down.
Compressor Motor Grounded Internal winding grounded to the compressor shell. Replace the compressor. If
compressor burnout, replace inline filter drier.
Compressor Windings Open Check continuity of the compressor windings with an ohmmeter. If the windings are
open, replace the compressor.
Blower
motor
runs but
compressor
does not, or
compressor
short cycles
Seized Compressor Try an auxiliary capacitor in parallel with the run capacitor momentarily. If the
compressor still does not start, replace it.
Thermostat Improperly located thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, inaccurately sensing the comfort level
in livi4g areas).
Wiring and Controls Loose wiring connections. or control contactor defective.
Unit short
cycles Compressor Overload
Engaging Compressor overload works on high temperature. A compressor running hot
refrigeranl charge or faulty high-pressure lockout. mav be due to lack of
Evaporator
(air coil) ices
over in
cooling
mode
15
,ROBLEM POSSISLE CAUSE C}IECKS AND CORRECTIONS

Reversing Valve does not Shift
Reversing Valve does not
Shift, the Valve is Stuck
Unit does
not cool
(Heats Only)
Water of water
Lack of sufficient or
Recalculate heat gains or losses for space to be conditioned. If excessive, rectify by
adding insulation, shading, etc
Unit Undersized
Check for leaks in ductwork or introduction of ambient air doors/windowsthroush
Air Leaks in Ductwork thermostat (e.g. near kitchen, not sensing the cornfort leve1 in living
areas). Check anticipator setting.
Improperly located
Thermostat
Lack of adequate air{low or improper ,
duct sizing. Check the filter, it shoulddistribution of air. Check the motor speed and
be inspected every month and cleaned if dilfy.
Remove or add resisttmce
Airflow
Low on refrigerant charge causing inefficient operation. Adjust only after checking
CFM and GPM.
Refrigerant Charge
valve creating bypass of refrigerant from discharge to suction side
of compressor. When it is necessary to replace the reversing valve, wrap it with a wet
cloth and direct the heat away. Excessive heat can
Defective reversing
the valve.
Reversing Valve
Insufficient
cooling or
heating
Level vertical units.
Unit not Level Clean condensate drain. Make sure external condensate drain is installed with adequate
drop and pitch.
Water drips
from unit Condensate Drain Line Kinked
or Plugged Make sure the compressor is not in direct contact with the base or sides of the cabinet.
creates noise
or
Compressor
Blower wheel hitting the casing, adjust for clearance and alignment. Bent blower, check
and check and
if Loose blower wheel on
Blower and Blower Motor
Contactors
Check for loose screws, panels, or internal components. Copper piping could be hitting
the metal surfaces.
Rattles and Vibrations
Undersized ductwork will cause high airflow velocities and noisy operation. Excessive
water through the water coil will cause a squealing sound. Check the water flow,
ensuring adequate flow for good operation but eliminating the noise.
Water and Airborne Noises
Purge air from closed loop system.
Cavitating Pumps
Noisy
Operation
Defective solenoid valve will not solenoid coil.
The solenoid valve is de-energized due to miswiring at the unit or thermostat-colrect
wiring. Replace if valve is tight or frozen and will not move. Switch from heating to
a few times to loosen valve.
A "clattering" or "humming" noise in the contactor could be due to control voltage less
than 18 volts. Check for low supply voltage, low transformer output, or fransformer tap
setting. If the contactor contacts are pitted or corroded or coil is defective, repair or
t6
CHECKS AND CORRECTIONS
POSSIBI.E CAUSB
PROBLEM
ti ohten

XV. ADDITIONAL FIGURES
LEGEND
Fl Fuse, Tmnsformer
F2 Fuse, Desuperheater
HL High Temp Limit
HP High Pressre Switch
LP lrw Pressure Switch
Ml Contactor
PA Plug, Accessmy
VR Valve, Reversing
1rB Compressor Blpss Valve
(energire for Y2)
TSL Third Stage Latch
Jl Must remain on
J2 Ties W2 to E
J3 Overflow Protectiou
BLOWER MOTOR CONTROL 1\,'1RES
I - Blue
2 - White
3 'Bluc
4 - Cireen/Red
5 - Whit€/Red
6 - Yeliorv
BLOWER SPEED SETI'INGS
A : Futurc
B : 58 Serics
C = 48 Series
D = 38 Series
+ = hcrease CFM by l0%
-: Decrcasc CI]M b1, I 0% 'l Orange
- u,hirc/Blue
12 . Rcd
l3 - Black
l4 - GreenBlue
I 5 - Green
:-T
DC
Blue tBlack
Brown
f"7i.inTcb-'Eiijl-il?
q\ry+w
fhm€tat
ECONIR Part
Nu$ber 70-2019
ECO!|AR Slide-In
Eeat€ (See
80-0037)
ilt
+
Ye11ow
E16E].ow MED
white
20av
BIack
v2
E
TTI
,l l( 1-Phaae
Run
VAC
LP
ss
m
s
EP
cont!o11er
20-1038
Rev. E
l8
J7 J2
,rl
A.SC
s
PA)
rdot I
Y EW2 Frl
x
Blue X
I
I
w
E Y L
Red
wI
Black
Blue
-$Lf
tp SP
FP
Add to
qell syalms
(Rmove Junper)
w
Geosourca Vara2+ Eeat tup
Electrical Diagrm
Rev D 10/O5 80-0040 -
tactory Wiring
- - Field wiring DeaulErh€ater Purq,
Oplj.onal tl
Jl
-
Eigh Voltaq€ 240W
-
Los VoLtage 24BC To PMDPM ttutronal) I
tr
H
Figure 4 - Electrical Diagram for GeoSource Vara 2 Plr"'" Heat Pump 3Heat-2Cool
17
I
I
I
I
I

EBrot{n
l,lhi te
ue
Bl ue E1 - 4.8 kU
Black HLl
L1
€
6round
EC0l.lAR Sl ide-In Heater
Electrical Diagram
Rev A 2-01 80-0037 -
Factory l,liring
- - Field wiring
-
High Vo]tage 240VAC
-
Low Voltage 24VAC
drc
r50/200
E2 - 4.8 kH
HL2
Figure 5 - Electrical Diagram for ECONAR Intelligent Slide-In-Heater
Notes:
18